CN115517366B - A spirulina tablet for shortening disintegration time and relieving beta-carotene attenuation, and its preparation method - Google Patents

A spirulina tablet for shortening disintegration time and relieving beta-carotene attenuation, and its preparation method Download PDF

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CN115517366B
CN115517366B CN202211360263.4A CN202211360263A CN115517366B CN 115517366 B CN115517366 B CN 115517366B CN 202211360263 A CN202211360263 A CN 202211360263A CN 115517366 B CN115517366 B CN 115517366B
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tablet
spirulina
parts
polyethylene glycol
disintegration time
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CN115517366A (en
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叱浩
曹满
董国玲
徐伟
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Baojian Beijing Biological Technology Co ltd
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Baojian Beijing Biological Technology Co ltd
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K35/00—Medicinal preparations containing materials or reaction products thereof with undetermined constitution
    • A61K35/66—Microorganisms or materials therefrom
    • A61K35/74—Bacteria
    • A61K35/748—Cyanobacteria, i.e. blue-green bacteria or blue-green algae, e.g. spirulina
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
    • A23L33/135—Bacteria or derivatives thereof, e.g. probiotics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23P—SHAPING OR WORKING OF FOODSTUFFS, NOT FULLY COVERED BY A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS
    • A23P10/00—Shaping or working of foodstuffs characterised by the products
    • A23P10/20—Agglomerating; Granulating; Tabletting
    • A23P10/28—Tabletting; Making food bars by compression of a dry powdered mixture
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/20—Pills, tablets, discs, rods
    • A61K9/2072—Pills, tablets, discs, rods characterised by shape, structure or size; Tablets with holes, special break lines or identification marks; Partially coated tablets; Disintegrating flat shaped forms
    • A61K9/2077—Tablets comprising drug-containing microparticles in a substantial amount of supporting matrix; Multiparticulate tablets
    • A61K9/2081—Tablets comprising drug-containing microparticles in a substantial amount of supporting matrix; Multiparticulate tablets with microcapsules or coated microparticles according to A61K9/50
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P17/00—Drugs for dermatological disorders
    • A61P17/18—Antioxidants, e.g. antiradicals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
    • A61P3/06—Antihyperlipidemics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
    • A61P37/02—Immunomodulators
    • A61P37/04—Immunostimulants
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P39/00—General protective or antinoxious agents
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P39/00—General protective or antinoxious agents
    • A61P39/06—Free radical scavengers or antioxidants
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
    • A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs

Abstract

The invention provides a spirulina tablet for shortening disintegration time limit and slowing down beta-carotene attenuation and a preparation method thereof. The spirulina tablet comprises the following components in parts by weight: 80-91 parts of spirulina; 3-8 parts of a diluent; 0.21-0.52 parts of antioxidant; 1-3 parts of disintegrating agent; 0.3-0.5 part of surfactant; 2-3 parts of coating agent; 1-2 parts of pore-forming agent; 1-2 parts of glidant; 0.5-1 part of absorbent. The spirulina tablet is prepared by spraying inclusion and low-temperature drying technology in the process under the action of components such as a diluent, an antioxidant, a disintegrating agent, a surfactant, a pore-forming agent and the like, so that the obtained tablet has the characteristics of short disintegration time, good tablet integrity, low attenuation of marked nutritional components and the like, and has a guiding significance for the wide use of natural raw materials such as algae and the like in the fields of special foods, medicines and the like.

Description

A spirulina tablet for shortening disintegration time and relieving beta-carotene attenuation, and its preparation method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of special food and medicine processing methods, and particularly relates to a spirulina tablet for shortening disintegration time limit and slowing down beta-carotene attenuation and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Spirulina is an ancient class of lower prokaryotic single-or multicellular aquatic plants belonging to the genera cyanobacteria, scintillales, oscillatoriaceae, spirulina. The spirulina has a length of 200-500 μm and a width of 5-10 μm, and is spiral blue-green. In original mexico and in alkaline lakes at first glance, it was consumed by local residents very early. Spirulina is the most nutritious and balanced natural nutritional food found so far. Spirulina is regarded as a miniature nutrition warehouse by modern science, and is rich in high-quality proteins, fatty acids of gamma-linolenic acid, carotenoid and vitamins, and various trace elements such as iron, iodine, selenium, zinc and the like. Modern researches have shown that spirulina has the biological activities of reducing blood fat, resisting oxidation, resisting infection, resisting canceration, resisting radiation and aging, enhancing immunity of organisms and the like.
The species spirulina are used by humans for mass production as "spirulina platensis" and "spirulina maxima". In the field of special foods, spirulina is generally processed into tablets, granules or solid beverages, hard capsules and the like. Because the spirulina belongs to aquatic products and has special fishy smell, the processed spirulina has poor mouthfeel when being granular or solid beverage; meanwhile, spirulina protein content is high, so that solubility is poor, and disintegration time of the processed spirulina into tablets with certain hardness and hard capsules is generally out of regulation. The preparation method is one of the problems to be solved in the industry, especially when the spirulina content is higher than 80%, the tablet is poor in molding, the tablet hardness and friability are unstable, and the disintegration time is long. Meanwhile, the disintegration time limit detection is carried out according to the method of Chinese pharmacopoeia, under the condition that the formulation and the process method are different, the larger the tablet weight specification is, the longer the disintegration time limit is, and the tablet weight specification in the field of health care products is generally larger than the medicine, so that the disintegration time limit of the tablet exceeds the standard, and the problem that the tablet weight specification is more than or equal to 1.0 g/tablet disintegration time limit exceeds is outstanding. Meanwhile, special food marker components taking spirulina as a raw material generally select carotenoid, beta-carotene, phycocyanin, iron, selenium and the like. Although natural spirulina contains rich nutrients, often the marker components will decay over time during shelf life. This is also one of the problems that the industry is urgent to solve.
Therefore, it is needed to provide a large-sized heavy spirulina tablet with short disintegration time, and meanwhile, the attenuation of beta-carotene in spirulina can be slowed down so as to prepare qualified spirulina products, thereby solving the application and popularization of spirulina in the fields of special foods and medicines.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems of the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a spirulina tablet which shortens the disintegration time and slows down the attenuation of beta-carotene. The spirulina tablet contains spirulina raw materials, a diluent, an antioxidant, a disintegrating agent, a surfactant, a pore-forming agent and other components, and is matched with spray inclusion and low-temperature drying technology, so that the spirulina tablet has the characteristics of short disintegration time, good tablet integrity, low attenuation of marked nutritional components and the like, and has a certain guiding significance for the wide use of natural raw materials such as algae in the fields of special foods, medicines and the like.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a method for preparing the spirulina tablet as described above.
In order to achieve the first object, the present invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the invention discloses a spirulina tablet for shortening disintegration time limit and slowing down beta-carotene attenuation, which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
80-91 parts of spirulina;
3-8 parts of a diluent;
0.21-0.52 parts of antioxidant;
1-3 parts of disintegrating agent;
0.3-0.5 part of surfactant;
2-3 parts of coating agent;
1-2 parts of pore-forming agent;
1-2 parts of glidant;
0.5-1 part of absorbent.
Aiming at the problems of overrun of disintegration time limit, serious loss of marked nutrient components, poor stability, low tablet hardness, poor tablet integrity and the like of the large-tablet heavy spirulina tablet in the prior art, a formula of the spirulina tablet for shortening the disintegration time limit and slowing down the attenuation of beta-carotene and a novel process route for preparing the spirulina tablet are developed, and the attenuation of vitamin nutrient components such as beta-carotene can be obviously reduced by forming the encapsulation of the spirulina particles by the antioxidant through the introduction of water-soluble antioxidant and fat-soluble antioxidant, the application of a microparticle spray inclusion technology and a low-temperature drying technology. The application of the microparticle spray inclusion of the pore-forming agent (such as polyethylene glycol 4000) and the surfactant (such as polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate) and the low-temperature drying technology form the package of the pore-forming agent and the surfactant on the spirulina microparticles, and the spirulina microparticles are rapidly dissolved to form fine pore channels after meeting water, so that the moisture infiltration is accelerated, the tablet disintegration is promoted, the hydrophobic effect of the spirulina preparation is reduced, the wetting is accelerated, and the disintegration time limit is shortened. The phenomenon that the tablet forms a hydrophobic film and is not easy to disintegrate after the hydrophobic lubricant such as magnesium stearate is used is avoided by the disintegration effect of the disintegrating agent and the hydrophilic effect of the surfactant and the auxiliary use of the pore-forming agent as the hydrophilic lubricant and the glidant. Under proper formulation and process control, not only the large-sized heavy spirulina tablet with short disintegration time limit is obtained, but also the marked nutritional ingredients are well reserved, the attenuation of the ingredients such as beta-carotene is reduced, and the promotion and the application of the spirulina tablet are facilitated.
In the invention, the preparation of the large spirulina tablet with weight, spirulina chin higher than 80% is aimed at, the tablet has problems in disintegration time limit and also has outstanding problems in forming, hardness and brittleness, and the problems to be solved in industry are urgent need, wherein the tablet weight specification of the spirulina tablet is more than or equal to 1.0 g/tablet, and the tablet hardness is more than or equal to 50N; in a specific embodiment, the spirulina tablet has a tablet weight of 1.0 g/tablet and a tablet hardness of 50-75N.
Further, the spirulina is selected from one or more combinations of beta-carotene rich spirulina platensis powder or spirulina maxima powder.
Further, the diluents include, but are not limited to, one or more combinations of maltodextrin, starch, dextrin, lactose; in a specific embodiment, the diluent is selected from maltodextrin, aiming at using its good compressibility and higher glass transition temperature, the rigidity of the molecular chain is higher, and the tablet forming can be increased, and the hardness and friability can be improved.
Further, the antioxidants include, but are not limited to, water-soluble antioxidants and/or lipid-soluble antioxidants; preferably, the antioxidant includes 0.01 to 0.02 parts of a water-soluble antioxidant and 0.2 to 0.5 parts of a fat-soluble antioxidant.
Further, the water-soluble antioxidants include, but are not limited to, one or more combinations of L-ascorbic acid, calcium L-ascorbate, sodium L-ascorbate, D-erythorbic acid, sodium D-erythorbate; in a specific embodiment, the water-soluble antioxidant is selected from sodium L-ascorbate, which is a water-soluble antioxidant, and is soluble in the adsorbed water inside the spirulina, thereby protecting the attenuation of vitamin components, particularly water-soluble vitamin components.
Further, the fat-soluble antioxidants include, but are not limited to, one or a combination of two of vitamin E, phospholipids; in a specific embodiment, the fat-soluble antioxidant is selected from vitamin E, and is aimed at providing vitamin E as fat-soluble vitamin, which has the function of protecting lipid from oxidation, and adopting processing aid such as dissolved in ethanol, etc., the microparticle spray inclusion and low-temperature drying can make vitamin E uniformly encapsulate spirulina microparticles, so that the internal components can be slowed down and attenuated.
Further, the disintegrants include, but are not limited to, one or more combinations of sodium carboxymethyl starch, croscarmellose sodium, and cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone. In a specific embodiment, sodium carboxymethyl starch is selected as a disintegrant, and the purpose of the sodium carboxymethyl starch is to have good hydrophilicity, water absorption and expansibility, and to expand by 200-300 times of the volume of the sodium carboxymethyl starch per se, so as to accelerate the disintegration time limit of the tablet.
Further, the surfactant includes, but is not limited to, one or a combination of two of polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate, sodium dodecyl sulfate. In a specific embodiment, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate is selected as surfactant or auxiliary disintegrating agent for the purpose of having surfactant action, reducing hydrophobic effect of spirulina preparation, accelerating wetting, thereby shortening disintegration time.
Further, the porogen includes, but is not limited to, one or more of polyethylene glycol 4000, polyethylene glycol 6000, magnesium dodecyl sulfate, sodium dodecyl sulfate; in a specific embodiment, polyethylene glycol 4000 is selected as a lubricant or inclusion-matrix pore-forming agent, in order to achieve both water solubility and lubrication of polyethylene glycol 4000 and to prevent delay in disintegration time due to hydrophobic lubricants such as magnesium stearate. Furthermore, polyethylene glycol 4000 is coated with the raw materials by spraying, and is rapidly dissolved to form a tablet pore canal after meeting water, so that water rapidly enters the tablet, and the disintegration time of the tablet is accelerated.
Further, the glidants include, but are not limited to, one or more combinations of silicon dioxide, talc; in a specific embodiment, silica is selected as the glidant for the purpose of the silica to aid in the flow and to provide anti-caking properties, and to prevent exposure of the particles to moisture while ensuring flowability of the particles.
Further, the absorbent includes, but is not limited to, one or more of calcium hydrogen phosphate, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, and calcium carbonate. In a specific embodiment, anhydrous calcium hydrogen phosphate is selected as an absorbent, and the purpose is that the calcium hydrogen phosphate has certain roughness, good compressibility and certain adsorption effect, and the oil component in the raw material is ensured to be adsorbed, so that the tablet forming is not influenced.
Further, the coating agent includes, but is not limited to, one or a combination of two of polyvinyl alcohol or polyethylene glycol. In a specific embodiment, a combination of polyvinyl alcohol and polyethylene glycol is selected as the coating agent or coating powder, aiming at the purpose that the polyvinyl alcohol and polyethylene glycol-supported coating agent not only has the function of a spacer core, but also has the function of pore forming when meeting water, and accelerates the disintegration time limit of the tablet.
In order to achieve the second object, the present invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the invention discloses a method for preparing a spirulina tablet, which comprises the following steps:
sieving spirulina, diluent and absorbent, adding into a high-speed wet mixing granulator, mixing, spraying and clathrating the mixture with antioxidant, drying, and further spraying and clathrating with pore-forming agent and surfactant to form microcapsule;
mixing the microcapsule, disintegrating agent and glidant, tabletting, and coating to obtain spirulina tablet.
Further, the preparation method of the spirulina tablet comprises the following specific steps:
1) Sieving spirulina material, diluent and absorbent with 40 mesh sieve, adding into high-speed wet mixing granulator, mixing for 10 min, rotating main cutter at 100-200 r, and cutting knife at 1000-2000 r.
2) Extracting the mixed material into a boiling drying granulator by using a negative pressure linkage line, controlling the frequency of a fan to be 30-45Hz, the pressure of a spray gun to be 0.25-0.4Mpa, controlling the flow to be 50-100ml/s, dissolving the water-soluble antioxidant in purified water (1 g:2-5 ml), fully dissolving, slowly spraying and adding, so that the water-soluble antioxidant uniformly covers the surfaces of raw material particles, and starting the spray inclusion process to dry at a low temperature of 30-40 ℃.
3) Dissolving fat-soluble vitamins in 95% ethanol (1 g:3-5 ml), stirring thoroughly for dissolving, controlling blower frequency at 30-45Hz, spray gun pressure at 0.25Mpa-0.4Mpa, controlling flow rate at 50-100ml/s, slowly spraying, to make fat-soluble vitamins uniformly clathrate the surface of the raw material particles, and drying at 30-40deg.C.
4) Dissolving the pore-forming agent and the surfactant in purified water (1 g:2-5 ml), fully dissolving, controlling the fan frequency to be 30-45Hz, the spray gun pressure to be 0.25Mpa-0.4Mpa, controlling the flow to be 50-100ml/s, slowly spraying, enabling the pore-forming agent and the surfactant to uniformly wrap the surfaces of the raw material particles to form microcapsules, starting the spraying inclusion process, drying at a low temperature of 30-40 ℃, and determining that the final moisture is less than or equal to 8%. Controlling the median particle diameter of the microcapsule to be 60-80 meshes.
5) Finally, the included microcapsule particles, the disintegrating agent and the glidant are added into a conical mixer or a three-dimensional mixer to be mixed for 30-40 minutes, the rotating speed of the mixer is 8-12 revolutions per minute, and the mixture is tabletted by a rotary high-speed tablet press.
6) Coating plain tablet, wherein coating powder (polyvinyl alcohol and polyethylene glycol) is dissolved in 50% ethanol, a coating machine is preheated to 40 ℃, a tablet bed is not preheated, low-flow spray coating is controlled, the temperature of the tablet bed is synchronously increased, the air inlet temperature is 40-60 ℃, and the temperature of the tablet bed is kept at 38-42 ℃; the air exhaust is 2000-2900 rpm, and the air intake is 1000-1200 rpm; negative pressure in the pot is-50+ -5 Mpa; the spray gun is 30cm away from the tablet bed, the rotating speed of the coating pot is 2-6 revolutions per minute, the atomization/spray gun/flattening pressure is set to be 0.2-0.4 Mpa, and the peristaltic pump is 20-60 revolutions per minute. The final product is obtained, the tablet weight is controlled to be 1 g+/-5 percent per tablet, and the tablet hardness is 50-75N.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a spirulina tablet for shortening disintegration time limit and slowing down beta-carotene attenuation and a preparation method thereof. Aiming at the problems of overrun of disintegration time limit, serious loss of marked nutrient components, poor stability, low tablet hardness, poor tablet integrity and the like of the large-tablet heavy spirulina tablet in the prior art, a formula of the spirulina tablet for shortening the disintegration time limit and slowing down the attenuation of beta-carotene and a novel process route for preparing the spirulina tablet are developed, and the attenuation of vitamin nutrient components such as beta-carotene can be obviously reduced by forming the encapsulation of the spirulina particles by the antioxidant through the introduction of water-soluble antioxidant and fat-soluble antioxidant, the application of a microparticle spray inclusion technology and a low-temperature drying technology. The application of the microparticle spray inclusion of the pore-forming agent (such as polyethylene glycol 4000) and the surfactant (such as polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate) and the low-temperature drying technology form the package of the pore-forming agent and the surfactant on the spirulina microparticles, and the spirulina microparticles are rapidly dissolved to form fine pore channels after meeting water, so that the moisture infiltration is accelerated, the tablet disintegration is promoted, the hydrophobic effect of the spirulina preparation is reduced, the wetting is accelerated, and the disintegration time limit is shortened. The phenomenon that the tablet forms a hydrophobic film and is not easy to disintegrate after the hydrophobic lubricant such as magnesium stearate is used is avoided by the disintegration effect of the disintegrating agent and the hydrophilic effect of the surfactant and the auxiliary use of the pore-forming agent as the hydrophilic lubricant and the glidant. Under proper formulation and process control, not only the large-sized heavy spirulina tablet with short disintegration time limit is obtained, but also the marked nutritional ingredients are well reserved, the attenuation of the ingredients such as beta-carotene is reduced, and the promotion and the application of the spirulina tablet are facilitated.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the present invention, the present invention will be further described with reference to preferred embodiments. It should be understood that the described embodiments are merely some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the invention, the raw materials shown in table 1 are adopted for preparation, examples 1-9 are the adjustment process of the spirulina tablet formulation and the preparation process in the experimental stage, and the specific formulation and the preparation process are as follows:
TABLE 1
Spirulina species Spirulina platensis powder
Diluent agent Maltodextrin
Antioxidant agent L-sodium ascorbate, vitamin E
Disintegrating agent Sodium carboxymethyl starch
Surface active agent Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate
Coating agent Polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol
Pore-forming agent Polyethylene glycol 4000
Glidant Silica dioxide
Absorbent agent Anhydrous calcium hydrogen phosphate
Example 1:
the raw materials are as follows according to mass fraction:
98% of spirulina platensis powder, 1% of magnesium stearate and 1% of silicon dioxide.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
the spirulina powder, magnesium stearate and silicon dioxide were sieved with a 40 mesh sieve, mixed for 30 minutes by a three-dimensional motion mixer, and tableted by a rotary high-speed tablet press, and the obtained tablet data are shown in tables 2-3.
Example 2:
the raw materials are as follows according to mass fraction:
90% of spirulina platensis powder, 9% of maltodextrin and 1% of magnesium stearate.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
mixing spirulina material and maltodextrin with boiling granulator for 10 min, granulating with 1% maltodextrin to obtain 10% concentration slurry, drying at 30-40deg.C, granulating with 20 mesh, adding magnesium stearate, mixing for 30 min, and tabletting with rotary high speed tabletting machine to obtain tablet data shown in tables 2-3.
Example 3:
the raw materials are as follows according to mass fraction:
90% of spirulina platensis powder, 7% of maltodextrin, 2% of sodium carboxymethyl starch and 1% of magnesium stearate.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
mixing spirulina raw material and maltodextrin for 10 minutes by a boiling granulator, granulating by preparing 10% concentration slurry by 1% of maltodextrin, drying at 30-40 ℃, finishing granules by 20 meshes, adding magnesium stearate and sodium carboxymethyl starch, mixing for 30 minutes, tabletting by a rotary high-speed tablet press, and obtaining tablet data shown in tables 2-3.
Example 4:
the raw materials are as follows according to mass fraction:
90% of spirulina platensis powder, 6.5% of maltodextrin, 2% of sodium carboxymethyl starch, 4000% of polyethylene glycol, and 0.5% of polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
mixing spirulina raw materials, maltodextrin, polyethylene glycol 4000 and polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate for 10 minutes by a boiling granulator, preparing 10% concentration slurry by 1% maltodextrin, drying at 30-40 ℃, finishing granules of 20 meshes, adding sodium carboxymethyl starch, mixing for 30 minutes, and tabletting by a rotary high-speed tablet press, wherein the data of the obtained tablets are shown in tables 2-3.
Example 5:
the raw materials are as follows according to mass fraction:
90% of spirulina platensis powder, 6.5% of maltodextrin, 2% of sodium carboxymethyl starch, 4000% of polyethylene glycol, and 0.5% of polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
mixing spirulina raw material and maltodextrin for 10 minutes by a boiling granulator, preparing 10% concentration slurry by 1% of maltodextrin, dissolving polyethylene glycol 4000 and polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate in the slurry, slowly spraying and adding to uniformly clathrate the surfaces of polyethylene glycol 4000 and polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate on the raw material particles to form microcapsules, starting the spraying clathration process, drying at a low temperature of 30-40 ℃, finishing the particles by 20 meshes, adding sodium carboxymethyl starch, mixing for 30 minutes, and tabletting by a rotary high-speed tablet press, wherein the data of the obtained tablets are shown in tables 2-3.
Example 6:
the raw materials are as follows according to mass fraction:
87.5% of spirulina platensis powder, 6.5% of maltodextrin, 2% of sodium carboxymethyl starch, 4000.1% of polyethylene glycol, 0.5% of polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate, 0.5% of anhydrous calcium hydrophosphate and 2% of silicon dioxide.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
mixing spirulina raw materials, maltodextrin and anhydrous calcium hydrophosphate for 10 minutes by a boiling granulator, preparing 1% of maltodextrin into 10% concentration slurry, dissolving polyethylene glycol 4000 and polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate in the slurry, slowly spraying and adding to enable the polyethylene glycol 4000 and the polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate to uniformly wrap the surfaces of the raw material particles to form microcapsules, starting a spraying inclusion process, drying at a low temperature of 30-40 ℃, drying particles to obtain 20-mesh granules, adding sodium carboxymethyl starch and silicon dioxide, mixing for 30 minutes, and tabletting by a rotary high-speed tablet press, wherein the obtained tablet data are shown in tables 2-3.
Example 7:
the raw materials are as follows according to mass fraction:
87.28% of spirulina platensis powder, 6.5% of maltodextrin, 2% of sodium carboxymethyl starch, 1% of polyethylene glycol 4000, 0.5% of polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate, 0.2% of sodium L-ascorbate, 0.02% of vitamin E, 0.5% of anhydrous calcium hydrophosphate and 2% of silicon dioxide.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
mixing spirulina raw material, maltodextrin, anhydrous calcium hydrophosphate, vitamin E (DL-alpha-tocopherol succinate) and L-sodium ascorbate for 10 minutes by a boiling granulator, preparing 10% concentration slurry by 1% of maltodextrin, dissolving polyethylene glycol 4000 and polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate in the slurry, slowly spraying and adding, enabling polyethylene glycol 4000 and polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate to uniformly wrap the surfaces of raw material particles to form microcapsules, starting a spray inclusion process, drying at a low temperature of 30-40 ℃, finishing particles at 20 meshes, adding sodium carboxymethyl starch and silicon dioxide, mixing for 30 minutes, tabletting by a rotary high-speed tablet press, and obtaining tablet data shown in tables 2-3.
Example 8:
the raw materials are as follows according to mass fraction:
87.78% of spirulina platensis powder, 6% of maltodextrin, 2% of sodium carboxymethyl starch, 4000% of polyethylene glycol, 0.5% of polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate, 0.2% of L-sodium ascorbate, 0.02% of vitamin E, 0.5% of anhydrous calcium hydrophosphate and 2% of silicon dioxide.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
mixing spirulina raw material, maltodextrin, anhydrous calcium hydrophosphate and a high-speed wet mixing granulator for 10 minutes, wherein the rotation speed of a main cutter is 100 rpm, and the rotation speed of a cutter is 1000 rpm. Transferring into a boiling granulator, dissolving vitamin E with 95% ethanol to obtain slurry 1, dissolving L-sodium ascorbate with purified water to obtain slurry 2, slowly spraying, and drying at 30deg.C. 1% of maltodextrin is prepared into 10% concentration slurry, polyethylene glycol 4000 and polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate are dissolved in the slurry, slow spraying is carried out, so that the polyethylene glycol 4000 and polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate are uniformly coated on the surfaces of raw material particles to form microcapsules, the spray coating process is started to be dried at a low temperature of 30 ℃, the dried particles are subjected to 20-mesh granule finishing, sodium carboxymethyl starch and silicon dioxide are added and mixed for 30 minutes, and the obtained tablet data are shown in tables 2-3.
Example 9:
the raw materials are as follows according to mass fraction:
85.78% of spirulina platensis powder, 6% of maltodextrin, 2% of sodium carboxymethyl starch, 4000% of polyethylene glycol, 0.5% of polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate, 0.2% of sodium L-ascorbate, 0.02% of vitamin E, 0.5% of anhydrous calcium hydrophosphate, 2% of silicon dioxide and 2% of coating powder (polyvinyl alcohol and polyethylene glycol).
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
mixing spirulina raw material, maltodextrin, anhydrous calcium hydrophosphate and a high-speed wet mixing granulator for 10 minutes, wherein the rotation speed of a main cutter is 100 rpm, and the rotation speed of a cutter is 1000 rpm.
And extracting the mixed material into a boiling drying granulator by using a negative pressure linkage line. Dissolving vitamin E in 95% ethanol (1:3), stirring thoroughly to obtain slurry 1, adjusting the frequency of a blower of a boiling granulator to 35Hz, controlling the pressure of a spray gun to 0.4Mpa, controlling the flow to 50ml/s, slowly spraying, coating the surface of the raw material particles with vitamin E uniformly, and drying at low temperature of 30deg.C in the spray coating process. Dissolving sodium L-ascorbate in purified water (1:2) to obtain slurry 2, slowly spraying, adding, controlling the fan frequency to 35Hz, the spray gun pressure to 0.4Mpa, controlling the flow to 50ml/s, uniformly coating the surface of the raw material particles with sodium L-ascorbate, and drying at low temperature of 30deg.C in the spray coating process.
Dissolving polyethylene glycol 4000 and polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate in purified water (1:2), fully dissolving, controlling the fan frequency to be 35Hz, the spray gun pressure to be 0.4Mpa, controlling the flow to be 50ml/s, slowly spraying and adding, so that the polyethylene glycol 4000 and polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate uniformly wrap the surfaces of the raw material particles to form microcapsules, and starting the spray inclusion process to dry at a low temperature of 30 ℃. And determining that the final moisture is less than or equal to 8 percent. The median diameter of the microcapsules was measured to be about 60 mesh.
And adding the finally included microcapsule particles, sodium carboxymethyl starch and silicon dioxide into a conical mixer or a three-dimensional mixer to mix for 30 minutes, wherein the rotating speed of the mixer is 8 revolutions per minute.
Finally, tabletting the mixed granules by a rotary high-speed tablet press, wherein the tablet hardness is 50-73N, the tablet weight difference is 1 g/tablet + -5%, and the friability is qualified.
Coating plain tablet, wherein coating powder (polyvinyl alcohol and polyethylene glycol) is dissolved in 50% ethanol, a coating machine is preheated to 40 ℃, a tablet bed is not preheated, low-flow spray coating is controlled, the temperature of the tablet bed rises synchronously, the air inlet temperature is 50+/-5 ℃, and the temperature of the tablet bed is kept at 40+/-2 ℃; the exhaust air is 2500+/-200 rpm, and the intake air is 1000+/-200 rpm; negative pressure in the pot is-50+ -5 Mpa; the spray gun is 30cm away from the tablet bed, the rotating speed of the coating pot is 4+/-2 revolutions per minute, the atomization/spray gun/flattening pressure is set to be 0.3+/-0.1 Mpa, and the peristaltic pump is 40+/-20 revolutions per minute. The theoretical sheet weight was increased by about 2%.
The resulting tablet data are shown in tables 2-3.
Example 1:
the proportions of the raw materials are as in example 9 in terms of mass fraction.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
adding spirulina raw material, maltodextrin and anhydrous calcium hydrophosphate into a high-speed wet mixing granulator, mixing for 10 minutes, and cutting the main cutter at the rotation speed of 100 rpm and the cutter at the rotation speed of 1000 rpm.
And extracting the mixed material into a boiling drying granulator by using a negative pressure linkage line. Dissolving vitamin E in 95% ethanol (1:3), stirring thoroughly to obtain slurry 1, adjusting the frequency of a blower of a boiling granulator to 35Hz, controlling the pressure of a spray gun to 0.4Mpa, controlling the flow to 50ml/s, slowly spraying, coating the surface of the raw material particles with vitamin E uniformly, and drying at low temperature of 30deg.C in the spray coating process.
Dissolving sodium L-ascorbate in purified water (1:2) to obtain slurry 2, slowly spraying, adding, controlling the fan frequency to 35Hz, the spray gun pressure to 0.4Mpa, controlling the flow to 50ml/s, uniformly coating the surface of the raw material particles with sodium L-ascorbate, and drying at low temperature of 30deg.C in the spray coating process.
Dissolving polyethylene glycol 4000 and polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate in purified water (1:2), fully dissolving, controlling the fan frequency to be 35Hz, the spray gun pressure to be 0.4Mpa, controlling the flow to be 50ml/s, slowly spraying and adding, so that the polyethylene glycol 4000 and polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate uniformly wrap the surfaces of the raw material particles to form microcapsules, and starting the spray inclusion process to dry at a low temperature of 30 ℃. And determining that the final moisture is less than or equal to 8 percent. The median diameter of the microcapsules was measured to be about 60 mesh.
And adding the finally included microcapsule particles, sodium carboxymethyl starch and silicon dioxide into a conical mixer or a three-dimensional mixer to mix for 30 minutes, wherein the rotating speed of the mixer is 8 revolutions per minute.
And tabletting the final mixed particles by a rotary high-speed tablet press, wherein the tablet hardness is about 50-75N, the tablet weight difference is 1 g+/-5 percent per tablet, and the friability is qualified.
Coating plain tablet, wherein coating powder (polyvinyl alcohol and polyethylene glycol) is dissolved in 50% ethanol, a coating machine is preheated to 40 ℃, a tablet bed is not preheated, low-flow spray coating is controlled, the temperature of the tablet bed rises synchronously, the air inlet temperature is 50+/-5 ℃, and the temperature of the tablet bed is kept at 40+/-2 ℃; the exhaust air is 2500+/-200 rpm, and the intake air is 1000+/-200 rpm; negative pressure in the pot is-50+ -5 Mpa; the spray gun is 30cm away from the tablet bed, the rotating speed of the coating pot is 4+/-2 revolutions per minute, the atomization/spray gun/flattening pressure is set to be 0.3+/-0.1 Mpa, and the peristaltic pump is 40+/-20 revolutions per minute. The theoretical sheet weight was increased by about 2%.
Example 2:
the raw materials are as follows according to mass fraction:
90.78% of spirulina platensis powder, 3% of maltodextrin, 1% of sodium carboxymethyl starch, 4000.5% of polyethylene glycol, 0.5% of polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate, 0.2% of L-sodium ascorbate, 0.02% of vitamin E, 0.5% of anhydrous calcium hydrophosphate, 1% of silicon dioxide and 2% of coating powder (polyvinyl alcohol and polyethylene glycol).
The preparation was carried out as in example 1.
TABLE 2
TABLE 3 Table 3
The results of the analysis from the data in tables 2-3 are as follows:
examples 1-3 have in common that: adopts lubricant such as magnesium stearate and the like to dry-mix and directly compress and diluent maltodextrin to carry out a simple granulation process, and the integral disintegration time limit of the tablet exceeds the standard and the hardness is slightly poor.
Examples 1-2 differ from example 3 in that: example 3 sodium carboxymethyl starch was added as a disintegrant, and the disintegration time was greatly improved, but still outside the standard range (60 minutes).
Examples 4-5 have in common that: in order to overcome the spiral hydrophobic effect and the hydrophobic effect of magnesium stearate, compared with examples 1-3, the lubricant is replaced, polyethylene glycol 4000 is added as a water-soluble lubricant and is also used as a water-soluble skeleton pore-forming material, and polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate is added as a surfactant, so that the surface hydrophobic effect of the spirulina raw material can be reduced. The disintegration time of the tablet is greatly changed, and the results all meet the standard. Meanwhile, the hardness of the tablet is reduced, and the friability is detected to have a knocking phenomenon.
Examples 4-5 differ in that: the polyethylene glycol 4000 and the polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate are added in different modes, the mixture is added in the example 4 and then granulated, the spray inclusion is carried out in the example 5, and the mixture is dried at low temperature, so that the water-soluble lubricant/water-soluble skeleton pore-forming material and the surfactant are more uniformly coated on the surface of the spirulina raw material. Example 5 has an improved disintegration time relative to example 4.
Examples 6-5 differ in that: anhydrous calcium hydrophosphate is added as an absorbent, and silicon dioxide is added as a glidant, so that the tablet hardness and the smoothness are improved. Thus, in example 6, the hardness of the tablet was greatly improved and the friability was acceptable, compared with example 5, in the case of unchanged disintegration time.
Examples 1-6 accelerated test stability results reveal: the marker ingredient beta-carotene was 1/3 of that of about 0 month on average, i.e., attenuated by more than 60%. Indicating that the shelf life of the marked component of the spirulina tablet decays faster.
Examples 7-6 differ in that: the vitamin E (DL-alpha-tocopherol succinate) which is a fat-soluble antioxidant and the L-sodium ascorbate which is a water-soluble antioxidant are added, and the adding method is that the mixture is mixed and added and then the mixture is granulated.
Example 8 differs from example 7 in that: the method for adding the fat-soluble antioxidant vitamin E and the water-soluble antioxidant L-sodium ascorbate comprises the steps of dissolving in a solvent, spraying, coating, adding, and drying at low temperature to uniformly coat the surface of the raw materials with the antioxidant. Meanwhile, the mixing of the fluidized bed granulator is changed into the mixing of a high-speed wet mixing granulator, so that white spots on the surface of the tablet are solved.
Example 9 differs from example 8 in that: a film coating process was added to example 8.
Acceleration tests of examples 7-9 showed that: the addition of the antioxidant slows down the attenuation of the marking components, the spray coating addition is superior to the mixed granulation addition, and the attenuation of the film coating marking components is effectively controlled. The average value of the decay of the acceleration test for 3 months is approximately 15 percent.
Example 1 is a repeated test of the process of example 9, and the coating of the spirulina particles with the pore-forming agent and the skeleton material is formed by the technology of spraying inclusion of the particles of the pore-forming skeleton material such as polyethylene glycol 4000 and polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate and low-temperature drying, so that fine pore channels are formed by rapid dissolution after meeting water, the penetration of water is accelerated, and the disintegration of the tablet is promoted. The phenomenon that the tablet forms a hydrophobic film and is not easy to disintegrate after the hydrophobic lubricant such as magnesium stearate is used is avoided by the disintegration effect of sodium carboxymethyl starch and the hydrophilic effect of the surfactant of polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate and the auxiliary use of polyethylene glycol 4000 as the hydrophilic lubricant and the silica glidant. The antioxidant is formed by introducing water-soluble and fat-soluble antioxidants, spraying inclusion of particles and low-temperature drying technology, so that the antioxidant wraps spirulina particles to form an antioxidant layer, and the attenuation of vitamins such as beta-carotene can be obviously reduced.
Example 2 the spirulina material content was increased to above 90% and the formulation materials and process were the same as in example 1. The test results show that the tablet hardness is qualified at 50-68N, the friability is reduced by-0.3%, the disintegration time is 48 minutes, and especially the accelerated attenuation of the marked component beta-carotene for 3 months is less than 10%, so that the invention can prepare high-content spirulina tablets, effectively shorten the disintegration time and slow down the attenuation of the beta-carotene.
It should be understood that the foregoing examples of the present invention are provided merely for clearly illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention, and that various other changes and modifications may be made therein by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (11)

1. A method for preparing spirulina tablet for shortening disintegration time and slowing down beta-carotene attenuation, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
sieving spirulina, diluent and absorbent, adding into a high-speed wet mixing granulator, mixing, spraying and clathrating the mixture with antioxidant, drying, and further spraying and clathrating with pore-forming agent and surfactant to form microcapsule;
mixing the microcapsule, the disintegrating agent and the glidant, tabletting and coating to obtain spirulina tablets;
opening the spray inclusion process, and drying at low temperature of 30-40deg.C;
the tablet weight specification of the spirulina tablet is more than or equal to 1.0 g/tablet, and the tablet hardness is more than or equal to 50N;
the spirulina tablet comprises:
80-91 parts of spirulina;
3-8 parts of a diluent;
1-3 parts of disintegrating agent;
0.01-0.02 part of water-soluble antioxidant;
0.2-0.5 part of fat-soluble antioxidant;
0.3-0.5 part of surfactant;
2-3 parts of coating powder;
1-2 parts of pore-forming agent;
1-2 parts of glidant;
0.5-1 part of absorbent.
2. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the spirulina tablet has a tablet weight of 1.0 g/tablet and a tablet hardness of 50-75N.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the diluent comprises one or more of maltodextrin, starch, and lactose.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the water-soluble antioxidant comprises one or more of L-ascorbic acid, calcium L-ascorbate, sodium L-ascorbate, D-erythorbic acid, and sodium D-erythorbate.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the fat-soluble antioxidant comprises one or a combination of two of vitamin E and phospholipid.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the disintegrant comprises one or more of sodium carboxymethyl starch, croscarmellose sodium, and crospovidone.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the surfactant comprises one or a combination of two of polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate and sodium lauryl sulfate.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the porogen comprises one or more of polyethylene glycol 4000, polyethylene glycol 6000, magnesium dodecyl sulfate, sodium dodecyl sulfate.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the glidant comprises one or a combination of two of silicon dioxide and talc.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein the absorbent comprises one or more of calcium hydrogen phosphate, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, and calcium carbonate.
11. The method of claim 1, wherein the coating powder comprises one or a combination of two of polyvinyl alcohol or polyethylene glycol.
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