CN108631640B - Pulse driving source with variable output pulse width - Google Patents
Pulse driving source with variable output pulse width Download PDFInfo
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- CN108631640B CN108631640B CN201810448925.0A CN201810448925A CN108631640B CN 108631640 B CN108631640 B CN 108631640B CN 201810448925 A CN201810448925 A CN 201810448925A CN 108631640 B CN108631640 B CN 108631640B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K3/00—Circuits for generating electric pulses; Monostable, bistable or multistable circuits
- H03K3/02—Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses
- H03K3/53—Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses by the use of an energy-accumulating element discharged through the load by a switching device controlled by an external signal and not incorporating positive feedback
- H03K3/57—Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses by the use of an energy-accumulating element discharged through the load by a switching device controlled by an external signal and not incorporating positive feedback the switching device being a semiconductor device
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Abstract
The invention discloses a pulse driving source with variable output pulse width, which sequentially comprises a pulse forming unit, a main switch, a pulse transmission unit, an output diode and a coaxial structure magnetic switch. The magnetic switch with the coaxial structure is connected in parallel with two ends of the output diode and used for adjusting output pulse width of the two ends of the diode. The invention solves the problem that the pulse driving source can not realize output pulse width regulation at the present stage, and has important value for expanding the application field of the pulse driving source.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of pulse power, and relates to a pulse driving source with variable output pulse width.
Background
A high power pulse drive source is a type of device for generating GW-level output pulse electrical power, and in practical applications, is generally used for generating pulses with a certain pulse width (or half-width). The manner in which high power pulses are generated is varied, for example: a Marx generator, a Pulse Transformer (Pulse Transformer), a Pulse Forming Line (Pulse Forming Line), a Pulse Forming Network (Pulse Forming Network), and combinations thereof. The basic feature is that once the device is constructed, its output pulse width is unique.
High power pulse driving sources are widely used in military and civil applications, such as well-known applications in driving high power microwave sources to generate strong electromagnetic pulses, and in many fields of Z-ping technology, detection and security, industrial production inspection, material surface treatment and other industrial and agricultural production.
The high-power pulse driving source injects electrical pulse energy of dozens of GW magnitude into the high-power microwave source to drive and generate a strong current relativistic electron beam, and then outputs the high-power microwave of several GW level through the interaction of the beam wave.
In the civil field, the electric pulse fragmentation method is exemplified. The electric pulse crushing method utilizes the rapid expansion of a discharge spark channel in a solid to generate strong pressure waves, so that the structure is disintegrated. Can be used for treating urinary calculus and cholelithiasis in vitro, and for regenerating materials. The effectiveness of the fragmentation depends on the accumulation of energy inside the structure, closely related to the duration of the electric discharge field, i.e. on the pulse width.
It has been mentioned that, with the development of high power pulse driving source technology, its application field is continuously expanding, and pulse width is an important technical index in practical application. The device is limited by the structure and principle of the traditional high-power pulse driving source, and only has single output pulse width, so that the application range of the device is greatly limited. In the research of high-power microwave sources, long pulses (about 100 ns) and short pulses (about 30 ns) are important research directions, and in actual work, two high-power pulse driving sources with completely different scales need to be constructed as energy injection mechanisms of the high-power pulse driving sources, so that the cost of manpower, material resources and financial resources is extremely high; the civil field is also limited by the single output index of the high-power pulse driving source, the actual action effect is difficult to obtain the comparison result under different parameters, and in order to obtain the ideal effect, the parameters far higher than the action threshold value are usually selected for device design, so that the development of the roughness is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems that the traditional high-power pulse driving source only can output a single pulse width, so that the application cost is high, the range is small and the ideal effect cannot be obtained, the invention provides the high-power pulse driving source with the continuous adjustable capacity of the output pulse width, which is based on the traditional high-power pulse driving source, adopts a magnetic switch with a coaxial structure in parallel connection at the output end, and realizes the accurate control of the output pulse width based on the magnetic core accurate resetting technology. Not only can solve the practical problems encountered in scientific research and application, but also has great significance for saving energy and realizing green development.
The technical scheme of the invention is to provide a pulse driving source with variable output pulse width, which comprises an outer cylinder, a front end cover and a tail end cover which are fixed at two ends of the outer cylinder, and a pulse forming line inner cylinder and a transmission line inner cylinder which are coaxially arranged in the outer cylinder in sequence along the length direction of the outer cylinder; the adjacent two ends of the pulse forming line inner cylinder and the transmission line inner cylinder are respectively provided with a main switch cathode and a main switch anode, and the other end of the transmission line inner cylinder is provided with a diode cathode; it is characterized in that: the magnetic core component also comprises a connecting cylinder and an annular magnetic core component; the connecting cylinder is a good conductor;
the connecting cylinder is coaxially arranged in the outer cylinder, the opening end of the connecting cylinder is in contact with the front end cover to realize electric connection, the bottom of the connecting cylinder is provided with an opening through which the inner transmission line cylinder passes, and the inner transmission line cylinder passes through the opening to enable the cathode of the diode to be positioned in the cylinder body of the connecting cylinder; the front end cover part opposite to the cathode of the diode is provided with a diode anode;
the annular magnetic core assembly is sleeved on the connecting cylinder, and the outer circular surface of the annular magnetic core assembly is contacted with the inner wall of the outer cylinder.
Preferably, the annular magnetic core assembly includes a plurality of annular magnetic cores stacked in the axial direction, and a gap is formed between adjacent magnetic cores.
Preferably, the pulse driving source further comprises an insulating support for supporting the pulse forming wire inner barrel and the transmission wire inner barrel.
Preferably, the insulating support is ring-shaped, and the plurality of ring-shaped insulating supports are respectively located between the outer cylinder and the inner forming wire cylinder and between the outer cylinder and the inner transmission wire cylinder.
Preferably, the cathode of the main switch is connected with the inner cylinder of the forming wire through threads, and the anode of the main switch and the cathode of the diode are both connected with the inner cylinder of the transmission wire through threads.
Preferably, the diameter of the transmission line inner barrel is the same as the diameter of the pulse forming line inner barrel.
Preferably, the main switch cathode and the main switch anode are ball-end electrodes.
The magnetic switch formed by the connecting cylinder, the outer cylinder and the annular magnetic core component is connected in parallel with the two ends of the cathode of the diode and the anode of the diode, the inner cylinder of the forming wire is charged with a certain voltage at the initial moment, after the main switch is conducted, an electric pulse with a certain pulse width is output between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder of the forming wire, and the electric pulse is transmitted to the cathode of the diode through a coaxial structure formed by the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder of the transmission line, so that the cathode of the diode is subjected to explosive emission, and; when the annular magnetic core assembly is not saturated, the pulse width of the diode high current electron beam is basically equal to the pulse width of the formed line output; once the annular magnetic core assembly is saturated, the diode is short-circuited and extinguished, and current is transmitted to the front end cover through the connecting cylinder, so that the pulse width of the diode high-current electron beam is adjusted; the saturation moment of the annular magnetic core assembly depends on the reset state of the annular magnetic core assembly, and the reset state of the saturation moment of the annular magnetic core assembly is controlled by the reset device, and different reset states can cause different output pulse widths of the diodes.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the pulse driving source with the adjustable pulse width, the output end of the pulse driving source is connected with the annular magnetic core assembly in parallel, the output pulse width is adjusted in a mode of adjusting the reset point of the magnetic core, and the technical blank of the existing pulse driving source is filled;
2. the annular magnetic core assembly has extremely low saturation inductance, and can ensure that a good output pulse waveform is obtained;
3. the invention realizes the adjustment of different output pulse widths by adjusting the reset point of the magnetic core, is different from the mode of mechanically changing the number of turns of the winding of the magnetic core by the prior art route, and has the advantages of remote controllability and no need of field assembly and disassembly of the device.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment.
The reference numbers in the figures are: 1-forming a wire outer cylinder, 2, 4-forming a wire inner cylinder insulating support, 3-forming a wire inner cylinder, 5-a main switch cathode, 6-a main switch anode, 7, 9-a transmission line inner cylinder insulating support, 8-a transmission line inner cylinder, 10-a connecting cylinder, 11-a ring-shaped magnetic core component, 12-a diode cathode, 13-a diode anode, 14-a main switch outer cylinder, 15-a transmission line outer cylinder, 16-a diode outer cylinder, 17-a front end cover and 18-a tail end cover.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to specific examples, which are intended to be illustrative, but not limiting, of the invention.
As can be seen from fig. 1, the present invention includes an outer cylinder, (the outer cylinder is divided into a wire outer cylinder 1, a transmission line outer cylinder 15, a main switch outer cylinder 14 and a diode outer cylinder 16) a tail end cover 18, a wire inner cylinder 3, wire inner cylinder insulating supports 2, 4, a main switch cathode 5, a main switch anode 6, a transmission line inner cylinder 8, transmission line inner cylinder insulating supports 7, 9, a diode cathode 12, a diode anode 13, a connecting cylinder 10, a ring-shaped magnetic core assembly 11 and a front end cover 17; the front end cover 17 and the tail end cover 18 are positioned at two ends of the outer cylinder to form the wire inner cylinder 3 and the transmission wire inner cylinder 8 which are coaxially arranged in the outer cylinder in sequence through insulating supports.
The main switch cathode 5 is connected with one end of the inner wire barrel through threads, the main switch anode 6 is connected with one end of the inner wire barrel 8 through threads, the diode cathode 12 is connected with the other end of the inner wire barrel 8 through threads, the diode anode 13 is electrically connected with the front end cover 17, the connecting barrel 10 is electrically connected with the front end cover 17, and the annular magnetic core assembly 11 is located at the coaxial structure of the diode outer barrel 16 and the connecting barrel.
The structure can be equivalent to sequentially comprising a pulse forming unit A (consisting of a forming wire outer cylinder 1, a forming wire inner cylinder 3, a tail end cover 18 and forming wire inner cylinder insulating supports 2 and 4); a main switch B (consisting of a main switch outer cylinder 14, a main switch cathode 5 and a main switch anode 6); the pulse transmission unit C (composed of a transmission line outer cylinder 15, a transmission line inner cylinder 8 and transmission line inner cylinder insulating supports 7 and 9); an output diode unit D (composed of a diode cathode 12, a diode anode 13 and a front end cover 17); the coaxial structure magnetic switch E (composed of a ring-shaped magnetic core component 11, a diode outer cylinder 16 and a connecting cylinder 10) comprises five parts.
The working principle is as follows: the pulse forming unit A is charged with a certain voltage at the initial moment, energy is stored between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder in an electric field mode at the moment, when the charging voltage reaches the breakdown voltage of the main switch B, the main switch B is conducted to form electric pulses with a certain pulse width, the electric pulses are transmitted to the output diode unit D through the pulse transmission unit C, the diode cathode is caused to generate explosive emission, a strong current electron beam is generated, and the strong current electron beam bombards the diode anode. The pulse width of the high current electron beam is basically the same as the pulse width of the forming line output. The coaxial structure magnetic switches E are connected in parallel at two ends of the output diode unit D, once the magnetic core is saturated, the diode is extinguished by short circuit, and current is transmitted to the front end cover through the connecting cylinder, so that the pulse width of the diode high-current electron beam is adjusted; the saturation moment of the annular magnetic core assembly depends on the reset state of the annular magnetic core assembly, the saturation moment of the magnetic core is controlled by the reset device, and the reset state of the annular magnetic core assembly is controlled by the reset device, and different reset states can cause different output pulse widths of the diodes.
Example one
The following describes an embodiment of the present invention applied to a 50-120ns pulse width modulated pulse drive source. Referring to fig. 2, a Tesla type pulse driving source with variable output pulse width, a high-voltage end (left end) of a conical Tesla transformer 19 is connected with an inner cylinder 3 of a forming line, and the right end of a grounding end of the transformer is connected with an outer cylinder 1 of the forming line.
The glycerol medium is filled between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder of the pulse forming line unit, the relative dielectric constant of the glycerol medium is about 43, and when the physical length of the forming line is 3m, the electrical length of the forming line can reach 120ns, which determines the upper limit pulse width capable of being output by the driving source. The forming wire adopts a built-in Tesla transformer mode to charge the forming wire. The inner diameter of the formed wire outer cylinder is 400mm, the outer diameter of the formed wire inner cylinder is 150mm, and the formed wire output impedance is about 10 ohms. The main switch electrode adopts a ball electrode form and works in a self-breakdown mode. The parameters of the pulse transmission line are the same as those of the pulse forming line structure and are used for isolating the reflected pulse of the diode load.
The saturation of the core depends on the following formula:
wherein the charging voltage is Uc(t) core saturation charging time tsHere, the same is the width of the output pulse, SmIs the cross-sectional area of the core, Δ BmaxMaximum increment of magnetic induction allowed for the core, the value of which is equal to BsAnd BrDifference of difference, BsAnd BrRespectively the saturation magnetic induction and the residual magnetic induction of the magnetic material, N is the number of turns of the winding on the magnetic core, KTIs the core fill factor. It can be seen that control Δ BmaxIs to realize a pair of tsDirect method of control, through magnetic core reset device, can realize to delta BmaxAnd (4) adjusting. The approximate reset pulse is a triangular wave, the output pulse of the driving source is a square wave, and through calculation, the reset voltage is assumed to be constant at 1kV, the output voltage is constant at 100kV, and the corresponding conditions of the reset time required by different output pulse widths are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 RESET TIME RESET MATCHING TABLE FOR DIFFERENT OUTPUT PULSE WIDTH
| Output pulse width | Reset time |
| 50ns | 10μs |
| 60ns | 12μs |
| 70ns | 14μs |
| 80ns | 16μs |
| 90ns | 18μs |
| 100ns | 20μs |
| 110ns | 22μs |
| 120ns | 24μs |
Therefore, different output pulse widths can be obtained by controlling the reset time of the magnetic core. Obviously, the same effect can be achieved by controlling the reset voltage. Furthermore, a low voltage/tens of μ s level reset device is a mature technology.
It can be seen that the high-power pulse driving source with continuously adjustable output pulse width has more important academic significance and practical application value, and is a necessary way for further development of pulse power technology, and the conventional device cannot realize breakthrough on the performance.
Claims (7)
1. A pulse driving source with variable output pulse width comprises an outer cylinder, a front end cover and a tail end cover which are fixed at two ends of the outer cylinder, and a pulse forming line inner cylinder and a transmission line inner cylinder which are coaxially arranged in the outer cylinder in sequence along the length direction of the outer cylinder; the adjacent two ends of the pulse forming line inner cylinder and the transmission line inner cylinder are respectively provided with a main switch cathode and a main switch anode, and the other end of the transmission line inner cylinder is provided with a diode cathode; the method is characterized in that: the magnetic core component also comprises a connecting cylinder and an annular magnetic core component; the connecting cylinder is a good conductor;
the connecting cylinder is coaxially arranged in the outer cylinder, the opening end of the connecting cylinder is in contact with the front end cover to realize electric connection, the bottom of the connecting cylinder is provided with an opening through which the inner transmission line cylinder passes, and the inner transmission line cylinder passes through the opening to enable the diode cathode to be positioned in the cylinder body of the connecting cylinder; the front end cover part opposite to the cathode of the diode is provided with a diode anode;
the annular magnetic core assembly is sleeved on the connecting cylinder, and the outer circular surface of the annular magnetic core assembly is contacted with the inner wall of the outer cylinder.
2. The output pulse width variable pulse drive source of claim 1, wherein: the annular magnetic core assembly comprises a plurality of annular magnetic cores stacked along the axial direction, and gaps are reserved between the adjacent magnetic cores.
3. The output pulse width variable pulse drive source of claim 2, wherein: the pulse forming device also comprises an insulating support used for supporting the pulse forming wire inner barrel and the transmission wire inner barrel.
4. The output pulse width variable pulse drive source of claim 3, wherein: the insulating supports are annular, and the plurality of annular insulating supports are respectively positioned between the outer cylinder and the forming wire inner cylinder and between the outer cylinder and the transmission wire inner cylinder.
5. The output pulse width variable pulse drive source according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the cathode of the main switch is connected with the inner cylinder of the forming wire through threads, and the anode of the main switch and the cathode of the diode are both connected with the inner cylinder of the transmission wire through threads.
6. The output pulse width variable pulse drive source of claim 5, wherein: the diameter of the transmission line inner cylinder is the same as that of the pulse forming line inner cylinder.
7. The output pulse width variable pulse drive source according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the cathode of the main switch and the anode of the main switch are ball electrodes.
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| CN110164743B (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2021-04-09 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Radial high-current electron beam composite type guiding magnetic field system |
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