CN115493544A - Tolerance distribution method for large-scale rotary equipment of aero-engine based on five-parameter and morphological filtering - Google Patents
Tolerance distribution method for large-scale rotary equipment of aero-engine based on five-parameter and morphological filtering Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/22—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/10—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring diameters
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/22—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
- G01B21/24—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes for testing alignment of axes
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Abstract
The invention discloses a tolerance distribution method for large-scale rotary equipment of an aero-engine based on five-parameter and morphological filtering. The invention relates to the technical field of surface profile measurement; establishing a five-offset error measurement model according to five system errors including an eccentric error, a measuring head deviation error, a measuring head radius error, a measuring head support rod inclination error and an inclination error in the axial direction; and generating axial perpendicularity and radial eccentricity data sets of all stages of rotors of the large-scale high-speed rotation equipment by adopting a Monte Carlo method, rotating the rotating angle of all stages of large-scale high-speed rotation equipment to further obtain the coaxiality parameters of the multi-stage equipment, solving a probability density function according to the drawn distribution function to obtain the probability relation between the axial perpendicularity and radial eccentricity tolerance of all stages of large-scale high-speed rotation equipment and the coaxiality tolerance of the multi-stage equipment, and realizing the distribution of the tolerance of the large-scale high-speed rotation equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of surface profile measurement, in particular to a five-parameter and morphological filtering based tolerance distribution method for large rotary equipment of an aeroengine.
Background
The assembly of the aero-engine mainly relates to the assembly of rotor stacking and the assembly of large-scale rotary equipment, the quality of rotor assembly can obviously affect the overall performance of the engine, and the large-scale rotary equipment which is also a rotary body has great influence on the overall performance of the engine, so that the high-quality assembly of the large-scale rotary equipment and the reasonable distribution of the tolerance of the large-scale rotary equipment are also the basis for ensuring the overall assembly quality of the aero-engine.
Similar to rotor assembly, the coaxiality and the verticality of large-scale rotating equipment are core basic indexes for reflecting the static assembly performance of the large-scale rotating equipment, the engine can generate obvious vibration when running at a high speed due to the out-of-tolerance, the rotor and a casing can be rubbed due to the vibration to a certain degree, and the whole engine is directly abraded and even damaged. Therefore, five system errors are considered during assembly, tolerance distribution is carried out on all parts in the assembly process according to the five system errors, dynamic balance pressure can be reduced to a great extent by means of morphological filtering, and reliability of the engine is greatly improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a tolerance distribution method for large-scale rotary equipment of an aeroengine based on five-parameter and morphological filtering, aiming at overcoming the defects of the prior art.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
A five-parameter and morphology filtering based tolerance distribution method for large rotary equipment of an aircraft engine, comprising the following steps:
step 1: the eccentric error causes the sampling angle to deviate when the cylindrical rotary workpiece is axially measured during measurement, and the actual sampling angle deviation amount is determined;
step 2: in the measuring process, the measuring direction of the sensor cannot coincide with the sampling direction, so that measuring head offset errors of the sensor are caused, and the measuring head offset errors and the offset errors of the sensor are coupled to cause the sampling angle to be offset together, so that the actual sampling angle offset of the sensor is determined;
and step 3: coupling a measuring head radius error into a measuring result, wherein the radius error causes the increase of the perpendicularity measuring value H of the axial profile, and determining the offset of the actual perpendicularity measuring value H' and the offset of the surface run-out value at the actual measuring point;
and 4, step 4: a certain deflection angle exists between the axis of the cylindrical rotary workpiece and the axis of the rotary main shaft, so that the inclination error of the workpiece is coupled in the measurement model, the inclination error causes the deviation of the verticality measurement value of the axial profile, and the deviation of the actual verticality measurement value is determined;
and 5: establishing a five-offset error measurement model according to five system errors including an eccentric error, a measuring head deviation error, a measuring head radius error, a measuring head support rod inclination error and an inclination error in the axial direction;
and 6: and generating axial perpendicularity and radial eccentricity data sets of rotors at all levels of the large-scale high-speed rotation equipment by adopting a Monte Carlo method, rotating the rotating angle of the large-scale high-speed rotation equipment at each level to further obtain the coaxiality parameters of the multi-level equipment, solving a probability density function according to the drawn distribution function to obtain the probability relation between the axial perpendicularity and radial eccentricity tolerance of the large-scale high-speed rotation equipment at all levels and the coaxiality tolerance of the multi-level equipment, and realizing the distribution of the tolerances of the large-scale high-speed rotation equipment.
Preferably, the step 1 specifically comprises:
self assembly face machining error leads to work piece geometric center to be in the nonideal position, and measuring device's gyration main shaft axis and cylindrical gyration type work piece self axis can't adjust to the state of absolute coincidence, and cylindrical gyration type work piece can have eccentric error when measuring, and eccentric error sampling angle takes place the skew when arousing cylindrical gyration type work piece axial measurement when measuring, and the actual sampling angle offset is represented through the following formula:
wherein e is 0 Is the initial eccentricity, alpha is the corresponding eccentricity angle, r 0 Is the fitting radius, θ' i To actually sample the angle, θ i Is an ideal sampling angle.
Preferably, the step 2 specifically comprises:
the unable and sampling direction coincidence of measurement direction of sensor in the measurement process causes the gauge head skew error of sensor, and the coupling of gauge head skew error and the skew error of sensor leads to sampling angle to take place the skew jointly, and actual angle offset is represented through the following formula:
Δη i ＝sin -1 ((m j +p j sin(η ij -α j ))/r 0j )
wherein m is j As probe offset, O 2j For instantaneous centre of revolution, Δ θ, produced by deflection of the feeler ij Is the offset angle of each sampling point of the section.
Preferably, the step 3 specifically comprises:
meanwhile, when the sensor is used for measurement, a measuring point is not a contact point of the measuring head and the surface of the cylindrical profile but a central point of the spherical measuring head of the sensor, so that a measuring head radius error r is coupled into a measuring result, the radius error causes the verticality measurement value H of the axial profile to be higher, and the offset of the actual verticality measurement value H' is represented by the following formula:
ν i ＝H′-H＝r
in measurement, when a spherical measuring head measures a cylindrical profile, a measuring rod is required to deflect by a certain angle
Coupling between the inclination error of the measuring head support rod and the radius error of the measuring head is caused, so that the surface runout delta z at the measuring point is caused i For higher, the surface run-out offset at the actual measurement point is represented by:
preferably, the step 4 specifically includes:
because there is certain machining error in cylindrical work piece bottom surface, will lead to cylindrical gyration type work piece self axis and gyration main shaft axis to have certain declination between, lead to the slope error coupling of work piece in measurement model, this error leads to the axial profile straightness measurement of hanging down to appear the skew, and the actual straightness measurement of hanging down offset is represented through the following formula:
when theta i ' - β | is in the range of 0 to π:
when theta i ' - β | in the range of π to 2 π:
wherein r is 0 The radius is the sampling radius, gamma and beta are respectively the inclination angle of the geometric axis and the included angle between the projection direction of the geometric axis on the measuring plane and the initial measuring direction;
in actual measurement, the sensor automatically compensates errors caused by the measuring head radius, the inclination errors of the measuring head support rod are coupled, the measuring head radius has certain influence on a measuring result, and finally, a verticality measuring model and an actual sampling angle are determined through the following formula:
when theta i ' - β | is in the range of 0 to π:
when theta i ' - β | in the range of π to 2 π:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
preferably, the step 5 specifically comprises:
the method is characterized in that five error parameters shown in the axial direction have influences in the radial direction, namely five system errors including an eccentric error, a measuring head deviation error, a measuring head radius error, a measuring head support rod inclination error and a tilt error, derivation of each error is similar to the axial direction, and a five-offset error measurement model is determined and represented by the following formula:
wherein P is the number of sampling cross sections, the number of sampling points of each cross section is n, P ij Is the measuring point i, O of the cross section j 11 And O 1j The geometric centers of the bottom surface and the section j of the measured piece are respectively O 21 And O 2j The inclination angle of the geometric axis and the inclination angle of the vertical guide rail are gamma and phi respectively;
e j 、α j respectively, the eccentricity and the eccentricity angle of the cross section j, gamma is the above-mentioned tilt error, beta j Fitting the included angle between the major axis direction of the ellipse and the initial measurement direction for the cross section, wherein the minor axis and major axis of the ellipse are r oj And r lj ；d j For the self offset of the sensor measuring head, the inclination errors of the horizontal guide rail and the vertical guide rail are respectively R j-v ＝L j ·tanw·sinτ ij And T j-v ＝z j ·tanφ·sinε ij Causing the measuring head to deflect, resulting in that the measuring line does not pass through the measuring gyration center, but generates an instantaneous gyration center O along with the sampling angle 3j (ii) a Linear component t of vertical guide inclination error in measuring direction j-m ＝z j ·tanφ·cosε ij Will act on the measurement results; when the above errors exist, the stylus radius r affects each error, and also affects the measurement, where O 4j Is the center of the measuring head;
the inclination error of the measuring head supporting rod is adopted;
expanding the formula by power series j +L j tanw sinτ ij +z j tanφsinε ij +e j sin(θ ij -α j ) The seven bias error measurement model obtained by unfolding the parameters and omitting high-order terms is as follows:
preferably, the surface measurement data of the large-scale high-speed rotating equipment needs to be effectively filtered before parameter evaluation, so that the measurement accuracy is improved.
An aeroengine rotor coaxiality stacking device based on a five-offset axial measurement model, the device comprising:
the sampling angle offset acquisition module is used for acquiring the offset of a sampling angle when the eccentric error causes axial measurement of a cylindrical rotary workpiece during measurement, and determining the actual sampling angle offset;
the device comprises a sensor actual sampling angle offset acquisition module, a sensor actual sampling angle offset acquisition module and a data processing module, wherein the sensor actual sampling angle offset acquisition module cannot coincide with the sampling direction in the measurement process, so that a measuring head offset error of the sensor is caused, the measuring head offset error of the sensor is coupled with the offset error, the sampling angle is caused to offset together, and the sensor actual sampling angle offset is determined;
the measuring head radius error is coupled into a measuring result by the run-out value offset acquisition module, the axial profile perpendicularity measuring value H is increased due to the radius error, and the offset of the actual perpendicularity measuring value H' and the surface run-out value offset at the actual measuring point are determined;
the perpendicularity measurement value offset acquisition module is used for acquiring a certain offset angle between the axis of the cylindrical rotary workpiece and the axis of the rotary main shaft, so that the inclination error of the workpiece is coupled in the measurement model, the inclination error causes the deviation of the perpendicularity measurement value of the axial profile, and the actual perpendicularity measurement value offset is determined;
the five-offset error measurement model module is used for establishing a five-offset error measurement model according to five axial error parameters including five system errors including an eccentric error, a measuring head offset error, a measuring head radius error, a measuring head support rod inclination error and an inclination error;
the evaluation module generates axial perpendicularity and radial eccentricity data sets of rotors of all levels of the large-scale high-speed rotation equipment by adopting a Monte Carlo method, rotates the rotating angle of the large-scale high-speed rotation equipment of all levels to further obtain the coaxiality parameters of the multi-level equipment, and calculates a probability density function according to the drawn distribution function to obtain the probability relation between the axial perpendicularity and radial eccentricity tolerance of the large-scale high-speed rotation equipment of all levels and the coaxiality tolerance of the multi-level equipment, so that the distribution of the tolerance of the large-scale high-speed rotation equipment is realized.
A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored which is executable by a processor for implementing, for example, a five-parameter and morphology-based filtering method for tolerance allocation of large rotating equipment for aircraft engines.
A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, the memory having stored therein a computer program that, when executed by the processor, performs a method of filtering aero-engine large turning gear tolerance assignments based on five parameters and morphology.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
aiming at the problem that large-scale rotary equipment cannot be accurately measured due to coupling among five system errors, namely an eccentric error, a measuring head offset error, a measuring head radius error, a measuring head support rod inclination error and a tilt error in a cylindricity measuring device, the invention provides a corresponding five-system error verticality measuring model and assists a morphological filtering method to further improve the measurement accuracy, thereby ensuring the assembly quality of the large-scale rotary equipment
Aiming at the error model, the sampling angle of the error model has the characteristic of uneven distribution, so that the intelligent evaluation method which is more in line with the actual three-dimensional morphology filtering and in line with the coaxiality error definition has important significance for improving the measurement and tolerance distribution of large-scale high-speed rotation equipment.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an eccentricity error;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a stylus deflection error;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a gauge head radius error;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a gauge head strut tilt error;
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of tilt error;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a five parameter error model;
FIG. 7 shows a small-sized stepped shaft coaxiality simulation result;
FIG. 8 shows a large-scale stepped-axis coaxiality simulation result;
FIG. 9 shows a process of tolerance assignment for large rotating equipment based on five-parameter and morphological filtering.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
The present invention is described in detail below with reference to specific examples.
The first embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1 to 9, the specific optimization technical solution adopted to solve the above technical problems of the present invention is: the invention relates to a five-parameter and morphological filtering based tolerance distribution method for large rotary equipment of an aeroengine.
A five-parameter and morphology filtering based tolerance distribution method for large rotary equipment of an aircraft engine, comprising the following steps:
step 1: the eccentric error causes the sampling angle to shift when the cylindrical rotary workpiece is axially measured during measurement, and the actual sampling angle offset is determined;
and 2, step: in the measuring process, the measuring direction of the sensor cannot coincide with the sampling direction, so that measuring head offset errors of the sensor are caused, and the measuring head offset errors and the offset errors of the sensor are coupled to cause the sampling angle to be offset together, so that the actual sampling angle offset of the sensor is determined;
and step 3: coupling a radius error of the measuring head into a measuring result, wherein the radius error causes the increase of the verticality measuring value H of the axial profile, and determining the offset of the actual verticality measuring value H' and the offset of the surface run-out value at the actual measuring point;
and 4, step 4: a certain deflection angle exists between the axis of the cylindrical rotary workpiece and the axis of the rotary main shaft, so that the inclination error of the workpiece is coupled in the measurement model, the inclination error causes the deviation of the verticality measurement value of the axial profile, and the deviation of the actual verticality measurement value is determined;
and 5: establishing a five-bias error measurement model according to five system errors including an eccentric error, a measuring head deviation error, a measuring head radius error, a measuring head support rod inclination error and an inclination error in the axial direction;
step 6: and generating axial perpendicularity and radial eccentricity data sets of rotors at all levels of the large-scale high-speed rotation equipment by adopting a Monte Carlo method, rotating the rotating angle of the large-scale high-speed rotation equipment at each level to further obtain the coaxiality parameters of the multi-level equipment, solving a probability density function according to the drawn distribution function to obtain the probability relation between the axial perpendicularity and radial eccentricity tolerance of the large-scale high-speed rotation equipment at all levels and the coaxiality tolerance of the multi-level equipment, and realizing the distribution of the tolerances of the large-scale high-speed rotation equipment.
The second embodiment is as follows:
the second embodiment of the present application differs from the first embodiment only in that:
the step 1 specifically comprises the following steps:
according to the method, the situation that the geometric center of the workpiece is in a non-ideal position due to the machining error of the self-assembly surface of the revolving body type component during measurement is considered, and meanwhile, the axis of the revolving spindle of the measuring device and the axis of the cylindrical revolving type workpiece cannot be adjusted to be in an absolute coincident state, so that the cylindrical revolving type workpiece has an eccentric error during measurement. As shown in fig. 1, the geometric center of the workpiece is located at a non-ideal position due to a machining error of the self-assembly surface, the axis of the rotary spindle of the measuring device and the axis of the cylindrical rotary workpiece are not adjusted to be in an absolute coincident state, the cylindrical rotary workpiece has an eccentric error during measurement, the eccentric error causes a sampling angle to deviate during axial measurement of the cylindrical rotary workpiece during measurement, and the actual sampling angle deviation is represented by the following formula:
wherein e is 0 Is the initial eccentricity, alpha is the corresponding eccentricity angle, r 0 Is the fitting radius, θ' i To actually sample the angle, θ i Is an ideal sampling angle.
The third concrete embodiment:
the difference between the third embodiment and the second embodiment is only that:
the step 2 specifically comprises the following steps:
in the measuring process, the measuring direction of the sensor cannot coincide with the sampling direction, so that measuring head offset errors of the sensor are caused, as shown in fig. 2, the measuring head offset errors and the offset errors of the sensor are coupled to cause the sampling angle to be offset, and the actual angle offset is represented by the following formula:
Δη i ＝sin -1 ((m j +p j sin(η ij -α j ))/r 0j )
wherein m is j As probe offset, O 2j For instantaneous centre of revolution, Δ θ, produced by deflection of the feeler ij Is the offset angle of each sampling point of the section.
The fourth concrete embodiment:
the difference between the fourth embodiment and the third embodiment is only that:
the step 3 specifically comprises the following steps:
meanwhile, when the sensor is used for measurement, the measuring point is not the contact point of the measuring head and the cylindrical profile surface, but the central point of the spherical measuring head of the sensor, so that the radius error r of the measuring head can be coupled in the measurement result, as shown in fig. 3. The radius error causes the axial profile perpendicularity measurement H to be high, and the offset of the actual perpendicularity measurement H' is represented by:
ν i ＝H′-H＝r
in measurement, when a spherical measuring head measures a cylindrical profile, a measuring rod is required to deflect by a certain angle
Coupling between the inclination error of the measuring head support rod and the radius error of the measuring head is caused, so that the surface runout delta z at the measuring point is caused i Higher (the schematic is shown in fig. 4), the surface run-out value offset at the actual measurement point is represented by the following formula:
the fifth concrete example:
the difference between the fifth embodiment and the fourth embodiment is only that:
the step 4 specifically comprises the following steps:
because a certain processing error exists on the bottom surface of the cylindrical workpiece, a certain deflection angle exists between the axis of the cylindrical rotary workpiece and the axis of the rotary spindle, so that the inclination error of the workpiece is coupled in a measurement model, the error causes the deviation of the verticality measurement value of the axial profile (the schematic diagram is shown in fig. 5), and the actual verticality measurement value deviation is represented by the following formula:
when theta i ' - β | is in the range of 0 to π:
when theta i ' - β | in the range of π to 2 π:
wherein r is 0 The radius is the sampling radius, gamma and beta are respectively the inclination angle of the geometric axis and the included angle between the projection direction of the geometric axis on the measuring plane and the initial measuring direction;
in actual measurement, the sensor automatically compensates errors caused by the measuring head radius, the inclination errors of the measuring head support rod are coupled, the measuring head radius has certain influence on a measuring result, and finally, a verticality measuring model and an actual sampling angle are determined through the following formula:
when theta i ' - β | is in the range of 0 to π:
when theta i ' - β | in the range of π to 2 π:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the sixth specific embodiment:
the difference between the sixth embodiment and the fifth embodiment is only that:
the step 5 specifically comprises the following steps:
the method is characterized in that five error parameters shown in the axial direction have influences in the radial direction, namely five system errors including an eccentric error, a measuring head deviation error, a measuring head radius error, a measuring head support rod inclination error and a tilt error, derivation of each error is similar to the axial direction, and a five-offset error measurement model is determined and represented by the following formula:
wherein P is the number of sampling cross sections, the number of sampling points of each cross section is n, P ij Is the point i, O of section j 11 And O 1j The geometric centers of the bottom surface and the section j of the measured piece are respectively O 21 And O 2j The inclination angle of the geometric axis and the inclination angle of the vertical guide rail are gamma and phi respectively;
e j 、α j respectively, the eccentricity and the eccentricity angle of the cross section j, gamma is the above-mentioned tilt error, beta j Fitting the included angle between the major axis direction of the ellipse and the initial measurement direction for the cross section, wherein the minor axis and the major axis of the ellipse are r oj And r lj ；d j For the self offset of the sensor measuring head, the inclination errors of the horizontal guide rail and the vertical guide rail are respectively R j-v ＝L j ·tanw·sinτ ij And T j-v ＝z j ·tanφ·sinε ij Causing deflection of the stylus, resulting in a measurement line not passing through the measurement rotation center, but producing an instantaneous rotation center O with the sampling angle 3j (ii) a Linear component t of vertical guide inclination error in measuring direction j-m ＝z j ·tanφ·cosε ij Will act on the measurement results; when the above errors exist, the gauge head radius r affects each error, and also affects the measurement, where O 4j Is the center of the measuring head;
the inclination error of the measuring head supporting rod is measured;
expanding the above formula by power series, and d j +L j tanw sinτ ij +z j tanφsinε ij +e j sin(θ ij -α j ) To unfold the ginsengCounting, and omitting high-order terms, the obtained seven-offset error measurement model is as follows:
the seventh specific embodiment:
the seventh embodiment of the present application differs from the sixth embodiment only in that:
the step 6 specifically comprises the following steps:
10000 groups of axial verticality and radial eccentricity data sets of rotors at all levels of large-scale high-speed rotation equipment are generated by applying a Monte Carlo method, the rotation angle of the large-scale high-speed rotation equipment at all levels is rotated, 10000 groups of coaxiality parameters of multi-level equipment are further obtained, a probability density function is worked out according to a drawn distribution function, the probability relation between the axial verticality and the radial eccentricity tolerance of the large-scale high-speed rotation equipment at all levels and the coaxiality tolerance of the multi-level equipment is obtained, and the distribution of the tolerance of the large-scale high-speed rotation equipment is realized.
The surface measurement data of the large-sized high-speed rotation equipment needs to be effectively filtered before parameter evaluation, so that the measurement precision can be further improved. Compared with the midline filtering, the enveloping filtering such as the morphological filtering carries out the filtering from the aspect of functions, and can simulate the matching condition of the contact surface when the low-pressure turbine shaft is assembled. Most of researches on morphological filters by scholars at home and abroad are focused on two-dimensional profiles, and the influence of the existence of measurement system errors on the real sampling angle distribution is not considered.
Aiming at the error model, the sampling angle of the error model has the characteristic of uneven distribution, so that the intelligent evaluation method which is more in line with the actual three-dimensional morphology filtering and in line with the coaxiality error definition has important significance for improving the measurement and tolerance distribution of large-scale high-speed rotation equipment.
The surface measurement data of the large-scale high-speed rotation equipment needs to be effectively filtered before parameter evaluation, so that the measurement precision is improved.
The eighth specific embodiment:
the eighth embodiment of the present application differs from the seventh embodiment only in that:
the invention provides an aeroengine rotor coaxiality stacking device based on a five-offset axial measurement model, which comprises:
the sampling angle offset acquisition module is used for determining the actual sampling angle offset when the sampling angle is offset when the eccentric error causes the axial measurement of the cylindrical rotary workpiece during the measurement;
the device comprises a sensor actual sampling angle offset acquisition module, a sensor actual sampling angle offset acquisition module and a data processing module, wherein the sensor actual sampling angle offset acquisition module cannot coincide with the sampling direction in the measurement process, so that a measuring head offset error of the sensor is caused, the measuring head offset error of the sensor is coupled with the offset error, the sampling angle is caused to offset together, and the sensor actual sampling angle offset is determined;
the measuring head radius error is coupled into a measuring result by the run-out value offset acquisition module, the axial profile perpendicularity measuring value H is increased due to the radius error, and the offset of the actual perpendicularity measuring value H' and the surface run-out value offset at the actual measuring point are determined;
the perpendicularity measurement value offset acquisition module is used for acquiring a certain offset angle between the axis of a cylindrical rotary workpiece and the axis of a rotary main shaft, so that the inclination error of the workpiece is coupled in a measurement model, the inclination error causes the deviation of the perpendicularity measurement value of an axial profile, and the actual perpendicularity measurement value offset is determined;
the five-offset error measurement model module is used for establishing a five-offset error measurement model according to five axial error parameters including five system errors including an eccentric error, a measuring head offset error, a measuring head radius error, a measuring head support rod inclination error and an inclination error;
and the evaluation module generates axial perpendicularity and radial eccentricity data sets of the rotors at all levels of the large-scale high-speed rotation equipment by adopting a Monte Carlo method, rotates the rotation angle of the large-scale high-speed rotation equipment at all levels to further obtain the coaxiality parameters of the multi-level equipment, and calculates a probability density function according to the drawn distribution function to obtain the probability relation between the axial perpendicularity and radial eccentricity tolerance of the large-scale high-speed rotation equipment at all levels and the coaxiality tolerance of the multi-level equipment, so that the distribution of the tolerance of the large-scale high-speed rotation equipment is realized. The specific embodiment is nine:
the ninth embodiment of the present application differs from the eighth embodiment only in that:
the present invention provides a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program for execution by a processor for implementing a five parameter and morphology based filtering aircraft engine large rotating equipment tolerance assignment method.
The specific embodiment ten:
the difference between the tenth embodiment and the ninth embodiment is only that:
the invention provides a computer device which comprises a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the processor runs the computer program stored by the memory, the processor executes a tolerance distribution method based on five-parameter and morphology filtering of large-scale rotary equipment of an aeroengine.
The first specific embodiment:
the eleventh embodiment of the present application differs from the tenth embodiment only in that:
the verticality measurement model and the actual sampling angle are respectively
Aiming at the model provided by the text, 10000 groups of data groups of axial perpendicularity and radial eccentricity of rotors of various levels of large-scale high-speed rotation equipment can be generated according to a Monte Carlo method, the rotation angle of the large-scale high-speed rotation equipment of various levels is rotated, further the coaxiality parameters of the 10000 groups of multi-level equipment are obtained, a probability density function is worked out according to the drawn distribution function, the probability relation between the axial perpendicularity and radial eccentricity tolerance of the large-scale high-speed rotation equipment of various levels and the coaxiality tolerance of the multi-level equipment is obtained, and the distribution of the tolerance of the large-scale high-speed rotation equipment is realized.
The five-parameter model downsampling angle distribution condition can be analyzed to give a real sampling angle distribution function, and then a morphological filter based on non-equal-interval sampling angles can be designed through the median line and envelope filtering technology, so that the filtering error can be reduced to a certain extent, and the filtering precision of the circular contour of large-scale rotary equipment is improved.
The effectiveness of the non-equidistant three-dimensional morphological filter is analyzed, and the data of the surface profile of the stepped shaft sampled at equal intervals and non-equal intervals are respectively adopted to process by adopting the morphological filter model provided by the invention. When the alpha ball in the morphological filtering rolls on the inner surface of the stepped shaft, the radius of the alpha ball is smaller than that of the contour, and the radius of the alpha ball is respectively selected from 59.5mm, 39.5mm, 29.5mm and 19.5mm for the large stepped shaft and the small stepped shaft. The coaxiality simulation results obtained under the conditions of equal-interval filtering and unequal-interval filtering respectively under different error magnitudes are shown in fig. 7 and 8.
Note: the theoretical value of the coaxiality error of the large and small stepped shafts is 2.29 mu m.
the morphological filter can smooth the contour data and filter out noise. According to simulation results, when the error magnitude is smaller than 1, the accuracy of the three-dimensional morphological filtering of equal intervals and unequal intervals of the stepped shafts with different sizes is basically consistent. When the magnitude of error is increased, the coaxiality error obtained after the processing of the two filtering methods is gradually increased, compared with equal-interval filtering, the measurement accuracy of the coaxiality of the stepped shafts with different sizes obtained after the filtering of the unequal-interval morphology is gradually improved, for example, when the magnitude of error is 5, the coaxiality accuracy of the stepped shafts with large and small sizes is respectively improved by 2.34 micrometers and 2.07 micrometers, and the effectiveness of the unequal-interval three-dimensional morphology filter for large offset errors is proved.
Aiming at the problem that the large-scale rotating equipment cannot be accurately measured due to coupling of five system errors, namely an eccentric error, a measuring head offset error, a measuring head radius error, a measuring head support rod inclination error and an inclination error in a cylindricity measuring device, the invention provides a corresponding five-system error verticality measuring model and assists a morphological filtering method to further improve the measuring accuracy, so that the assembling quality of the large-scale rotating equipment is ensured, and the distribution flow is shown in figure 9.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or N embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "N" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise. Any process or method descriptions in flow charts or otherwise described herein may be understood as representing modules, segments, or portions of code which include one or more N executable instructions for implementing steps of a custom logic function or process, and alternate implementations are included within the scope of the preferred embodiment of the present invention in which functions may be executed out of order from that shown or discussed, including substantially concurrently or in reverse order, depending on the functionality involved, as would be understood by those reasonably skilled in the art of the embodiments of the present invention. The logic and/or steps represented in the flowcharts or otherwise described herein, such as an ordered listing of executable instructions that can be considered to implement logical functions, can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device, such as a computer-based system, processor-containing system, or other system that can fetch the instructions from the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device and execute the instructions. For the purposes of this description, a "computer-readable medium" can be any means that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transport the program for use by or in connection with the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the computer-readable medium would include the following: an electrical connection (electronic device) having one or N wires, a portable computer diskette (magnetic device), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber device, and a portable compact disc read-only memory (CDROM). Further, the computer-readable medium could even be paper or another suitable medium upon which the program is printed, as the program can be electronically captured, via for instance optical scanning of the paper or other medium, then compiled, interpreted or otherwise processed in a suitable manner if necessary, and then stored in a computer memory. It should be understood that portions of the present invention may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, the N steps or methods may be implemented in software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. If implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, any one or combination of the following techniques, which are well known in the art, may be used: a discrete logic circuit having a logic gate circuit for implementing a logic function on a data signal, an application specific integrated circuit having an appropriate combinational logic gate circuit, a Programmable Gate Array (PGA), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), or the like.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the steps carried by the method for implementing the above embodiments may be implemented by hardware related to instructions of a program, which may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, and when the program is executed, the program includes one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiments. In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into one processing module, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one module. The integrated module can be realized in a hardware mode, and can also be realized in a software functional module mode. The integrated module, if implemented in the form of a software functional module and sold or used as a separate product, may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the tolerance allocation method for the large-scale rotating equipment of the aircraft engine based on the five-parameter and morphological filtering, and the protection range of the tolerance allocation method for the large-scale rotating equipment of the aircraft engine based on the five-parameter and morphological filtering is not limited to the above embodiments, and all technical solutions belonging to the idea belong to the protection range of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and variations which do not depart from the gist of the invention will be those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains and which are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A five-parameter and morphology filtering based tolerance distribution method for large-scale rotary equipment of an aeroengine is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: the eccentric error causes the sampling angle to deviate when the cylindrical rotary workpiece is axially measured during measurement, and the actual sampling angle deviation amount is determined;
and 2, step: in the measuring process, the measuring direction of the sensor cannot coincide with the sampling direction, so that measuring head offset errors of the sensor are caused, and the measuring head offset errors and the offset errors of the sensor are coupled to cause the sampling angle to be offset together, so that the actual sampling angle offset of the sensor is determined;
and 3, step 3: coupling a radius error of the measuring head into a measuring result, wherein the radius error causes the increase of the verticality measuring value H of the axial profile, and determining the offset of the actual verticality measuring value H' and the offset of the surface run-out value at the actual measuring point;
and 4, step 4: a certain deflection angle exists between the axis of the cylindrical rotary workpiece and the axis of the rotary main shaft, so that the inclination error of the workpiece is coupled in the measurement model, the inclination error causes the deviation of the verticality measurement value of the axial profile, and the deviation of the actual verticality measurement value is determined;
and 5: establishing a five-bias error measurement model according to five system errors including an eccentric error, a measuring head deviation error, a measuring head radius error, a measuring head support rod inclination error and an inclination error in the axial direction;
step 6: and generating axial perpendicularity and radial eccentricity data sets of all stages of rotors of the large-scale high-speed rotation equipment by adopting a Monte Carlo method, rotating the rotating angle of all stages of large-scale high-speed rotation equipment to further obtain the coaxiality parameters of the multi-stage equipment, solving a probability density function according to the drawn distribution function to obtain the probability relation between the axial perpendicularity and radial eccentricity tolerance of all stages of large-scale high-speed rotation equipment and the coaxiality tolerance of the multi-stage equipment, and realizing the distribution of the tolerance of the large-scale high-speed rotation equipment.
2. The method for distributing the tolerance of the large-scale rotary equipment of the aero-engine based on the five-parameter and morphological filtering as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the step 1 specifically comprises the following steps:
self assembly face machining error leads to work piece geometric center to be in the nonideal position, and measuring device's gyration main shaft axis and cylindrical gyration type work piece self axis can't adjust to the state of absolute coincidence, and cylindrical gyration type work piece can have eccentric error when measuring, and eccentric error sampling angle takes place the skew when arousing cylindrical gyration type work piece axial measurement when measuring, and the actual sampling angle offset is represented through the following formula:
wherein e is 0 Is the initial eccentricity, alpha is the corresponding eccentricity angle, r 0 Is the fitting radius, θ' i To actually sample the angle, θ i Is an ideal sampling angle.
3. The method for distributing the tolerance of the large-scale rotary equipment of the aero-engine based on the five-parameter and morphological filtering as claimed in claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the step 2 specifically comprises the following steps:
the unable and sampling direction coincidence of measurement direction of sensor in the measurement process causes the gauge head skew error of sensor, and the coupling of gauge head skew error and the skew error of sensor leads to sampling angle to take place the skew jointly, and actual angle offset is represented through the following formula:
Δη i ＝sin -1 ((m j +p j sin(η ij -α j ))/r 0j )
wherein m is j As probe offset, O 2j For instantaneous centre of revolution, Δ θ, produced by deflection of the feeler ij Is the offset angle of each sampling point of the section.
4. The method for distributing the tolerance of the large-scale rotary equipment of the aero-engine based on the five-parameter and morphological filtering as claimed in claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the step 3 specifically comprises the following steps:
meanwhile, when the sensor is used for measurement, a measuring point is not a contact point of the measuring head and the surface of the cylindrical profile but a central point of the spherical measuring head of the sensor, so that a measuring head radius error r is coupled into a measuring result, the radius error causes the verticality measurement value H of the axial profile to be higher, and the offset of the actual verticality measurement value H' is represented by the following formula:
v i ＝H′-H＝r
in measurement, when a spherical measuring head measures a cylindrical profile, a measuring rod is required to deflect by a certain angle
Coupling between the inclination error of the measuring head support rod and the radius error of the measuring head is caused, so that the surface runout delta z at the measuring point is caused i For higher, the surface run-out offset at the actual measurement point is expressed by the following equation:
5. the method for distributing the tolerance of the large-scale rotary equipment of the aero-engine based on the five-parameter and morphological filtering as claimed in claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the step 4 specifically comprises the following steps:
because there is certain machining error in cylindrical work piece bottom surface, will lead to cylindrical gyration type work piece self axis and gyration main shaft axis to have certain declination between, lead to the slope error coupling of work piece in measurement model, this error leads to the axial profile straightness measurement of hanging down to appear the skew, and the actual straightness measurement of hanging down offset is represented through the following formula:
when theta i ' - β | is in the range of 0 to π:
when theta i ' - β | in the range of π to 2 π:
wherein r is 0 The radius is the sampling radius, gamma and beta are respectively the inclination angle of the geometric axis and the included angle between the projection direction of the geometric axis on the measuring plane and the initial measuring direction;
in actual measurement, the sensor automatically compensates errors caused by the measuring head radius, the inclination errors of the measuring head support rod are coupled, the measuring head radius has certain influence on a measuring result, and finally, the verticality measurement model and the actual sampling angle are determined by the following formula:
when theta i ' - β | is in the range of 0 to π:
when theta i ' - β | in the range of π to 2 π:
wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
6. the method for distributing the tolerance of the large-scale rotary equipment of the aero-engine based on the five-parameter and morphological filtering as claimed in claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the step 5 specifically comprises the following steps:
the method is characterized in that five error parameters shown in the axial direction have influences in the radial direction, namely five system errors including an eccentric error, a measuring head deviation error, a measuring head radius error, a measuring head support rod inclination error and a tilt error, derivation of each error is similar to the axial direction, and a five-offset error measurement model is determined and represented by the following formula:
wherein P is the number of sampling cross sections, the number of sampling points of each cross section is n, P ij Is the point i, O of section j 11 And O 1j The geometric centers of the bottom surface and the section j of the measured piece are respectively O 21 And O 2j The inclination angle of the geometric axis and the inclination angle of the vertical guide rail are gamma and phi respectively;
e j 、α j respectively, the eccentricity and the eccentricity angle of the cross section j, gamma is the above-mentioned tilt error, beta j Fitting the included angle between the major axis direction of the ellipse and the initial measurement direction for the cross section, wherein the minor axis and the major axis of the ellipse are r oj And r lj ；d j For the self offset of the sensor measuring head, the inclination errors of the horizontal guide rail and the vertical guide rail are respectively R j-v ＝L j ·tanw·sinτ ij And T j-v ＝z j ·tanφ·sinε ij Causes deflection of the stylus, resulting in a measurement line that is not straightBy measuring centre of revolution, but producing instantaneous centre of revolution O as a function of sampling angle 3j (ii) a Linear component t of vertical guide inclination error in measuring direction j-m ＝z j ·tanφ·cosε ij Will act on the measurement results; when the above errors exist, the gauge head radius r affects each error, and also affects the measurement, where O 4j Is the center of the measuring head;
the inclination error of the measuring head supporting rod is adopted;
expanding the above formula by power series to obtain
The seven bias error measurement model obtained by unfolding the parameters and omitting high-order terms is as follows:
7. the method for distributing the tolerance of the large-scale rotary equipment of the aero-engine based on the five-parameter and morphological filtering as claimed in claim 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the surface measurement data of the large-scale high-speed rotation equipment needs to be effectively filtered before parameter evaluation, so that the measurement precision is improved.
8. The utility model provides an aeroengine rotor axiality piles up device based on five offset axial measurement models which characterized by: the device comprises:
the sampling angle offset acquisition module is used for determining the actual sampling angle offset when the sampling angle is offset when the eccentric error causes the axial measurement of the cylindrical rotary workpiece during the measurement;
the device comprises a sensor actual sampling angle offset acquisition module, a sensor actual sampling angle offset acquisition module and a data processing module, wherein the sensor actual sampling angle offset acquisition module cannot coincide with the sampling direction in the measurement process, so that a measuring head offset error of the sensor is caused, the measuring head offset error of the sensor is coupled with the offset error, the sampling angle is caused to offset together, and the sensor actual sampling angle offset is determined;
the measuring head radius error is coupled into a measuring result by the run-out value offset acquisition module, the axial profile perpendicularity measuring value H is increased due to the radius error, and the offset of an actual perpendicularity measuring value H' and the surface run-out value offset at an actual measuring point are determined;
the perpendicularity measurement value offset acquisition module is used for acquiring a certain offset angle between the axis of the cylindrical rotary workpiece and the axis of the rotary main shaft, so that the inclination error of the workpiece is coupled in the measurement model, the inclination error causes the deviation of the perpendicularity measurement value of the axial profile, and the actual perpendicularity measurement value offset is determined;
the five-offset error measurement model module is used for establishing a five-offset error measurement model according to five axial error parameters including five system errors including an eccentric error, a measuring head offset error, a measuring head radius error, a measuring head support rod inclination error and an inclination error;
the evaluation module generates axial perpendicularity and radial eccentricity data sets of rotors of all levels of the large-scale high-speed rotation equipment by adopting a Monte Carlo method, rotates the rotating angle of the large-scale high-speed rotation equipment of all levels to further obtain the coaxiality parameters of the multi-level equipment, and calculates a probability density function according to the drawn distribution function to obtain the probability relation between the axial perpendicularity and radial eccentricity tolerance of the large-scale high-speed rotation equipment of all levels and the coaxiality tolerance of the multi-level equipment, so that the distribution of the tolerance of the large-scale high-speed rotation equipment is realized.
9. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which program is executed by a processor for implementing a five-parameter and morphology filter based aero-engine large rotary equipment tolerance distribution method as claimed in claims 1-7.
10. A computer arrangement comprising a memory and a processor, the memory having a computer program stored therein, the processor when executing the computer program stored in the memory performing a five parameter and morphology based filtering aircraft engine large rotating equipment tolerance assignment method as claimed in claims 1-7.
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