CN115493572A - Calibration method for waistline in roadway - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a calibration method of a stringcourse in a roadway, which comprises the steps of erecting a measuring instrument at a variable slope point in the roadway, indirectly measuring to obtain that the elevation of the measuring instrument is HB, the elevation of a known stringcourse point K at the variable slope point is HA, and calculating to obtain a first height difference delta H = HA-HB between the top of the measuring instrument and the known stringcourse point K; placing a visual structure at a first placing point E of the side wall surface of the waist line to be marked, measuring a second height difference delta H between the top of the measuring instrument and the top of the visual structure, and setting the slope surface at the first placing point E to be H1; a third height difference between the actual waistline point M at the first placement point E and the top of the measuring instrument is Δ H1=Δh + H1; and taking the compensation amount B at the first placing point E to obtain the actual waistline point M. The method solves the problems that in the prior art, when the lane is used for calibrating the waist line, the calculation is complex, more personnel are needed, and errors are easy to occur.

Description

Calibration method for waist line in roadway

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of mine roadway construction operation, in particular to a method for calibrating a waist line in a roadway.

Background

When the lane waist line of the mine is calibrated, a total station is usually used for calibrating the waist line, and the method commonly adopted in the prior art comprises a pseudo-inclination angle method or a steel ruler measurement distance height difference method for calibrating the lane waist line, but the pseudo-inclination angle method has more difficult formulas and more complex calculation, and the lane left and right sides need to be calibrated simultaneously, so that errors are easy to occur; the steel ruler distance measuring height difference method needs 2 people to use the steel ruler to measure the distance between the waist line points on the roadway sides, the roadway sides have more obstacles and are difficult to measure, errors are easy to cause, and the possible situations of misreading, wrong report and wrong distance pulling exist, so that the paying-off errors are easy to cause.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly aims to provide a calibration method of a waist line in a roadway, which aims to solve the problems that in the prior art, when the waist line is calibrated in the roadway, the calculation is complex, the error is easy to occur, and a plurality of workers are needed.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a calibration method of a waist line in a roadway, which comprises the following steps of erecting a measuring instrument at a variable slope point in the roadway, indirectly measuring to obtain that the elevation of the measuring instrument is HB, and the elevation of a known waist line point K at the variable slope point is HA, and calculating to obtain a first height difference delta H = HA-HB between the top of the measuring instrument and the known waist line point K in the direction from a bottom plate to a top plate of the roadway; placing a visual structure at a first placing point E which is positioned at the downstream of the measuring instrument and on the side wall surface of the lane to be marked with the waist line, and measuring a second height difference delta H between the top of the measuring instrument and the top of the visual structure, wherein the slope surface at the first placing point E is H1; a third height difference between the actual waistline point M at the first placement point E and the top of the measuring instrument is Δ H1=Δh + H1; and taking the compensation amount B at the first placing point E to obtain the actual waistline point M.

Further, the step of setting a compensation amount B according to the difference between Δ h1 and Δ h as the compensation amount of the actual waistline point M, wherein B =Δh1- Δ h, and when Δ h1- Δ h > 0, measuring B upward in a direction toward the ceiling plate at the top of the visible structure to obtain the actual waistline point M at the first placement point E; when Δ h1- Δ h < 0, B is taken down at the top of the visual structure in a direction towards the bottom plate to obtain the actual waistline point M at the first placement point E.

Further, the calibration method further includes placing another visual structure at a second placing point G downstream of the first placing point E, repeating the method for obtaining the actual waistline point M at the first placing point E to obtain the actual waistline point M at the second placing point G, and sequentially connecting the obtained actual waistline points M to form the waistline N.

Furthermore, the gradient of the bottom plate in the roadway is i or-i, and the calculation method of the slope height H1 at the first placement point E comprises the steps of measuring the measuring instrument and the waist line to be markedA distance a between the side wall surfaces of (a) and a foot drop point of (F); measuring the flat distance d between the measuring instrument and the visual structure at the first placing point E; in the same horizontal plane, the straight distance between the foot points F of the first placing point E is calculated according to the pythagorean theorem

The slope height H1 is calculated according to the formula H1= L × i or H1= L × (-i).

Further, indirectly measuring to obtain the elevation HB of the measuring instrument comprises the following steps of knowing that the elevation of a top plate of the roadway is H2, measuring the distance H3 between the top of the measuring instrument and the top plate of the roadway, and calculating to obtain the elevation HB of the measuring instrument according to a formula H2-H3= HB.

Further, two side wall surfaces of the roadway are respectively a left side and a right side, when the slope changing point is a slope rising point, the side wall surface of the to-be-marked waist line is the left side, and when the slope changing point is a slope descending point, the side wall surface of the to-be-marked waist line is the right side.

Further, the elevation HA of the known waistline point K at the grade changing point is the distance between the known waistline point K and the ground level.

Further, the height H2 of the top plate of the roadway is the distance between the top plate and the ground level surface, and the height HB of the measuring instrument is the distance between the top of the measuring instrument and the ground level surface.

Further, the measuring instrument is a total station instrument.

Further, the visual structure is a prism.

By applying the technical scheme of the invention, erecting a measuring instrument at a slope-changing point in a roadway, calculating a first height difference delta H between the top of the measuring instrument and a known waist line point K, when the top of the measuring instrument is higher than the known waist line point K, the value of delta H is a negative number, when the top of the measuring instrument is lower than the known waist line point K, the value of delta H is a positive number, placing a visual structure at a first placing point E of the side wall surface of the waist line to be marked, measuring and calculating a second height difference delta H between the top of the measuring instrument and the top of the visual structure through the measuring instrument, when the top of the measuring instrument is higher than the top of the visual structure, the second height difference delta H is a negative number, when the top of the measuring instrument is higher than the top of the visual structure, the second height difference delta H is a positive number, through delta H + H1-delta H, obtain the first place the distance between the actual stringy line point M of some department with first placing, carry out the demarcation of stringy line according to the final result, whole process, the place of visual structure can be selected in a flexible way, and need not to measure some interval, only need a staff can accomplish whole operations, the unwrapping wire time has been reduced, the measurement of efficiency is improved, through total powerstation range finding, utilize the pythagorean theorem to mark the stringy line fast, the measurement error that appears in the work of demarcating of long distance stringy line in the pit is effectively solved and is accumulated, thereby reduce the bottom lifting amount or the bottom lifting amount of engineering, better improvement work efficiency and reduced the fund waste, can weaken or even eliminate the distance error and can to a great extent improve the engineering quality in the pit.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a method for calibrating a fascia in a roadway according to an alternative embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of the beltline calibration method of FIG. 1 on a left upper in a roadway;

fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of a method for calibrating a downhill fascia in a roadway according to an alternative embodiment of the invention.

Wherein the figures include the following reference numerals:

10. a measuring instrument; 20. a side wall surface; 21. a left upper; 22. a right upper; 30. a visual structure; 40. ground level; 50. a base plate; 60. a top plate.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The invention provides a method for calibrating a waist line in a roadway, which aims to solve the problems that in the prior art, when the waist line is calibrated in the roadway, the calculation is complex, the error is easy to occur, and a plurality of workers are needed.

As shown in fig. 1 to fig. 3, the calibration method for the stringcourse in the roadway includes the steps of erecting a measuring instrument 10 at a slope-changing point in the roadway, indirectly measuring to obtain that the elevation of the measuring instrument 10 is HB, and the elevation of a known stringcourse point K at the slope-changing point is HA, and calculating to obtain a first height difference Δ H = HA-HB between the top of the measuring instrument 10 and the known stringcourse point K in the direction from a bottom plate 50 to a top plate 60 of the roadway; placing a visual structure 30 at a first placing point E of the side wall surface 20 of the lane to be marked at the downstream of the measuring instrument 10, and measuring a second height difference delta H between the top of the measuring instrument 10 and the top of the visual structure 30, wherein the slope surface at the first placing point E is H1; a third height difference between the actual waistline point M at the first placement point E and the top of the measuring instrument 10 is Δ H1=Δh + H1; and taking the compensation amount B at the first placing point E to obtain the actual waistline point M.

By applying the technical scheme of the invention, the measuring instrument 10 is erected at a slope-changing point in a roadway, a first height difference delta H between the top of the measuring instrument 10 and a known waist line point K is calculated, when the top of the measuring instrument 10 is higher than the known waist line point K, the value of delta H is a negative number, when the top of the measuring instrument 10 is lower than the known waist line point K, the value of delta H is a positive number, the visual structure 30 is placed at a first placing point E of a side wall surface 20 of a waist line to be marked, a second height difference delta H between the top of the measuring instrument 10 and the top of the visual structure 30 is measured and calculated by the measuring instrument 10, when the top of the measuring instrument 10 is higher than the top of the visual structure 30, the second height difference delta H is a positive number, the distance between the first placing point and a first placing actual line point M is obtained through delta H + H1-, the effective distance between the first placing point and the first placing point M is increased, the effective capital loss of the whole waist line measurement is reduced, the effective capital loss of the whole working distance measurement is reduced, the whole working distance of the whole waist line measurement is reduced, and the working efficiency of the whole working distance measurement is reduced, and the whole working distance of the whole working station is reduced.

Further, the step of setting a compensation amount B according to the difference between Δ h1 and Δ h as the compensation amount of the actual waistline point M includes the step of setting the compensation amount B, wherein B =Δh1- Δ h, and when Δ h1- Δ h > 0, measuring B upward at the top of the visual structure 30 in a direction toward the top plate 60 to obtain the actual waistline point M at the first placing point E; when Δ h1- Δ h < 0, B is taken down at the top of the visual structure 30 in a direction towards the bottom plate 50 to obtain the actual waistline point M at the first placement point E. In this way, after the compensation amount is calculated, the worker can measure the compensation amount directly from the top of the visual structure 30 according to the obtained data, and the operation is simple, convenient and quick.

Further, the calibration method further includes placing another visual structure 30 at a second placing point G downstream of the first placing point E, repeating the method for obtaining the actual waistline point M at the first placing point E to obtain the actual waistline point M at the second placing point G, and sequentially connecting the obtained actual waistline points M to form the waistline N. Therefore, forward looking point selection is flexible, personnel only need 1 person to select points without measuring the distance between the points, the paying-off time is reduced, the calculation is simple, the measurement efficiency is improved, and all convenience and required accuracy of project setting are met.

Further, the gradient of the bottom plate 50 in the roadway is i or-i, and the calculation method of the slope height H1 at the first placement point E comprises the step of measuring the distance between the measuring instrument 10 and the side wall surface 20 of the waistline to be markeda, and the foot drop point is F; measuring the flat distance d between the measuring instrument 10 and the visual structure 30 at the first placing point E; in the same horizontal plane, the straight distance between the foot points F of the first placing point E is calculated according to the pythagorean theorem

The slope height H1 is calculated according to the formula H1= L × i or H1= L × (-i). Therefore, the straight distance between the A and the B can be directly calculated according to the pythagorean theorem, the slope height H1 can be directly calculated according to the gradient i or-i of the bottom plate 50 in the roadway, the calculation amount is simplified, and the data is more accurate.

Further, indirectly measuring to obtain the elevation HB of the measuring instrument 10 includes the following steps of knowing that the elevation of the top plate 60 of the roadway is H2, measuring the distance H3 between the top of the measuring instrument 10 and the top plate 60 of the roadway, and calculating to obtain the elevation HB of the measuring instrument 10 according to a formula H2-H3= HB. Therefore, the elevation of the measuring instrument 10 can be obtained by directly subtracting the elevation of the top plate 60 of the roadway from the distance between the top of the measuring instrument 10 and the top plate 60 of the roadway, and the data acquisition is simpler and more accurate.

Further, two side wall surfaces 20 of the roadway are respectively a left side wall 21 and a right side wall 22, when the slope change point is the slope rising point, the side wall surface 20 of the to-be-marked waist line is the left side wall 21, and when the slope change point is the slope descending point, the side wall surface 20 of the to-be-marked waist line is the right side wall 22. Therefore, measuring personnel only need to calibrate on one side wall surface of the roadway, and labor cost is reduced.

In the present application, as shown in fig. 2, the slope is denoted by reference numeral P.

Note that, in the present application, the elevation HA of the known waistline point K at the change slope point is the distance between the known waistline point K and the ground level 40. In this way, the ground level 40 is used as a reference surface, so that the data is more accurate.

Further, the height H2 of the top plate 60 of the roadway is the distance between the top plate 60 and the ground level 40, and the height HB of the measuring instrument 10 is the distance between the top of the measuring instrument 10 and the ground level 40. Like this, each data all uses the ground level face as the reference surface, and data are more accurate, are difficult for appearing the condition of measuring the error accumulation to reduce the play end volume or the bedding amount of engineering, better improvement work efficiency with reduced the fund waste, can weaken or even eliminate the distance error and can to a great extent improve the engineering quality in the pit.

It should be noted that, in the present application, the measuring instrument 10 is a total station instrument. Therefore, the parallel distance between the visual structure 30 and the measuring instrument 10 can be directly obtained, so that subsequent accurate calculation is facilitated, and on the other hand, a measuring person can calibrate a plurality of waist line points without moving the measuring instrument 10.

Further, the viewing structure 30 is a prism. Like this, when marking different stringcourse points, accessible directly move the prism and mark for the preceding selection of points is nimble, only needs a staff can accomplish, need not to measure the point interval, has reduced the unwrapping wire time, has improved measurement of efficiency easy and simple to handle, has reduced staff's the operation degree of difficulty and has reduced staff's work load simultaneously.

In the present application, an embodiment of the calibration method for the waist line in the roadway is as follows:

as shown in fig. 3, the slope waist line angle at 3.6 meters of the distance instrument needs to be calibrated: 2.83 degrees, the distance between the ground level surface 40 and the roadway floor is 976.26 meters, each measurement datum is based on the ground level surface 40, and the position of the prism is A.

The method comprises the following steps: the roadway roof 60 has a height of: 979.928 m, the distance between the top of the total station and the roadway roof 60 is as follows: 2.356 meters, the total station height can be calculated as: HB =979.928-2.356=977.572 m;

step two: the distance between the designed waist line and the roadway floor 50 is 1.5 m, and then the height of the waist line is as follows: 976.26+1.5=977.76 m;

measuring the horizontal distance from the total station to the slope change point as follows: HD =3.6 meters, then the height HA of the waist line point at the grade change point can be calculated as: 977.76+3.6 × tan2.83 ° =977.938 m;

step three: the height difference between the waist line point at the variable slope point and the total station is as follows: Δ H = HA-HB =977.938-977.572=0.366 meter;

step four: the distance between the total station and the design right upper 22 is: b =3 meters, the horizontal distance between the total station at the actual measurement variable slope point and the point A is as follows: d =9.611 meters, and the height difference between the prism and the top of the total station is: Δ h =0.015 m, and the distance between the point A and the waist line point is designed as follows:

b = delta h 1-delta h = -0.085-0.015= -0.1 m, the waist line point at A is the measured quantity of 0.1 m of the prism in the direction of the bottom plate 50, and the waist line point at C is obtained by the same method.

According to the process, the whole paying-off process is less than 2 minutes, the paying-off speed is greatly improved, and the waist line paying-off work of the slope engineering can be rapidly and accurately solved.

It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

The relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless it is specifically stated otherwise. Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective portions shown in the drawings are not drawn in an actual proportional relationship for the convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any particular value should be construed as merely illustrative, and not limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be discussed further in subsequent figures.

For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "over 8230," "upper surface," "above," and the like may be used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of one device or feature to other devices or features as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if a device in the figures is turned over, devices described as "above" or "on" other devices or configurations would then be oriented "below" or "under" the other devices or configurations. Thus, the exemplary terms "at 8230; \8230; 'above" may include both orientations "at 8230; \8230;' above 8230; 'at 8230;' below 8230;" above ". The device may be otherwise variously oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.

It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular is intended to include the plural unless the context clearly dictates otherwise, and it should be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.

It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of this application and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the application described herein are capable of operation in other sequences than those illustrated or described herein.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A calibration method for a waist line in a roadway is characterized by comprising the following steps:

erecting a measuring instrument (10) at a slope-changing point in a roadway, indirectly measuring to obtain that the elevation of the measuring instrument (10) is HB, the elevation of a known waist line point K at the slope-changing point is HA, and calculating to obtain a first height difference delta H = HA-HB between the top of the measuring instrument (10) and the known waist line point K in the direction from a bottom plate (50) to a top plate (60) of the roadway;

placing a visual structure (30) at a first placing point E which is located on the side wall surface (20) of the lane to be marked at the downstream of the measuring instrument (10), and measuring a second height difference delta H between the top of the measuring instrument (10) and the top of the visual structure (30), wherein the slope surface height where the first placing point E is located is H1;

a third height difference between the actual waistline point M at the first placement point E and the top of the measuring instrument (10) is Δ H1= =Δh + H1;

and measuring the compensation amount B at the first placing point E to obtain the actual waistline point M according to the difference value between the delta h1 and the delta h as the compensation amount B of the actual waistline point M.

2. The calibration method according to claim 1, wherein the step of compensating the actual waistline point M according to the difference between Δ h1 and Δ h comprises the following steps:

setting a compensation amount B, wherein B = [ Delta ] h1- [ Delta ] h, and when [ Delta ] h1- [ Delta ] h > 0, measuring B upwards in a direction towards the top plate (60) at the top of the visual structure (30) to obtain an actual waist line point M at the first placement point E; when Δ h1- Δ h < 0, B is weighed down at the top of the visual structure (30) in a direction towards the bottom plate (50) to obtain an actual waistline point M at said first placement point E.

3. The calibration method according to claim 1, further comprising:

continuing to place another visual structure (30) at a second placement point G downstream of the first placement point E, and repeating the method of obtaining the actual waistline point M at the first placement point E to obtain the actual waistline point M at the second placement point G, and sequentially connecting the obtained actual waistline points M to form a waistline N.

4. The calibration method according to claim 1, wherein the gradient of the floor (50) in the roadway is i or-i, and the calculation method of the slope height H1 at the first placement point E comprises:

measuring the distance a between the measuring instrument (10) and the side wall surface (20) of the waist line to be marked, wherein the foot hanging point is F;

measuring a flat distance d between the measuring instrument (10) and a visual structure (30) located at the first placement point E;

in the same horizontal plane, the straight distance between the foot points F of the first placing point E is calculated according to the pythagorean theorem

The slope height H1 is calculated according to the formula H1= L × i or H1= L × (-i).

5. Calibration method according to claim 1, wherein indirectly measuring the elevation HB of the measuring instrument (10) comprises the steps of:

knowing that the elevation of the top plate (60) of the roadway is H2, measuring the distance H3 between the top of the measuring instrument (10) and the top plate (60) of the roadway, and calculating the elevation HB of the measuring instrument (10) according to the formula H2-H3= HB.

6. The calibration method according to claim 1, characterized in that two side wall surfaces (20) of the roadway are a left side (21) and a right side (22), respectively, when the slope change point is a slope rising point, the side wall surface (20) of the waist line to be marked is the left side (21), and when the slope change point is a slope descending point, the side wall surface (20) of the waist line to be marked is the right side (22).

7. Calibration method according to claim 1, wherein the elevation HA of the known waistline point K at the grade change point is the distance between the known waistline point K and the ground level (40).

8. Calibration method according to claim 3, characterized in that the elevation H2 of the roof (60) of the roadway is the distance between the roof (60) and the ground level (40), and the elevation HB of the surveying instrument (10) is the distance between the top of the surveying instrument (10) and the ground level (40).

9. Calibration method according to any of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the measuring instrument (10) is a total station.

10. Calibration method according to any of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the visual structure (30) is a prism.

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