CN115513779B - High-power gas shunt switch based on electric triggering - Google Patents
High-power gas shunt switch based on electric triggering Download PDFInfo
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- CN115513779B CN115513779B CN202211123754.7A CN202211123754A CN115513779B CN 115513779 B CN115513779 B CN 115513779B CN 202211123754 A CN202211123754 A CN 202211123754A CN 115513779 B CN115513779 B CN 115513779B
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- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
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- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T2/00—Spark gaps comprising auxiliary triggering means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T1/00—Details of spark gaps
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T1/00—Details of spark gaps
- H01T1/24—Selection of materials for electrodes
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-power gas shunt switch based on electric triggering, and aims to solve the problems of unstable breakdown and poor safety between an anode electrode and a cathode electrode of the traditional mechanical shunt switch. The invention consists of an insulating cavity, 2 cathode rods, 1 anode rod, 2 insulating rods, 2 trigger rods, 2 cathode electrodes and 1 anode electrode, wherein the 2 cathode electrodes are respectively provided with one cathode rod (the insulating rods and the trigger rods are embedded in the cathode rods), and the conduction between different cathode electrodes and anode electrodes in the shunt switch is adjusted by applying trigger voltages to different trigger rods. The invention uses the trigger lever to control the switch to be more reliable, the influence of the trigger lever on the main gap electric field is smaller, the possibility of electrode ablation is low, the safety is higher, the low-jitter long-time stable operation of high-pressure gas can be realized, and the invention is more suitable for controlling a plurality of high-power pulse driving source devices.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a gas shunt switch in the technical field of high-power pulse driving sources, in particular to a high-power gas shunt switch based on electric triggering.
Background
The high power pulse driving source technology is a scientific technology for rapidly releasing energy stored for a long time with low power to a load with high power in a short time by a high power pulse generator. Along with the increasing wide application of the high-power pulse driving source technology in the fields of high-energy laser, high-power microwave, biomedical treatment, environmental protection, material treatment and the like, the high-power pulse generator is developing towards the directions of high repetition frequency, high stability, long service life and the like.
The high-power switch is used as a core device for realizing electric pulse of a high-power pulse driving source, plays a role of connecting an energy storage device and a load, and the working characteristics of the high-power switch determine the whole application capacity of the system to a great extent. The switch is classified into a gas switch, a magnetic switch, a semiconductor switch, and the like. At present, the gas switch is widely applied to a high-power pulse generator due to high working voltage, strong current capacity, low cost and flexible and various shapes. And gas switches are largely classified into self-breakdown switches and trigger switches. Compared with a self-breakdown switch, the trigger switch is more suitable for the design of a high-power gas shunt switch because the trigger rod of the trigger switch adopts a special design to realize the rapid and reliable closing of the switch. When the high-power gas shunt switch is used for controlling the double microwave sources, the output of various wave bands can be realized, and the complexity and the volume and the quality of the device are reduced. Based on the above, the gas shunt switch with simple research structure, low jitter, long service life and high stability has important application prospect in the field of high-power pulse power.
The shunt switch is an important device of a high-power pulse driving source, and most of the prior shunt switches adopt mechanical shunt switches. Because the mechanical shunt switch needs to move the trigger rod to control the conduction of different switches, the structure and the operation are complex, and the conduction reliability of the switches is low. Moreover, when the shunt switch is applied to a high voltage environment, the mechanical shunt switch has poor conduction stability and low safety when the trigger lever is moved. How to make the shunt switch more stable and safe to be applied in a high-voltage environment and realize the long-time stable operation of the high-power gas shunt switch with low jitter is a difficult problem that the skilled person tries to overcome. There is no disclosure of an electrically triggered high power gas shunt switch.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that the breakdown between an anode electrode and a cathode electrode is unstable and the safety is poor and the like caused by moving a trigger rod in a high-voltage environment in the conventional mechanical shunt switch, and provides a high-power gas shunt switch based on electric triggering.
The high-power gas shunt switch based on electric triggering comprises two cathode electrodes and an anode electrode, wherein the 2 cathode electrodes are respectively provided with a cathode rod (an insulating rod and a triggering rod are embedded in the cathode rods), and the conduction between the different cathode electrodes and the anode electrodes in the shunt switch is adjusted by applying triggering voltages to different triggering rods through a direct-current power supply. On the one hand, on the basis of structural characteristics, the gas shunt switch is higher in conduction reliability and safety; on the other hand, the high-power gas shunt switch based on electric triggering is more suitable for controlling a plurality of high-power pulse driving source devices.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the invention discloses an electric triggering-based high-power gas shunt switch which consists of an insulating cavity, 2 cathode rods, 1 anode rod, 2 insulating rods, 2 triggering rods, 2 cathode electrodes and 1 anode electrode. The 2 cathode rods are fixed on the rear insulating end plate of the insulating cavity through holes on the rear insulating end plate; the positive pole is fixed on the preceding insulating end plate of insulating cavity through the through-hole on the preceding insulating end plate, and 2 negative pole electrodes are fixed respectively on 2 negative pole poles through the screw hole, and positive pole electrode 7 is fixed on the positive pole through the screw hole. The 2 trigger rods are respectively and coaxially nested in the central through holes of the 2 insulating rods, and the 2 insulating rods are respectively inserted into the through holes of the 2 cathode rods and are respectively connected with the 2 cathode electrodes.
The insulating cavity is a cylindrical cavity with two end faces and consists of a front insulating end plate, an insulating cylinder and a rear insulating end plate. One end of the anode electrode (i.e., the side of the front insulating end plate) connected with the high-voltage power supply is defined as the left end, and one end of the cathode electrode (i.e., the side of the rear insulating end plate) connected with the load is defined as the right end.
The insulating cavity is made of insulating materials, and is arranged in an insulating cuboid with the length of 50cm, the width of 25cm and the height of 50cm according to the application requirements. The front insulating end plate is fixedly arranged at the left end of the insulating cylinder, the rear insulating end plate is fixedly arranged at the right end of the insulating cylinder, and the front insulating end plate and the rear insulating end plate are symmetrical about the central plane AA' of the insulating cavity (namely, the central plane which is parallel to the front insulating end plate and the rear insulating end plate and has the same distance with the front insulating end plate and the rear insulating end plate).
The insulating cylinder comprises a front stretching circular ring, a cylindrical cylinder and a rear stretching circular ring, and the front stretching circular ring and the rear stretching circular ring are identical. The total length of the insulating cylinder is equal to L, L is 13.5 cm-14.5 cm, and the lateral wall thickness p=R of the cylindrical cylinder 2 -R 1 ，R 2 >R 1 ，R 1 Is the inner radius of a cylinder barrel, R 1 17 cm-18 cm, R 2 Is the outer radius of the cylinder, R 2 17.5cm to 18.5cm. The front stretching circular ring is welded at the left end of the cylindrical barrel, and the rear stretching circular ring is welded at the right end of the cylindrical barrel. The inner radius of the front stretching circular ring is equal to R 1 The outer radius is equal to R 3 ，R 3 >R 2 The thickness is equal to d, d is 0.5 cm-1.5 cm, and the radius on the front stretching circular ring is equal to r 1 Is dug with M circles with diameter d 1 Through holes of R 2 <r 1 <R 3 ，M is more than or equal to 12 and less than or equal to 24. The inner radius of the post-stretching circular ring is equal to R 1 The outer radius is equal to R 3 The thickness is equal to d, and the radius on the post-stretching circular ring is r 1 Is dug with M circles with diameter d 1 Is formed in the substrate.
The front insulating end plate is made of insulating material and is disc-shaped, and the radius of the disc is equal to R 3 Thickness is equal to T, T<L1+w. Radius r with center O (coaxial with BB') as origin at front insulating end plate 1 M are dug on the circumference of the steel plate with the diameter equal to d 1 The right end face of the front insulating end plate is connected with the left end face of the front stretching circular ring through insulating screws; the center O of the front insulating end plate is drilled with a radius equal to R 4 R is the same as the first through hole of the substrate 4 <R 1 An anode rod is inserted into the first through hole of the front insulating end plate.
The rear insulating end plate is made of insulating material and is disc-shaped, and the radius of the disc is equal to R 3 The thickness is equal to T, and the front insulating end plate and the central plane AA' are symmetrically arranged at the right end of the insulating cylinder. Radius r of rear insulating end plate 1 M circles with diameter d 1 The left end face of the rear insulating end plate is connected with the right end face of the rear stretching circular ring through insulating screws. The radius of the rear insulating end plate with the center O '(coaxial with BB') as the origin is equal to r 2 Is arranged on the outer circumference of the sleeve,and two radiuses equal to R are drilled at the intersecting positions of the central line CC' of the rear insulating end plate 4 And a third via. The second through hole and the third through hole are vertically symmetrical about a center plane (i.e., a center plane parallel to the first cathode electrode and the second cathode electrode and equidistant from the first cathode electrode and the second cathode electrode), the second through hole is located at the upper end of the third through hole, the first cathode rod is inserted into the second through hole of the rear insulating end plate, and the second cathode rod is inserted into the third through hole of the rear insulating end plate.
The first cathode rod and the second cathode rod are identical in material, shape and structure. The first cathode rod is a round rod with a disc, and is composed of a first cathode disc and a first cathode round rod, and the material is generally stainless steel. The second cathode rod is a round rod with a disc and is composed of a second cathode disc and a second cathode round rod, and the material of the second cathode rod is generally stainless steel. The first cathode disc is welded on the right end face of the first cathode round rod to form a first cathode rod; the left end face of the second cathode disc is welded on the right end face of the second cathode round rod to form a second cathode rod. First yin The radius of the polar disc is equal to R 5 ，R 5 >R 4 The thickness is equal to w, and w is 0.3 cm-0.7 cm; the first cathode round bar has a length equal to L 1 Is a cylinder L 1 Is 4 cm-5 cm, and the outer radius is equal to R 4 An inner radius equal to R 6 ，R 6 <R 4 . The radius of the second cathode disk is equal to R 5 The thickness is equal to w; the second cathode round bar has a length equal to L 1 Is equal to R 4 An inner radius equal to R 6 . The first cathode round rod penetrates through the second through hole from the right end of the rear insulating end plate to be fixedly connected with the rear insulating end plate, and the second cathode round rod penetrates through the third through hole from the right end of the rear insulating end plate to be fixedly connected with the rear insulating end plate. The first cathode rod is centrally dug with radius equal to R 6 Is provided with a fourth through hole with radius equal to R at the center of the second cathode rod 6 Is formed in the substrate. The fourth through hole of the first cathode rod is inserted with a first insulating rod, and the fifth through hole of the second cathode rod is inserted with a second insulating rod.
The anode rod is a round rod with a disc and is composed of an anode disc and an anode round rod, the anode rod is made of stainless steel generally, and the right end face of the anode disc is welded on the left end face of the anode round rod to form the anode rod. The radius of the anode disc is equal to R 5 The thickness is equal to w; the length of the anode round rod is equal to L 1 Radius equal to R 4 The anode round rod passes through the first through hole from the left side of the front insulating end plate and is fixed at the center of the front insulating end plate. The anode rod is dug to the right from the center of the left end face of the anode disc with radius equal to R 6 Is equal to L in depth to 2 ，L 2 <L 1 。
The first insulating rod and the second insulating rod are identical in material, shape and structure. The first insulating rod is a round rod with a disc, is composed of a first insulating disc and a first insulating round rod and is made of insulating materials. The second insulating rod is a round rod with a disc, and is composed of a second insulating disc and a second insulating round rod and is made of insulating materials. The right end face of the first insulating disc is welded on the left end face of the first insulating round rod to form a first insulating rod; the right end face of the second insulating disc is welded on the left end face of the first insulating round rod to form a second insulating rod. First oneThe radius of the insulating disc is equal to R 4 The thickness is equal to m, m is 0.3 cm-0.4 cm, and the length of the first insulating round rod is equal to L 3 ，L 3 >L 5 +L 6 +T+w, radius equal to R 6 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The radius of the second insulating disc is equal to R 4 The thickness is equal to m, and the length of the second insulating round rod is equal to L 3 Radius equal to R 6 . The first insulating round rod is fixedly connected with the first cathode electrode through an eighth through hole of the first cathode electrode, and the right end face of the first insulating disc is overlapped with the left end face of the first cathode electrode; the second insulating round rod is fixedly connected with the second cathode electrode through a ninth through hole of the second cathode electrode, and the right end face of the second insulating disc is overlapped with the left end face of the second cathode electrode. Meanwhile, a first insulating rod is inserted in the fourth through hole of the first cathode rod, and a second insulating rod is inserted in the fifth through hole of the second cathode rod. The first insulating rod is centrally dug with radius equal to r 3 Is a sixth through hole of r 3 <R 6 The first trigger rod passes through the sixth through hole from the left end of the first insulating rod and is coaxially nested in the sixth through hole; the second insulating rod is dug with radius equal to r 3 The second trigger rod is coaxially nested in the seventh through hole from the left end of the second insulating rod through the seventh through hole.
The first trigger lever and the second trigger lever are identical in material, shape and structure. The first trigger rod and the second trigger rod are both in a slender round rod shape, the material is generally stainless steel, and the length is equal to l, l>L 3 +m, radius equal to r 3 . The first trigger rod is inserted in the sixth through hole of the first insulating rod, and the second trigger rod is inserted in the seventh through hole of the second insulating rod. The distance between the left end face of the first trigger rod and the left end face of the first insulating rod is equal to l 1 ，l 1 <R 8 M, the distance between the right end face of the first trigger rod and the right end face of the first insulating rod is equal to l 2 ，l 2 ＝l-(l 1 +L 3 +m). The distance between the left end face of the second trigger rod and the left end face of the second insulating rod is equal to l 1 The distance between the right end face of the second trigger rod and the right end face of the second insulating rod is equal to l 2 。
The materials, shapes and structures of the first cathode electrode and the second cathode electrode are identical and are all of special-shaped structuresThe material is typically stainless steel. The whole first cathode electrode is disc-shaped, the left end face of the disc-shaped is provided with a first pit, the left end face of the first cathode electrode is processed into a first protruding round face, and the right end face of the first cathode electrode is processed into a first round angle. The whole second cathode electrode is in a disc shape with a second pit at the left end face, the left end face of the second cathode electrode is processed into a second protruding round face, and the right end face of the second cathode electrode is processed into a second round angle. The maximum radius of the first cathode electrode is equal to R 7 ，R 7 4 cm-5 cm, and the maximum thickness is equal to L 4 ，The right end surface edge of the first cathode electrode is processed into a radius equal to R 8 R is the first rounded corner of 8 Is 1cm to 1.2cm, and the radian of the circular surface of the first circular bead is equal to alpha 1 ，α 1 =1/2pi. The center of the right end face of the first cathode electrode is tapped with a radius equal to R 4 A second threaded hole with radius equal to R is tapped at the center of the right end face of the second cathode electrode 4 The depth of the second threaded hole and the third threaded hole is equal to L 5 ，L 6 <L 5 <L 4 And L is 5 +T>L 1 . The first cathode rod is inserted into the second threaded hole of the first cathode electrode, and the second cathode rod is inserted into the third threaded hole of the second cathode electrode. The left end face of the first cathode electrode is provided with a radius equal to R 6 Is provided with a radius equal to R on the left end face of the second cathode electrode 6 The depths of the eighth through hole and the ninth through hole are equal to L 6 ，L 6 >L 3 -(L 5 +t+w). The left end face of the first cathode electrode is overlapped with the right end face of the first insulating disc, and the left end face of the second cathode electrode is overlapped with the right end face of the second insulating disc. The outer ring at the left end of the first cathode electrode is processed into a protruding round surface, and the radius of the protruding round surface is equal to R 8 The radian of the circular surface is equal to alpha 2 ，α 2 Pi, forming a first cathode pit at the left end of the first cathode electrode, the first cathode pit having a radius equal to R 9 . The outer ring at the left end of the second cathode electrode is processed into a protruding round surface, and the radius of the protruding round surface is equal to R 8 Arc of circleDegree equal to alpha 2 Forming a second cathode pit at the left end of the second cathode electrode, wherein the radius of the second cathode pit is equal to R 9 ，R 4 <R 9 ＝R 7 -2R 8 。
The anode electrode is of a special-shaped structure, and the material is generally stainless steel. The whole anode electrode is hemispherical with a round surface at the left end and a protuberance at the right end. The radius of the hemisphere at the right end of the anode electrode is equal to R 10 ，R 10 <R 1 Machining the left end surface edge of anode electrode to radius equal to R 8 Is equal to alpha 1 . The center of the left end face of the anode electrode is provided with a radius equal to R 4 A depth of the fourth threaded hole is equal to L 7 ，L 7 >L 1 -T. The fourth threaded hole of the anode electrode is inserted with an anode rod.
The working process of the invention is as follows: an external trigger circuit is adopted to provide trigger pulses for a first trigger rod and a second trigger rod respectively, after the trigger pulses are obtained by the first trigger rod, initial plasma is generated between the first trigger rod and a first cathode electrode under the action of an electric field, and self-sustaining discharge cathode spots are formed on the first cathode electrode due to the action of the electric field and vacuum diffusion between the first cathode electrode and an anode electrode, so that the conduction between the first cathode electrode and the anode electrode in the high-power gas shunt switch is realized; similarly, after the second trigger rod obtains the trigger pulse, the second cathode electrode and the anode electrode in the high-power gas shunt switch are conducted. And controlling conduction between the first cathode electrode and the anode electrode and between the second cathode electrode and the anode electrode in the high-power gas shunt switch by controlling trigger pulses of the first trigger rod and the second trigger rod. The high-power gas shunt switch based on electric triggering adopts the same principle as the trigger switch, so that the stability of the switch triggering and conducting is improved; compared with a self-breakdown switch, the end surface area of the trigger rod is smaller, namely the trigger rod is closer to the tip, so that the arc voltage of the first trigger rod and the second trigger rod is low, the energy introduced by the arc is small, the possibility of ablation of the first cathode electrode, the second cathode electrode and the anode electrode is low, and the service life of the self-breakdown switch is prolonged; compared with a mechanical shunt switch, the trigger system has the advantages of flexibility, safety, simple structure, good economy and the like. Thus, the high-power gas shunt switch based on electrical triggering is more suitable for a control switch of a high-power pulse driving source device.
The invention can achieve the following technical effects:
1. on the basis of fully playing the advantages of wide working voltage distribution range, good conduction performance and the like of the high-power gas switch based on electric triggering, the invention adopts the trigger rod, so that the energy introduced by the trigger voltage is smaller, the influence of the trigger rod on a main gap electric field is smaller, the possibility of electrode ablation is low, and the low-jitter long-time stable operation of high-pressure gas is realized.
2. The invention adopts the gas shunt switch based on electric triggering to control the switch to be more reliable in conduction by the triggering rod, is beneficial to reducing the normalized standard deviation of breakdown voltage, and has the advantages of flexible and safe triggering system, simple structure, good economy and the like because of no triggering shaft of the mechanical shunt switch.
3. The invention adopts the form of nesting the trigger rod, the insulating rod and the cathode rod, is favorable for electrically isolating the trigger rod and the cathode rod which are made of metal materials through the insulating rod, and is convenient for leading out the trigger voltage and the output voltage from the trigger rod and the cathode rod safely and stably respectively.
4. The invention has simple principle, convenient operation and wide application range.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an axial cross-sectional view of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a left-right view of the insulating cylinder 12 of the present invention; fig. 2 (a) is a left side view of the insulating cylinder 12 of the present invention; fig. 2 (b) is a right side view of the insulating cylinder 12 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a front view of the insulating cylinder 12 of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a left side view of the front insulating end plate 11 of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a left side view of the rear insulating end plate 13 of the present invention;
fig. 6 (a) is an axial cross-sectional view of a first cathode rod 201 of the present invention; fig. 6 (b) is an axial cross-sectional view of a second cathode rod 202 of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is an axial cross-sectional view of the anode rod 3 of the present invention;
fig. 8 (a) is an axial cross-sectional view of a first insulating rod 401 of the present invention; fig. 8 (b) is an axial cross-sectional view of a second insulating rod 402 of the present invention;
fig. 9 (a) is a connection structure diagram of the first insulating rod 401 and the first trigger rod 51 of the present invention; fig. 9 (b) is a view showing a connection structure of the second insulating rod 402 and the second trigger rod 52 according to the present invention;
fig. 10 (a) is an axial cross-sectional view of a first cathode electrode 601 of the present invention; fig. 10 (b) is an axial cross-sectional view of a second cathode electrode 602 according to the present invention;
fig. 11 is a perspective view showing a first cathode 601 according to the present invention;
fig. 12 is an axial cross-sectional view of the anode electrode 7 of the present invention;
fig. 13 is a perspective view of the anode electrode 7 according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The structure and the working principle of the invention are specifically described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
As shown in fig. 1, the high-power gas shunt switch based on electric triggering of the invention is composed of an insulating cavity 1, 2 cathode rods 2, 1 anode rod 3, 2 insulating rods 4, 2 triggering rods 5, 2 cathode electrodes 6 and 1 anode electrode 7. The 2 cathode rods 2 are fixed on a rear insulating end plate 13 of the insulating cavity 1 through holes; the anode rod 3 is fixed on the front insulating end plate 11 of the insulating cavity 1 through a through hole, the 2 cathode electrodes 6 are respectively fixed on the 2 cathode rods 2 through threaded holes, and the anode electrode 7 is fixed on the anode rod 3 through threaded holes. The 2 trigger rods 5 are respectively fixed in the 2 insulating rods 4 through holes, and the 2 insulating rods 4 are respectively inserted into the through holes of the 2 cathode rods 2 and are respectively connected with the 2 cathode electrodes 6.
As shown in fig. 1, the insulating cavity 1 is a cylindrical cavity with two end faces, and the insulating cavity 1 is composed of a front insulating end plate 11, an insulating cylinder 12 and a rear insulating end plate 13. One end (i.e., the side of the front insulating end plate 11) of the anode electrode 7 connected to the high-voltage power supply according to the present invention is defined as the left end, and one end (i.e., the side of the rear insulating end plate 13) of the cathode electrode 6 connected to the load according to the present invention is defined as the right end.
The insulating cavity 1 is made of insulating material and is placed in an insulating cuboid with a length of 50cm, a width of 25cm and a height of 50cm based on the application requirements. The front insulating end plate 11 is fixedly mounted at the left end of the insulating cylinder 12, the rear insulating end plate 13 is fixedly mounted at the right end of the insulating cylinder 12, and the front insulating end plate 11 and the rear insulating end plate 13 are symmetrical about a central plane AA' of the insulating cavity 1 (i.e., a central plane parallel to the front insulating end plate 11 and the rear insulating end plate 13 and equidistant from the front insulating end plate 11 and the rear insulating end plate 13).
As shown in fig. 3, the insulating cylinder 12 is composed of a front tension ring 121, a cylindrical cylinder 122, and a rear tension ring 123, and the front tension ring 121 and the rear tension ring 123 are identical. Referring to fig. 1, the insulation cylinder 12 has a total length equal to L, which is 13.5cm to 14.5cm, and a sidewall thickness p=r of the cylindrical cylinder 122 2 -R 1 ，R 2 >R 1 ，R 1 Is the inner radius of the cylinder 122, R 1 17 cm-18 cm, R 2 Is the outer radius of the cylinder 122, R 2 17.5cm to 18.5cm. The front stretching circular ring 121 is welded at the left end of the cylinder 122, and the rear stretching circular ring 123 is welded at the right end of the cylinder 122. As shown in FIG. 2 (a), the inner radius of the pre-stretch ring 121 is equal to R 1 The outer radius is equal to R 3 ，R 3 >R 2 The thickness is equal to d, d is 0.5 cm-1.5 cm, and the radius on the front stretching circular ring 121 is r 1 Is dug with M circles with diameter equal to d 1 Through holes 1211, R of (1) 2 <r 1 <R 3 ，M is more than or equal to 12 and less than or equal to 24. As shown in FIG. 2 (b), the inner radius of the post-stretching ring 123 is equal to R 1 The outer radius is equal to R 3 Thickness equal to d, radius r on post-stretch ring 123 1 Is dug with M circles with diameter equal to d 1 Is provided, is a via 1231.
As shown in fig. 4, the front insulating end plate 11 is made of an insulating material and has a disk shape with a radius equal to R 3 Thickness is equal to T (see FIG. 1), T<L 1 +w. Radius r with center O (coaxial with BB') as origin at front insulating end plate 11 1 M are dug on the circumference of the steel plate with the diameter equal to d 1 Through-hole 111 of front insulating end plate 11 and right end face ofThe left end face of the front stretching circular ring 121 is connected through an insulating screw; the center O of the front insulating end plate 11 is drilled with a radius equal to R 4 R, R is defined in the first via 112 of (1) 4 <R 1 The anode rod 3 is inserted into the first through hole 112 of the front insulating end plate 11.
As shown in fig. 5, the rear insulating end plate 13 is made of an insulating material and has a disk shape with a radius equal to R 3 The thickness is equal to T, and the front insulating end plate 11 and the central plane AA' are symmetrically arranged at the right end of the insulating cylinder 12. The radius of the rear insulating end plate 13 is equal to r 1 Is dug with M circles with diameter equal to d 1 The left end face of the rear insulating end plate 13 and the right end face of the rear tension ring 123 are connected by insulating screws. The radius of the rear insulating end plate 13 with the center O '(coaxial with BB') as the origin is equal to r 2 Is arranged on the outer circumference of the sleeve,and two radii equal to R are drilled at the intersection with the center line CC' of the rear insulating end plate 13 4 And a third through hole 133. The second through hole 132 and the third through hole 133 are vertically symmetrical about a center plane (i.e., a center plane parallel to the first cathode electrode 601 and the second cathode electrode 602 and equidistant from the first cathode electrode 601 and the second cathode electrode 602), the second through hole 132 is located at an upper end of the third through hole 133, the first cathode rod 201 is inserted into the second through hole 132, and the second cathode rod 202 is inserted into the third through hole 133.
As shown in fig. 6, the first cathode rod 201 and the second cathode rod 202 are identical in material, shape and structure. The first cathode rod 201 is a round rod with a disc, and is composed of a first cathode disc 211 and a first cathode round rod 221, and the material is generally stainless steel. The second cathode rod 202 is a round rod with a disk, and is composed of a second cathode disk 212 and a second cathode round rod 222, and is made of stainless steel. The first cathode disk 211 is welded on the right end surface of the first cathode round bar 221 to form a first cathode bar 201; the left end face of the second cathode disk 212 is welded to the right end face of the second cathode circular rod 222 to form the second cathode rod 202. The first cathode disk 211 has a radius equal to R 5 ，R 5 >R 4 The thickness is equal to w, w0.3cm to 0.7cm; the first cathode round bar 221 has a length equal to L 1 Is a cylinder L 1 Is 4 cm-5 cm, and the outer radius is equal to R 4 An inner radius equal to R 6 ，R 6 <R 4 . The second cathode disk 212 has a radius equal to R 5 The thickness is equal to w; the second cathode round bar 222 has a length equal to L 1 Is equal to R 4 An inner radius equal to R 6 . The first cathode round bar 221 passes through the second through hole 132 from the right end of the rear insulating end plate 13 and is fixedly connected with the rear insulating end plate 13, and the second cathode round bar 222 passes through the third through hole 133 from the right end of the rear insulating end plate 13 and is fixedly connected with the rear insulating end plate 13. The first cathode rod 201 is centered with a radius R 6 Is provided with a fourth through hole 2011 with a radius equal to R in the center of the second cathode rod 202 6 Is a fifth through hole 2021. The first insulating rod 401 is inserted into the fourth through hole 2011 of the first cathode rod 201, and the second insulating rod 402 is inserted into the fifth through hole 2021 of the second cathode rod 202.
As shown in fig. 7, the anode rod 3 is a round rod with a disc, and is composed of an anode disc 31 and an anode round rod 32, the material is generally stainless steel, and the right end face of the anode disc 31 is welded to the left end face of the anode round rod 32 to constitute the anode rod 3. The radius of the anode disc 31 is equal to R 5 The thickness is equal to w; the anode round bar 32 has a length equal to L 1 Radius equal to R 4 The anode round bar 32 is fixed at the center of the front insulating end plate 11 through a first through hole 112 from the left side of the front insulating end plate 11. The anode rod 3 is dug from the center of the left end face of the anode disc 31 to the right with a radius equal to R 6 Is equal to L in depth to the first threaded hole 311 2 ，L 2 <L 1 。
As shown in fig. 8, the first insulating rod 401 and the second insulating rod 402 are identical in material, shape and structure. As shown in fig. 8 (a), the first insulating rod 401 is a round rod with a disk, and is composed of a first insulating disk 411 and a first insulating round rod 421, and is made of an insulating material. As shown in fig. 8 (b), the second insulating rod 402 is a round rod with a disc, and is made of an insulating material and is composed of a second insulating disc 412 and a second insulating round rod 422. The right end face of the first insulating disk 411 is welded to the left end face of the first insulating round bar 421 to form a first insulating disk A rod 401; the right end face of the second insulating disk 412 is welded to the left end face of the first insulating round bar 422 to constitute the second insulating bar 402. The radius of the first insulating disk 411 is equal to R 4 The thickness is equal to m, m is 0.3 cm-0.4 cm, and the length of the first insulating round bar 421 is L 3 ，L 3 >L 5 +L 6 +T+w, radius equal to R 6 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The second insulating disk 412 has a radius equal to R 4 The thickness is equal to m, and the length of the second insulating round bar 422 is equal to L 3 Radius equal to R 6 . The first insulating round bar 421 is fixedly connected with the first cathode electrode 601 through an eighth through hole 6012 of the first cathode electrode 601, and the right end face of the first insulating disc 411 coincides with the left end face of the first cathode electrode 601; the second insulating round bar 422 is fixedly connected with the second cathode electrode 602 through a ninth through hole 6022 of the second cathode electrode 602, and the right end face of the second insulating disk 412 coincides with the left end face of the second cathode electrode 602. Meanwhile, the first insulating rod 401 is inserted in the fourth through hole 2011 of the first cathode rod 201, and the second insulating rod 402 is inserted in the fifth through hole 2021 of the second cathode rod 202. Referring to FIG. 9, the first insulating rod 401 is hollowed with a radius equal to r 3 Sixth through holes 4011, r of (1) 3 <R 6 The first trigger rod 51 is coaxially nested in the sixth through hole 4011 through the sixth through hole 4011 from the left end of the first insulating rod 401; the second insulating rod 402 is dug with a radius equal to r 3 Second trigger rod 52 is coaxially nested within seventh throughbore 4021 from the left end of second insulator rod 402 through seventh throughbore 4021.
As shown in fig. 9, the first trigger lever 51 and the second trigger lever 52 are identical in material, shape and structure. The first trigger rod 51 and the second trigger rod 52 are both in a slender round rod shape, and are made of stainless steel generally, and have the length of l, l>L 3 +m, radius equal to r 3 ,. The first trigger rod 51 is inserted into the sixth throughhole 4011 of the first insulating rod 401, and the second trigger rod 52 is inserted into the seventh throughhole 4021 of the second insulating rod 402. The distance between the left end face of the first trigger rod 51 and the left end face of the first insulating rod 401 is equal to l 1 ，l 1 <R 8 M, the distance between the right end face of the first trigger rod 51 and the right end face of the first insulating rod 401 is equal to l 2 ，l 2 ＝l-(l 1 +L 3 +m). The distance between the left end surface of the second trigger rod 52 and the left end surface of the second insulating rod 402 is equal to l 1 The distance between the right end surface of the second trigger rod 52 and the right end surface of the second insulating rod 402 is equal to l 2 。
As shown in fig. 10, the first cathode electrode 601 and the second cathode electrode 602 are identical in material, shape and structure, and are all of special-shaped structures, and the material is generally stainless steel. The first cathode 601 has a disc shape with a first concave pit 611 on the left end surface, the left end surface of the first cathode 601 is processed into a first protruding round surface 631, and the right end surface of the first cathode 601 is processed into a first round corner 621. The second cathode 602 has a disc shape with a second pit 612 on the left end, the left end of the second cathode 602 is machined into a second protruding round surface 632, and the right end of the second cathode 602 is machined into a second rounded corner 622. As shown in fig. 11, the maximum radius of the first cathode electrode 601 is equal to R 7 ，R 7 4 cm-5 cm, and the maximum thickness is equal to L 4 ，The right end surface edge of the first cathode electrode 601 is processed to have a radius equal to R 8 R, R of the first rounded corner 621 8 Typically 1cm to 1.2cm, the first rounded corner 621 has a circular arc equal to a 1 ，α 1 =1/2pi. The center of the right end face of the first cathode electrode 601 is tapped with a radius equal to R 4 Is tapped into the center of the right end face of the second cathode 602 with a radius equal to R 4 Is equal to L in depth to the third screw hole 6021, the second screw hole 6011 and the third screw hole 6021 5 ，L 6 <L 5 <L 4 And L is 5 +T>L 1 . The first cathode rod 201 is inserted into the second screw hole 6011 of the first cathode electrode 601, and the second cathode rod 202 is inserted into the third screw hole 6021 of the second cathode electrode 602. The left end face of the first cathode electrode 601 is tapped with a radius equal to R 6 The first insulating round bar 421 passes through the eighth through hole 6012 from the left end of the first cathode electrode 601 to be fixedly connected with the first cathode electrode 601; the left end face of the second cathode electrode 602 is tapped with a radius equal to R 6 The second insulating round bar 422 is formed from the second femaleThe left end of the electrode 602 passes through a ninth through hole 6022 and is fixedly connected with the second cathode 602; eighth through hole 6012 and ninth through hole 6022 each have a depth equal to L 6 ，L 6 >L 3 -(L 5 +t+w). The left end face of the first cathode electrode 601 coincides with the right end face of the first insulating disk 411, and the left end face of the second cathode electrode 602 coincides with the right end face of the second insulating disk 412. The outer ring at the left end of the first cathode electrode 601 is processed into a protruding round surface 631, and the radius of the protruding round surface 631 is equal to R 8 The radian of the circular surface is equal to alpha 2 A first cathode pit 611 is formed at the left end of the first cathode electrode 601, the radius of the first cathode pit 611 being equal to R 9 . The outer ring at the left end of the second cathode electrode 602 is processed into a protruding round surface 632, and the radius of the protruding round surface 632 is equal to R 8 The radian of the circular surface is equal to alpha 2 ，α 2 A second cathode pit 612 is formed at the left end of the second cathode electrode 602, the radius of the first cathode pit 612 being equal to R 9 ，R 4 <R 9 ＝R 7 -2R 8 。
As shown in fig. 12, the anode electrode 7 has a special-shaped structure, and the material is generally stainless steel. The anode electrode 7 is a hemispherical shape with a round surface at the left end and a protrusion at the right end. Referring to FIG. 13, the radius of the hemisphere at the right end of the anode electrode 7 is equal to R 10 ，R 10 <R 1 The left end surface edge of the anode electrode 7 is processed to be equal to R in radius 8 Is equal to alpha 1 . The center of the left end face of the anode electrode 7 is tapped with a radius equal to R 4 The depth of the fourth screw hole 71 is L 7 ，L 7 >L 1 -T. The anode rod 3 is inserted into the fourth screw hole 71 of the anode electrode 7.
A specific example is given below, let as example 1. Embodiment 1 the insulating chamber 1 is a cylinder made of plexiglas, and the insulating chamber 1 is constituted by a front insulating end plate 11, an insulating cylinder 12 and a rear insulating end plate 13. The insulating cylinder 12 is composed of a front stretching circular ring 121, a cylindrical cylinder 122 and a rear stretching circular ring 123, and the total length l=140 cm of the insulating cylinder 12. The cylinder 122 side wall thickness p=0.5 cm, the inner radius is R 1 =17.5 cm, outer radius R 2 =18 cm. The inner radius of the front stretching circular ring 121 is R 1 External radius R =17.5 cm 3 =20 cm, thickness d=1 cm; the radius of the front stretching circular ring 121 is r 1 M=12 circles with diameter d are dug on the circumference of=19 cm 1 Through hole 1211=1cm; the front stretching ring 121 and the rear stretching ring 123 are identical, and the installation positions are symmetrical about the center plane AA'. The front insulating end plate 11 is made of plexiglas and has a disk shape with a radius R 3 =20 cm, thickness t=3 cm; the radius r of the front insulating end plate 11 with the center O as the origin 1 M=12 circles with diameter d are dug on the circumference of =19cm 1 Through hole 111 of =1cm and a radius R is drilled in center O of front insulating end plate 11 4 First through hole 112 of=1.1cm. The rear insulating end plate 13 is made of plexiglas and has a disk shape with a radius R 3 =20 cm, thickness t=3 cm; at the rear insulating end plate 13 radius r 1 M=12 circles with diameter d are dug on the circumference of=19 cm 1 Through hole 131 of =1cm, and radius r of rear insulating end plate 13 with center O' as origin 2 Circumference of 10cm, and two radii R are drilled at the intersection with the center line CC' of the rear insulating end plate 13 4 Second through hole 132 and third through hole 133 of=1.1 cm.
The first cathode rod 201 and the second cathode rod 202 are identical in material, shape and structure. The first cathode rod 201 is a round rod with a disc, and is composed of a first cathode disc 211 and a first cathode round rod 221, and is made of stainless steel; the first cathode disk 211 has a radius R 5 =2 cm, thickness w=0.5 cm; the first cathode round bar 221 has a length L 1 Cylinder of =4.5 cm with outer radius R 4 =1.1 cm, inner radius R 6 =0.5 cm, the first cathode rod 201 is centered with a radius R 6 Fourth via 2011=0.5 cm.
The anode rod 3 is a round rod with a disc and consists of an anode disc 31 and an anode round rod 32, and is made of stainless steel; the radius of the anode disc 31 is R 5 2cm, w=0.5 cm in thickness, and length L of anode rod 32 1 =4.5 cm, radius R 4 =1.1 cm; the anode rod 3 is dug from the center of the left end face of the anode disc 31 to the right with a radius R 6 First threaded hole 311 of=0.5 cm, first threaded hole 311 depth L 2 ＝2cm。
The first insulating rod 401 and the second insulating rod 402 are identical in material, shape and structure. The first insulating rod 401 is a round rod with a disc, and is composed of a first insulating disc 411 and a first insulating round rod 421, and is made of nylon; the radius of the first insulating disk 411 is R 4 1.1cm, m=0.35 cm thick, and the length of the first insulating round bar 421 is L 3 =9cm, radius R 6 =0.5 cm, the first insulating rod 401 is centered with a radius r 3 Sixth through hole 4011 =0.2cm.
The first trigger lever 51 and the second trigger lever 52 are identical in material, shape and structure. The first trigger rod 51 is in the shape of an elongated round rod, made of stainless steel, and has a length l=10.5 cm and a radius r 3 =0.2 cm; the left end face of the first trigger rod 51 is at a distance l from the left end face of the first insulating rod 401 1 =0.5 cm, the distance between the right end face of the first trigger lever 51 and the right end face of the first insulating lever 401 is l 2 =0.65 cm. The first cathode electrode 601 and the second cathode electrode 602 are completely identical in material, shape and structure, are of special-shaped structures, and are made of stainless steel.
The maximum radius of the first cathode electrode 601 is R 7 =4.5 cm, maximum thickness L 4 =5.5 cm, the right end edge of the first cathode electrode 601 is machined to a radius R 8 First rounded corner 621 of 1.1cm, circular surface radian of first rounded corner 621 is α 1 =1/2pi; the center of the right end face of the first cathode electrode 601 is tapped with a radius R 4 Second screw hole 6011 of 1.1cm, depth L 5 =2.4 cm; the left end face of the first cathode electrode 601 is tapped with a radius R 6 Eighth through hole 6012 of 0.5cm with depth L 6 =2cm; the outer ring at the left end of the first cathode electrode 601 is processed into a protruding round surface 631, and the radius of the protruding round surface 631 is R 8 =1.1 cm, circular arc α 2 Pi, forming a first cathode pit 611 at the left end of the first cathode electrode 601, the first cathode pit 611 having a radius R 9 ＝2.3cm。
The anode electrode 7 is integrally formed into a hemispherical shape with a round surface at the left end and a protuberance at the right end, and is made of stainless steel. The radius of the hemisphere at the right end of the anode electrode 7 is R 10 =6cm, the left end face edge of the anode electrode 7 was processed into halfThe diameter is R 8 Rounded angle of 1.1cm, circular arc of alpha 1 =1/2pi; the center of the left end face of the anode electrode 7 is tapped with a radius R 4 Fourth screw hole 71 of=1.1 cm, depth of fourth screw hole 71 is L 7 ＝4cm。
The embodiment 1 has a wider working voltage distribution range (1 kV-300 kV) and a conduction time delay of mu s level, and the influence of the trigger rod on a main gap electric field is small due to the fact that the energy introduced by the trigger voltage of the trigger rod is small, the possibility of electrode ablation is low, and the low-jitter long-time stable operation of the high-voltage gas switch can be realized. Embodiment 1 has the advantages of flexible and safe triggering system, simple structure, good economy and the like because of no triggering shaft of the mechanical shunt switch. Embodiment 1 adopts trigger lever, insulator spindle, the nested form of cathode pole three, is favorable to carrying out the electrical isolation with trigger lever and the cathode pole of metal material through the insulator spindle in the course of the work, is convenient for follow trigger lever and cathode pole respectively safe, stable extraction with trigger voltage and output voltage.
Claims (10)
1. The high-power gas shunt switch based on electric triggering is characterized by comprising an insulating cavity (1), 2 cathode rods (2), 1 anode rod (3), 2 insulating rods (4), 2 triggering rods (5), 2 cathode electrodes (6) and 1 anode electrode (7); the 2 cathode rods (2) are fixed on a rear insulation end plate (13) of the insulation cavity (1) through holes; the anode rod (3) is fixed on a front insulating end plate (11) of the insulating cavity (1) through a through hole, the 2 cathode electrodes (6) are respectively fixed on the 2 cathode rods (2) through threaded holes, and the anode electrode (7) is fixed on the anode rod (3) through the threaded holes; the 2 trigger rods (5) are respectively fixed in the 2 insulating rods (4) through the through holes, and the 2 insulating rods (4) are respectively inserted into the through holes of the 2 cathode rods (2) and are respectively connected with the 2 cathode electrodes (6);
The insulation cavity (1) is a cylindrical cavity with two end faces, and the insulation cavity (1) is composed of a front insulation end plate (11), an insulation cylinder (12) and a rear insulation end plate (13); defining one end of an anode electrode (7) connected with a high-voltage power supply as a left end and one end of a cathode electrode (6) connected with a load as a right end;
the front insulating end plate (11) is fixedly arranged at the left end of the insulating cylinder (12), the rear insulating end plate (13) is fixedly arranged at the right end of the insulating cylinder (12), and the front insulating end plate (11) and the rear insulating end plate (13) are symmetrical relative to a central plane AA' of the insulating cavity (1) which is parallel to the front insulating end plate (11) and the rear insulating end plate (13) and is equal in distance to the front insulating end plate (11) and the rear insulating end plate (13); the thickness of the front insulating end plate (11) is equal to T;
the insulating cylinder (12) consists of a front stretching circular ring (121), a cylindrical cylinder (122) and a rear stretching circular ring (123), wherein the front stretching circular ring (121) and the rear stretching circular ring (123) are the same; the total length of the insulating cylinder (12) is equal to L, and the thickness p=R of the side wall of the column cylinder (122) 2 -R 1 ，R 2 >R 1 ，R 1 Is the inner radius of a cylindrical barrel (122), R 2 Is the outer radius of the cylindrical barrel (122); the front stretching circular ring (121) is welded at the left end of the cylindrical barrel (122), and the rear stretching circular ring (123) is welded at the right end of the cylindrical barrel (122); the inner radius of the front stretching circular ring (121) is equal to R 1 The outer radius is equal to R 3 Thickness equal to d, radius equal to r on the pre-stretched ring (121) 1 Is dug with M circles with diameter equal to d 1 Is a through hole (1211); the inner radius of the post-stretching circular ring (123) is equal to R 1 The outer radius is equal to R 3 Thickness equal to d, radius equal to r on the post-stretching ring (123) 1 Is dug with M circles with diameter equal to d 1 Is provided with a through hole (1231);
the front insulating end plate (11) is in a disc shape, and the radius of the disc is equal to R 3 The thickness is equal to T; the radius of the front insulating end plate (11) taking the center O as the origin is equal to r 1 M through holes (111) are dug on the circumference of the front stretching ring (121), and the right end face of the front insulating end plate (11) is connected with the left end face of the front stretching ring through insulating screws; the center O of the front insulating end plate (11) is drilled with a radius equal to R 4 The anode rod 3 is inserted into the first through hole (112) of the front insulating end plate (11);
the rear insulating end plate (13) is in a disc shape, and the radius of the disc is equal to R 3 The thickness is equal to T, and the front insulating end plate (11) and the central plane AA' are symmetrically arranged at the right end of the insulating cylinder (12); the radius of the rear insulating end plate (13) is equal to r 1 M tenth passages are dug on the circumference ofThe left end face of the rear insulating end plate (13) is connected with the right end face of the rear stretching circular ring (123) through insulating screws; the radius of the rear insulating end plate (13) with the center O' as the origin is equal to r 2 And two radii equal to R are drilled respectively at the intersection with the center line CC' of the rear insulating end plate (13) 4 A second through hole (132) and a third through hole (133); the second through hole (132) and the third through hole (133) are vertically symmetrical about a central plane BB' which is parallel to the first cathode electrode (601) and the second cathode electrode (602) and is equidistant from the first cathode electrode (601) and the second cathode electrode (602), the second through hole (132) is positioned at the upper end of the third through hole (133), the first cathode rod (201) is inserted into the second through hole (132), and the second cathode rod (202) is inserted into the third through hole (133);
the first cathode rod (201) and the second cathode rod (202) are the same in material, shape and structure; the first cathode rod (201) is a round rod with a disc and is composed of a first cathode disc (211) and a first cathode round rod (221); the second cathode rod (202) is a round rod with a disc and is composed of a second cathode disc (212) and a second cathode round rod (222); the first cathode disc (211) is welded on the right end surface of the first cathode round rod (221) to form a first cathode rod (201); the left end face of the second cathode disc (212) is welded on the right end face of the second cathode round rod (222) to form a second cathode rod (202); the radius of the first cathode disk (211) is equal to R 6 The thickness is equal to w; the first cathode round bar (221) has a length equal to L 1 Is equal to R 4 An inner radius equal to R 6 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The radius of the second cathode disk (212) is equal to R 5 The thickness is equal to w; the second cathode round bar (222) has a length equal to L 1 Is equal to R 4 An inner radius equal to R 6 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The first cathode round rod (221) penetrates through the second through hole (132) from the right end of the rear insulating end plate (13) to be fixedly connected with the rear insulating end plate (13), and the second cathode round rod (222) penetrates through the third through hole (133) from the right end of the rear insulating end plate (13) to be fixedly connected with the rear insulating end plate (13); a fourth through hole (2011) is formed in the center of the first cathode rod (201), and a fifth through hole (2021) is formed in the center of the second cathode rod (202); a first insulating rod (401) is inserted into a fourth through hole (2011) of the first cathode rod (201), and a fifth through hole (2021) of the second cathode rod (202) is insertedA second insulating rod (402);
the anode rod (3) is a round rod with a disc and consists of an anode disc (31) and an anode round rod (32), and the right end face of the anode disc (31) is welded on the left end face of the anode round rod (32) to form the anode rod (3); the anode round rod (32) passes through the first through hole (112) from the left side of the front insulating end plate (11) and is fixed at the center of the front insulating end plate (11); the anode rod (3) is provided with a first threaded hole (311) from the center of the left end face of the anode disc (31) to the right;
The first insulating rod (401) and the second insulating rod (402) are the same in material, shape and structure; the first insulating rod (401) is a round rod with a disc, and is composed of a first insulating disc (411) and a first insulating round rod (421), and the second insulating rod (402) is a round rod with a disc, and is composed of a second insulating disc (412) and a second insulating round rod (422); the right end face of the first insulating disc (411) is welded on the left end face of the first insulating round rod (421) to form a first insulating rod (401); the right end face of the second insulating disc (412) is welded on the left end face of the second insulating round rod (422) to form a second insulating rod (402); the first insulating round rod (421) is fixedly connected with the first cathode electrode (601) through an eighth through hole (6012) of the first cathode electrode (601), and the right end face of the first insulating disc (411) is overlapped with the left end face of the first cathode electrode (601); the second insulating round rod (422) is fixedly connected with the second cathode electrode (602) through a ninth through hole (6022) of the second cathode electrode (602), and the right end face of the second insulating disc (412) is overlapped with the left end face of the second cathode electrode (602); meanwhile, the first insulating rod (401) is inserted into the fourth through hole (2011) of the first cathode rod (201), and the second insulating rod (402) is inserted into the fifth through hole (2021) of the second cathode rod (202); a sixth through hole (4011) is dug in the center of the first insulating rod (401), and the first trigger rod (51) is coaxially nested in the radius r from the left end of the first insulating rod (401) through the sixth through hole (4011) 3 Is in the sixth through hole (4011); the second insulating rod (402) is dug with radius equal to r 3 The second trigger rod (52) is coaxially nested in the seventh through hole (4021) from the left end of the second insulating rod (402) through the seventh through hole (4021);
the first triggering rod (51) and the second triggering rod (52) are the same in material, shape and structure; the first trigger rod (51) and the second trigger rod (52) are in an elongated round rod shape, the first trigger rod (51) is inserted into a sixth through hole (4011) of the first insulating rod (401), and the second trigger rod (52) is inserted into a seventh through hole (4021) of the second insulating rod (402);
the materials, shapes and structures of the first cathode electrode (601) and the second cathode electrode (602) are the same, the first cathode electrode (601) is of a special-shaped structure, the whole first cathode electrode (601) is of a disc shape with a first cathode pit (611) at the left end face, the left end face of the first cathode electrode (601) is processed into a first protruding round face (631), the right end face of the first cathode electrode (601) is processed into a first round corner (621), and the radius of the first round corner (621) is R 8 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The whole second cathode electrode (602) is disc-shaped, the left end face of the second cathode electrode (602) is provided with a second cathode pit (612), the left end face of the second cathode electrode (602) is processed into a second protruding round face (632), and the right end face of the second cathode electrode (602) is processed into a second round angle (622); the edge of the right end face of the first cathode electrode (601) is processed into a first round angle (621), a second threaded hole (6011) is formed in the center of the right end face of the first cathode electrode (601), and a third threaded hole (6021) is formed in the center of the right end face of the second cathode electrode (602); a first cathode rod (201) is inserted into a second threaded hole (6011) of the first cathode electrode (601), and a second cathode rod (202) is inserted into a third threaded hole (6021) of the second cathode electrode (602); an eighth through hole (6012) is formed in the left end face of the first cathode electrode (601), and a first insulating round rod (421) penetrates through the eighth through hole (6012) from the left end of the first cathode electrode (601) and is fixedly connected with the first cathode electrode (601); a ninth through hole (6022) is formed in the left end face of the second cathode electrode (602), and the second insulating round rod (422) penetrates through the ninth through hole (6022) from the left end of the second cathode electrode (602) and is fixedly connected with the second cathode electrode (602); the left end face of the first cathode electrode (601) is overlapped with the right end face of the first insulating disc (411), and the left end face of the second cathode electrode (602) is overlapped with the right end face of the second insulating disc (412); the outer ring at the left end of the first cathode electrode (601) is processed into a first protruding round surface (631), and a first cathode pit (611) is formed at the left end of the first cathode electrode (601); the outer ring at the left end of the second cathode electrode (602) is processed into a second protruding round surface (632), and a second cathode pit (612) is formed at the left end of the second cathode electrode (602);
The anode electrode (7) is of a special-shaped structure, the whole anode electrode (7) is hemispherical, the left end of the hemispherical is provided with a round surface, and the right end of the hemispherical protrudes; processing the left end surface edge of the anode electrode (7) into a round angle; a fourth threaded hole (71) is tapped at the center of the left end face of the anode electrode (7), and an anode rod (3) is inserted into the fourth threaded hole (71).
2. An electrically triggered high power gas shunt switch according to claim 1, characterized in that said insulating cavity (1) is made of insulating material; the first cathode rod (201) and the second cathode rod (202) are made of stainless steel; the anode rod (3) is made of stainless steel; the first insulating rod (401) and the second insulating rod (402) are made of insulating materials; the first triggering rod (51) and the second triggering rod (52) are made of stainless steel; the first cathode electrode (601) and the second cathode electrode (602) are made of stainless steel; the anode electrode (7) is made of stainless steel.
3. An electrically triggered high power gas shunt switch according to claim 1, characterised in that the total length L of the insulating cylinder (12) is 13.5 cm-14.5 cm, the inner radius R of the cylinder (122) 1 Is 17 cm-18 cm, and the outer radius R of the cylindrical barrel (122) 2 17.5cm to 18.5cm; the inner radius of the front stretching circular ring (121) is equal to R 1 Outer radius R 3 >R 2 The thickness d is 0.5 cm-1.5 cm, and the radius r of the circumference of the front stretching circular ring (121) 1 Satisfy R 2 <r 1 <R 3 Diameter of the through hole (1211)The number M of the through holes (1211) is more than or equal to 12 and less than or equal to 24.
4. An electrically triggered high power gas shunt switch according to claim 1, characterized by the thickness T of said front insulating end plate (11)<L 1 +w; the diameter of the through hole (111) of the front insulating end plate (11) is d 1 Radius R of the first through hole (112) 4 <R 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The tenth through hole (131) on the rear insulating end plate (13) has a diameter d 1 The said
5. An electrically triggered high power gas shunt switch according to claim 1, characterised in that said first cathode disc (211) has a radius R 5 >R 4 The thickness w is 0.3 cm-0.7 cm; length L of first cathode round bar (221) 1 Is 4 cm-5 cm, and the inner radius R 6 <R 4 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The radius of the fourth through hole (2011) of the first cathode rod (201) is equal to R 6 The radius of the fifth through hole (2021) of the second cathode rod (202) is equal to R 6 。
6. An electrically triggered high power gas shunt switch according to claim 1, characterized in that the radius of the anode disc (31) of the anode rod (3) is equal to R 5 The thickness is equal to w; the length of the anode round rod (32) is equal to L 1 Radius equal to R 4 The radius of the first threaded hole (311) is equal to R 6 Depth L 2 <L 1 。
7. An electrically triggered high power gas shunt switch according to claim 1, characterised in that said first insulating disc (411) has a radius equal to R 4 The thickness m is 0.3 cm-0.4 cm, and the length L of the first insulating round rod (421) 3 >L 5 +L 6 +T+w, radius equal to R 6 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The radius of the second insulating disk (412) is equal to R 4 The thickness is equal to m, and the length of the second insulating round rod (422) is equal to L 3 Radius equal to R 6 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Radius r of a sixth through hole 4011 of the first insulating rod 401 3 <R 6 。
8. An electrically triggered high power gas shunt switch according to claim 1, characterized in that the length l of said first (51) and second (52) trigger levers>L 3 +m, radius equal to radius r of sixth through hole (4011) 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Distance l between the left end face of the first trigger rod (51) and the left end face of the first insulating rod (401) 1 <R 8 -m, first touchDistance l between right end face of hair rod (51) and right end face of first insulating rod (401) 2 ＝l-(l 1 +L 3 +m); the distance between the left end face of the second trigger rod (52) and the left end face of the second insulating rod (402) is equal to l 1 The distance between the right end face of the second trigger rod (52) and the right end face of the second insulating rod (402) is equal to l 2 。
9. An electrically triggered high power gas shunt switch according to claim 1, characterized in that said first cathode electrode (601) has a maximum radius R 7 4 cm-5 cm, maximum thicknessRadius R of the first rounded corner (621) 8 Is 1cm to 1.2cm, and the radian alpha of the circular surface of the first circular bead (621) 1 =1/2pi; the radius of the second threaded hole (6011) is equal to R 4 The radius of the third threaded hole (6021) is equal to R 4 The depth of the second screw hole (6011) and the third screw hole (6021) are L 5 ，L 6 <L 5 <L 4 And L is 5 +T>L 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The radius of the eighth through hole (6012) is equal to R 6 The radius of the ninth through hole (6022) is equal to R 6 Eighth through hole (6012) and ninth through hole (6022) depth L 6 >L 3 -(L 5 +t+w); the radius of the protruding round surface (631) is equal to R 8 The arc alpha of the round surface of the protruding round surface (631) 2 Pi, radius R of first cathode pit (611) 9 Satisfy R 4 <R 9 ＝R 7 -2R 8 。
10. An electrically triggered high power gas shunt switch according to claim 1 or 9, characterized in that the right end of said anode electrode (7) has a hemispherical radius R 10 <R 1 The fillet radius of the left end face edge processing of the anode electrode (7) is equal to R 8 The radian of the circular surface is equal to alpha 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The radius of the fourth threaded hole (71) is equal to R 4 Depth L of fourth screw hole (71) 7 >L 1 -T。
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