CN115505603A - Equipment and method for cooperatively treating kitchen waste through dry and semi-dry anaerobic digestion - Google Patents
Equipment and method for cooperatively treating kitchen waste through dry and semi-dry anaerobic digestion Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A method for treating kitchen garbage by using dry and semi-dry anaerobic digestion in a synergistic manner comprises the following steps: (a) The receiving system collects kitchen waste leachate and conveys the kitchen waste leachate to the air floatation device, and air floatation mud is separated and conveyed to the semi-dry storage tank; (b) Screening the perishable garbage from the kitchen garbage of the material receiving system through a pretreatment system, conveying the perishable garbage to an extrusion dehydration device, allowing an organic liquid phase to enter a semi-dry storage tank, and conveying an organic solid phase to a storage box; (c) The mixed materials in the semi-dry storage tank enter a semi-dry anaerobic fermentation tank, and the generated digested sludge II enters a biogas slurry mixing tank; (d) Conveying the organic solid phase of the storage tank into a dry anaerobic fermentation tank, conveying the generated digested sludge I to a solid-liquid separation device, and conveying the separated biogas slurry and the digested sludge II into a biogas slurry mixing tank; (e) And the biogas slurry mixing tank is further dehydrated through a biogas slurry dehydration device. The invention can realize the full treatment of the anaerobic digestion of the kitchen waste biomass, and has high anaerobic digestion treatment capability and stable production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of anaerobic digestion treatment of kitchen waste, and relates to equipment and a method for treating the kitchen waste by using dry and semi-dry anaerobic digestion.
Background
The kitchen garbage mainly comprises perishable garbage such as leftovers, melon peels, shells, bones and the like in household life. Because the kitchen garbage contains higher organic matters, the anaerobic fermentation technology is usually adopted, and the anaerobic microbial flora is used for decomposing the organic matters and generating the methane capable of recycling the biomass energy, so that the method is an important means for recycling the kitchen garbage.
At present, most of domestic kitchen waste anaerobic digestion processes adopt single dry anaerobic digestion or wet anaerobic digestion, but with the improvement of the classification level of municipal waste, organic matter components in the kitchen waste are continuously increased, the solid content is reduced to 18-25%, and the anaerobic digestion projects are more or less faced with some problems. Therefore, for kitchen garbage in a new situation, a dry type and semi-dry type anaerobic digestion synergistic treatment mode is adopted, so that the utilization rate of organic matters in the kitchen garbage and the stability of anaerobic digestion production can be improved.
In the existing product (process technology), wet anaerobic fermentation usually adopts a CSTR process, the solid content in a tank is generally below 5 percent, and liquid materials are mainly treated; the solid content in the dry anaerobic fermentation tank is 20-40%, and the dry anaerobic fermentation technology is an anaerobic fermentation technology which is carried out under the condition of no or almost no free flow; the solid content in the semi-dry anaerobic fermentation tank is 5-15%, and the semi-dry anaerobic fermentation tank has good compatibility with complex organic materials and wide application range. At present, domestic dry anaerobic digestion project treatment of kitchen waste is generally carried out by a material receiving system and a pretreatment system, solid organic substances are separated and directly enter dry anaerobic digestion; the wet anaerobic digestion treatment process flow of the kitchen waste comprises a material receiving system, crushing and screening, spiral extrusion, a sand and impurity removing and oil removing system of an extrusion liquid phase and then a wet anaerobic digestion system.
With the reduction of the solid content of the kitchen garbage, a single dry anaerobic digestion treatment is adopted, an anaerobic fermentation tank is easy to thin and layer, abnormal feeding and discharging and the like are frequently caused, and in order to solve the problems, the kitchen garbage is usually extruded and dehydrated in China to improve the solid content of the kitchen garbage in the tank, but a large amount of organic matters are inevitably lost, and the resource utilization rate is reduced.
The single wet anaerobic digestion is adopted to treat the kitchen waste, and the pretreatment processes of crushing, screening and screw extrusion are carried out on the kitchen waste, so that on one hand, a large amount of organic solid phase is lost, on the other hand, the extruded liquid phase can be subjected to wet anaerobic digestion only by complex processes of sand removal, impurity removal, oil extraction and the like, the required processes have complex pretreatment, long water conservancy residence time, large sewage treatment capacity and the like, and therefore, the single dry anaerobic digestion and the single wet anaerobic digestion have the defects.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide equipment and a method for cooperatively treating kitchen waste through dry and semi-dry anaerobic digestion, which can realize the full treatment of the anaerobic digestion of the biomass of the kitchen waste and have a series of advantages of simple form, low equipment abrasion, small volume of a required digestion tank, good raw material compatibility, small sewage amount, high anaerobic digestion treatment capacity, stable production and the like.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the solution of the invention is:
a method for treating kitchen garbage by using dry and semi-dry anaerobic digestion in a synergistic manner comprises the following steps:
(a) The method comprises the following steps of (1) collecting and transporting kitchen waste to a material receiving system through a special vehicle, collecting kitchen waste leachate by the material receiving system, conveying the leachate to an air floatation device for solid-liquid separation, purifying wastewater, simultaneously separating air floatation mud with high organic matter content, conveying the air floatation mud into a semi-dry storage tank to be mixed with other materials, conveying the air floatation mud into a semi-dry anaerobic fermentation tank by a pump, and performing anaerobic digestion to obtain biogas;
(b) After the percolate is collected, conveying kitchen waste in the material receiving system into a pretreatment system, removing interferents which are difficult to degrade and are not beneficial to production by the pretreatment system, screening out biodegradable perishable garbage, conveying the biodegradable perishable garbage to an extrusion dehydration device for extrusion, conveying an extruded organic liquid phase into a semi-dry storage tank, and conveying an organic solid phase to a storage box;
(c) The semi-dry type storage tank has a stirring function, the organic liquid phase and the air floatation mud after the mixed extrusion are input into the semi-dry type anaerobic fermentation tank for anaerobic digestion through a pump at regular time and quantity, the internal structure and the stirring form of the semi-dry type anaerobic fermentation tank are the same as those of the dry type anaerobic fermentation tank, the mixed material in the semi-dry type storage tank directly enters the semi-dry type anaerobic fermentation tank for semi-dry type anaerobic digestion, and the generated digested sludge II enters the biogas slurry mixing tank;
(d) Conveying the organic solid phase in the storage box into a dry anaerobic fermentation tank for dry anaerobic digestion, conveying digested sludge I generated in the dry anaerobic fermentation tank to a solid-liquid separation device, performing solid-liquid separation to obtain primary biogas residues and biogas slurry, and conveying the biogas slurry and digested sludge II generated in the semi-dry anaerobic fermentation tank into a biogas slurry mixing pool;
(e) And (3) further dehydrating the biogas slurry and the digested sludge in the biogas slurry mixing pool by a biogas slurry dehydrating device, returning part of the dehydrated secondary biogas residues to the semi-dry anaerobic fermentation tank, and allowing the dehydrated sewage to enter a sewage treatment system.
Further, in the step (a), the material receiving system has a draining function, the material receiving system collects kitchen waste leachate through draining, a draining tank is arranged in the material receiving system and used for collecting the kitchen waste leachate, the leachate is conveyed to the air floatation device through a pipeline, and air floatation tail water separated from the air floatation device enters the sewage treatment system for further treatment.
Further, in the step (b), the kitchen garbage in the material receiving system is grabbed to a plate feeder by a forklift or a grab hopper and is conveyed to enter a pretreatment system through the plate feeder, the pretreatment system comprises a manual monitoring, bag breaking, magnetic separation and screening device, biodegradable perishable garbage is conveyed to an extrusion dehydration device through a belt, an extruded organic solid phase is conveyed to a storage box through the belt and a screw, and the organic solid phase in the storage box enters the dry anaerobic fermentation tank through the belt and the screw.
Further, in the step (d), the dry anaerobic fermentation tank adopts a vacuum unloading tank for extraction and unloading, the generated digested sludge is conveyed to a solid-liquid separation device through a pipeline, the separated biogas residues are subjected to composting or outward transportation, and meanwhile, biogas generated by the dry anaerobic fermentation tank and biogas generated by the semi-dry fermentation tank are collected and utilized in a unified manner.
A device for treating kitchen garbage by using dry and semi-dry anaerobic digestion in a synergistic manner comprises a material receiving system, an air flotation device, a pretreatment system, an extrusion dehydration device, a semi-dry storage tank, a dry anaerobic fermentation tank, a solid-liquid separation device, a biogas slurry mixing tank, a biogas slurry dehydration device and a later-stage sewage treatment system;
the material receiving system is connected with the air floatation device and the pretreatment system, has a draining function and drains kitchen garbage in the material receiving system;
the semi-dry type storage tank has a stirring function and is used for mixing the extruded organic liquid phase, air-floated sludge or municipal dewatered sludge and inputting the mixture into a semi-dry type anaerobic fermentation tank at regular time and quantity for anaerobic digestion through a pump;
the semi-dry anaerobic fermentation tank and the dry anaerobic fermentation tank have the same internal structure and stirring form, the semi-dry anaerobic fermentation tank is used for carrying out anaerobic digestion on the mixed material in the semi-dry storage tank, the storage tank conveys the organic solid phase into the dry anaerobic fermentation tank, the dry anaerobic fermentation tank is used for carrying out dry anaerobic digestion on the organic solid phase separated by extrusion dehydration, the dry anaerobic fermentation tank adopts a vacuum discharge tank to extract and discharge materials and conveys the materials to a solid-liquid separation device through a pipeline, and the solid-liquid separation device is used for separating primary biogas residues and biogas slurry;
the biogas slurry separated by the mixed solid-liquid separation device of the biogas slurry mixing tank and the digested sludge generated by the semi-dry anaerobic tank are further dehydrated by the biogas slurry dehydration device.
Further, the storage box is used for temporarily storing the required tank feeding materials for 2-3 days and automatically discharging the materials to the dry anaerobic fermentation tank through the push rod, and the storage box is provided with a belt and a screw to convey the organic solid phase into the dry anaerobic fermentation tank for anaerobic digestion.
Furthermore, the semi-dry type storage tank has a stirring function and is matched with a feeding pipeline, a discharging pipeline and a control system so as to realize the timed and quantitative feeding of the semi-dry type anaerobic fermentation tank.
Further, the dry anaerobic fermentation tank is a horizontal plug flow dry anaerobic fermentation tank, a multi-shaft or single-shaft stirrer is arranged in the tank, a spiral feeding or plunger pump feeding device is adopted as a feeding mode at the front end of the fermentation tank, and a vacuum discharging tank is adopted for discharging materials at the rear end; the semi-dry anaerobic fermentation tank has the same structure as the dry anaerobic fermentation tank, and the feeding mode at the front end of the semi-dry anaerobic fermentation tank is conveyed by a screw pump.
Further, the air floatation device adopts an air floatation machine and comprises a dosing flocculation device; the biogas slurry dewatering device is a horizontal screw centrifuge, and the horizontal screw centrifuge comprises an automatic dosing device.
The solid-liquid separation device adopts a screw extrusion dehydrator, a screen and a screw shaft are arranged in the screw extrusion dehydrator, a squeezing area formed by the conveying force of the screw shaft and an extrusion cavity carries out squeezing dehydration on digested sludge, an extruded liquid phase is filtered out through the screen, and a solid phase material extruded to a certain dryness degree is pushed out of the equipment after passing through the extrusion cavity.
After the structure is adopted, the invention ingeniously utilizes the characteristics of the kitchen waste and the structural characteristics of the dry anaerobic digestion tank, designs a process route for cooperatively treating the kitchen waste by dry anaerobic digestion and semi-dry anaerobic digestion, directly converts the dry anaerobic digestion tank into the semi-dry anaerobic digestion tank, and carries out anaerobic digestion on the kitchen waste by extruding and dehydrating to generate a solid phase and a liquid phase which respectively enter the dry anaerobic digestion tank and the semi-dry anaerobic digestion tank.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to further explain the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention is explained in detail by the following specific examples.
Aiming at the defects of the change of domestic kitchen waste, the reduction of solid content and the increase of organic matter content in a single dry anaerobic digestion or wet anaerobic digestion project, the invention provides a method for treating the kitchen waste by the cooperation of dry anaerobic digestion and semi-dry anaerobic digestion, which is shown by a flow chart in a combined figure 1 and comprises the following steps:
(a) The kitchen waste is collected and transported to a material receiving system through a special vehicle, kitchen waste leachate is collected by the material receiving system 1, the leachate is conveyed to an air floatation device 2 for solid-liquid separation, wastewater is purified, air floatation mud with high organic matter content is separated, the air floatation mud enters a semi-dry type storage tank 3 and is mixed with other materials, and then the air floatation mud is conveyed to a semi-dry type anaerobic fermentation tank 4 through a pump for anaerobic digestion to obtain methane;
(b) After the percolate is collected, conveying kitchen waste in the material receiving system 1 into a pretreatment system 5, removing interferents which are difficult to degrade and are not beneficial to production by the pretreatment system 5, screening out biodegradable perishable garbage, conveying the biodegradable perishable garbage to an extrusion dehydration device 6 for extrusion, conveying an organic liquid phase after extrusion into a semi-dry storage tank 3, and conveying an organic solid phase to a storage box 7;
(c) The semi-dry type storage tank 3 has a stirring function, organic liquid phase, air-float sludge or municipal dewatered sludge after extrusion are mixed and input into the semi-dry type anaerobic fermentation tank 4 for anaerobic digestion through a pump at regular time and quantity, the internal structure and the stirring form of the semi-dry type anaerobic fermentation tank 4 and the dry type anaerobic fermentation tank 8 are the same, the mixed material of the semi-dry type storage tank 4 directly enters the semi-dry type anaerobic fermentation tank 4 for semi-dry type anaerobic digestion, the generated digested sludge II enters the biogas slurry mixing tank 11, and secondary biogas residues appropriately flow back according to the situation;
(d) Conveying the organic solid phase in the storage tank 7 into a dry anaerobic fermentation tank 8 for dry anaerobic digestion, conveying digested sludge generated in the dry anaerobic fermentation tank to a solid-liquid separation device 9, performing solid-liquid separation to obtain primary biogas residue and biogas slurry, and conveying the biogas slurry and digested sludge generated in the semi-dry anaerobic fermentation tank 4 into a biogas slurry mixing tank 11;
(e) The mixed biogas slurry in the biogas slurry mixing pool 11 is further dehydrated through a biogas slurry dehydrating device 12, part of the secondary biogas residues after the dehydration treatment can be selected to flow back to the semi-dry anaerobic fermentation tank 4, and the dehydrated sewage enters a sewage treatment system 13 for further treatment.
Specifically, in step (a), the material receiving system 1 has a draining function, the material receiving system collects kitchen waste leachate through draining, a draining tank is arranged in the material receiving system 1 and used for collecting kitchen waste leachate, the leachate can be conveyed to the air floatation device 2 through a pipeline, the air floatation device performs solid-liquid separation to purify wastewater, and air floatation tail water separated in the air floatation device 2 enters the sewage treatment system 13 for further treatment.
In the step (b), the kitchen garbage in the material receiving system 5 is grabbed to a plate feeder by a forklift or a grab hopper and is conveyed by the plate feeder to enter a pretreatment system, the pretreatment system comprises a manual monitoring device, a bag breaking device, a magnetic separation device, a drum screen or other screening devices, biodegradable perishable garbage can be conveyed to an extrusion dehydration device 6 through a belt, an extruded organic solid phase is conveyed to a storage box 7 through a belt and a screw, and the organic solid phase in the storage box 7 can enter a dry anaerobic fermentation tank 8 through the belt and the screw.
In the step (d), the dry anaerobic fermentation tank 8 can adopt a vacuum unloading tank for extraction and unloading, the generated digested sludge is conveyed to a solid-liquid separation device 9 through a pipeline for solid-liquid separation, and the separated biogas residues are selected for composting or outward transportation. Meanwhile, the marsh gas generated by the dry anaerobic fermentation tank and the marsh gas generated by the semi-dry fermentation tank are collected and utilized uniformly.
In the step (e), after the mixed biogas slurry and the digested sludge in the biogas slurry mixing tank are subjected to dehydration treatment, because the secondary biogas residues are large in quantity and high in solid content rate and contain abundant and large amount of microorganisms, the semi-dry anaerobic fermentation tank is generally provided with an inlet and an outlet, and a large part of secondary biogas residues are transported outwards to keep material balance, but the secondary biogas residues can be appropriately refluxed according to the running condition of the semi-dry fermentation tank so as to improve the solid content rate, the treatment capacity and the stability of the semi-dry anaerobic fermentation tank.
The invention also discloses equipment for cooperatively treating kitchen waste by dry and semi-dry anaerobic digestion, which comprises a material receiving system 1, an air flotation device 2, a pretreatment system 5, an extrusion dehydration device 6, a semi-dry storage tank 3, a storage tank 7, a dry anaerobic fermentation tank 8, a solid-liquid separation device 9, a biogas slurry mixing tank 11, a biogas slurry dehydration device 12 and a later-stage sewage treatment system 13;
the material receiving system 1 is connected with the air floatation device 2 and the pretreatment system 5, and the material receiving system 5 has a draining function and drains kitchen garbage in the material receiving system;
the air flotation device 2 is used for separating air flotation mud from percolate to enter the semi-dry type storage tank 3, the pretreatment system 5 can screen kitchen garbage in the material feeding system to obtain biodegradable perishable garbage, the extrusion dehydration device 6 extrudes the biodegradable perishable garbage, the semi-dry type storage tank 3 receives an extruded organic liquid phase, the organic solid phase is conveyed to the storage tank 7, the semi-dry type storage tank 3 has a stirring function and is used for mixing the extruded organic liquid phase, the air flotation mud or municipal dehydrated mud and inputting the mixture into the semi-dry type anaerobic fermentation tank 4 for anaerobic digestion at regular time and quantity through a pump; the internal structure and the stirring form of the semi-dry anaerobic fermentation tank 4 and the dry anaerobic fermentation tank 8 are the same, the semi-dry anaerobic fermentation tank 4 is used for carrying out anaerobic digestion on the mixed material in the semi-dry storage tank 3, the storage tank 7 conveys the organic solid phase into the dry anaerobic fermentation tank 8, the dry anaerobic fermentation tank is used for carrying out dry anaerobic digestion on the organic solid phase separated by extrusion dehydration, the dry anaerobic fermentation tank adopts a vacuum discharge tank to extract and discharge materials and conveys the materials to a solid-liquid separation device 9 through a pipeline, and the solid-liquid separation device 9 is used for separating primary biogas residues and biogas slurry; the biogas slurry mixing tank 11 mixes the biogas slurry separated by the solid-liquid separation device and the digested sludge II generated by the semi-dry anaerobic tank 4, and the biogas slurry dehydration device 12 further dehydrates the mixed biogas slurry in the biogas slurry mixing tank.
Specifically, the storage box 7 can be used for temporarily storing materials required for 2-3 days in the tank, and can automatically discharge the materials to the dry anaerobic fermentation tank 8 through the push rod, and the storage box 7 is also provided with a belt and a screw which can convey organic solid phase into the dry anaerobic fermentation tank 8 for anaerobic digestion.
The semi-dry type storage tank 3 has a stirring function and is matched with a feeding pipeline, a discharging pipeline and a control system so as to realize the timed and quantitative feeding of the semi-dry type anaerobic fermentation tank 4.
The dry anaerobic fermentation tank 8 can be a horizontal plug-flow dry anaerobic fermentation tank, a multi-shaft or single-shaft stirrer is arranged in the tank and used for stirring materials in the tank, a spiral feeding or plunger pump feeding device is adopted in a feeding mode at the front end of the fermentation tank, and the rear end of the fermentation tank is used for discharging materials in a vacuum discharging tank. The semi-dry anaerobic fermentation tank has the same structure as the dry anaerobic fermentation tank, but the front end feeding mode of the semi-dry anaerobic fermentation tank is changed into screw pump conveying. Specifically, the dry anaerobic fermentation tank mainly comprises a horizontal fermentation tank body, a front end feeding device (adopting a feeding screw or a plunger pump in a dry mode), a rear end discharging device, a stirring shaft (a multi-shaft or single-shaft stirrer), a sampling port, an online monitoring material level meter, a thermometer, a tank top methane outlet, a pressure release valve and the like, wherein the tank body is generally built by reinforced concrete, and a hot water or cold water circulating pipeline and a heat insulation layer are paved on the tank wall. The semi-dry fermentation tank is similar to the dry fermentation tank in structure, and is mainly distinguished in that a screw pump is adopted to convey the feeding mode in a front-end feeding device. The dry anaerobic fermentation tank or the dry anaerobic fermentation tank has the same internal structure, and during construction and design, each fermentation tank can keep two feeding modes, wherein one mode is that the front end feeding is spiral or plunger pump feeding, and the other mode is that the screw pump is conveyed to the feeding hole. When dry anaerobic fermentation is selected, a screw pump or a plunger pump is selected for feeding, and a screw pump feeding mode is closed; when the semi-dry type is selected, the opposite is true.
The solid-liquid separation device can adopt a spiral extrusion dehydrator, a screen and a spiral shaft are arranged in the spiral extrusion dehydrator, a squeezing area formed by the conveying force of the spiral shaft and the extrusion cavity carries out squeezing dehydration on digested sludge, the squeezed liquid phase is filtered out through the screen, and the solid-phase material extruded to certain dryness is pushed out of the equipment after passing through the extrusion cavity. The screen mesh can adopt the particle size according to the selection requirement, and for the digested sludge of the dry type fermentation tank, the screen mesh with the particle size of 5mm is generally adopted to carry out solid-liquid separation on the digested sludge obtained by dry type anaerobic digestion.
The air flotation device adopts an air flotation machine and comprises a dosing flocculation device. The biogas slurry dewatering device is a horizontal screw centrifuge, the horizontal screw centrifuge comprises an automatic dosing device which can be an automatic dosing device such as PAC or PAM, and the mixed biogas slurry is better dewatered and centrifuged by dosing and mixing, flocculation.
After adopting the scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) The perishable garbage screened from the kitchen garbage is extruded and dehydrated, and the organic solid phase enters dry anaerobic digestion which can be stably and efficiently produced; the liquid phase does not need complex treatment such as sand removal, impurity removal and the like, and directly enters the semi-dry anaerobic digestion, so that the method is simple in form, wide in material adaptation and high in resource utilization rate.
(2) Aiming at the existing dry anaerobic digestion project of kitchen garbage, the dry anaerobic digestion tank can be directly converted into a semi-dry anaerobic digestion tank.
(3) The semi-dry anaerobic digestion tank is generally a horizontal push type anaerobic digestion tank, is degraded in a segmented progressive manner, and has high production efficiency; the tolerance to solid content fluctuation of the feed of the digestion tank is high, the oil content is insensitive, the stirring is mild, the power consumption is low, the sewage generated by the semi-dry anaerobic digestion is less, and the volume gas yield and the volume load rate are higher than those of wet anaerobic fermentation.
(4) The horizontal plug-flow dry anaerobic digestion tank can be directly used as a semi-dry anaerobic digestion tank and a dry anaerobic digestion tank, and the two digestion tanks are cooperatively used, have low requirements on tank feeding materials, and can adapt to materials with different water contents and properties.
(5) The semi-dry storage tank can be used for mixing other exogenous materials such as air-borne mud, organic liquid phase, municipal dewatered sludge and the like, the mixture enters the semi-dry anaerobic digestion tank, the resource utilization rate can be improved, and the volume gas yield and the volume load rate of the semi-dry anaerobic digestion tank are higher than those of wet anaerobic fermentation tank.
(6) The biogas slurry after solid-liquid separation after dry anaerobic digestion and the half-dry anaerobic digested sludge II can be mixed and then treated uniformly without separate treatment, the form is simple, and the problems of difficult treatment of dry anaerobic primary biogas slurry, large treatment capacity of wet anaerobic fermentation sewage and the like are solved.
The above embodiments and drawings are not intended to limit the form and style of the product of the present invention, and any suitable changes or modifications thereof by one of ordinary skill in the art should be considered as not departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for treating kitchen garbage by using dry and semi-dry anaerobic digestion is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(a) The method comprises the following steps of (1) collecting and transporting kitchen waste to a material receiving system through a special vehicle, collecting kitchen waste leachate by the material receiving system, conveying the leachate to an air floatation device for solid-liquid separation, purifying wastewater, simultaneously separating air floatation mud with high organic matter content, conveying the air floatation mud into a semi-dry storage tank to be mixed with other materials, conveying the air floatation mud into a semi-dry anaerobic fermentation tank by a pump, and performing anaerobic digestion to obtain biogas;
(b) After the percolate is collected, conveying kitchen waste in the material receiving system into a pretreatment system, removing interferents which are difficult to degrade and are not beneficial to production by the pretreatment system, screening out biodegradable perishable garbage, conveying the biodegradable perishable garbage to an extrusion dehydration device for extrusion, conveying an extruded organic liquid phase into a semi-dry storage tank, and conveying an organic solid phase to a storage box;
(c) The semi-dry type storage tank has a stirring function, the organic liquid phase and the air floatation mud after the mixed extrusion are input into the semi-dry type anaerobic fermentation tank for anaerobic digestion through a pump at regular time and quantity, the internal structure and the stirring form of the semi-dry type anaerobic fermentation tank are the same as those of the dry type anaerobic fermentation tank, the mixed material in the semi-dry type storage tank directly enters the semi-dry type anaerobic fermentation tank for semi-dry type anaerobic digestion, and the generated digested sludge II enters the biogas slurry mixing tank;
(d) Conveying the organic solid phase in the storage box into a dry anaerobic fermentation tank for dry anaerobic digestion, conveying digested sludge I generated in the dry anaerobic fermentation tank to a solid-liquid separation device, performing solid-liquid separation to obtain primary biogas residues and biogas slurry, and conveying the biogas slurry and digested sludge II generated in the semi-dry anaerobic fermentation tank into a biogas slurry mixing pool;
(e) And (3) further dehydrating the biogas slurry and the digested sludge in the biogas slurry mixing pool by a biogas slurry dehydrating device, returning part of the dehydrated secondary biogas residues to the semi-dry anaerobic fermentation tank, and allowing the dehydrated sewage to enter a sewage treatment system.
2. The method for the cooperative treatment of kitchen waste by dry and semi-dry anaerobic digestion according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (a), the material receiving system has a draining function, the material receiving system collects kitchen garbage leachate through draining, a draining pool is arranged in the material receiving system and used for collecting the kitchen garbage leachate, the leachate is conveyed to the air floatation device through a pipeline, and air floatation tail water separated from the air floatation device enters the sewage treatment system for further treatment.
3. The method for co-processing kitchen waste by dry and semi-dry anaerobic digestion according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (b), the kitchen garbage in the material receiving system is grabbed to a plate feeder by a forklift or a grab hopper and is conveyed to enter a pretreatment system through the plate feeder, the pretreatment system comprises a manual monitoring and selecting device, a bag breaking device, a magnetic separation device and a screening device, biodegradable perishable garbage is conveyed to an extrusion dehydration device through a belt, an extruded organic solid phase is conveyed to a storage box through the belt and a screw, and the organic solid phase in the storage box enters a dry anaerobic fermentation tank through the belt and the screw.
4. The method for co-processing kitchen waste by dry and semi-dry anaerobic digestion according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (d), the dry anaerobic fermentation tank adopts a vacuum discharge tank to extract and discharge materials, the generated digested sludge is conveyed to a solid-liquid separation device through a pipeline, the separated biogas residues are selected to be composted or transported outside, and simultaneously, biogas generated by the dry anaerobic fermentation tank and biogas generated by the semi-dry fermentation tank are collected and utilized uniformly.
5. The utility model provides an equipment of kitchen garbage is handled with half dry-type anaerobic digestion synergism which characterized in that: comprises a material receiving system, an air flotation device, a pretreatment system, an extrusion dehydration device, a semi-dry storage tank, a dry anaerobic fermentation tank, a solid-liquid separation device, a biogas slurry mixing tank, a biogas slurry dehydration device and a later-stage sewage treatment system;
the material receiving system is connected with the air floatation device and the pretreatment system, has a draining function and drains kitchen garbage in the material receiving system;
the semi-dry type storage tank has a stirring function and is used for mixing the extruded organic liquid phase, air flotation mud or municipal dewatered sludge and inputting the mixed organic liquid phase, air flotation mud or municipal dewatered sludge into a semi-dry type anaerobic fermentation tank at regular time and quantity for anaerobic digestion;
the semi-dry anaerobic fermentation tank and the dry anaerobic fermentation tank have the same internal structure and stirring form, the semi-dry anaerobic fermentation tank is used for carrying out anaerobic digestion on the mixed material in the semi-dry storage tank, the storage tank conveys the organic solid phase into the dry anaerobic fermentation tank, the dry anaerobic fermentation tank is used for carrying out dry anaerobic digestion on the organic solid phase separated by extrusion dehydration, the dry anaerobic fermentation tank adopts a vacuum discharge tank to extract and discharge materials and conveys the materials to a solid-liquid separation device through a pipeline, and the solid-liquid separation device is used for separating primary biogas residues and biogas slurry;
biogas slurry separated by the biogas slurry mixing tank mixed solid-liquid separation device and digested sludge generated by the semi-dry anaerobic tank are further dehydrated by the biogas slurry dehydration device.
6. The apparatus for co-processing kitchen waste by dry and semi-dry anaerobic digestion according to claim 5, wherein: the storage box is used for temporarily storing materials required by 2-3 days in the dry anaerobic fermentation tank and automatically discharging the materials to the dry anaerobic fermentation tank through the push rod, and the storage box is provided with a belt and a screw to convey organic solid phase into the dry anaerobic fermentation tank for anaerobic digestion.
7. The apparatus for co-processing kitchen waste by dry and semi-dry anaerobic digestion according to claim 5, wherein: the semi-dry type storage tank has a stirring function and is matched with a feeding pipeline, a discharging pipeline and a control system so as to realize the timed and quantitative feeding of the semi-dry type anaerobic fermentation tank.
8. The apparatus for co-processing kitchen waste by dry and semi-dry anaerobic digestion according to claim 5, wherein: the dry anaerobic fermentation tank is a horizontal plug-flow dry anaerobic fermentation tank, a multi-shaft or single-shaft stirrer is arranged in the tank, a spiral feeding or plunger pump feeding device is adopted as a feeding mode at the front end of the fermentation tank, and a vacuum discharging tank is adopted for discharging materials at the rear end of the fermentation tank; the semi-dry anaerobic fermentation tank has the same structure as the dry anaerobic fermentation tank, and the feeding mode at the front end of the semi-dry anaerobic fermentation tank is conveyed by a screw pump.
9. The apparatus for co-processing kitchen waste by dry and semi-dry anaerobic digestion according to claim 5, wherein: the air flotation device adopts an air flotation machine and comprises a dosing flocculation device; the biogas slurry dehydration device is a horizontal screw centrifuge, and the horizontal screw centrifuge comprises an automatic dosing device.
10. The apparatus for co-processing kitchen waste by dry and semi-dry anaerobic digestion according to claim 5, wherein: the solid-liquid separation device adopts a screw extrusion dehydrator, a screen and a screw shaft are arranged in the screw extrusion dehydrator, a squeezing area formed by the conveying force of the screw shaft and an extrusion cavity carries out squeezing dehydration on digested sludge, an extruded liquid phase is filtered out through the screen, and a solid phase material extruded to a certain dryness degree is pushed out of the equipment after passing through the extrusion cavity.
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