CN115505747A - Production method of nickel-based alloy electrode ingot containing aluminum element - Google Patents
Production method of nickel-based alloy electrode ingot containing aluminum element Download PDFInfo
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- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
- C22B9/16—Remelting metals
- C22B9/18—Electroslag remelting
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- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
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- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/0006—Adding metallic additives
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- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/0075—Treating in a ladle furnace, e.g. up-/reheating of molten steel within the ladle
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/06—Deoxidising, e.g. killing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/068—Decarburising
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C33/06—Making ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C30/02—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent containing copper
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/50—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with titanium or zirconium
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for producing an aluminum-containing nickel-based alloy electrode ingot, and relates to the technical field of processing of alloy motor ingots. The method for producing the nickel-based alloy electrode ingot containing the aluminum element mainly comprises the steps of melting raw materials in an electric arc furnace, carrying out AOD decarburization refining, carrying out LF external refining, adding an aluminum wire along with steel flow for die casting and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of processing of alloy motor ingots, in particular to a production method of an aluminum-containing nickel-based alloy electrode ingot.
Background
The electrode ingot is used as a raw material of an electroslag remelting furnace, molten steel smelted by an electric arc furnace, an AOD refining furnace and an LF refining furnace is cast into a circular electrode ingot, and the circular electrode ingot is supplied for the electroslag remelting furnace to refine again. Because of the refining characteristics of the electroslag remelting furnace, alloy elements cannot be added, and the removal capability of spherical or granular inclusions is insufficient, the alloy element components of the electrode ingot need to reach the standard, and the quantity of the spherical or granular inclusions needs to be low.
According to the GB/T15008-2020 standard, 10 aluminum-containing nickel-based alloy types account for 34.5 percent of the total number of standard steel types. In the smelting process, aluminum is an alloy which is extremely easy to oxidize and is high in price, an aluminum ingot or an aluminum wire is added in the AOD refining process or the LF refining process in the conventional smelting method, and by the two aluminum adding methods, aluminum melted in molten steel can react with silicon dioxide in furnace slag to generate aluminum trioxide and silicon, so that the recovery rate of aluminum can be reduced, and the control difficulty of silicon components in the molten steel is increased. The aluminum is added in the AOD refining process, the recovery rate is about 50 percent, and the aluminum is added in the LF refining process, the recovery rate is about 65 percent.
The oxidized aluminum can generate aluminum oxide inclusions which are suspended in molten steel and are difficult to float to slag, so that the class B inclusions of the cast electrode ingot exceed the standard. The aluminum oxide is an extremely fine granular inclusion, the electrode ingot is difficult to remove through electroslag remelting, the aluminum oxide inclusion can reduce the tensile strength and the service life of the material, and scrapping can be caused seriously.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the method for producing the nickel-based alloy electrode ingot containing the aluminum element, which effectively reduces the generation of aluminum oxide inclusions in the process of processing the nickel-based alloy electrode ingot containing the aluminum element, improves and stabilizes the product quality and shortens the smelting time.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a production method of an aluminum-containing nickel-based alloy electrode ingot comprises the following steps:
(1) Molten steel smelting: primarily smelting molten steel by adopting an electric arc furnace, and removing slag of the electric arc furnace to obtain pretreated molten steel for later use;
(2) Refining molten steel: decarburizing and refining the pretreated molten steel by adopting an AOD refining furnace, then carrying out pre-reduction treatment, removing pre-reduction furnace slag, and making new furnace slag to obtain refined molten steel for later use;
(3) Secondary refining: placing the refined molten steel in a ladle refining furnace for secondary refining, and finely adjusting alloy elements except aluminum to meet the steel grade requirement to obtain balanced molten steel;
(4) Constant-flow casting and aluminum feeding: and uniformly casting the balanced molten steel into a mould by adopting a steel ladle, feeding aluminum wires along with the steel flow in the casting process, and cooling in a steel casting mould after casting to obtain the nickel-based alloy electrode ingot containing the aluminum element.
Preferably, in the step (1), the alkalinity of the slag of the electric arc furnace is controlled to be 1.2-1.5, and the silicon content in the pretreated molten steel is controlled to be 0.3% -0.6%.
Preferably, the refining mode in the step (2) is to add lime into the molten steel for decarburization refining, then add ferrosilicon alloy for prereduction, remove prereduction slag, then add reduction lime and fluorite for slagging, wherein the alkalinity of the prereduction slag is controlled to be 1.5-2.0.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the lime added in the decarburization refining process to the pretreated molten steel is 5-8: 100.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the reducing lime and the fluorite added for slagging to the pretreated molten steel is 15-18: 5-9: 1000.
Preferably, the superheat degree of the molten steel in the casting process is 80-100 ℃.
Preferably, the casting flow rate of the molten steel in the process of casting the molten steel is 0.8-1t/min.
Preferably, the diameter of the aluminum wire fed with the steel flow in the casting process is 3-5mm.
Preferably, the feeding speed of the aluminum wire along with the steel flow is 62-68m/min.
The invention provides a method for producing a nickel-based alloy electrode ingot containing aluminum elements, which has the following advantages compared with the prior art:
(1) The method adopts the steps that raw materials are melted into molten steel by an electric arc furnace and then sequentially processed by an AOD refining furnace and an LF refining furnace, wherein the AOD refining furnace adopts a double-slag method for smelting, so that furnace slag is ensured to have certain alkalinity and good fluidity, and pre-reduced deoxidation products in the molten steel can be fully absorbed;
(2) According to the invention, the aluminum wire is fed along with the steel flow in the molten steel casting process, the fed aluminum wire is rapidly melted in the molten steel, the fed aluminum can be uniformly distributed in the molten steel by utilizing the impact force after the molten steel flows into the middle main pipe, the fed aluminum directly enters the molten steel, the contact with air and slag is avoided, the oxidation of the aluminum is greatly reduced, the recovery rate of the aluminum is improved, the generation of aluminum oxide inclusions is reduced, the recovery rate of the final product aluminum can reach more than 90%, the B-type aluminum oxide inclusions reach below 0.5 grade, and all element components can reach the standard.
(3) The production method can effectively avoid the problem of nozzle nodulation during casting, and enables the casting process to be smoother.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described below clearly and completely in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Example 1:
taking the production of about 5t of H08810 as an example:
the standard components of H08810 are shown in table 1 below (mass fraction,%):
TABLE 1
The production method comprises the following steps:
(1) Placing the required raw materials into an electric arc furnace according to requirements for rough refining to prepare molten steel, and completely removing slag floating on the molten steel (detecting and controlling the slag alkalinity of the slag electric arc furnace to be 1.2-1.5);
(2) Adding the molten steel subjected to slag skimming into an AOD refining furnace, adding 300kg of lime, carrying out decarburization refining, adding a ferrosilicon alloy for prereduction (controlling the alkalinity of prereduction slag to be 1.5-2.0) when the mass fraction of C is 0.052, pulling the prereduction slag as clean as possible, and then adding 80kg of reduction lime and 35kg of fluorite for slagging;
(3) Adding 18kg of pure titanium into a ladle in advance, tapping the molten steel subjected to slagging into a ladle refining furnace, melting the pure titanium by using impact stirring of the molten steel during tapping, detecting the content of each component in the molten steel, adding necessary alloy, completing the component adjustment of the content of Cr and Ni (the AOD tapping amount is about 5.2 t), and refining for 40min;
(4) And uniformly casting the 5.2t molten steel from the steel ladle within 6min, feeding 5mm aluminum wires along with steel flow in the casting process, setting the feeding speed of the aluminum wires to be 65m/min, feeding 390m aluminum wires in total, wherein the total weight of the fed aluminum wires is 20.7kg, the molten steel is completely cast, the weight of an electrode ingot is 5.04 tons, and the residual of a casting system is 0.16 ton.
The AOD tapping components after the completion of the above step (2) were measured, and the results are shown in the following table 2 (mass fraction,%):
TABLE 2
| C | Cr | Ni | Fe | Cu | Al | Ti | Si | Mn | P | S |
| 0.064 | 19.85 | 31.02 | Allowance of | 0.20 | — | 0.25 | 0.24 | 0.47 | 0.026 | 0.008 |
And (5) sampling and analyzing the aluminum element component and the aluminum oxide inclusion condition of the upper part, the middle part and the lower part of the final product prepared in the step (4), and obtaining the results as shown in the following table 3:
TABLE 3
| Sampling site | Al(wt％) | Aluminum oxide rating |
| On the upper part | 0.381 | 0.5 |
| In (1) | 0.382 | 0.5 |
| Lower part | 0.380 | 0 |
The comprehensive recovery rate of the aluminum is more than 90 percent, the uniformity of the aluminum component is in a reasonable range, and the highest grade of the B-type aluminum oxide inclusion is 0.5 grade.
Comparative example 1:
h08810 with the same composition as that of example 1 is produced for about 5t, and the specific production steps are as follows:
steps (1) - (2) are the same as example 1;
(3) Adding 18kg of pure titanium and 20.7kg of aluminum ingots into a ladle in advance, tapping the molten steel after slagging into a ladle refining furnace, melting the pure titanium by using impact stirring of the molten steel during tapping, detecting the content of each component in the molten steel, adding necessary alloy, completing the component adjustment of the content of Cr and Ni, and refining for 40min;
(4) And (3) casting the molten steel, wherein the weight of the electrode ingot is 5.02t after the molten steel is completely cast.
And (5) detecting the final product prepared in the step (4), sampling the upper part, the middle part and the lower part of the electrode ingot, and analyzing the aluminum element components and the aluminum oxide inclusions, wherein the results are shown in the following table 4:
TABLE 4
| Sampling site | Al(wt％) | Aluminum oxide rating |
| On the upper part | 0.285 | 1.5 |
| In | 0.283 | 1.5 |
| Lower part | 0.279 | 0.5 |
The comprehensive recovery rate of the aluminum is below 70, and the highest grade of the B-type aluminum oxide inclusion is 1.5 grade.
Comparative example 2:
h08810 with the same composition as that of example 1 is produced for about 5t, and the specific production steps are as follows:
step (1) is the same as in example 1;
(2) Adding 20.7kg of aluminum ingots into an AOD refining furnace in advance, adding 300kg of lime into the AOD refining furnace to perform decarburization refining, adding ferrosilicon alloy to perform prereduction (the alkalinity of prereduction slag is controlled to be 1.5-2.0) when the mass fraction of C is 0.052, pulling out the prereduction slag as clean as possible, and then adding 80kg of reduction lime and 35kg of fluorite to perform slagging;
(3) Adding 18kg of pure titanium into a ladle in advance, tapping the molten steel subjected to slagging into a ladle refining furnace, melting the pure titanium by using impact stirring of the molten steel during tapping, detecting the content of each component in the molten steel, adding necessary alloy, completing the component adjustment of the content of Cr and Ni, and refining for 40min;
(4) And (3) casting the molten steel, wherein the weight of the electrode ingot is 5.02t after the molten steel is completely cast.
And (5) detecting the final product prepared in the step (4), sampling the upper part, the middle part and the lower part of the electrode ingot, and analyzing the aluminum element components and the aluminum oxide inclusions, wherein the results are shown in the following table 5:
TABLE 5
| Sampling site | Al(wt％) | Aluminum oxide rating |
| On the upper part | 0.241 | 1.5 |
| In (1) | 0.237 | 1.5 |
| Lower part | 0.240 | 0.5 |
The comprehensive recovery rate of the aluminum is below 60, and the highest grade of the B-type aluminum oxide inclusion is 1.5 grade.
According to the detection results of the embodiment 1 and the comparative examples 1-2, the processing mode of the embodiment 1 can effectively improve the recovery rate of aluminum, reduce the content of aluminum oxide inclusions and improve the quality of products.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrases "comprising one of 8230; \8230;" 8230; "does not exclude the presence of additional like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The production method of the nickel-based alloy electrode ingot containing the aluminum element is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) Molten steel smelting: primarily smelting molten steel by adopting an electric arc furnace, and removing slag of the electric arc furnace to obtain pretreated molten steel for later use;
(2) Refining molten steel: decarburizing and refining the pretreated molten steel by adopting an AOD refining furnace, then carrying out pre-reduction treatment, removing pre-reduction furnace slag, and making new furnace slag to obtain refined molten steel for later use;
(3) Secondary refining: placing the refined molten steel in a ladle refining furnace for secondary refining, and finely adjusting alloy elements except aluminum to meet the steel grade requirement to obtain balanced molten steel;
(4) Constant-flow casting and aluminum feeding: and uniformly casting the balanced molten steel into a mould by adopting a steel ladle, feeding aluminum wires along with the steel flow in the casting process, and cooling in a steel casting mould after casting to obtain the nickel-based alloy electrode ingot containing the aluminum element.
2. The method for producing an aluminum element-containing nickel-based alloy electrode ingot according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (1), the alkalinity of the slag of the electric arc furnace is controlled to be 1.2-1.5, and the silicon content in the pretreated molten steel is controlled to be 0.3-0.6%.
3. The method for producing an aluminum-containing nickel-based alloy electrode ingot according to claim 1, wherein: and (3) refining in the step (2) by adding lime into the molten steel for decarburization refining, then adding ferrosilicon alloy for prereduction, removing prereduction slag, and then adding reduction lime and fluorite for slagging, wherein the alkalinity of the prereduction slag is controlled to be 1.5-2.0.
4. The method for producing an aluminum element-containing nickel-based alloy electrode ingot according to claim 3, wherein: the mass ratio of the lime added in the decarburization refining process to the pretreated molten steel is 5-8: 100.
5. The method for producing an aluminum-containing nickel-based alloy electrode ingot according to claim 3, wherein: the mass ratio of the reducing lime and fluorite added in the slagging process to the pretreated molten steel is 15-18: 5-9: 1000.
6. The method for producing an aluminum element-containing nickel-based alloy electrode ingot according to claim 1, wherein: the superheat degree of the molten steel in the casting process is 80-100 ℃.
7. The method for producing an aluminum-containing nickel-based alloy electrode ingot according to claim 1, wherein: the casting flow speed of the molten steel in the process of casting the molten steel is 0.8-1t/min.
8. The method for producing an aluminum-containing nickel-based alloy electrode ingot according to claim 1, wherein: the diameter of the aluminum wire fed along with the steel flow in the casting process is 3-5mm.
9. The method for producing an aluminum element-containing nickel-based alloy electrode ingot according to claim 1, wherein: the feeding speed of the aluminum wire along with the steel flow is 62-68m/min.
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| CN102899578A (en) * | 2011-07-25 | 2013-01-30 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Iron-nickel-chromium alloy oil casing and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN105506212A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-04-20 | 首钢总公司 | High-aluminum complex-phase steel and smelting method thereof |
| CN109790608A (en) * | 2016-10-04 | 2019-05-21 | 日本冶金工业株式会社 | Fe-Cr-Ni alloy and its manufacturing method |
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2022
- 2022-10-21 CN CN202211290982.3A patent/CN115505747A/en active Pending
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| CN102899578A (en) * | 2011-07-25 | 2013-01-30 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Iron-nickel-chromium alloy oil casing and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN105219923A (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2016-01-06 | 福建鼎信实业有限公司 | A kind of RKEF produces the technique of ferronickel, ferrochrome and AOD furnace triplex process smelting stainless steel |
| CN105506212A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-04-20 | 首钢总公司 | High-aluminum complex-phase steel and smelting method thereof |
| CN109790608A (en) * | 2016-10-04 | 2019-05-21 | 日本冶金工业株式会社 | Fe-Cr-Ni alloy and its manufacturing method |
| CN114635058A (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2022-06-17 | 宝武特种冶金有限公司 | Nickel-based superalloy electroslag ingot and manufacturing method thereof |
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| Title |
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| 刘振: "结晶器喂铝线工艺开发应用", 《现代制造技术与装备》, no. 03, pages 33 - 35 * |
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