CN115505962B - 一种超薄的镍掺杂八硫化九钴复合二硫化钼的电催化材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种超薄的镍掺杂八硫化九钴复合二硫化钼的电催化材料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 229910052982 molybdenum disulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum disulfide Chemical compound S=[Mo]=S CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 229910017709 Ni Co Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 229910003267 Ni-Co Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 229910003262 Ni‐Co Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000012621 metal-organic framework Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- ZKKLPDLKUGTPME-UHFFFAOYSA-N diazanium;bis(sulfanylidene)molybdenum;sulfanide Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[SH-].[SH-].S=[Mo]=S ZKKLPDLKUGTPME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- BYMZQQLCZDLNKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel(2+);tetracyanide Chemical compound [Ni+2].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-] BYMZQQLCZDLNKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 54
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- ATHHXGZTWNVVOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methylformamide Chemical compound CNC=O ATHHXGZTWNVVOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
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- QGUAJWGNOXCYJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt dinitrate hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[Co+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O QGUAJWGNOXCYJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
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- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium citrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 claims description 4
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- ZGDWHDKHJKZZIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt nickel Chemical compound [Co].[Ni].[Ni].[Ni] ZGDWHDKHJKZZIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
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- UTOHPYCQNRYRAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt;molybdenum;sulfanylidenenickel Chemical compound [Co].[Mo].[Ni]=S UTOHPYCQNRYRAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- OHVLMTFVQDZYHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)-2-[4-[2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]ethanone Chemical compound N1N=NC=2CN(CCC=21)C(CN1CCN(CC1)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)=O OHVLMTFVQDZYHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- LDXJRKWFNNFDSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)-1-[4-[2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]ethanone Chemical compound C1CN(CC2=NNN=C21)CC(=O)N3CCN(CC3)C4=CN=C(N=C4)NCC5=CC(=CC=C5)OC(F)(F)F LDXJRKWFNNFDSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000557 Nafion® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical class [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- VREFGVBLTWBCJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N alprazolam Chemical compound C12=CC(Cl)=CC=C2N2C(C)=NN=C2CN=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 VREFGVBLTWBCJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- UUCGKVQSSPTLOY-UHFFFAOYSA-J cobalt(2+);nickel(2+);tetrahydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Co+2].[Ni+2] UUCGKVQSSPTLOY-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明属于新材料及电化学技术领域,尤其涉及一种超薄的镍掺杂八硫化九钴复合二硫化钼的电催化材料及其制备方法,该材料的化学通式为MoS2/Ni‑Co9S8/CN‑X,其中X=350℃或450℃或550℃,该材料以超薄的四氰基合镍酸钴为前驱体,以四硫代钼酸铵作为硫源和钼源,通过水热硫化反应使金属有机框架分解并生成钴镍钼的硫化物,再通过管式炉煅烧提高结晶性,从而制备出一系列镍掺杂八硫化九钴复合二硫化钼催化材料,为过渡金属硫化物的结构设计和电子结构调控提供了一种可行的途径,所得到的MoS2/Ni‑Co9S8/CN‑X,尤其是当X=450℃时,能够用于高效的电催化水分解反应的催化剂。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于新材料及电化学技术领域,尤其涉及一种超薄的镍掺杂八硫化九钴复合二硫化钼的电催化材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
氢能被认为是二十一世纪最有潜力的清洁能源,有望解决化石能源短缺和环境问题。电化学析氢反应(HER)是一种环境友好、经济有效的制氢技术。为了保证电极材料的较高稳定性,商业应用的水裂解通常在碱性环境中进行,但受碱性溶液中H+浓度较低的限制,析氢反应的反应速率往往低于酸性溶液。此外,由于碱性溶液中存在额外的水裂解反应,因此过电位高于酸性溶液。贵金属催化剂(如铂基催化剂)虽然可以显著降低能垒,加快制氢速度,但其稀缺性和高昂的成本阻碍了其大规模的商业应用。因此,设计和制备高性能的非贵金属电催化剂具有十分重要的意义。
近年来,过渡金属硫化物因其独特的催化性能被认为是优良的电催化剂,并具有取代贵金属催化剂的巨大潜力。二硫化钼纳米片材料因其大的比表面积、优异的氢吸附吉布斯自由能使其在过去的几年内成为电催化析氢反应催化剂的热门研究对象,但由于二硫化钼材料本身差的导电性以及在碱性环境下差的稳定性大大限制了其催化性能的提高。为了解决这些问题,人们最常用的方法是将二硫化钼与其它材料复合,例如中国专利CN110433842A中公开了一种在二硫化钼复合氮掺杂碳球材料,在一定程度上提高了二硫化钼材料的导电性。然而该方案并没有提高材料的在碱性条件下的稳定性。此外该方案提出的二硫化钼复合氮掺杂碳球材料的方式无法有效的提高材料的催化活性位点以及调控材料的电子结构。
因此,有必要探究一种有效的复合材料提高二硫化钼的稳定性,并对其电子结构进行优化以提升其催化性能。
发明内容
本发明针对现有技术存在的诸多不足之处,提供了一种超薄的镍掺杂八硫化九钴复合二硫化钼的电催化材料及其制备方法,该材料的化学通式为MoS2/Ni-Co9S8/CN-X,其中X=350℃或450℃或550℃,该材料以超薄的四氰基合镍酸钴为前驱体,以四硫代钼酸铵作为硫源和钼源,通过水热硫化反应使金属有机框架分解并生成钴镍钼的硫化物,再通过管式炉煅烧提高结晶性,从而制备出一系列镍掺杂八硫化九钴复合二硫化钼催化材料,为过渡金属硫化物的结构设计和电子结构调控提供了一种可行的途径,所得到的MoS2/Ni-Co9S8/CN-X,尤其是当X=450℃时,能够用于高效的电催化水分解反应的催化剂。
本发明的理论基础如下:
MOFs衍生物通常会继承MOF前驱体的形貌结构,以超薄的MOFs纳米片做为前驱体,制备的材料继承了前驱体超薄的形貌,能够有效的提高硫化物的传质能力。此外,通过热解形成的碳保护层避免了硫化物与电解质的直接接触,提高了硫化物的稳定性。MOFs材料中金属均匀分布的特性可以保证衍生物中有效活性位点的均匀分布。而且引入异质金属原子能够利于调控电子结构。考虑到上述优势,本发明最终选用了一种超薄的四氰基合镍酸钴为前驱体,引入异质金属原子,构建了新型的电子结构可调控的氮碳负载的镍掺杂八硫化九钴复合二硫化钼电催化材料。
本发明的具体技术方案如下:
一种超薄的镍掺杂八硫化九钴复合二硫化钼的电催化材料,该材料的化学通式为MoS2/Ni-Co9S8/CN-X,其中X=350℃或450℃或550℃;
优选的,X=450℃时,对应的MoS2/Ni-Co9S8/CN-450℃具有最佳的电催化水分解产氢性能,经检测材料在10mA cm2时表现出最高的活性,其过电位为96mV;其其具有反应动力学更快,交流阻抗更小的优势,填补了本领域的空白。
对应的,发明人还提供了上述核超薄的镍掺杂八硫化九钴复合二硫化钼的电催化材料的制备方法,具体步骤如下:
S1、配置3-7g L-1的六水合硝酸钴/甲醇溶液5ml,再称取200.0mg聚乙烯吡咯烷酮溶于其中,命名为A溶液;
称取48mg四氰基合镍酸钾和43.0mg柠檬酸钠并溶于10mL体积比为1:2-2:1的甲醇和去离子水的混合溶液中,命名为B溶液;
溶液B和溶液A混合后,剧烈搅拌10分钟,常温超声2分钟,静置10分钟,再次超声2分钟,静置10分钟;最后用甲醇通过离心洗涤3次,然后在60℃真空干燥,得到钴镍金属-有机框架,记为CoNi-CPs;
S2、称取40.0mg上述制备的前驱体,并称取前驱体质量1-3倍的四硫代钼酸铵溶于16.0mLN,N-2甲基甲酰胺中,常温超声处理10分钟;然后将上述溶液转移到高压釜中,在200℃反应18小时,然后将固体产物用30mL N,N-2甲基甲酰胺和乙醇各离心3次,然后在60℃真空干燥,得到MoS2/Ni-Co9S8/CN中间体;
S3、将上述MoS2/Ni-Co9S8/CN中间体在管式炉中进行热解处理,具体方法为:
称取20mg上述MoS2/Ni-Co9S8/CN中间体置于瓷舟中,然后将其置于管式炉中,在氩气气氛下,以5℃min1的升温速率将炉内温度从室温分别加热到350℃,450℃,550℃各保持1小时,得到MoS2/Ni-Co9S8/CN-X电催化析氢材料。
优选的,步骤S1中的六水合硝酸钴/甲醇溶液浓度为5g L-1。
优选的,步骤S1中甲醇和去离子水的体积比为1:1。
优选的,步骤S2中四硫代钼酸铵的用量为前驱体质量的2倍。
优选的,各步骤中的超声功率为40kHz。
与现有的二硫化钼复合氮掺杂碳球技术相比,本发明通过MOF前驱体引入钴和镍金属元素,为电催化反应提供了更多的活性位点;此外,与常规的镍钴氢氧化物做前驱体复合二硫化钼的方法相比,MOF作为前驱体具有丰富的碳结构,能为材料提供更好的导电性。而且合成过程中只有水热硫化和煅烧两步过程,不需要额外的制备二硫化钼再进行复合,方法简单易操作。
综上所述,本发明提供了综上所述,本发明提供了一种超薄结构镍掺杂八硫化九钴复合二硫化钼电催化材料及其制备方法,制备出了一系列氮掺杂碳负载的超薄结构的镍掺杂八硫化九钴复合二硫化钼电催化材料,为过渡金属硫化物的结构优化提供了一种可行的途径,所得到MoS2/Ni-Co9S8/CN-X,尤其是当X=450℃时,由于超薄的结构,异质界面作用和多金属协同作用,能够用于高效的电催化水分解反应的催化剂。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例1制备的超薄结构的MoS2/Ni-Co9S8/CN-450℃的TEM图;
图2是图1方框中的放大图,为本发明实施例1制备的超薄结构的MoS2/Ni-Co9S8/CN-450℃的HRTEM图;
图3为本发明实施例1制备的超薄结构的MoS2/Ni-Co9S8/CN-450℃的AFM图;
图4为本发明实施例1制备的超薄结构的MoS2/Ni-Co9S8/CN-450℃的N2吸附等温线图以及孔径分布图;
图5为本发明实施例1,实施例2,实施例3制备的超薄结构的MoS2/Ni-Co9S8/CN-450℃,MoS2/Ni-Co9S8/CN-350℃,MoS2/Ni-Co9S8/CN-550℃和实施例4制备的MoS2的XRD图;
图6为本发明实施例1,实施例2和实施例3制备的超薄结构的MoS2/Ni-Co9S8/CN-450℃,MoS2/Ni-Co9S8/CN-350℃,MoS2/Ni-Co9S8/CN-550℃的极化曲线谱图;
图7为本发明实施例1制备的超薄结构的MoS2/Ni-Co9S8/CN-450℃和实施例4制备的MoS2的塔菲尔斜率图;
图8为本发明实施例1制备的超薄结构的MoS2/Ni-Co9S8/CN-450℃和实施例4制备的MoS2的电化学双电层电容图;
图9为本发明实施例1制备的超薄结构的MoS2/Ni-Co9S8/CN-450℃和实施例4制备的MoS2的交流阻抗图;
图10为本发明实施例1制备的超薄结构的MoS2/Ni-Co9S8/CN-450℃的稳定性测试图;
图11为本发明实施例1制备的超薄结构的MoS2/Ni-Co9S8/CN-450℃的的氢吸附吉布斯自由能图、态密度分布图和异质界面电荷分布图。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例来进一步说明本发明,有助于本领域的技术人员进一步理解本发明,但不以任何形式限制本发明。应当指出的是,对本领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明构思的前提下,还可以做出若干变形和改进,这些都属于本发明的保护范围。
实施例1
一种MoS2/Ni-Co9S8/CN-450℃的制备方法,具体包括如下步骤:
S1、配置3-7g L-1的六水合硝酸钴/甲醇溶液5mL,命名为A溶液,再称取200.0mg聚乙烯吡咯烷酮溶于A溶液;
本实施例中优选六水合硝酸钴/甲醇溶液浓度为5g L-1;
称取48mg四氰基合镍酸钾和43.0mg柠檬酸钠并溶于10mL体积比为1:2-2:1的甲醇和去离子水的混合溶液中,命名为B溶液;
本实施例中优选甲醇和去离子水的体积比为1:1;
溶液B和溶液A混合后,剧烈搅拌10分钟,常温超声2分钟,超声功率为40kHz,静置10分钟,再次超声2分钟,静置10分钟;最后用甲醇通过离心洗涤3次,然后在60℃真空干燥,得到钴镍金属-有机框架,记为CoNi-CPs;
S2、称取40.0mg上述制备的前驱体,并称取前驱体质量1-3倍的四硫代钼酸铵溶于16.0mLN,N-2甲基甲酰胺中,常温超声处理10分钟,超声功率为40kHz;然后将上述溶液转移到高压釜中,在200℃反应18小时,然后将固体产物用30mL N,N-2甲基甲酰胺和乙醇各离心3次,然后在60℃真空干燥,得到MoS2/Ni-Co9S8/CN中间体;
本实施例中优选四硫代钼酸铵的用量为前驱体质量的2倍,也就是80mg;
S3、将上述MoS2/Ni-Co9S8/CN中间体在管式炉中进行热解处理。
其中步骤S3的具体方法为:
称取20mg上述MoS2/Ni-Co9S8/CN中间体置于瓷舟中,然后将其置于管式炉中,在氩气气氛下,以5℃min1的升温速率将炉内温度从室温分别加热到350℃,450℃,550℃各保持1小时,得到MoS2/Ni-Co9S8/CN-X电催化析氢材料。
发明人对上述实施例中各步骤制备获得的材料进行了检测,结果如下:
图1为实施例1制备的超薄结构的MoS2/Ni-Co9S8/CN-450℃的TEM图,可以看出合成的MoS2/Ni-Co9S8/CN-450℃为片状结构。
图2是图1方框中的放大图,对应于实施例1制备的超薄结构的MoS2/Ni-Co9S8/CN-450℃的HRTEM图,0.62nm和0.25nm的晶格条纹对应于MoS2的(0 0 2)平面和Co9S8的(4 0 0)平面,证明了MoS2/Ni-Co9S8/CN的成功生成。
图3为实施例1制备的超薄结构的MoS2/Ni-Co9S8/CN-450℃的AFM图,可以看出合成的MoS2/Ni-Co9S8/CN-450℃厚度为不超过4nm,验证了MoS2/Ni-Co9S8/CN-450℃的超薄结构。
图4是实施例1制备的超薄结构的MoS2/Ni-Co9S8/CN-450℃的N2吸附等温线图以及孔径分布图,证明生成的MoS2/Ni-Co9S8/CN-450℃的比表面积为181m2.g-1,证实了MoS2/Ni-Co9S8/CN-450℃℃存在微孔(<2nm)和中孔(2-50nm)的多级孔结构。
实施例2
本实施例提供一种MoS2/Ni-Co9S8/CN-350℃的制备方法,具体包括如下步骤:
将实施例1中加热温度改为350℃,其他步骤及反应物用量与实施例1完全相同。
实施例3
本实施例提供一种MoS2/Ni-Co9S8/CN-550℃的制备方法,具体包括如下步骤:
将实施例1中加热温度改为550℃,其他步骤及反应物用量与实施例1完全相同。
实施例4
一种MoS2的制备方法,具体包括如下步骤:
称取与实施例1相同质量的四硫代钼酸铵溶于16.0mL N,N-2甲基甲酰胺中,常温超声10分钟;然后将上述溶液转移到高压釜中,在200℃反应18小时,然后将产物用N,N-2甲基甲酰胺和乙醇各分别离心洗涤3次,然后在60℃真空干燥,得到MoS2中间体。再将20mg上述MoS2中间体置于瓷舟中,然后进行实施例1中相同的热处理操作。
图5为实施例1,实施例2和实施例3制备的超薄结构的MoS2/Ni-Co9S8/CN-450℃,MoS2/Ni-Co9S8/CN-350℃,MoS2/Ni-Co9S8/CN-550℃和实施例4制备MoS2的XRD图,可以看出合成的材料为镍掺杂的八硫化九钴复合二硫化钼。
实施例5
电催化产氢性能的测试:
在标准的三电极测试系统中,以石墨棒为对电极,饱和氯化钾填充的Hg/HgO电极为参比电极,玻碳电极为工作电极。
玻碳电极在使用前应在乙醇溶液中超声10min以去除表面的杂质。将5.0mg制备好的样品(MoS2/Ni-Co9S8/CN-450℃)分散在0.5mL Nafion(5%(w/w))、去离子水和乙醇溶液(体积比为1:9:10)的混合溶液中,借助超声波形成均匀的溶液。然后在直径为3mm的干净的玻碳电极上滴注5μL上述溶液。让电极在室温下自然干燥两小时,然后进行测量(负载量:0.35mg cm2);采用Gamry电化学工作站三电极体系进行相应的测试,结果如下:
图6是实施例1,实施例2和实施例3制备的电催化材料在1M KOH电解液中的线性扫描伏安图,验证MoS2/Ni-Co9S8/CN-X表现出了较好的催化活性,其中MoS2/Ni-Co9S8/CN-450℃材料在10mA cm2时表现出最高的活性,其过电位为96mV,低于MoS2/Ni-Co9S8/CN-350℃(159.2mV)和MoS2/Ni-Co9S8/CN-550℃(180.6mV)。
图7是实施例1和实施例4制备的电催化材料在1M KOH电解液中的塔菲尔斜率图,MoS2/Ni-Co9S8/CN-450℃的拟合Tafel斜率为61mV dec-1,低于MoS2(140mV dec-1)。这表明与其他纳米材料相比,MoS2/Ni-Co9S8/CN-450℃材料的反应动力学更快,其反应机理为VolmerHeyrovsky机制联合机制。
图8是实施例1和实施例4制备的电催化材料在1M KOH电解液中的电化学双电层电容图,表明MoS2/Ni-Co9S8/CN-450℃纳米材料具有更多的可用表面活性位点。
图9是实施例1和实施例4制备的电催化材料在1M KOH电解液中的交流阻抗图。由图可以看出MoS2/Ni-Co9S8/CN-450℃具有最小的交流阻抗,这说明MoS2/Ni-Co9S8/CN-450℃具备更好的导电性。
图10是实施例1制备的电催化材料在1M KOH电解液中的稳定性测试图,表明MoS2/Ni-Co9S8/CN-450℃纳米材料在碱性介质中具有更好的长时间稳定性。
图11是实施例1制备的电催化材料的DOS计算和ΔGH*计算图,由图中可以看出,镍掺杂的八硫化九钴与二硫化钼的异质结构有效的改变了材料的电子结构,激活了更多的活性位点,并且带来了更高的导电性。
以上对本发明的具体实施例进行了描述。需要理解的是,本发明并不局限于上述特定实施方式,本领域技术人员可以在权利要求的范围内做出各种变形或修改,这并不影响本发明的实质内容。
Claims (6)
1.一种超薄的镍掺杂八硫化九钴复合二硫化钼的电催化材料,该材料的化学通式为MoS2/Ni-Co9S8/CN-X,其中X=450℃,其制备方法,具体步骤如下:
S1、配置3-7g·L-1的六水合硝酸钴/甲醇溶液5ml,再称取200.0 mg 聚乙烯吡咯烷酮溶于其中,命名为A溶液;
称取48mg 四氰基合镍酸钾和43.0 mg柠檬酸钠并溶于10mL体积比为1:2-2:1的甲醇和去离子水的混合溶液中,命名为B溶液;
溶液B和溶液A混合后,剧烈搅拌10分钟,常温超声2分钟,静置10分钟,再次超声2分钟,静置10分钟;最后用甲醇通过离心洗涤3次,然后在60℃真空干燥,得到钴镍金属-有机框架,记为CoNi-CPs;
S2、称取40.0mg上述制备的前驱体,并称取前驱体质量1-3倍的四硫代钼酸铵溶于16.0mLN,N-2甲基甲酰胺中,常温超声处理10分钟;然后将上述溶液转移到高压釜中,在200℃反应18小时,然后将固体产物用30 mL N,N-2甲基甲酰胺和乙醇各离心3次,然后在60℃真空干燥,得到MoS2/Ni-Co9S8/CN中间体;
S3、将上述MoS2/Ni-Co9S8/CN中间体在管式炉中进行热解处理,具体方法为:
称取20mg上述MoS2/Ni-Co9S8/CN中间体置于瓷舟中,然后将其置于管式炉中,在氩气气氛下,以5℃·min-1的升温速率将炉内温度从室温分别加热到450℃保持1小时,得到MoS2/Ni-Co9S8/CN-X电催化析氢材料。
2.权利要求1所述超薄的镍掺杂八硫化九钴复合二硫化钼的电催化材料的制备方法,其特征在于,具体步骤如下:
S1、配置3-7g·L-1的六水合硝酸钴/甲醇溶液5ml,再称取200.0 mg 聚乙烯吡咯烷酮溶于其中,命名为A溶液;
称取48mg 四氰基合镍酸钾和43.0 mg柠檬酸钠并溶于10mL体积比为1:2-2:1的甲醇和去离子水的混合溶液中,命名为B溶液;
溶液B和溶液A混合后,剧烈搅拌10分钟,常温超声2分钟,静置10分钟,再次超声2分钟,静置10分钟;最后用甲醇通过离心洗涤3次,然后在60℃真空干燥,得到钴镍金属-有机框架,记为CoNi-CPs;
S2、称取40.0mg上述制备的前驱体,并称取前驱体质量1-3倍的四硫代钼酸铵溶于16.0mLN,N-2甲基甲酰胺中,常温超声处理10分钟;然后将上述溶液转移到高压釜中,在200℃反应18小时,然后将固体产物用30 mL N,N-2甲基甲酰胺和乙醇各离心3次,然后在60℃真空干燥,得到MoS2/Ni-Co9S8/CN中间体;
S3、将上述MoS2/Ni-Co9S8/CN中间体在管式炉中进行热解处理,具体方法为:
称取20mg上述MoS2/Ni-Co9S8/CN中间体置于瓷舟中,然后将其置于管式炉中,在氩气气氛下,以5℃·min-1的升温速率将炉内温度从室温分别加热到450℃保持1小时,得到MoS2/Ni-Co9S8/CN-X电催化析氢材料。
3.根据权利要求2所述超薄的镍掺杂八硫化九钴复合二硫化钼的电催化材料的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤S1中的六水合硝酸钴/甲醇溶液浓度为5g·L-1。
4.根据权利要求2所述超薄的镍掺杂八硫化九钴复合二硫化钼的电催化材料的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤S1中甲醇和去离子水的体积比为1:1。
5.根据权利要求2所述超薄的镍掺杂八硫化九钴复合二硫化钼的电催化材料的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤S2中四硫代钼酸铵的用量为前驱体质量的2倍。
6.根据权利要求2所述超薄的镍掺杂八硫化九钴复合二硫化钼的电催化材料的制备方法,其特征在于,各步骤中的超声功率为40kHz。
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