CN115519645A - Preparation method and application of bamboo powder metal ion composite material - Google Patents
Preparation method and application of bamboo powder metal ion composite material Download PDFInfo
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- CN115519645A CN115519645A CN202211272401.3A CN202211272401A CN115519645A CN 115519645 A CN115519645 A CN 115519645A CN 202211272401 A CN202211272401 A CN 202211272401A CN 115519645 A CN115519645 A CN 115519645A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
- B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
- B27N3/08—Moulding or pressing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27L—REMOVING BARK OR VESTIGES OF BRANCHES; SPLITTING WOOD; MANUFACTURE OF VENEER, WOODEN STICKS, WOOD SHAVINGS, WOOD FIBRES OR WOOD POWDER
- B27L11/00—Manufacture of wood shavings, chips, powder, or the like; Tools therefor
- B27L11/06—Manufacture of wood shavings, chips, powder, or the like; Tools therefor of wood powder or sawdust
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
- B27N1/00—Pretreatment of moulding material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08H—DERIVATIVES OF NATURAL MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08H8/00—Macromolecular compounds derived from lignocellulosic materials
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02W90/10—Bio-packaging, e.g. packing containers made from renewable resources or bio-plastics
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of bamboo composite material processing, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a bamboo powder metal ion composite material, which comprises the following steps: weighing bamboo powder, ball-milling in acetic acid water solution, standing, cooling to obtain etched bamboo powder, spraying water until the bamboo powder is neutral, and standing at room temperature until it is air-dried; adding sodium chloroacetate into the obtained air-dried bamboo powder, stirring at 60 deg.C for 4 hr, slowly adding into sodium hydroxide solution, stirring for 10min, standing at 25 deg.C overnight, filtering the mixed solution, washing the filtered bamboo powder with ethanol until the powder is neutral to obtain carboxymethylated bamboo powder; putting carboxymethylated bamboo powder into saturated solution containing metal ions, and putting into a drying oven to be dried completely; and carrying out hot pressing treatment on the dried bamboo powder to obtain the bamboo powder metal ion composite material. The bamboo powder embedded metal ion composite material prepared by the invention has good mechanical property, good water resistance and good processing property.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of bamboo composite material processing, and particularly relates to a preparation method and application of a bamboo powder metal ion composite material.
Background
With the development of green development strategy and sustainable development concept, natural green biological composite materials are gradually valued. The artificial board prepared from the traditional wood inevitably uses adhesive in the production process, generates formaldehyde pollution, can cause the consumption of petroleum resources and the pollution of the environment, and does not conform to the concept of green development. Therefore, from the requirement of green biological composite materials, the production of high-performance composite materials which take renewable resources as raw materials, have low process pollution, low production cost and small resource consumption becomes necessary.
The bamboo wood has the characteristics of regeneration, low cost, quick regeneration and large-range planting. Therefore, the novel biomass composite material prepared from the bamboo wood has the potential of replacing wood. In the existing preparation method of the biomass composite material, one method is to provide a frame by cellulose in natural bamboo fibers and apply an adhesive to ensure that an artificial board obtains strength. Although the method can avoid the defects of the structure of the bamboo wood, the bamboo wood with too high grade is not needed, and the source of the raw materials is increased. But the problems of complicated process and environmental pollution are inevitably brought because of the use of the adhesive. The other method is a green method which does not need any adhesive and enables the bamboo cells to become a compact structure by heating and compressing without applying the adhesive. But the bamboo has high quality, the raw material source is reduced, and the strength and the water resistance of the board manufactured by a single hot pressing method are not as good as those of boards using adhesives. Therefore, a new biocomposite material with wide raw material source, simple process and excellent performance, which can effectively replace the artificial board with glue, needs to be developed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a preparation method of a bamboo powder metal ion composite material.
The invention provides a preparation method of a bamboo powder metal ion composite material, which comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing bamboo powder, placing the bamboo powder into an acetic acid aqueous solution for ball milling, standing and cooling to obtain etched bamboo powder, spraying water until the bamboo powder is neutral, and placing at room temperature until the bamboo powder is in an air-dry state;
s2, adding sodium chloroacetate into the air-dried bamboo powder obtained in the step S1, stirring at 60 ℃ for 4 hours, slowly adding the mixture into a sodium hydroxide solution, stirring for 10 minutes, standing at 25 ℃ overnight, filtering the mixed solution, washing the filtered bamboo powder with ethanol until the powder is neutral, and obtaining carboxymethylated bamboo powder;
s3, preparing a metal ion solution, uniformly spraying the metal ion solution into the carboxymethylated bamboo powder obtained in the step S2, and putting the carboxymethylated bamboo powder into an oven to be dried completely;
and S4, carrying out hot pressing treatment on the dried bamboo powder in the step S3 to obtain the bamboo powder metal ion composite material.
Preferably, in step S1, the bamboo powder is 80-100 mesh, the concentration of the acetic acid aqueous solution is 7wt%, and the ratio of the bamboo powder to the acetic acid aqueous solution is 1.5.
Preferably, in step S1, the grinding balls are added in an amount of 800-1000 grinding balls per 1kg of bamboo powder, the grain size of the ball-milled grinding balls is 2-3cm, the ball-milling temperature is 125-135 ℃, the ball-milling time is 5-6h, and the ball-milling rotation speed is 300-380rpm.
Preferably, in the step S2, the mass ratio of the air-dried bamboo powder to the sodium chloroacetate is 9-10.
Preferably, in step S2, the concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 37.5wt%.
Preferably, in step S2, the feed-liquid ratio of the air-dried bamboo powder to the sodium hydroxide solution is 1.
Preferably, in step S2, the ethanol is anhydrous ethanol with a concentration of 80 wt%.
Preferably, in step S3, the metal ion solution is a solution containing calcium ions, copper ions or magnesium ions, the concentration of the metal ion solution is 10wt%, and the addition amount of the metal ions is 10% of the mass of the bamboo powder.
Preferably, in step S4, the temperature of the hot pressing is controlled to 165 to 170 ℃, the hot pressing pressure is controlled to 25MPa, and the hot pressing time is controlled to 1 hour.
The invention also provides application of the bamboo powder metal ion composite material prepared by the preparation method in household products.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the bamboo powder embedded metal ion composite material prepared by the invention has good mechanical property, good water resistance and good processing property, and the recovery rate of the composite material is greatly improved compared with the recovery rate of the traditional mainstream artificial board due to the characteristic of no adhesive application, and the composite material is green and environment-friendly.
2. The whole preparation process of the invention does not need to apply any adhesive, does not produce pollution, has simple process, easy scale formation, low requirement on equipment materials, wide source of raw materials, and low cost because the waste bamboo wood can be used as the raw material.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without inventive exercise. Wherein:
fig. 1 shows a bamboo powder metal ion composite material prepared in example 1.
Detailed Description
In order that the invention may be understood, reference will now be made in detail to the present examples. The bamboo powder used in the invention is 80-100 meshes, the diameter of the used grinding ball is 2-3mm, the concentration of the used acetic acid aqueous solution is 7wt%, the concentration of the used sodium hydroxide solution is 37.5wt%, and the used ethanol is absolute ethanol with the concentration of 80 wt%.
Example 1:
a preparation method of a bamboo powder metal ion composite material comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing 10g of bamboo powder, placing the bamboo powder into 15ml of acetic acid aqueous solution, adding 10 grinding balls, carrying out ball milling at 130 ℃ for 6h at the ball milling rotation speed of 300rpm, standing and cooling to obtain etched bamboo powder, spraying water until the bamboo powder is neutral, and placing at room temperature until the bamboo powder is in an air-dry state;
s2, adding 1g of sodium chloroacetate into the air-dried bamboo powder obtained in the step S1, stirring at 60 ℃ for 4 hours, slowly adding 54g of sodium hydroxide solution, stirring for 10 minutes, standing at 25 ℃ overnight, filtering the mixed solution, washing the filtered bamboo powder with ethanol until the powder is neutral, and obtaining carboxymethylated bamboo powder;
s3, uniformly spraying 10g of magnesium chloride solution with the concentration of 10wt% into the carboxymethylated bamboo powder obtained in the step S2, and putting the carboxymethylated bamboo powder into a 105 ℃ oven to be dried completely;
s4, paving the dried bamboo powder in the step S3 in a forming metal mold, and performing hot pressing treatment, wherein the paving thickness is 18mm, the temperature of the hot pressing treatment is controlled to be 165 ℃, the hot pressing pressure is controlled to be 25MPa, and the hot pressing time is controlled to be 1h, so that the bamboo powder metal ion composite material-1 is obtained.
Example 2:
a preparation method of a bamboo powder metal ion composite material comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing 10g of bamboo powder, placing the bamboo powder into 15ml of acetic acid aqueous solution, adding 8 grinding balls, carrying out ball milling at 125 ℃ for 5 hours at a ball milling rotating speed of 350rpm, standing and cooling to obtain etched bamboo powder, spraying water until the bamboo powder is neutral, and placing at room temperature until the bamboo powder is in an air-dry state;
s2, adding 1g of sodium chloroacetate into the air-dried bamboo powder obtained in the step S1, stirring at 60 ℃ for 4 hours, slowly adding 54g of sodium hydroxide solution, stirring for 10 minutes, standing at 25 ℃ overnight, filtering the mixed solution, washing the filtered bamboo powder with ethanol until the powder is neutral, and obtaining carboxymethylated bamboo powder;
s3, uniformly spraying 10g of copper chloride solution with the concentration of 10wt% into the carboxymethylated bamboo powder obtained in the step S2, and putting the carboxymethylated bamboo powder into a 105 ℃ oven to be dried completely;
s4, paving the dried bamboo powder in the step S3 in a forming metal mold, wherein the paving thickness is 18mm, and performing hot pressing treatment, wherein the temperature of the hot pressing treatment is controlled to be 170 ℃, the hot pressing pressure is controlled to be 25MPa, and the hot pressing time is controlled to be 1h, so that the bamboo powder metal ion composite material-2 is obtained.
Example 3:
a preparation method of a bamboo powder metal ion composite material comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing 10g of bamboo powder, placing the bamboo powder into 15ml of acetic acid aqueous solution, adding 9 grinding balls, carrying out ball milling at 135 ℃ for 6h at a ball milling rotation speed of 380rpm, standing and cooling to obtain etched bamboo powder, spraying water until the bamboo powder is neutral, and placing at room temperature until the bamboo powder is in an air-dry state;
s2, adding 1.1g of sodium chloroacetate into the air-dried bamboo powder obtained in the step S1, stirring for 4 hours at 60 ℃, slowly adding 54g of sodium hydroxide solution, stirring for 10 minutes, standing overnight at 25 ℃, filtering the mixed solution, washing the filtered bamboo powder with ethanol until the powder is neutral, and obtaining carboxymethylated bamboo powder;
s3, uniformly spraying 10g of a 10wt% calcium chloride solution into the carboxymethylated bamboo powder obtained in the step S2, and putting the carboxymethylated bamboo powder into a 105 ℃ drying oven to be dried completely;
s4, paving the dried bamboo powder in the step S3 in a forming metal mold, wherein the paving thickness is 18mm, and performing hot pressing treatment, wherein the temperature of the hot pressing treatment is controlled to be 168 ℃, the hot pressing pressure is controlled to be 25MPa, and the hot pressing time is controlled to be 1h, so that the bamboo powder metal ion composite material-3 is obtained.
Comparative example 1:
a preparation method of a bamboo powder metal ion composite material comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing 10g of bamboo powder, placing the bamboo powder into 15ml of acetic acid aqueous solution, adding 10 grinding balls, carrying out ball milling at 125 ℃ for 2h at a ball milling rotation speed of 380rpm, standing and cooling to obtain etched bamboo powder, spraying water until the bamboo powder is neutral, and placing at room temperature until the bamboo powder is in an air-dry state;
s2, adding 1g of sodium chloroacetate into the air-dried bamboo powder obtained in the step S1, stirring at 60 ℃ for 4 hours, slowly adding into 54g of sodium hydroxide solution, stirring for 10 minutes, standing at 25 ℃ overnight, filtering the mixed solution, washing the filtered bamboo powder with ethanol until the powder is neutral, and obtaining carboxymethylated bamboo powder;
s3, uniformly spraying 10g of magnesium chloride solution with the concentration of 10wt% into the carboxymethylated bamboo powder obtained in the step S2, and putting the carboxymethylated bamboo powder into a 105 ℃ oven to be dried completely;
s4, paving the dried bamboo powder in the step S3 in a forming metal mold, and performing hot pressing treatment, wherein the hot pressing treatment temperature is 165 ℃, the hot pressing pressure is 25MPa, and the hot pressing time is 1h, so as to obtain the bamboo powder metal ion composite material-a.
Comparative example 2
A preparation method of a bamboo powder metal ion composite material comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing 10g of bamboo powder, placing the bamboo powder into 15ml of acetic acid aqueous solution, adding 10 grinding balls, carrying out ball milling at 135 ℃ for 12h at a ball milling speed of 380rpm, standing and cooling to obtain etched bamboo powder, spraying water until the bamboo powder is neutral, and placing at room temperature until the bamboo powder is in an air-dry state;
s2, adding 1g of sodium chloroacetate into the air-dried bamboo powder obtained in the step S1, stirring at 60 ℃ for 4 hours, slowly adding into 54g of sodium hydroxide solution, stirring for 10 minutes, standing at 25 ℃ overnight, filtering the mixed solution, washing the filtered bamboo powder with ethanol until the powder is neutral, and obtaining carboxymethylated bamboo powder;
s3, uniformly spraying 10g of 10wt% magnesium chloride solution into the carboxymethylated bamboo powder obtained in the step S2, and putting the carboxymethylated bamboo powder into a 105 ℃ drying oven to be dried completely;
s4, paving the dried bamboo powder in the step S3 in a forming metal mold, wherein the paving thickness is 18mm, and performing hot pressing treatment, wherein the temperature of the hot pressing treatment is controlled to be 165 ℃, the hot pressing pressure is controlled to be 25MPa, and the hot pressing time is controlled to be 1h, so that the bamboo powder metal ion composite material-b is obtained.
Comparative example 3
A preparation method of a bamboo powder metal ion composite material comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing 10g of bamboo powder, placing the bamboo powder into 15ml of acetic acid aqueous solution, adding 10 grinding balls, performing ball milling at 130 ℃ for 6 hours at a ball milling rotation speed of 350rpm, standing and cooling to obtain etched bamboo powder, spraying water until the bamboo powder is neutral, and placing at room temperature until the bamboo powder is in an air-dry state;
s2, uniformly spraying 10g of magnesium chloride solution with the concentration of 10wt% in the carboxymethylated bamboo powder obtained in the step S2, and putting the carboxymethylated bamboo powder into a 105 ℃ oven to be dried completely;
s3, paving the dried bamboo powder in the step S2 in a forming metal mold, and performing hot pressing treatment, wherein the hot pressing treatment temperature is 165 ℃, the hot pressing pressure is 25MPa, and the hot pressing time is 1h, so as to obtain the bamboo powder metal ion composite material-c.
Comparative example 4
A preparation method of a bamboo powder metal ion composite material comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing 10g of bamboo powder, placing the bamboo powder into 15ml of acetic acid aqueous solution, adding 10 grinding balls, performing ball milling at 130 ℃ for 6 hours at a ball milling speed of 380rpm, standing and cooling to obtain etched bamboo powder, spraying water until the bamboo powder is neutral, and placing at room temperature until the bamboo powder is in an air-dry state;
s2, adding 1g of sodium chloroacetate into the air-dried bamboo powder obtained in the step S1, stirring at 60 ℃ for 4 hours, slowly adding 54g of sodium hydroxide solution, stirring for 10 minutes, standing at 25 ℃ overnight, filtering the mixed solution, washing the filtered bamboo powder with ethanol until the powder is neutral, and obtaining carboxymethylated bamboo powder;
s3, uniformly spraying 40g of magnesium chloride solution with the concentration of 10wt% in the carboxymethylated bamboo powder obtained in the step S2, and putting the carboxymethylated bamboo powder into a 105 ℃ oven to be dried completely;
s4, paving the dried bamboo powder in the step S3 in a forming metal mold, wherein the paving thickness is 18mm, and carrying out hot pressing treatment, wherein the temperature of the hot pressing treatment is controlled to be 165 ℃, the hot pressing pressure is controlled to be 25MPa, and the hot pressing time is controlled to be 1h.
Comparative example 5
A preparation method of a bamboo powder metal ion composite material comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing 10g of bamboo powder, placing the bamboo powder into 15ml of acetic acid aqueous solution, adding 10 grinding balls, carrying out ball milling at 125 ℃ for 6h at a ball milling rotation speed of 380rpm, standing and cooling to obtain etched bamboo powder, spraying water until the bamboo powder is neutral, and placing at room temperature until the bamboo powder is in an air-dry state;
s2, adding 1g of sodium chloroacetate into the air-dried bamboo powder obtained in the step S1, stirring at 60 ℃ for 4 hours, slowly adding 54g of sodium hydroxide solution, stirring for 10 minutes, standing at 25 ℃ overnight, filtering the mixed solution, washing the filtered bamboo powder with ethanol until the powder is neutral, and obtaining carboxymethylated bamboo powder;
s3, uniformly spraying 2.5g of 10wt% magnesium chloride solution into the carboxymethylated bamboo powder obtained in the step S2, and putting the carboxymethylated bamboo powder into a 105 ℃ oven to be dried completely;
s4, paving the dried bamboo powder in the step S3 in a forming metal mold, wherein the paving thickness is 18mm, and performing hot pressing treatment, wherein the temperature of the hot pressing treatment is controlled to be 165 ℃, the hot pressing pressure is controlled to be 25MPa, and the hot pressing time is controlled to be 1h, so that the bamboo powder metal ion composite material-d is obtained.
Comparative example 6
A preparation method of a bamboo powder metal ion composite material comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing 10g of bamboo powder, placing the bamboo powder into 15ml of acetic acid aqueous solution, adding 10 grinding balls, carrying out ball milling at 135 ℃ for 6h at a ball milling speed of 380rpm, standing and cooling to obtain etched bamboo powder, spraying water until the bamboo powder is neutral, and placing at room temperature until the bamboo powder is in an air-dry state;
s2, adding 1g of sodium chloroacetate into the air-dried bamboo powder obtained in the step S1, stirring at 60 ℃ for 4 hours, slowly adding 54g of sodium hydroxide solution, stirring for 10 minutes, standing at 25 ℃ overnight, filtering the mixed solution, washing the filtered bamboo powder with ethanol until the powder is neutral, and obtaining carboxymethylated bamboo powder;
s3, putting 10g of magnesium chloride solution with the concentration of 10wt% into the carboxymethylated bamboo powder obtained in the step S2, and putting the carboxymethylated bamboo powder into a 105 ℃ oven to be dried completely;
s4, paving the dried bamboo powder in the step S3 in a forming metal mold, and performing hot pressing treatment, wherein the paving thickness is 18mm, the temperature of the hot pressing treatment is controlled to be 185 ℃, the hot pressing pressure is controlled to be 25MPa, and the hot pressing time is controlled to be 1h, so as to obtain the bamboo powder metal ion composite material-e.
Comparative example 7
A preparation method of a bamboo powder metal ion composite material comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing 10g of bamboo powder, placing the bamboo powder into 15ml of acetic acid aqueous solution, adding 10 grinding balls, carrying out ball milling at 135 ℃ for 6h at the ball milling speed of 300rpm, standing and cooling to obtain etched bamboo powder, spraying water until the bamboo powder is neutral, and placing at room temperature until the bamboo powder is in an air-dry state;
s2, adding 1g of sodium chloroacetate into the air-dried bamboo powder obtained in the step S1, stirring at 60 ℃ for 4 hours, slowly adding 54g of sodium hydroxide solution, stirring for 10 minutes, standing at 25 ℃ overnight, filtering the mixed solution, washing the filtered bamboo powder with ethanol until the powder is neutral, and obtaining carboxymethylated bamboo powder;
s3, putting the carboxymethylated bamboo powder obtained in the step S2 into 10g of magnesium chloride solution with the concentration of 10wt%, and putting the magnesium chloride solution into a drying oven at 105 ℃ to be dried completely;
s4, paving the dried bamboo powder in the step S3 in a forming metal mold, and performing hot pressing treatment, wherein the paving thickness is 18mm, the temperature of the hot pressing treatment is controlled to be 135 ℃, the hot pressing pressure is controlled to be 25MPa, and the hot pressing time is controlled to be 1h, so that the bamboo powder metal ion composite material-f is obtained.
In comparative example 4, an excessive amount of magnesium chloride solution was used, and since excessive magnesium ions were not embedded in cellulose but remained in the form of magnesium chloride, compatibility between bamboo powders was deteriorated, and the board was difficult to form and poor in water resistance due to strong water absorption of magnesium chloride, and thus the bamboo composite material was not formed.
The sheets obtained in examples 1 to 3, comparative examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 5 to 7 were cooled to room temperature, and placed in a ventilated and constant-humidity place, and the water content thereof was balanced to 9 to 12%.
The mechanical strength and water absorption of the boards prepared in the examples and the comparative examples were tested according to the standard of "test method for physical and chemical properties of artificial boards and veneers of GB/T17657-2013", and the results are shown in Table 1.
| Mechanical Strength (MPa) | Water absorption (%) of 12h | Water absorption (%) of 48h | |
| Example 1 | 296 | 4.6 | 7.8 |
| Example 2 | 250 | 6.3 | 10.7 |
| Example 3 | 294 | 22 | 34 |
| Comparative example 1 | 240 | 8.5 | 15.3 |
| Comparative example 2 | 203 | 13 | 18.4 |
| Comparative example 3 | 275 | 9.4％ | 15.8 |
| Comparative example 5 | 265 | 7.5 | 14.6 |
| Comparative example 6 | 254 | 5 | 10.2 |
| Comparative example 7 | 180 | 18 | 29.3- |
TABLE 1
As can be seen from table 1, the mechanical strength of the bamboo powder metal ion composite material-1 prepared in example 1 is 296MPa, and the composite material has significant advantages compared with the strength of natural bamboo and the strength of the existing main artificial board. The composite material is subjected to a water resistance test, when the soaking time of the bamboo powder metal ion composite material-1 is 12 hours, the water absorption rate is only 4.6%, the top of the water absorption rate is reached at the soaking time of 48 hours along with the increase of the soaking time, the water absorption rate is 7.8%, and the water absorption rate is kept unchanged for a long time. The prepared bamboo powder metal ion composite material-1 has the condition which is enough to be used in the humid environment.
Example 2 the metal ion to be embedded was Cu 2+ Then, the obtained bamboo powder is goldThe mechanical strength of the metal ion composite material-2 is 250MPa, the water absorption rate is 6.3% when the soaking time is 12h, the peak of the water absorption rate of the bamboo powder metal ion composite material-2 is 10.7% when the soaking time is 48h along with the increase of the soaking time, and the bamboo powder metal ion composite material-2 can be kept unchanged for a long time, and the board can be used in places with water resistance requirements of 2 types such as outdoor decoration or furniture.
The metal ion to be embedded in example 3 was Ca 2+ When the mechanical strength of the prepared bamboo powder metal ion composite material-3 is 294MPa, the water absorption rate of the board reaches 15% when the board is soaked for only 2h, the top of the water absorption rate of the bamboo powder metal ion composite material-3 reaches 34% when the board is soaked for 24h along with the increase of the soaking time, and the board is unchanged for a long time, and the board can only be used in places with 3 types of water resistance requirements such as indoor decoration or furniture.
In comparative example 1, when the ball milling time is 2 hours, the mechanical strength of the prepared bamboo powder metal ion composite material-a is 240MPa, and when the soaking time is 12 hours, the water absorption rate is 8.5 percent, which is higher than the highest water absorption rate in example 1.
In comparative example 2, when the ball milling time was 12 hours, the mechanical strength of the prepared bamboo powder metal ion composite material-b was 203MPa, and when the soaking time was only 6 hours, the water absorption rate had reached 10%.
It is clear from comparative examples 1 and 2 that too long or too short ball milling time affects the water resistance of the sample.
In the comparative example 3, the mechanical strength of the prepared bamboo powder metal ion composite material-c is 275MPa, and the carboxyl group is not modified on the cellulose of the bamboo, so the embedding effect of the metal ions is not good as that of the example 1, and the mechanical strength is not ideal.
In comparative example 5, the mechanical strength of the bamboo powder metal ion composite material-d was 265MPa, and since the carboxyl group was not completely substituted by the metal ion, the number of the metal ion embedded in the bamboo powder was decreased, resulting in residual carboxyl group on the cellulose, increasing the water absorption of the panel, deteriorating the water resistance of the panel, and the mechanical strength was inferior to that of example 1.
In comparative example 6, the surface of the bamboo powder metal ion composite material-e blackened after the heat treatment temperature was increased, and the apparent carbonization occurred, and the measured mechanical strength was 254MPa, and it can be seen that the mechanical strength of the sheet was reduced by an excessively high temperature as compared with example 1.
In comparative example 7, after the temperature of the heat treatment was lowered, no precipitation of lignin was observed on the surface of the bamboo powder metal ion composite material-f, no significant bonding was observed between the bamboo powders, the measured mechanical strength was 180MPa, which is much lower than that of example 1, indicating that too low temperature is not a condition for preparing the board.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the bamboo powder metal ion composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, weighing bamboo powder, placing the bamboo powder into an acetic acid aqueous solution for ball milling, standing and cooling to obtain etched bamboo powder, spraying water until the bamboo powder is neutral, and placing at room temperature until the bamboo powder is in an air-dry state;
s2, adding sodium chloroacetate into the air-dried bamboo powder obtained in the step S1, stirring at 60 ℃ for 4 hours, slowly adding the mixture into a sodium hydroxide solution, stirring for 10 minutes, standing at 25 ℃ overnight, filtering the mixed solution, washing the filtered bamboo powder with ethanol until the powder is neutral, and obtaining carboxymethylated bamboo powder;
s3, preparing a metal ion solution, uniformly spraying the metal ion solution into the carboxymethylated bamboo powder obtained in the step S2, and putting the carboxymethylated bamboo powder into a drying oven to be dried completely;
and S4, carrying out hot pressing treatment on the dried bamboo powder in the step S3 to obtain the bamboo powder metal ion composite material.
2. The preparation method of the bamboo powder metal ion composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S1, the bamboo powder is 80-100 mesh, the concentration of the acetic acid aqueous solution is 7wt%, and the ratio of the bamboo powder to the acetic acid aqueous solution is 1.
3. The preparation method of the bamboo powder metal ion composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S1, the amount of the grinding balls is 800-1000 grinding balls per 1kg of bamboo powder, the grain size of the grinding balls for ball milling is 2-3cm, the ball milling temperature is 125-135 ℃, the ball milling time is 5-6h, and the ball milling speed is 300-380rpm.
4. The preparation method of the bamboo powder metal ion composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the mass ratio of the air-dried bamboo powder to the sodium chloroacetate is 9-10.
5. The method for preparing bamboo powder metal ion composite material according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 37.5wt%.
6. The method for preparing bamboo powder metal ion composite material according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the feed-to-liquid ratio of the air-dried bamboo powder to the sodium hydroxide solution is 1.
7. The method for preparing bamboo powder metal ion composite material according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the ethanol is anhydrous ethanol with a concentration of 80 wt%.
8. The method for preparing bamboo powder metal ion composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S3, the metal ion solution is a solution containing calcium ions, copper ions or magnesium ions, the concentration of the metal ion solution is 10wt%, and the addition amount of the metal ions is 10% of the mass of the bamboo powder.
9. The preparation method of the bamboo powder metal ion composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step S4, the temperature of the hot pressing is controlled to be 165-170 ℃, the hot pressing pressure is controlled to be 25MPa, and the hot pressing time is controlled to be 1h.
10. The use of the bamboo powder metal ion composite material prepared by the preparation method of claim 1 in household products.
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