CN111531673B - Preparation method of long-acting antibacterial bamboo outdoor wallboard - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of a long-acting antibacterial bamboo outdoor wallboard, which comprises the following steps: crushing residues after bamboo bundle carbonization, adding deionized water, taking an upper carbonized thin-walled tissue, washing, filtering, drying, crushing and sieving to obtain carbonized particles, adding an ammonia water solution for modification to obtain a modified carbonized bamboo thin-walled tissue, adding a chitosan water solution, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol, a silver ion water solution and deionized water for heating, keeping the temperature, washing and drying to obtain nano-silver loaded bamboo charcoal particles, dispersing the nano-silver loaded bamboo charcoal particles in a water-soluble phenolic resin solution to obtain a water-soluble phenolic resin glue solution, and impregnating a bamboo bundle A to obtain a bamboo bundle material A; and (3) impregnating the bamboo bundle B with a water-soluble phenolic resin solution to obtain a bamboo bundle material B, sequentially paving the bamboo bundle material A, the bamboo bundle material B and the bamboo bundle material A from bottom to top, and carrying out hot pressing to obtain the long-acting antibacterial bamboo outdoor wallboard. The nano-silver loaded bamboo charcoal particles have high nano-silver ion loading amount, lasting antibacterial effect and high bending strength.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of composite boards, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a long-acting antibacterial bamboo outdoor wallboard.
Background
The outdoor recombined bamboo is a bamboo outdoor material which is prepared by utilizing carbonized bamboo bundles to carry out hot press molding and has excellent mechanical property and mildew-proof and corrosion-proof properties, and is widely used for outdoor floors, outdoor wall decoration materials, outdoor railings, outdoor fences, outdoor leisure furniture, building structure materials and the like. When outdoor recombined bamboos are used as outdoor wallboards, the antibacterial performance of the outdoor recombined bamboos is poor, so that the outdoor wallboard is limited in the using process, and the problem needs to be solved urgently. In addition, the bamboo material mainly comprises a basic structure and a vascular bundle, wherein the basic structure of the bamboo material is mainly parenchyma cells, and after the bamboo bundle is carbonized, because the brittleness of the parenchyma cells of the bamboo material is increased and the strength of the parenchyma cells is reduced, a large number of parenchyma cells are separated from the bamboo bundle and are treated as residues, so that the waste of resources is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a preparation method of a long-acting antibacterial bamboo outdoor wallboard aiming at the defects of the prior art, wherein the nano silver ion loading amount of the nano silver loaded bamboo charcoal particles in the method is high and can reach 11% -16%, the antibacterial effect is durable, no bacterial colony exists in the service period of 10-13 years, and the bending strength is high and can reach 131-140 MPa.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a preparation method of a long-acting antibacterial bamboo outdoor wallboard comprises the following steps:
s1, modification treatment of carbonized bamboo thin-walled tissues: crushing residues obtained after carbonization of bamboo bundles, adding deionized water, stirring for 1-2 h under the water bath condition at the temperature of 40-50 ℃, then performing static flotation, taking the carbonized thin-walled tissue on the upper layer, washing, filtering, drying, crushing and sieving to obtain carbonized particles, then adding an ammonia water solution with the mass fraction of 25-30%, mixing and stirring for 1-2 h under the condition of the rotating speed of 1000-2000 r/min, reacting for 2h in a reaction kettle at the temperature of 210 ℃, naturally cooling to room temperature, centrifuging the obtained product for multiple times under the condition of the rotating speed of 5000-6000 r/min, repeatedly washing the combined precipitate with deionized water, and then performing vacuum drying for 12h to obtain a modified carbonized bamboo thin-walled tissue;
s2, preparing nano-silver loaded bamboo charcoal particles: and (2) mixing the modified carbonized bamboo thin-wall tissue obtained in the step (S1), a chitosan aqueous solution, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol, a silver ion aqueous solution and deionized water according to a mass ratio of 20: (15-25): (3-6): (4-6): (2-3): (50-60), uniformly mixing and stirring, standing in the dark for 60-70 min, adjusting the pH value to 4.2-4.8, heating to 70-80 ℃, reacting for 1-2.5 h in a heat preservation manner, washing the obtained product with deionized water until the filtrate does not contain silver ions, and then drying in vacuum to obtain nano-silver loaded bamboo charcoal particles; the mass fraction of chitosan in the chitosan aqueous solution and the mass fraction of silver ions in the silver ion aqueous solution are both 1%;
s3, preparing the long-acting antibacterial bamboo outdoor wallboard: dispersing the nano-silver loaded bamboo charcoal particles obtained in the step S2 in a water-soluble phenolic resin solution with the solid content of 55-60% to obtain a water-soluble phenolic resin glue solution, and impregnating the bamboo bundles A with the obtained water-soluble phenolic resin glue solution to obtain a bamboo bundle material A; and (3) impregnating the bamboo bundle B with a water-soluble phenolic resin solution with the solid content of 55-60% to obtain a bamboo bundle material B, then paving the bamboo bundle material A, the bamboo bundle material B and the bamboo bundle material A in sequence from bottom to top by adopting a laminated paving method, and carrying out hot pressing to obtain the long-acting antibacterial bamboo outdoor wallboard.
Preferably, the mesh size of the screen in S1 is 100-200 meshes.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the carbonized particles to the aqueous ammonia solution in S1 is 1: (10-15).
Preferably, the reaction kettle in S1 is a stainless steel reaction kettle lined with polytetrafluoroethylene.
Preferably, the silver ion aqueous solution in S2 is a silver nitrate aqueous solution.
Preferably, the water content of the nano-silver loaded bamboo charcoal particles in S2 is less than 5%.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the nano-silver loaded bamboo charcoal particles to the water-soluble phenolic resin solution with the solid content of 55-60% in the water-soluble phenolic resin glue solution in S3 is 1: (15-20).
Preferably, the mass ratio of the bamboo bundle A to the water-soluble phenolic resin glue solution in the S3 is 100: 17.5; the mass ratio of the bamboo bundle B to the water-soluble phenolic resin solution with the solid content of 55-60% is 100: 16.
Preferably, the process conditions of the hot pressing in S3 are: the hot pressing pressure is 4.5 MPa-6.5 MPa, the hot pressing temperature is 155-165 ℃, and the hot pressing speed is 0.9 min/mm-1.2 min/mm.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the bamboo bundle material A, the bamboo bundle material B and the bamboo bundle material A paved in the S3 from bottom to top is (15-25): (50-60): (20-25).
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the preparation method comprises the steps of separating carbonized thin-walled tissues from bamboo bundle carbonization residues, drying and crushing the carbonized thin-walled tissues to obtain carbonized particles, modifying the carbonized particles by using an ammonia water solution to improve the polarity of the carbonized particles to obtain modified carbonized bamboo thin-walled tissues, loading the modified carbonized bamboo thin-walled tissues by using silver ions, increasing the stability of silver ion loading by using chitosan in the loading process, increasing the adhesion rate of silver ions by using polyvinylpyrrolidone, increasing the compatibility of the silver ions and the modified carbonized bamboo thin-walled tissues by using polyvinyl alcohol, improving the dispersion performance of the nano-silver loaded bamboo charcoal particles in a water-soluble phenolic resin solution to uniformly disperse the nano-silver loaded bamboo charcoal particles, soaking the water-soluble phenolic resin glue solution by using bamboo bundles to improve the loading capacity of the silver ions and improve the antibacterial effect of the finally prepared antibacterial bamboo outdoor wallboard with long-lasting effect, and separating the carbonized bamboo bundle thin-walled tissues from the bamboo bundle carbonization residues in the water-soluble phenolic resin glue solution The bamboo bundles are impregnated by the water-soluble phenolic resin glue solution and attached to the surfaces of the bamboo bundles, so that the bending strength of the finally prepared long-acting antibacterial bamboo outdoor wallboard can be increased, and the reutilization of carbonization residues of the bamboo bundles is realized.
2. The nano-silver ion load of the nano-silver loaded bamboo charcoal particles in the long-acting antibacterial bamboo outdoor wallboard prepared by the invention is high and can reach 11% -16%, the antibacterial effect is durable, no bacterial colony can be realized in the use period of 10-13 years, and the bending strength is high and can reach 131-140 MPa.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The preparation method of the long-acting antibacterial bamboo outdoor wallboard comprises the following steps:
s1, modification treatment of carbonized bamboo thin-walled tissues: crushing residues obtained after carbonization of bamboo bundles, adding deionized water, stirring for 1.5 hours under the water bath condition at the temperature of 40 ℃, statically floating, taking the carbonized thin-walled tissue on the upper layer, washing, filtering, drying, crushing, sieving with a 100-mesh sieve to obtain carbonized particles, adding an ammonia water solution with the mass fraction of 30%, mixing and stirring for 1 hour under the condition of the rotating speed of 1000r/min, reacting for 2 hours in a stainless steel reaction kettle with the temperature of 210 ℃ and a polytetrafluoroethylene lining, naturally cooling to room temperature, centrifuging the obtained product for 15 minutes under the condition of the rotating speed of 5500r/min, centrifuging for 3 times in total, washing the combined precipitate for 3 times with deionized water, and then vacuum drying for 12 hours to obtain the modified carbonized bamboo thin-walled tissue; the mass ratio of the carbonized particles to the ammonia water solution with the mass fraction of 30% is 1: 10;
s2, preparing nano-silver loaded bamboo charcoal particles: and (2) mixing the modified carbonized bamboo thin-wall tissue obtained in the step (S1), a chitosan aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 1%, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol, a silver nitrate aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 1% and deionized water according to the mass ratio of 20: 20: 5: 4: 2: 50, uniformly mixing and stirring, keeping out of the sun, standing for 65min, adjusting the pH value to 4.5, heating to 70 ℃, carrying out heat preservation reaction for 2h, washing the obtained product with deionized water until the filtrate does not contain silver ions, and then carrying out vacuum drying to obtain nano-silver loaded bamboo charcoal particles with the water content of less than 5%;
s3, preparing the long-acting antibacterial bamboo outdoor wallboard: dispersing the nano-silver loaded bamboo charcoal particles obtained in the step S2 in a water-soluble phenolic resin solution with the solid content of 55% to obtain a water-soluble phenolic resin glue solution, and impregnating the bamboo bundles A with the obtained water-soluble phenolic resin glue solution to obtain a bamboo bundle material A; impregnating the bamboo bundle B with a water-soluble phenolic resin solution with the solid content of 55% to obtain a bamboo bundle material B, and then sequentially paving the bamboo bundle material B from bottom to top by a lamination paving method with the mass ratio of 25: 50: 25, hot-pressing the bamboo bundle material A, the bamboo bundle material B and the bamboo bundle material A to obtain the long-acting antibacterial bamboo outdoor wallboard; the mass ratio of the nano-silver loaded bamboo charcoal particles to the water-soluble phenolic resin solution is 1: 15; the mass ratio of the bamboo bundle A to the water-soluble phenolic resin glue solution is 100: 17.5; the mass ratio of the bamboo bundle B to the water-soluble phenolic resin solution with the solid content of 55% is 100: 16; the hot pressing process conditions are as follows: the hot pressing pressure is 4.5MPa, the hot pressing temperature is 165 ℃, and the hot pressing speed is 1.2 min/mm.
The performance of the long-acting antibacterial bamboo outdoor wallboard prepared by the embodiment is as follows: the silver-carrying amount of the nano-silver-loaded bamboo charcoal particles is 13%, after the prepared long-acting antibacterial bamboo outdoor wallboard is subjected to hydrothermal accelerated aging treatment for 60 days, the number of growth points of each square meter of the board is not more than 3, the diameter of the bacterial colony point is less than 1mm, and the board can be ensured to be free of bacteria within the service life of 13 years. The bending strength of the plate is 135 MPa.
Example 2
The preparation method of the long-acting antibacterial bamboo outdoor wallboard comprises the following steps:
s1, modification treatment of carbonized bamboo thin-walled tissues: crushing residues obtained after carbonization of bamboo bundles, adding deionized water, stirring for 2 hours under the water bath condition at the temperature of 40 ℃, performing static flotation, taking the upper carbonized thin-walled tissue, washing, performing suction filtration and drying, crushing, sieving by a 200-mesh sieve to obtain carbonized particles, adding an ammonia water solution with the mass fraction of 25%, mixing and stirring for 2 hours under the condition of the rotating speed of 1000r/min, reacting for 2 hours in a stainless steel reaction kettle with the temperature of 210 ℃ and the lining of polytetrafluoroethylene, naturally cooling to room temperature, centrifuging the obtained product for 20 minutes under the condition of the rotating speed of 5000r/min, centrifuging for 3 times in total, washing the combined precipitate for 3 times by deionized water, and performing vacuum drying for 12 hours to obtain a modified carbonized bamboo thin-walled tissue; the mass ratio of the carbonized particles to the ammonia water solution is 1: 15;
s2, preparing nano-silver loaded bamboo charcoal particles: and (2) mixing the modified carbonized bamboo thin-wall tissue obtained in the step (S1), a chitosan aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 1%, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol, a silver nitrate aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 1% and deionized water according to the mass ratio of 20: 15: 6: 6: 3: 60, uniformly mixing and stirring, keeping out of the sun, standing for 60min, adjusting the pH value to 4.2, heating to 80 ℃, carrying out heat preservation reaction for 1h, washing the obtained product with deionized water until the filtrate does not contain silver ions, and then carrying out vacuum drying to obtain nano-silver loaded bamboo charcoal particles with the water content of less than 5%;
s3, preparing the long-acting antibacterial bamboo outdoor wallboard: dispersing the nano-silver loaded bamboo charcoal particles obtained in the step S2 in a water-soluble phenolic resin solution with the solid content of 60% to obtain a water-soluble phenolic resin glue solution, and impregnating the bamboo bundles A with the obtained water-soluble phenolic resin glue solution to obtain a bamboo bundle material A; impregnating the bamboo bundle B with a water-soluble phenolic resin solution with the solid content of 60% to obtain a bamboo bundle material B, and then sequentially paving the bamboo bundle material B from bottom to top by a laminated paving method according to the mass ratio of 20: 60: 20, hot-pressing the bamboo bundle material A, the bamboo bundle material B and the bamboo bundle material A to obtain the long-acting antibacterial bamboo outdoor wallboard; the mass ratio of the nano-silver loaded bamboo charcoal particles to the water-soluble phenolic resin solution is 1: 20; the mass ratio of the bamboo bundle A to the water-soluble phenolic resin glue solution is 100: 17.5; the mass ratio of the bamboo bundle B to the water-soluble phenolic resin solution with the solid content of 60% is 100: 16; the hot pressing process conditions are as follows: the hot pressing pressure is 5.5MPa, the hot pressing temperature is 160 ℃, and the hot pressing speed is 0.9 min/mm.
The performance of the long-acting antibacterial bamboo outdoor wallboard prepared by the embodiment is as follows: the silver loading amount of the nano-silver loaded bamboo charcoal particles is 16%, after the prepared long-acting antibacterial bamboo outdoor wallboard is subjected to hydrothermal accelerated aging treatment for 60 days, the number of growth points of each square meter of the board is not more than 5, the diameter of the colony point is less than 1mm, and the board can be ensured to be free of bacterial colony within the service life of 10 years. The bending strength of the plate is 140 MPa.
Example 3
The preparation method of the long-acting antibacterial bamboo outdoor wallboard comprises the following steps:
s1, modification treatment of carbonized bamboo thin-walled tissues: crushing residues obtained after carbonization of bamboo bundles, adding deionized water, stirring for 1h under the water bath condition at the temperature of 50 ℃, standing for flotation, taking the upper carbonized thin-walled tissue, washing, filtering, drying, crushing, sieving with a 150-mesh sieve to obtain carbonized particles, adding an ammonia water solution with the mass fraction of 30%, mixing and stirring for 1h under the condition of the rotating speed of 2000r/min, reacting for 2h in a stainless steel reaction kettle with the temperature of 210 ℃ and the lining of polytetrafluoroethylene, naturally cooling to room temperature, centrifuging the obtained product for 10min under the condition of the rotating speed of 6000r/min, centrifuging for 4 times in total, washing the combined precipitate for 4 times with deionized water, and then vacuum drying for 12h to obtain the modified carbonized bamboo thin-walled tissue; the mass ratio of the carbonized particles to the ammonia water solution with the mass fraction of 30% is 1: 10;
s2, preparing nano-silver loaded bamboo charcoal particles: and (2) mixing the modified carbonized bamboo thin-wall tissue obtained in the step (S1), a chitosan aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 1%, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol, a silver nitrate aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 1% and deionized water according to the mass ratio of 20: 25: 3: 5: 3: 50, uniformly mixing and stirring, keeping out of the sun, standing for 70min, adjusting the pH value to 4.8, heating to 70 ℃, carrying out heat preservation reaction for 2.5h, washing the obtained product with deionized water until the filtrate does not contain silver ions, and then carrying out vacuum drying to obtain nano-silver loaded bamboo charcoal particles with the water content of less than 5%;
s3, preparing the long-acting antibacterial bamboo outdoor wallboard: dispersing the nano-silver loaded bamboo charcoal particles obtained in the step S2 in a water-soluble phenolic resin solution with the solid content of 55% to obtain a water-soluble phenolic resin glue solution, and impregnating the bamboo bundles A with the obtained water-soluble phenolic resin glue solution to obtain a bamboo bundle material A; impregnating the bamboo bundle B with a water-soluble phenolic resin solution with the solid content of 55% to obtain a bamboo bundle material B, and then sequentially paving the bamboo bundle material B by a lamination paving method from bottom to top according to the mass ratio of 15: 60: 25, hot-pressing the bamboo bundle material A, the bamboo bundle material B and the bamboo bundle material A to obtain the long-acting antibacterial bamboo outdoor wallboard; the mass ratio of the nano-silver loaded bamboo charcoal particles to the water-soluble phenolic resin solution is 1: 15; the mass ratio of the bamboo bundle A to the water-soluble phenolic resin glue solution is 100: 17.5; the mass ratio of the bamboo bundle B to the water-soluble phenolic resin solution with the solid content of 55% is 100: 16; the hot pressing process conditions are as follows: the hot pressing pressure is 6.5MPa, the hot pressing temperature is 155 ℃, and the hot pressing speed is 1.06 min/mm.
The performance of the long-acting antibacterial bamboo outdoor wallboard prepared by the embodiment is as follows: the silver-carrying amount of the nano-silver-loaded bamboo charcoal particles is 11%, after the prepared long-acting antibacterial bamboo outdoor wallboard is subjected to hydrothermal accelerated aging treatment for 60 days, the number of growth points of each square meter of the board is not more than 3, the diameter of the bacterial colony point is less than 1mm, and the board can be ensured to be free from bacterial colony within the service life of 10 years. The bending strength of the plate is 131 MPa.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modification, change and equivalent changes of the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the invention are still within the protection scope of the technical solution of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A preparation method of a long-acting antibacterial bamboo outdoor wallboard is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, modification treatment of carbonized bamboo thin-walled tissues: crushing residues obtained after carbonization of bamboo bundles, adding deionized water, stirring for 1-2 h under the water bath condition at the temperature of 40-50 ℃, then performing static flotation, taking the carbonized thin-walled tissue on the upper layer, washing, filtering, drying, crushing and sieving to obtain carbonized particles, then adding an ammonia water solution with the mass fraction of 25-30%, mixing and stirring for 1-2 h under the condition of the rotating speed of 1000-2000 r/min, reacting for 2h in a reaction kettle at the temperature of 210 ℃, naturally cooling to room temperature, centrifuging the obtained product for multiple times under the condition of the rotating speed of 5000-6000 r/min, repeatedly washing the combined precipitate with deionized water, and then performing vacuum drying for 12h to obtain a modified carbonized bamboo thin-walled tissue; the mesh number sieved in the S1 is 100 meshes to 200 meshes;
s2, preparing nano-silver loaded bamboo charcoal particles: and (2) mixing the modified carbonized bamboo thin-wall tissue obtained in the step (S1), a chitosan aqueous solution, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol, a silver ion aqueous solution and deionized water according to a mass ratio of 20: (15-25): (3-6): (4-6): (2-3): (50-60), uniformly mixing and stirring, standing in the dark for 60-70 min, adjusting the pH value to 4.2-4.8, heating to 70-80 ℃, reacting for 1-2.5 h in a heat preservation manner, washing the obtained product with deionized water until the filtrate does not contain silver ions, and then drying in vacuum to obtain nano-silver loaded bamboo charcoal particles; the mass fraction of chitosan in the chitosan aqueous solution and the mass fraction of silver ions in the silver ion aqueous solution are both 1%;
s3, preparing the long-acting antibacterial bamboo outdoor wallboard: dispersing the nano-silver loaded bamboo charcoal particles obtained in the step S2 in a water-soluble phenolic resin solution with the solid content of 55-60% to obtain a water-soluble phenolic resin glue solution, and impregnating the bamboo bundles A with the obtained water-soluble phenolic resin glue solution to obtain a bamboo bundle material A; impregnating the bamboo bundle B with a water-soluble phenolic resin solution with the solid content of 55-60% to obtain a bamboo bundle material B, then paving the bamboo bundle material A, the bamboo bundle material B and the bamboo bundle material A in sequence from bottom to top by adopting a laminated paving method, and obtaining the long-acting antibacterial bamboo outdoor wallboard after hot pressing; the mass ratio of the nano-silver loaded bamboo charcoal particles to the water-soluble phenolic resin solution with the solid content of 55-60% in the water-soluble phenolic resin glue solution in S3 is 1: (15-20); the mass ratio of the bamboo bundle A to the water-soluble phenolic resin glue solution in the S3 is 100: 17.5; the mass ratio of the bamboo bundle B to the water-soluble phenolic resin solution with the solid content of 55-60% is 100: 16; the bamboo bundle material A, the bamboo bundle material B and the bamboo bundle material A sequentially paved from bottom to top in the S3 have the mass ratio of (15-25): (50-60): (20-25).
2. The preparation method of the long-acting bacteriostatic bamboo outdoor wallboard according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the carbonized particles to the ammonia water solution in S1 is 1: (10-15).
3. The preparation method of the long-acting bacteriostatic bamboo outdoor wallboard according to claim 1, wherein the reaction kettle in S1 is a stainless steel reaction kettle lined with polytetrafluoroethylene.
4. The method for preparing a long-acting bacteriostatic bamboo outdoor wallboard according to claim 1, wherein the silver ion aqueous solution in S2 is silver nitrate aqueous solution.
5. The preparation method of the long-acting antibacterial bamboo outdoor wallboard according to claim 1, wherein the water content of the nano-silver loaded bamboo charcoal particles in S2 is less than 5%.
6. The preparation method of the long-acting bacteriostatic bamboo outdoor wallboard according to claim 1, characterized in that the hot pressing conditions in S3 are as follows: the hot pressing pressure is 4.5 MPa-6.5 MPa, the hot pressing temperature is 155-165 ℃, and the hot pressing speed is 0.9 min/mm-1.2 min/mm.
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