CN115502189A - Retired photovoltaic module separation and recovery system - Google Patents

Retired photovoltaic module separation and recovery system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115502189A
CN115502189A CN202211155608.2A CN202211155608A CN115502189A CN 115502189 A CN115502189 A CN 115502189A CN 202211155608 A CN202211155608 A CN 202211155608A CN 115502189 A CN115502189 A CN 115502189A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
separation
photovoltaic module
shell
recovery system
decommissioned
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CN202211155608.2A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN115502189B (en
Inventor
鲁涛
黄健
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Shenzhen Xinghe Environment Co ltd
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Shenzhen Xinghe Environment Co ltd
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Priority to CN202211155608.2A priority Critical patent/CN115502189B/en
Publication of CN115502189A publication Critical patent/CN115502189A/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09BDISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B5/00Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09BDISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B3/00Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09BDISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B3/00Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • B09B3/30Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving mechanical treatment
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09BDISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B3/00Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • B09B3/40Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09BDISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B2101/00Type of solid waste
    • B09B2101/15Electronic waste
    • B09B2101/16Batteries
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/20Waste processing or separation
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/82Recycling of waste of electrical or electronic equipment [WEEE]

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

The application discloses a decommissioning photovoltaic module separation and recovery system which mainly comprises a heat treatment furnace, a first separation module and a second separation module; the heat treatment furnace is used for heating the retired photovoltaic module so as to facilitate separation of structures, and the first separation assembly and the second separation assembly are respectively used for respectively recycling tempered glass, a frame, a welding strip and a battery piece of the retired photovoltaic module; according to the technical scheme, the toughened glass of the retired photovoltaic module and the efficient and automatic separation of the frame, the cell piece, the welding strip and the ash slag are achieved.

Description

Retired photovoltaic module separation and recovery system
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of photovoltaic module processing, in particular to a retired photovoltaic module separation and recovery system.
Background
Nowadays, china has become the biggest photovoltaic module producing country in the world and the biggest photovoltaic power generation applying country in the world, and is also the country with the largest photovoltaic module decommissioning amount in the coming years.
The main components of the retired photovoltaic module are glass, an aluminum frame, a bus bar, a battery piece, a TPT (thermoplastic vulcanizate) back plate and the like, and currently, in order to achieve a double-carbon target, technical methods related to the separation and recovery of the retired photovoltaic module are developed in China, such as a crushing recovery method, and complete components such as the battery piece and the like are difficult to recover through crushing the module; the organic solvent method is characterized in that the photovoltaic module is treated by using an organic solvent, so that the recovery efficiency is low, and the organic waste liquid is difficult to treat in the later period; the high-temperature treatment method can generate a large amount of harmful gas in the direct high-temperature treatment process and generate the problem of air pollution.
In the method, the high-temperature heat treatment method can decompose the organic matters completely and efficiently to achieve the effect of separating and recycling the battery piece and the toughened glass, but in the prior art, the separation and recycling of the battery piece, the ash residue and the welding strip after high-temperature treatment need a lot of manpower and time, and a mature and effective separation system and method are not available.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a decommissioning photovoltaic module separation recovery system realizes high-efficient, the automatic separation of decommissioning photovoltaic module's battery piece, solder strip, lime-ash, toughened glass and frame.
The embodiment of the application provides a decommissioned photovoltaic module separation and recovery system, wherein a photovoltaic module comprises toughened glass, a frame, a battery piece and a welding strip, and the separation and recovery system comprises a heat treatment furnace, a first separation module and a second separation module;
the heat treatment furnace comprises a heating cavity, wherein a conveying belt for conveying the photovoltaic modules and a plurality of heating devices for heating the photovoltaic modules on the conveying belt are arranged in the heating cavity;
the first separation assembly comprises a first shell, a plurality of separation rollers butted with the conveying belt are mounted in the first shell, and the separation rollers are uniformly distributed along the conveying direction of the conveying belt; any one of the separating rollers is provided with a spiral outer edge, the spiral directions of the spiral outer edges of two adjacent separating rollers are opposite, and the outer edge is provided with a tooth-shaped structure; the distance between two adjacent separating rollers is larger than the sizes of the battery piece and the welding strip and smaller than the sizes of the toughened glass and the frame; the first shell is provided with a first discharge hole along the conveying direction of the separation roller, and toughened glass and a frame receiving platform which are in butt joint with the separation roller are arranged outside the first discharge hole;
a first screening device is further installed in the first shell and located below the separation roller, the size of a sieve pore of the first screening device is smaller than that of a welding strip and larger than that of a battery piece, a second discharge hole corresponding to the first screening device is formed in the side wall of the first shell, and a welding strip recovery device is installed on the outer side of the second discharge hole;
the second separation assembly comprises a second shell, the second shell is communicated with an outlet of the first screening device, a second screening device is installed in the second shell, the size of a screen hole of the second screening device is smaller than that of a battery piece, a third discharge hole corresponding to the second screening device is formed in the side wall of the second shell, and a battery piece recovery device is installed on the outer side of the third discharge hole;
and the bottom of the second shell is also provided with an ash collecting bin which is butted with the second screening device.
In some embodiments, a plurality of fins are uniformly distributed on the surface of the conveying belt, the distance between the fins is smaller than the length of the photovoltaic assembly, the width of any fin is larger than the width of the photovoltaic assembly, and the height of any fin is larger than the thickness of the photovoltaic assembly.
In some embodiments, the heating device is configured as an electric radiation heating plate or a gas radiation heating plate, and a plurality of the heating devices are uniformly arranged above and below the conveying belt.
In some embodiments, the inner wall of the heating cavity is further added with an insulating layer structure.
In some embodiments, the spiral outer edge of the separation roller is integrally formed by rubber.
In some embodiments, the first and second sifters are configured as vibrating sifters or mesh belt sifters.
In some embodiments, the heat treatment furnace is further provided with a first waste gas outlet, and the first waste gas outlet is provided with a first induced draft fan.
In some embodiments, the first shell is further provided with a second waste gas outlet, and the second waste gas outlet is sequentially provided with a second induced draft fan and a bag-type dust collector.
In some embodiments, the feeding ports and the discharging ports of the heat treatment furnace, the first separation assembly and the second separation assembly are respectively provided with a flexible curtain.
In some embodiments, the solder strip recycling device and the battery piece recycling device are both configured as ultrasonic cleaning tanks.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of this application is: the mode that current retired photovoltaic module separation was retrieved has been improved, accomplishes the separation of photovoltaic glass and frame, solder strip, battery piece, lime-ash through a plurality of roll-type separators, a plurality of sieving machine with automatic ground, has accomplished the recovery of the fine component of photovoltaic, has reduced artifical input and consumption simultaneously, reaches simple, effectual recovery effect.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the structures shown in the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the separation and recovery system of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the sweeping and separating roller of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a plan view of the cleaning/separating roller of the present invention;
the implementation, functional features and advantages of the object of the present application will be further explained with reference to the embodiments, and with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present application.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used in the description of the present application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.
Referring to fig. 1, the retired photovoltaic module separation and recovery system provided by this embodiment includes a tempered glass, a frame, a cell, and a solder strip, and includes a heat treatment furnace, a first separation module, and a second separation module;
the heat treatment furnace comprises a heating cavity 11, wherein a conveying belt 12 for conveying photovoltaic modules and a plurality of heating devices 13 for heating the photovoltaic modules on the conveying belt 12 are arranged in the heating cavity 11;
the first separation assembly comprises a first shell 21, a plurality of separation rollers 22 butted with the conveying belt 12 are installed in the first shell 21, and the separation rollers 22 are uniformly distributed along the conveying direction of the conveying belt 12; any one of the separation rollers 22 is provided with a spiral outer edge 23, the spiral directions of the spiral outer edges 23 of two adjacent separation rollers 22 are opposite, and the outer edges are provided with tooth-shaped structures 24; the distance between two adjacent separating rollers 22 is larger than the sizes of the battery piece and the welding strip and smaller than the sizes of the toughened glass and the frame; a first discharge hole 25 is formed in the first shell 21 along the conveying direction of the separation roller 22, and tempered glass and a frame receiving platform 26 which is in butt joint with the separation roller 22 are arranged on the outer side of the first discharge hole 25;
a first screening device 27 is further installed in the first shell 21, the first screening device 27 is located below the separation roller 22, the size of a sieve pore of the first screening device 27 is smaller than the size of a welding strip and larger than the size of a battery piece, a second discharge hole 28 corresponding to the first screening device 27 is formed in the side wall of the first shell 21, and a welding strip recovery device 29 is installed on the outer side of the second discharge hole 28;
the second separation assembly comprises a second shell 31, the second shell 31 is communicated with an outlet of the first screening device 27, a second screening device 32 is installed in the second shell 31, the size of a sieve pore of the second screening device 32 is smaller than that of a battery piece, a third discharge hole 33 corresponding to the second screening device 32 is formed in the side wall of the second shell 31, and a battery piece recovery device 34 is installed outside the third discharge hole 33;
the bottom of the second housing 31 also mounts an ash collection bin 35 which interfaces with the second screen 32.
Before the retired photovoltaic module is recovered, firstly, a junction box on the back of the photovoltaic module is removed, then, a separation and recovery system is started, a heating device 13 is started inside a heat treatment furnace to heat a heating cavity 11 to raise the temperature, when the temperature reaches a preset temperature, the photovoltaic module is placed on a conveyer belt 12, the conveyer belt 12 conveys the photovoltaic module into the heat treatment furnace to be heated, it should be noted that when the photovoltaic module is placed, a toughened glass plate of the photovoltaic module is placed upwards, after the photovoltaic module enters the heat treatment furnace, adhesive glue and the like between photovoltaic module structures are subjected to hot melting through high-temperature heating, so that each structural module is subjected to degumming and separation, and under the conveying of the conveyer belt 12, the heated photovoltaic module is conveyed to a separation roller 22 in a first shell 21;
after the photovoltaic module is conveyed to the separating rollers 22, under the rotation transmission of the separating rollers 22, the toughened glass with larger size is conveyed to the toughened glass and frame receiving platform 26 from the first discharge port 25 under the transmission of the separating rollers 22; the solder strips and the battery pieces with the size smaller than the gap between the separation rollers 22 can fall to the first sieving device 27 below from the gap between the separation rollers 22;
the mesh size of the first sifter 27 is larger than that of the battery pieces and smaller than the welding strip, so that under the sifting action of the first sifter 27, the battery pieces with smaller sizes can fall into the second sifter 32 below, and the welding strip with larger sizes can be sifted by the first sifter 27 and fall into the welding strip recovery device 29 from the second discharge hole 28;
the mesh size of second classifier 32 is less than the size of battery piece, therefore, under the screening effect of second classifier 32, the battery piece can be sieved by second classifier 32, drops in battery piece recovery unit 34 from third discharge gate 33, and impurity such as remaining lime-ash, the lime-ash that can drop at the bottom is collected storehouse 35 and is just retrieved, and then accomplishes whole retired photovoltaic module's recovery process.
Furthermore, a plurality of fins 14 are uniformly distributed on the surface of the conveying belt 12, the distance between the fins 14 is smaller than the length of the photovoltaic module, the width of any one fin 14 is larger than the width of the photovoltaic module, and the height of any one fin 14 is larger than the thickness of the photovoltaic module. Heating the photovoltaic module frame on fin 14, making it be heated more evenly, making things convenient for the separation of coming unstuck between the structure, in this embodiment, fin 14 sets up to stainless steel fin 14, and the quantity of fin 14 sets up to twenty on the conveyer belt 12, and the width of every fin 14 is 1.2 meters, highly is 0.1 meters, and the interval between the fin 14 sets up to 1 meter.
Further, heating device 13 sets up to electric radiation hot plate or gas radiation hot plate, and is a plurality of heating device 13 evenly arranges in conveyer belt 12 top and below. In this embodiment, the number of the heating devices 13 is set to eight, and the heating devices are distributed above and below the conveyor belt 12 to uniformly heat the conveyor belt, so that the heating efficiency is improved.
Furthermore, a heat insulation layer structure 15 is additionally arranged on the inner wall of the heating cavity 11, so that heat dissipation in the heating cavity 11 is prevented, and the constancy of the internal temperature is guaranteed.
Further, the heliciform outer fringe 23 of separation roller 22 sets up to rubber material integrated into one piece structure, and in this embodiment, the heliciform outer fringe 23 on two adjacent separation rollers 22 is opposite in spiral direction, can prevent photovoltaic module off tracking in transportation process, guarantees to its stable conveying.
Further, the first and second sifters 27 and 32 are provided as vibrating sifters or mesh sifters.
Further, heat treatment furnace still is equipped with first exhaust outlet 16, first draught fan 17 is installed to first exhaust outlet 16, will discharge the waste gas that produces in the photovoltaic module heating process.
Further, first casing 21 still is equipped with second exhaust outlet 210, second exhaust outlet 210 installs second draught fan 211, sack cleaner 212 in proper order, discharges the waste gas and the dust in the first casing 21.
Furthermore, flexible curtains 4 are respectively arranged at the feeding hole and the discharging hole of the heat treatment furnace, the first separation component and the second separation component.
Further, the welding strip recovery device 29 and the battery piece recovery device 34 are both set as ultrasonic cleaning tanks, and ultrasonic cleaning is respectively performed while recovery is performed, so that the recovery quality is improved.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and not intended to limit the scope of the present application, and all the equivalent structures or equivalent processes that can be directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields by using the contents of the specification and the drawings of the present application are also included in the scope of the present application.

Claims (10)

1. A retired photovoltaic module separation and recovery system is characterized by comprising a heat treatment furnace, a first separation module and a second separation module;
the heat treatment furnace comprises a heating cavity, wherein a conveying belt for conveying the photovoltaic modules and a plurality of heating devices for heating the photovoltaic modules on the conveying belt are arranged in the heating cavity;
the first separation assembly comprises a first shell, a plurality of separation rollers butted with the conveying belt are installed in the first shell, and the separation rollers are uniformly distributed along the conveying direction of the conveying belt; any one separating roller is provided with a spiral outer edge, the spiral directions of the spiral outer edges of two adjacent separating rollers are opposite, and the outer edge is provided with a tooth-shaped structure; the distance between two adjacent separating rollers is larger than the sizes of the battery piece and the welding strip and smaller than the sizes of the toughened glass and the frame; the first shell is provided with a first discharge hole along the conveying direction of the separation roller, and toughened glass and a frame receiving platform which are in butt joint with the separation roller are arranged outside the first discharge hole;
a first screening device is further installed in the first shell and located below the separation roller, the size of a sieve pore of the first screening device is smaller than that of a welding strip and larger than that of a battery piece, a second discharge hole corresponding to the first screening device is formed in the side wall of the first shell, and a welding strip recovery device is installed on the outer side of the second discharge hole;
the second separation assembly comprises a second shell, the second shell is communicated with an outlet of the first screening device, a second screening device is installed in the second shell, the size of a screen hole of the second screening device is smaller than that of a battery piece, a third discharge hole corresponding to the second screening device is formed in the side wall of the second shell, and a battery piece recovery device is installed on the outer side of the third discharge hole;
and the bottom of the second shell is also provided with an ash collecting bin which is butted with the second screening device.
2. The decommissioned photovoltaic module separation and recovery system of claim 1, wherein a plurality of fins are uniformly arranged on the surface of the conveyor belt, the spacing between the plurality of fins is smaller than the length of the photovoltaic module, the width of any one of the fins is larger than the width of the photovoltaic module, and the height of any one of the fins is larger than the thickness of the photovoltaic module.
3. The decommissioned photovoltaic module separation and recovery system of claim 1, wherein the heating devices are configured as electric radiation heating plates or gas radiation heating plates, and a plurality of the heating devices are uniformly arranged above and below the conveyor belt.
4. The decommissioned photovoltaic module separation and recovery system according to claim 1, wherein an insulating layer structure is further added on the inner wall of the heating cavity.
5. The decommissioned photovoltaic module separation and recovery system of claim 1, wherein the helical outer edge of the separation roller is provided with an integrally formed structure of rubber.
6. The decommissioned photovoltaic module separation and recovery system of claim 1, wherein the first and second screeners are configured as vibrating screeners or mesh screeners.
7. The decommissioned photovoltaic module separation and recovery system of claim 1, wherein the heat treatment furnace is further provided with a first exhaust gas outlet, and the first exhaust gas outlet is provided with a first induced draft fan.
8. The decommissioned photovoltaic module separation and recovery system of claim 1, wherein the first shell is further provided with a second exhaust gas outlet, and the second exhaust gas outlet is sequentially provided with a second induced draft fan and a bag-type dust collector.
9. The decommissioned photovoltaic module separation and recovery system of claim 1, wherein the heat treatment furnace, the feed inlet and the discharge outlet of the first separation module and the second separation module are respectively provided with a flexible curtain.
10. The decommissioned photovoltaic module separation and recovery system of claim 1, wherein the solder strip recovery device and the cell recovery device are both configured as ultrasonic cleaning tanks.
CN202211155608.2A 2022-09-20 2022-09-20 Retired photovoltaic module separation and recovery system Active CN115502189B (en)

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CN115502189B CN115502189B (en) 2024-04-30

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KR20200132236A (en) * 2019-05-16 2020-11-25 한국전력공사 Recycling system of solar cell module and recycling method of solar cell using the same
CN112058871A (en) * 2020-09-03 2020-12-11 河北大学 Apparatus and method for disassembling solar cell module
CN213762736U (en) * 2020-06-10 2021-07-23 时佳 Garbage recycling and classifying device
CN113817486A (en) * 2021-10-21 2021-12-21 深圳星河环境股份有限公司 Pyrolysis furnace for removing industrial waste salt organic matters
KR20220026695A (en) * 2020-08-26 2022-03-07 주식회사 대원지에스아이 Crushing and Recovery System for Dry Recycling of Solar Waste Module
CN216015407U (en) * 2021-10-28 2022-03-11 国家电投集团科学技术研究院有限公司 Photovoltaic module recovery plant
CN216460161U (en) * 2021-12-06 2022-05-10 扬州江昌自动化技术有限公司 Automatic change material sieving mechanism
CN114505329A (en) * 2021-12-30 2022-05-17 中国科学院广州能源研究所 Decommissioning photovoltaic module disassembling method based on low-temperature pyrolysis
CN114769272A (en) * 2022-05-25 2022-07-22 华北电力大学 Pyrolysis recovery device for waste photovoltaic modules

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103495542A (en) * 2013-09-22 2014-01-08 黑龙江八一农垦大学 Grade screening machine for fritillaria ussuriensis maxim
TW201729915A (en) * 2015-11-25 2017-09-01 業特羅回收公司 Automatic component segregator
KR20200132236A (en) * 2019-05-16 2020-11-25 한국전력공사 Recycling system of solar cell module and recycling method of solar cell using the same
CN213762736U (en) * 2020-06-10 2021-07-23 时佳 Garbage recycling and classifying device
CN111790723A (en) * 2020-06-24 2020-10-20 青海黄河上游水电开发有限责任公司光伏产业技术分公司 Recovery method and device of complete glass photovoltaic module
KR20220026695A (en) * 2020-08-26 2022-03-07 주식회사 대원지에스아이 Crushing and Recovery System for Dry Recycling of Solar Waste Module
CN112058871A (en) * 2020-09-03 2020-12-11 河北大学 Apparatus and method for disassembling solar cell module
CN113817486A (en) * 2021-10-21 2021-12-21 深圳星河环境股份有限公司 Pyrolysis furnace for removing industrial waste salt organic matters
CN216015407U (en) * 2021-10-28 2022-03-11 国家电投集团科学技术研究院有限公司 Photovoltaic module recovery plant
CN216460161U (en) * 2021-12-06 2022-05-10 扬州江昌自动化技术有限公司 Automatic change material sieving mechanism
CN114505329A (en) * 2021-12-30 2022-05-17 中国科学院广州能源研究所 Decommissioning photovoltaic module disassembling method based on low-temperature pyrolysis
CN114769272A (en) * 2022-05-25 2022-07-22 华北电力大学 Pyrolysis recovery device for waste photovoltaic modules

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