CN107332107B - A kind of pulse power magnetic delay pseudospark switch - Google Patents

A kind of pulse power magnetic delay pseudospark switch Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107332107B
CN107332107B CN201710354604.XA CN201710354604A CN107332107B CN 107332107 B CN107332107 B CN 107332107B CN 201710354604 A CN201710354604 A CN 201710354604A CN 107332107 B CN107332107 B CN 107332107B
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switch
magnetic
pseudospark
anode
hollow
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CN107332107A (en
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丁卫东
闫家启
程乐
王亚楠
申赛康
李志闯
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Xian Jiaotong University
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Xian Jiaotong University
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01TSPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T1/00Details of spark gaps
    • H01T1/20Means for starting arc or facilitating ignition of spark gap
    • H01T1/22Means for starting arc or facilitating ignition of spark gap by the shape or the composition of the electrodes
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01TSPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T2/00Spark gaps comprising auxiliary triggering means
    • H01T2/02Spark gaps comprising auxiliary triggering means comprising a trigger electrode or an auxiliary spark gap

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  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
  • Magnetic Treatment Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The disclosure discloses a kind of pulse power magnetic delay pseudospark switch, including pseudospark switch and magnetic switch two parts, magnetic switch is connected on pseudospark switch anode tap, magnetic switch is made of several circle conducting wires of nanocrystalline or ferrite toroidal magnetic core coiling, pseudospark switch is made of insulation crust and hollow cathode, hollow anode and trigger electrode, and the intracorporal pressure of closed chamber being made of the cover board of insulation crust and hollow cathode, hollow anode is 1~100Pa.The opposing end surface of hollow cathode and hollow anode is provided with several circular holes, and bore dia and both ends of the surface distance are 3~5mm;Trigger electrode is arranged in hollow cathode inside cavity, and discharge type is pseudo- spark discharge.The voltagesecond product parameter of magnetic switch must be sufficient to make after voltage drops into very low value on pseudospark switch, and electric current just starts largely to circulate.The effect of magnetic delay greatly reduces the conduction loss and electron energy of pseudospark switch, reduces anode ablation, while accelerating the speed of electric current rising.

Description

A kind of pulse power magnetic delay pseudospark switch
Technical field
The disclosure belongs to the fields such as Pulse Power Techniques, gas laser, extreme ultraviolet photolithographic power supply, in particular to a kind of arteries and veins Rush power magnetic delay spark switch.
Background technique
High pressure pulse discharge switch be one of Primary Component of Pulse Power Techniques, High-Power Microwave, gas laser, Extreme ultraviolet photolithographic, particle accelerator etc. have the function of becoming more and more important.Carry out both at home and abroad for high pressure pulse discharge switch Lasting research, common form have high gas pressure switch, magnetic switch, solid-state switch, pseudospark switch etc..But single device is deposited It is difficult to overcome in inherent shortcoming.Compared to the limitation that single switching device is met with, magnetic switch and other switches are used cooperatively Magnetic delay switch technology huge development potentiality is shown in repetitive frequency pulsed power system.
It is in series with pseudospark switch by magnetic switch that magnetic postpones pseudospark switch.Magnetic switch is substantially a saturable Inductance, repetition are had excellent performance, and can be worked under the high repetition frequency of kilohertz, no insulation recovery compared with gas switch With electrode erosion problem, pressure resistance and discharge capacity are big compared with semiconductor switch.However, high voltage applications are to magnetic switch voltagesecond product More demanding, the problem of pulse front edge slows down or core volume rises, is more prominent.Pseudospark switch is that one kind has development very much The pulse power switch of potentiality, with other gas switch such as hyperbar spark gap switch, Triggered Vacuum Switch and hydrogen thyratron Etc. comparing, have size small, discharge current rising steepness is big, and delay variation is small, and through-current capability is strong, and electrode erosion is small, and the service life is long, Can be by 100% reverse current, the advantages that medium recovery speed is fast, and repetition rate is even up to 100kHz.In specific application It was found that there are still problems is urgently to be resolved for high repetition frequency pseudospark switch, if conduction loss is big, lead to switch fever, again Complex frequency working time, service life and stability are limited;Anode ablation is more serious, influences stable discharge in entire life span Property;Insulation recovery speed needs to be further increased.
Summary of the invention
Based on this, the disclosure discloses a kind of pulse power magnetic delay pseudospark switch, and the pseudospark switch includes Magnetic switch (1) and pseudospark switch (2);
The magnetic switch (1) is used for the rise time of delayed current;
The pseudospark switch (2) is used to undertake the high voltage of pulsed discharge;
The magnetic switch (1) includes high-voltage insulating wire (3) and toroidal core (4);
The high-voltage insulating wire (3) is wound on toroidal core (4);
The pseudospark switch (2) include anode cover board (5), cathode cover board (6), hollow anode (7), hollow cathode (8), Insulation crust (9) and trigger unit (11);
The anode cover board (5), cathode cover board (6) and insulation crust (9) constitute airtight cavity;
It include hollow anode (7), hollow cathode (8) and trigger unit (11) inside the insulation crust.
The disclosure has following technical effect that
1, the disclosure provides a kind of novel high-pressure pulsed discharge switch with magnetic delay switch technology, this switch has pole Big current-rising-rate, extremely low conduction loss, electrode erosion rate are low and the service life is extremely long.
2, the opposing end surface of hollow cathode and hollow anode described in the disclosure is provided with several circular holes, and bore dia is 3~ 5mm, the distance of two electrode discharge generating surfaces are 3~5mm;Trigger electrode passes through cathode cover board by insulating sleeve, and is arranged in sky The heart-yin pole inside cavity;Electric discharge is caused by trigger electrode, is developed along cathode aperture and anode axially bored line, and discharge plasma expands to hole Peripheral region, discharge type are pseudo- spark discharge.
3, the voltagesecond product parameter of magnetic switch described in the disclosure must reach certain requirement, it is sufficient to so that pseudospark switch is connected In the process, after Voltage Drop to very low value, electric current just starts largely to circulate.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of one embodiment in the disclosure;
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of one embodiment in this disclosure;
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of one embodiment in the disclosure;
Wherein, magnetic switch (1) and pseudospark switch (2), high-voltage insulating wire (3), toroidal core (4), anode cover board (5), cathode cover board (6), hollow anode (7), hollow cathode (8), insulation crust (9), dielectric thin slice (10), trigger unit (11), trigger electrode (12), insulating sleeve (13), insulating sleeve (14).
Specific embodiment
Structural principle and working principle of the invention are described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawing.
In one embodiment, the disclosure discloses a kind of pulse power magnetic delay pseudospark switch, including magnetic switch (1) and pseudospark switch (2);
The magnetic switch (1) is used for the rise time of delayed current;
The pseudospark switch (2) is used to undertake the high voltage of pulsed discharge;
The magnetic switch (1) includes high-voltage insulating wire (3) and toroidal core (4);
The high-voltage insulating wire (3) is wound on toroidal core (4);
The pseudospark switch (2) include anode cover board (5), cathode cover board (6), hollow anode (7), hollow cathode (8), Insulation crust (9) and trigger unit (11);
The anode cover board (5), cathode cover board (6) and insulation crust (9) constitute airtight cavity;
It include hollow anode (7), hollow cathode (8) and trigger unit (11) inside the insulation crust.
The working principle of the present embodiment is: after trigger electrode applies trigger pulse, pseudospark switch both end voltage is fallen rapidly It falls, but electric current is ended by magnetic switch, can almost ignore.In the process that magnetic switch changes from unsaturated state to saturation state In, the plasma inside pseudospark switch is able to sufficiently develop and double.Magnetic switch is rapid once high current in saturation, circuit Circulation, and at this time on pseudospark switch pressure drop oneself drop into very low value.Therefore, the effect of magnetic delay greatly reduces pseudo- spark and opens The conduction loss and electron energy of pass, reduce anode ablation, while accelerating the speed of electric current rising.
In one embodiment, the magnetic switch (1) and the hollow anode (8) of pseudospark switch (2) are connected in series.
In one embodiment, the number of turns of the high-voltage insulating wire (3) being wound on toroidal core (4) from a circle to Several circles are not equal and are uniformly distributed;
The material selection ferrite of the toroidal core (4) and nanocrystalline;
The material that the high-voltage insulating wire core wire is made is copper, and the material of insulation sheath is silica gel.
In the present embodiment, the high-voltage insulating wire constitutes coil on magnetic core, and conducting electric current simultaneously makes interior metal Core wire and magnetic core isolation, the specific the number of turns of high-voltage insulating wire is selected according to the voltagesecond product parameter of magnetic core required in actual use, Purpose is the ability in order to reach suitable withstanding voltage amplitude and pulse width, and the suitable delayed current rise time.
The material selection ferrite of the present embodiment toroidal core (4) and nanocrystalline reason are: the magnetic hysteresis of both magnetic cores Loop line closer to rectangle and high frequency performance it is good, compared to materials such as silicon steel sheets, make the magnetic switch institute of identical voltagesecond product parameter The core volume needed is smaller, is suitble in repetitive frequency pulsed power domain application.
In one embodiment, the closed chamber that described anode cover board (5), cathode cover board (6) and insulation crust (9) are constituted Body internal pressure is 1~100Pa.
In the present embodiment, it is half left to work in Ba Shen curve in 1-100Pa for the operating air pressure range of pseudospark switch.
In one embodiment, the end face of hollow anode (7) and hollow cathode (8) is provided with the circular hole of 3~5mm of diameter, and Parallel opposite, spacing is 3~5mm.
Under dimensional structure as the present embodiment, pseudospark switch voltage endurance capability with higher and convenient for hollow The generation of cathodic discharge.
In one embodiment, the trigger unit (11) is arranged in hollow cathode (8) inside, and the circle on face cathode Hole.
In the present embodiment, the trigger unit (11) is arranged in hollow cathode (8) inside, and the circular hole on face cathode It is that can also not triggered when face, but trigger effect to deteriorate to realize preferable triggering effect.
In one embodiment, the pseudospark switch further includes having self-control high-voltage pulse generator and insulating sleeve (13);
The self-control high-voltage pulse generator and trigger unit cooperation generate trigger signal;
The trigger signal is introduced by insulating sleeve (13), and is mutually insulated with cathode cover board (6).
In the present embodiment, the trigger signal is generated by self-control high-voltage pulse generator, and principle is alternating current through full-bridge It is rectified into direct current and to capacitor charging, capacitor gives the electric discharge of pulse transformer primary side, arteries and veins by solid-state switches such as IGBT or MOSFET Transformer secondary output high-voltage pulse signal is rushed, is introduced by insulating sleeve (13), and mutually insulate with cathode cover board (6).
In one embodiment, the trigger unit (11) includes dielectric thin slice (10) and trigger electrode (12);
The dielectric thin slice (10) is sandwiched between two trigger electrodes (12), and connects with two trigger electrodes (12) Touching.
In one embodiment, the trigger unit (10) includes a metal fine needle, and the diameter of fine needle is less than 1mm.
In one embodiment, referring to Fig. 1, the present embodiment includes magnetic switch (1) and pseudospark switch (2).Magnetic switch (1) It is wound on toroidal core (4) and is constituted by conducting wire (3).The structure of pseudospark switch (2) includes anode cover board (5), cathode cover board (6), insulation crust (9), hollow anode (7) and hollow cathode (8) and trigger unit (11) inside insulation crust. Magnetic switch (1) is connected on the anode of pseudospark switch (2), and the number of turns of coiling is not from to several equal and be uniformly distributed, magnetic core (4) Typical material select ferrite and nanocrystalline.The closed chamber that anode cover board (5), cathode cover board (6) and insulation crust (9) are constituted Body internal pressure is 1~100Pa.The end face of hollow anode (7) and hollow cathode (8) is provided with the circular hole of 3~5mm of diameter, and flat Row is opposite, and spacing is 3~5mm.Trigger unit (11) is arranged in hollow cathode (8) inside, and face cathode circular hole;Trigger signal It is introduced by insulating sleeve (13), and insulate with cathode cover board (6).Trigger unit (11) is by dielectric thin slice (10) and touching Generate electricity pole (12) composition.Dielectric thin slice (10) is sandwiched between two trigger electrodes (12), and is in close contact with the two.
Magnetic described in the present embodiment postpones pseudospark switch and switchs different from general pulsed discharge, magnetic switch (1) and puppet The parameter of spark switch (2) the two major parts needs to cooperate.The voltagesecond product parameter of magnetic switch must reach certain requirement, It is sufficient to make in pseudospark switch turn on process, after Voltage Drop to very low value, electric current just starts largely to circulate.In addition, triggering The discharge type that unit (11) generates at work is creeping discharge, the discharge type that pseudospark switch (2) generates at work For hollow cathode discharge.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 2, the present embodiment includes magnetic switch (1) and pseudospark switch (2).Magnetic switch (1) It is wound on toroidal core (4) and is constituted by conducting wire (3).The structure of pseudospark switch (2) includes anode cover board (5), cathode cover board (6), insulation crust (9), hollow anode (7) and hollow cathode (8) and trigger unit (10) inside insulation crust. Magnetic switch (1) is connected on the anode of pseudospark switch (2), and the number of turns of coiling is not from to several equal and be uniformly distributed, magnetic core (4) Typical material select ferrite and nanocrystalline.The closed chamber that anode cover board (5), cathode cover board (6) and insulation crust (9) are constituted Body internal pressure is 1~100Pa.The end face of hollow anode (7) and hollow cathode (8) is provided with the circular hole of 3~5mm of diameter, and flat Row is opposite, and spacing is 3~Smm.Trigger unit (10) is arranged in hollow cathode (8) inside, and face cathode circular hole;Trigger signal It is introduced by insulating sleeve (11), and insulate with cathode cover board (6).Trigger unit (10) is made of a metal fine needle, carefully The diameter of needle is less than 1mm.
Magnetic described in the present embodiment postpones pseudospark switch and switchs different from general pulsed discharge, magnetic switch (1) and puppet The parameter of spark switch (2) the two major parts needs to cooperate.The voltagesecond product parameter of magnetic switch must reach certain requirement, It is sufficient to make in pseudospark switch turn on process, after Voltage Drop to very low value, electric current just starts largely to circulate.In addition, triggering The discharge type that unit (11) generates at work is Field Electron Emission, the electric discharge that pseudospark switch (2) generates at work Form is hollow cathode discharge.
In one embodiment, referring to Fig. 3, the present embodiment includes magnetic switch (1) and pseudospark switch (2).Magnetic switch (1) It is wound on toroidal core (4) and is constituted by conducting wire (3).The structure of pseudospark switch (2) includes anode cover board (5), cathode cover board (6), target (9), insulation crust (10), hollow anode (7) and hollow cathode (8) inside insulation crust, and Trigger unit (12).Magnetic switch (1) is connected on the anode of pseudospark switch (2), and the number of turns of coiling is to several grades and Even distribution, the typical material of magnetic core (4) select ferrite and nanocrystalline.Anode cover board (5), cathode cover board (6) and insulation crust (10) the airtight cavity internal pressure constituted is 1~100Pa.The end face of hollow anode (7) and hollow cathode (8) is provided with diameter 3 The circular hole of~5mm, and it is parallel opposite, spacing is 3~5mm.Trigger unit (12) is arranged in hollow cathode (8) inside, and face Cathode circular hole;Trigger signal is introduced by insulating sleeve (14), and insulate with cathode cover board (6).Trigger unit (11) is by exhausted Edge media sheet (11) and trigger electrode (13) composition.Dielectric thin slice (11) is sandwiched between two trigger electrodes (13), and It is in close contact with the two.
Magnetic described in the present embodiment postpones pseudospark switch and switchs different from general pulsed discharge, magnetic switch (1) and puppet The parameter of spark switch (2) the two major parts needs to cooperate.The voltagesecond product parameter of magnetic switch must reach certain requirement, It is sufficient to make in pseudospark switch turn on process, after Voltage Drop to very low value, electric current just starts largely to circulate.In addition, triggering The discharge type that unit (11) generates at work is creeping discharge, the discharge type that pseudospark switch (2) generates at work For hollow cathode discharge.Target (9) is located between hollow anode (7) and hollow cathode (8), to two interelectrode distances It is equal, between 3~5mm.Target (9) center is provided with circular hole, and diameter is opened with hollow anode (7) and hollow cathode (8) Circularhole diameter is identical, and three aperture coaxial lines.Target (9) can both be run with floating potential, can also pass through capacitor electricity Resistance is used with cathode and anode partial pressure.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations;Although referring to above-described embodiment Invention is explained in detail, those skilled in the art should understand that;It still can be to above-mentioned each implementation Technical solution documented by example is modified, or carries out equivalent substitute to part of technical characteristic;And these modification or It replaces, scope described in various embodiments of the present invention technology that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of pulse power postpones pseudospark switch with magnetic, it is characterised in that: the magnetic delay pseudospark switch includes that magnetic is opened Close (1) and pseudospark switch (2);
The magnetic switch (1) is used for the rise time of delayed current;
The pseudospark switch (2) is used to undertake the high voltage of pulsed discharge;
The magnetic switch (1) includes high-voltage insulating wire (3) and toroidal core (4);
The high-voltage insulating wire (3) is wound on toroidal core (4);
The pseudospark switch (2) includes anode cover board (5), cathode cover board (6), hollow anode (7), hollow cathode (8), insulation Shell (9) and trigger unit (11);
The anode cover board (5), cathode cover board (6) and insulation crust (9) constitute airtight cavity;
It include hollow anode (7), hollow cathode (8) and trigger unit (11) inside the insulation crust;
The magnetic switch (1) and the hollow anode (8) of pseudospark switch (2) are connected in series.
2. magnetic according to claim 1 postpones pseudospark switch, it is characterised in that: described to be wound on toroidal core (4) High-voltage insulating wire (3) the number of turns it is not equal from a circle to several circles and be uniformly distributed.
3. magnetic according to claim 1 postpones pseudospark switch, it is characterised in that: the material of the toroidal core (4) selects With ferrite and one of nanocrystalline;
The material selection copper of the high-voltage insulating wire core wire, the material selection silica gel of insulation sheath.
4. magnetic according to claim 1 postpones pseudospark switch, it is characterised in that: the anode cover board (5), cathode cover board (6) and the airtight cavity internal pressure of insulation crust (9) composition is 1~100Pa.
5. magnetic according to claim 1 postpones pseudospark switch, it is characterised in that: the hollow anode (7) and hollow yin The end face of pole (8) is provided with the circular hole of 3~5mm of diameter, and parallel opposite, and spacing is 3~5mm.
6. magnetic according to claim 5 postpones pseudospark switch, it is characterised in that: the trigger unit (11) is arranged in sky The heart-yin pole (8) is internal, and the circular hole on face cathode.
7. magnetic according to claim 6 postpones pseudospark switch, it is characterised in that: the trigger unit (11) includes insulation Media sheet (10) and trigger electrode (12);
The dielectric thin slice (10) is sandwiched between two trigger electrodes (12), and is in contact with two trigger electrodes (12).
8. magnetic according to claim 6 postpones pseudospark switch, it is characterised in that: the trigger unit (10) includes one The diameter of metal fine needle, fine needle is less than 1mm.
CN201710354604.XA 2017-05-18 2017-05-18 A kind of pulse power magnetic delay pseudospark switch Active CN107332107B (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112242644A (en) * 2019-07-18 2021-01-19 北京瑞天国峰科技有限公司 Low-pressure pulse gas switch and triggering method thereof
CN115102038B (en) * 2022-05-06 2023-05-16 北京航空航天大学 Double-gap pseudo-spark switch

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US5399941A (en) * 1993-05-03 1995-03-21 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Optical pseudospark switch
FR2741190B1 (en) * 1995-11-09 1998-01-16 Onera (Off Nat Aerospatiale) LOW PRESSURE ELECTRIC SWITCH WITH PSEUDO-SPARK TYPE
CN103248264B (en) * 2013-04-27 2015-08-05 西安交通大学 A kind of trigger for triggering Trigatron gas switch
CN105529230B (en) * 2016-02-03 2017-03-22 上海交通大学 Pseudo spark light-triggering discharge system

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