CN115480040A - Gas hydrate reservoir microorganism reinforcement mining model test device and test method - Google Patents
Gas hydrate reservoir microorganism reinforcement mining model test device and test method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a testing device and a testing method for a microorganism reinforced exploitation model of a gas hydrate reservoir. The gas hydrate reservoir microorganism reinforcing exploitation model test device comprises a reaction kettle, an injection control system, a seawater supply system, a gas supply system, a microorganism supply system, a cementing solution supply system, a sensor assembly and a hydrate exploitation system; the sensor assembly is used for acquiring the temperature, pressure, water content, hydrate saturation, deformation, strength and distribution of mineral components of the hydrate reservoir in the reinforcing-decomposing process. The technical scheme of the invention provides a test device capable of observing the seepage field, the temperature field, the deformation field, the hydrate and mineral content distribution evolution rule of a hydrate reservoir in the process of reinforcing the natural gas hydrate reservoir by microorganisms and extracting the natural gas hydrate reservoir in real time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of energy natural gas hydrate development, in particular to a testing device and a testing method for a microorganism reinforced exploitation model of a gas hydrate reservoir.
Background
The natural gas hydrate is a novel energy source which is efficient, clean and huge in reserve, and the shortage of resources such as petroleum and natural gas can be relieved to a great extent by the development of the natural gas hydrate. The hydrate-containing sediment is composed of gas, rock-soil skeleton, water and solid hydrate through a complex mechanism, and the mechanical mechanism of the hydrate-containing sediment also becomes very complex in the phase change process of hydrate decomposition. In the process of exploiting the hydrate, the strength of the hydrate deposit is reduced, so that a shaft, a wellhead, a pipeline facility and an offshore platform buried in the deposit are easy to lose stability, and even large-area submarine stratum settlement, submarine landslide and other geological disasters occur. In order to realize safe and efficient exploitation of hydrate reservoirs, it is necessary to perform reinforcement and modification on hydrate-containing reservoirs so as to improve the strength and stability of the hydrate-containing reservoirs.
In recent years, in the field of geotechnical engineering, microbial induced calcium carbonate deposition (MICP) microbial technology is applied to soft soil foundation reinforcement, slope treatment and prevention of sandy soil liquefaction as a novel green and environment-friendly technology. However, few test devices are used for reinforcing the natural gas hydrate reservoir through microorganisms and evaluating the mechanical properties of the reservoir, and the existing devices cannot observe the distribution and evolution rules of a reservoir pressure field, a temperature field, a deformation field, hydrate saturation, mechanical strength and mineral content in the process of reinforcing and exploiting the natural gas hydrate reservoir through the microorganisms in real time.
Therefore, in order to better research the influence law of the microbial consolidation production process on the physical property parameters of the hydrate reservoir model and the influence of the microbial consolidation production process on the hydrate reservoir model, a test device capable of observing the seepage field, the temperature field, the deformation field, the hydrate and mineral content distribution evolution law of the hydrate reservoir in the microbial consolidation natural gas hydrate reservoir process in real time is urgently needed to be provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a gas hydrate reservoir microorganism reinforcement exploitation model test device, and aims to provide a test device capable of observing the seepage field, the temperature field, the deformation field, the hydrate and mineral content distribution evolution rule of a hydrate reservoir in a microorganism reinforcement natural gas hydrate reservoir and an exploitation process in real time.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a gas hydrate reservoir microorganism reinforced exploitation model test device, which comprises:
the reaction kettle is internally provided with a reaction cavity, the reaction cavity is used for placing test sand, and a shaft is detachably arranged in the reaction cavity and is communicated with the shaft;
an injection control system in communication with the reaction chamber;
the outlet of the seawater supply system is communicated with the reaction cavity through the injection control system so as to add artificial seawater into the reaction cavity;
the gas outlet of the gas supply system is communicated with the reaction cavity through the injection control system so as to add methane or carbon dioxide gas into the reaction cavity;
the outlet of the microorganism supplying system is communicated with the reaction cavity through the injection control system so as to add bacteria liquid into the reaction cavity;
the outlet of the cementing liquid supply system is communicated with the reaction cavity through the injection control system so as to add cementing liquid into the reaction cavity;
a hydrate production system coupled to the wellbore for reducing pressure within the reaction chamber to facilitate hydrate decomposition within the reaction chamber;
the sensor assembly is arranged in the reaction kettle and used for acquiring the temperature, pressure, water content, hydrate saturation, deformation, strength and distribution of mineral components of the hydrate reservoir in the reinforcement-decomposition process.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the sensor assembly includes:
the pressure stabilizing system is provided with a pressure sensor, and the pressure sensor is arranged in the reaction kettle and used for measuring the pressure in the reaction cavity in real time;
the temperature control system is provided with a temperature sensor, and the temperature sensor is arranged in the reaction kettle and used for measuring the temperature in the reaction cavity in real time;
the shear wave velocity measurement system is used for monitoring the sediment intensity of the hydrate reservoir in the reaction cavity in real time;
the time domain reflection measurement system is used for monitoring the saturation of the hydrate reservoir in the reaction cavity in real time;
and the displacement monitoring system is arranged above the reaction kettle and is used for monitoring the displacement change of the hydrate reservoir in the reaction cavity in real time.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the time domain reflectometry system has a plurality of time domain reflectometry probes, and the plurality of time domain reflectometry probes are distributed at intervals along an axial direction of the reaction vessel.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the time domain reflection probe includes a time domain reflection transmitter and a time domain reflection receiver, and in the same time domain reflection probe, the time domain reflection transmitter and the time domain reflection receiver are located on the same horizontal plane, and a connection line between the time domain reflection transmitter and the time domain reflection receiver does not pass through an axis of the reaction kettle.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the shear wave velocity measurement system has a plurality of shear wave velocity probes, and the plurality of shear wave velocity probes are distributed at intervals along the axial direction of the reaction vessel.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the shear wave velocity probe includes a shear wave transmitter and a shear wave receiver, and in the same shear wave velocity probe, the shear wave transmitter and the shear wave receiver are located on the same horizontal plane, and a connection line between the shear wave transmitter and the shear wave receiver does not pass through an axis of the reaction kettle.
In an embodiment of the present invention, each of the pressure sensors and/or the temperature sensors is provided with a plurality of pressure sensors and/or a plurality of temperature sensors, and the plurality of pressure sensors and/or the plurality of temperature sensors are distributed at intervals along an axial direction of the reaction kettle.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the pressure stabilizing system further includes a constant temperature device, and the constant temperature device uses absolute ethyl alcohol as a circulation medium, and is configured to regulate and control the temperature in the reaction chamber.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the thermostat device includes:
the reaction kettle is arranged in the installation cavity, a circulating refrigeration space is formed between the outer surface of the reaction kettle and the wall of the installation cavity and used for inputting absolute ethyl alcohol, and the shell is also provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet which are communicated with the circulating refrigeration space;
the temperature controller is arranged outside the shell and is provided with a temperature control chamber;
the outlet and the inlet of the liquid inlet pipe are respectively communicated with the liquid inlet and the temperature control chamber; and
and the inlet and the outlet of the liquid outlet pipe are respectively communicated with the liquid outlet and the temperature control chamber.
The invention also provides a test method based on the gas hydrate reservoir microorganism reinforced exploitation model test device, which comprises the following steps:
filling test sandy soil into a reaction cavity, compacting and sealing, injecting artificial seawater into the reaction cavity until the artificial seawater is saturated, and adjusting the temperature and the pressure in a reaction kettle to preset temperature and pressure;
adding methane or carbon dioxide gas into the reaction cavity to obtain a hydrate reservoir;
injecting bacterial liquid into the reaction cavity;
injecting cementing liquid into the reaction cavity for multiple times to enable the bacterial liquid in the reaction cavity to react with the cementing liquid, so that the hydrate reservoir stratum is reinforced;
reducing the pressure in the reaction kettle through the hydrate mining system to decompose a hydrate reservoir in the reaction kettle;
and acquiring the temperature, pressure, water content, hydrate saturation, deformation, strength and distribution of mineral components of the hydrate reservoir in the reinforcing-decomposing process.
The invention relates to a gas hydrate reservoir microorganism reinforcing mining model test device, which can firstly add test sand into a reaction cavity of a reaction kettle, respectively add artificial seawater and methane or carbon dioxide gas into the reaction cavity through a seawater supply system and a gas supply system, and simultaneously adjust the pressure and the temperature to approximate conditions of a marine reservoir to form an initial seabed hydrate reservoir model; and then respectively adding bacterial liquid and cementing liquid into the reaction cavity through a microorganism supplying system and a cementing liquid supplying system so as to reinforce the hydrate reservoir stratum in the reaction cavity, and then performing hydrate depressurization decomposition on the hydrate reservoir stratum by using a hydrate exploitation system. In the process, the distribution of the temperature, the pressure, the water content, the hydrate saturation, the deformation, the strength and the mineral components of the hydrate reservoir in the reinforcing-decomposing process can be obtained through sensor components (such as a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, a shear wave velocity measuring system, a time domain reflection measuring system, a displacement monitoring system and the like), namely, the seepage field, the temperature field, the deformation field, the hydrate and the mineral content distribution evolution rule of the hydrate reservoir can be obtained and observed in real time, so that the mechanical mechanism and the yield change rule in the reinforcing and exploiting processes of the hydrate are researched, the potential geological disaster is further prevented, and the safe and efficient exploitation of the hydrate is realized.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments or technical solutions of the present invention, the drawings used in the embodiments or technical solutions of the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the structures shown in the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a gas hydrate reservoir microorganism-enhanced production model testing apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic partial structural view of an embodiment of a gas hydrate reservoir microorganism-enhanced production model testing apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 isbase:Sub>A cross-sectional view taken at A-A of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a top view of a top end cap in an embodiment of a gas hydrate reservoir microorganism-enhanced production model testing apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flowchart of an embodiment of a testing method of the testing apparatus for a gas hydrate reservoir microorganism-consolidated production model according to the present invention.
The reference numbers illustrate:
the implementation, functional features and advantages of the objects of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that, if directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, and back … …) are involved in the embodiment of the present invention, the directional indications are only used to explain the relative position relationship between the components, the motion situation, and the like in a specific posture (as shown in the drawing), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indications are changed accordingly.
In addition, if there is a description of "first", "second", etc. in an embodiment of the present invention, the description of "first", "second", etc. is for descriptive purposes only and is not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, technical solutions between various embodiments may be combined with each other, but must be realized by a person skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a testing device 100 for a microbial consolidation production model of a gas hydrate reservoir, and aims to provide a testing device which can be used for observing the seepage field, the temperature field, the deformation field, the hydrate and mineral content distribution evolution rule of the hydrate reservoir in real time in the microbial consolidation and production process of the hydrate reservoir.
The following will describe a specific structure of the gas hydrate reservoir microorganism-enhanced production model test apparatus 100 according to the present invention:
referring to fig. 1 to 4 in combination, in an embodiment of the gas hydrate reservoir microorganism-enhanced production model testing apparatus 100 according to the present invention, the gas hydrate reservoir microorganism-enhanced production model testing apparatus 100 includes a reaction kettle 10, an injection control system 20, a seawater supply system 30, a gas supply system 40, a microorganism supply system 50, a cementing liquid supply system 60, a hydrate production system 130, and a sensor assembly;
a reaction cavity is formed in the reaction kettle 10, the reaction cavity is used for placing test sand, and a shaft 14 is detachably arranged in the reaction cavity and is communicated with the shaft 14; the injection control system 20 is communicated with the reaction chamber; the outlet of the seawater supply system 30 is communicated with the reaction cavity through the injection control system 20 so as to add artificial seawater into the reaction cavity; the gas outlet of the gas supply system 40 is communicated with the reaction cavity through the injection control system 20 so as to add methane or carbon dioxide gas into the reaction cavity; the outlet of the microorganism supplying system 50 is communicated with the reaction cavity through the injection control system 20 so as to add bacteria liquid into the reaction cavity; the outlet of the cementing liquid supply system 60 is communicated with the reaction cavity through the injection control system 20 so as to add the cementing liquid into the reaction cavity; a hydrate production system 130 is connected to the wellbore 14 for reducing the pressure within the reaction chamber to promote hydrate decomposition within the reaction chamber; the sensor assembly is arranged in the reaction kettle 10 and used for acquiring the temperature, pressure, water content, hydrate saturation, deformation, strength and mineral component distribution of the hydrate reservoir in the reinforcement-decomposition process.
It can be understood that, the gas hydrate reservoir microorganism reinforcing exploitation model test device 100 of the present invention may first add test sand into the reaction cavity of the reaction kettle 10, and add artificial seawater and methane or carbon dioxide gas into the reaction cavity through the seawater supply system 30 and the gas supply system 40, respectively, and at the same time, adjust the pressure and temperature to the ocean reservoir approximate conditions to form an initial seabed hydrate reservoir model; then bacterial liquid and cementing liquid are respectively added into the reaction cavity through the microorganism supplying system 50 and the cementing liquid supplying system 60 to reinforce the hydrate reservoir stratum in the reaction cavity, and then the hydrate reservoir stratum is subjected to hydrate depressurization decomposition by the hydrate exploitation system 130. In the process, the distribution of temperature, pressure, water content, hydrate saturation, deformation, strength and mineral components of the hydrate reservoir in the consolidation-decomposition process can be obtained through sensor components (such as a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor 81, a shear wave velocity measurement system 110, a time domain reflection measurement system 90, a displacement monitoring system 120 and the like), and the seepage field, a temperature field, a deformation field, hydrate and mineral content distribution evolution law of the hydrate reservoir can be obtained and observed in real time, so that the mechanical mechanism and the yield change law in the hydrate consolidation and exploitation processes are researched, potential geological disasters are further prevented, and safe and efficient exploitation of the hydrate is realized.
Specifically, the reaction kettle 10 is used for filling test sand to provide a reaction environment; the seawater supply system 30 can communicate with the reaction chamber through the first booster pump 21 and the first liquid flow meter 22 in the injection control system 20 via the reserved opening 12a at the top of the reaction kettle 10 to inject seawater into the reaction chamber; the gas supply system 40 can be communicated with the reaction cavity through the reserved opening 12a at the bottom of the reaction kettle 10 by the second booster pump 23, the gas path stabilizing tank 24, the first gas flow meter 25 and the PID pressure controller 26 in the injection control system 20, so as to add methane or carbon dioxide gas into the reaction cavity; the microorganism supplying system 50 can be communicated with the reaction cavity through a reserved opening 12a at the top of the reaction kettle 10 by a third booster pump 27 and a second liquid flow meter 28 in the injection control system 20 so as to add bacteria liquid into the reaction cavity; the cementing liquid supplying device can be communicated with the reaction cavity through a reserved opening 12a at the bottom of the reaction kettle 10 by a fourth booster pump 29 and a third liquid flow meter 210 in the injection control system 20 so as to add cementing liquid into the reaction cavity; the hydrate production system 130 may include a vacuum pump 131, a fume hood 132, a PID regulator 133, a gas-liquid separator 134, a measuring cylinder 135 and a second gas flowmeter 136, so that the pressure in the reaction cavity may be controlled by the vacuum pump 131, the fume hood 132 and the PID regulator 133 to form a low-pressure environment in the reaction cavity, so as to perform depressurization production on the hydrate reservoir in the reaction kettle 10, the produced substance may be collected to the gas-liquid separator 134 for gas-liquid separation, the separated gas flows to the second gas flowmeter 136 under the action of the fume hood 132 to calculate a gas flow rate by the second gas flowmeter 136, and the liquid may flow to the measuring cylinder 135 below the gas-liquid separator 134 to read a liquid flow rate by the measuring cylinder 135 (also may be weighed by a balance to obtain a weight of the liquid, and a flow rate of the liquid may be obtained by conversion); and finally, calculating to obtain the ratio of each phase flow.
An extraction opening 141 can be formed in the wall of the shaft 14, so that the shaft 14 is communicated with the reaction chamber through the extraction opening 141, and a screen is arranged at the extraction opening 141, so that fluid extracted from the reaction kettle 10 can flow out through the extraction opening 141, and sand, soil and other particles are isolated in the reaction chamber through the screen.
Further, referring to fig. 1 and 2 in combination, in an embodiment, the sensor assembly includes a voltage stabilizing system 70, a temperature control system 80, a shear wave velocity measuring system 110, a time domain reflectometry system 90, and a displacement monitoring system 120; the pressure stabilizing system 70 is provided with a pressure sensor, and the pressure sensor is arranged in the reaction kettle 10 and used for measuring the pressure in the reaction cavity in real time; the temperature control system 80 is provided with a temperature sensor 81, and the temperature sensor 81 is arranged in the reaction kettle 10 and used for measuring the temperature in the reaction cavity in real time; the shear wave velocity measurement system 110 is used for monitoring the sediment intensity of the hydrate reservoir in the reaction cavity in real time; the time domain reflectometry system 90 is used for monitoring the saturation of the hydrate reservoir in the reaction cavity in real time; the displacement monitoring system 120 is disposed above the reaction kettle 10, and is configured to monitor displacement change of the hydrate reservoir in the reaction cavity in real time.
The displacement monitoring system 120 comprises a displacement sensor, and the displacement sensor is specifically a modified displacement sensor for measuring the deformation of the top sediment; the modified displacement sensor is characterized in that a round non-compressible sheet is fixed at the tip of a Linear Variable Differential Transformer (LVDT) to prevent the LVDT tip from being placed in a hydrate reservoir stratum to influence the measurement accuracy.
In addition, data on each system such as the injection control system 20, the seawater supply system 30, the gas supply system 40, the microorganism supply system 50, the glue solution supply system 60, the pressure stabilizing system 70, the temperature control system 80, the shear wave speed measuring system 110 and the like can be acquired through the data acquisition system and displayed in real time, so that the change of each data parameter can be observed manually in real time in experiments.
In this embodiment, in the test process, the pressure in the reaction chamber may be regulated and controlled by the pressure sensor in the pressure stabilizing system 70, so that the pressure in the reaction chamber is regulated to the preset pressure corresponding to the depth of the research sea area, so as to simulate the actual environment, thereby further ensuring the accuracy of monitoring.
Similarly, in the test process, the temperature in the reaction chamber can be regulated and controlled by the temperature sensor 81 in the temperature control system 80, so that the temperature in the reaction chamber is regulated to the preset temperature corresponding to the depth of the research sea area, the actual environment is simulated, and the monitoring accuracy is further ensured.
And, displacement detection system has displacement sensor, and displacement sensor sets up at reation kettle 10's top, and displacement sensor's induction port sets up towards reation kettle 10 to measure the deformation condition at reinforcement and decomposition exploitation in-process, hydrate reservoir through displacement sensor, in order to obtain more accurate rerum natura parameter's change.
Because the pressure in the reaction kettle 10 is higher in the test process, in order to facilitate the artificial seawater to be smoothly injected into the reaction cavity, the reaction kettle 10 can be provided with a vent valve, when the artificial seawater needs to be injected, the vent valve is firstly opened to ensure that the pressure in the reaction cavity is consistent with the atmospheric pressure, and the artificial seawater can be smoothly injected into the reaction cavity; in addition, the arrangement of the emptying valve can also facilitate the pressure relief of the reaction kettle 10 after the experiment is finished.
The concrete preparation method of the bacterial liquid in the microorganism supplying system 50 comprises the following steps: vacuum drying Bacillus pasteurianus Sporosarcina pasteruii in lyophilized powder state, and storing in fall bottle, wherein liquid culture medium is prepared, and the liquid culture medium comprises yeast powder 20g/L and NH 4 Cl 10g/L，MnSO 4 ·H 2 O10mg/L，NiCl·6H 2 O24 mg/L and adjusted to pH =9.0 with 1M NaOH. Sterilizing the liquid culture medium with high temperature steam at 121 deg.C for 30min, cooling in sterile operating table, heating the upper part of the bottle fall with alcohol lamp, dropping a few drops of water to break, taking out the inner tube with forceps, and opening the tampon. Sucking 1mL of liquid culture medium by using a sterile pipette, injecting the liquid culture medium into the inner tube, dissolving the freeze-dried powder, pouring the dissolved Bacillus pasteurii Sporosarcina pasteii into the culture tube of 6mL of liquid culture medium, and uniformly mixing to obtain a bacterial liquid.
The concrete preparation method of the cementing liquid in the cementing liquid supply system 60 comprises the following steps: adding CaCl 2 Dissolving urea in water to obtain 0.5M CaCl 2 And 0.75M urea mixed solution, and 3g/L beef extract is supplemented at the same time, so as to obtain the cementing solution.
Further, referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2 in combination, in an embodiment of the testing apparatus 100 for microorganism-enhanced production model of gas hydrate reservoir according to the present invention, the time domain reflectometry system 90 has a plurality of time domain reflectometry probes 92, and the plurality of time domain reflectometry probes 92 are axially spaced along the reaction kettle 10; because in the process of reinforcing and decomposing the hydrate reservoir, the saturation of the hydrate reservoir at different depths is different, and in order to reduce detection errors and improve accuracy, therefore, the time domain reflection probes 92 are distributed in the reaction cavity at intervals, so that the hydrate saturation of the hydrate reservoir at different positions can be obtained through the time domain reflection probes 92, more accurate physical property parameter changes can be obtained through calculation, and the monitoring accuracy is improved.
Specifically, the time domain reflectometry system 90 further includes a time domain reflectometry controller 91 to control the operation of the time domain reflectometry probe 92 through the time domain reflectometry controller 91.
Similarly, the shear wave velocity measurement system 110 has a plurality of shear wave velocity probes 112, and the plurality of shear wave velocity probes 112 are distributed at intervals along the axial direction of the reaction kettle 10; because the sediment intensity of the hydrate reservoir at different depths can be different in the process of reinforcing and decomposing the hydrate reservoir, in order to reduce detection errors and improve the accuracy, the sediment intensity of the hydrate reservoir at different positions can be obtained through the shear wave velocity probes 112 by distributing the shear wave velocity probes 112 in the reaction cavity at intervals, and more accurate physical property parameter changes can be obtained through calculation so as to improve the monitoring accuracy.
Specifically, the time domain reflectometry system 90 further includes a shear wave velocity controller 111 to control the operation of the shear wave velocity probe 112 through the shear wave velocity controller 111.
Similarly, a plurality of pressure sensors and/or temperature sensors 81 are provided, and a plurality of pressure sensors and/or a plurality of temperature sensors 81 are distributed at intervals along the axial direction of the reaction kettle 10; in the process of reinforcing and decomposing the hydrate reservoir, parameters such as pressure, temperature and the like of the hydrate reservoir at different depths are different, so that detection errors are reduced, and accuracy is improved.
Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2 in combination, in an embodiment of the testing apparatus 100 for microorganism-enhanced production model of gas hydrate reservoir according to the present invention, the time domain reflection probe 92 includes a time domain reflection transmitter 921 and a time domain reflection receiver 922, in the same time domain reflection probe 92, the time domain reflection transmitter 921 and the time domain reflection receiver 922 are located on the same horizontal plane, and a connection line between the time domain reflection transmitter 921 and the time domain reflection receiver 922 does not pass through the axis of the reaction vessel 10; thus, the hydrate saturation of the hydrate reservoir at the corresponding position can be obtained and observed in real time under the action of the time domain reflection transmitter 921 and the time domain reflection receiver 922, the specific working principle is the prior art, and the detailed description is omitted here; in addition, because the shaft 14 is disposed at the axial center of the reaction kettle 10, and the shaft 14 is disposed coaxially with the reaction kettle 10, the connection line between the time domain reflection transmitter 921 and the time domain reflection receiver 922 does not pass through the axial center of the reaction kettle 10, so that the shaft 14 can be prevented from affecting the normal operation of the time domain reflection probe 92, and the time domain reflection receiver 922 can receive the signal sent by the time domain reflection transmitter 921.
Similarly, the shear wave velocity probe 112 comprises a shear wave transmitter 1121 and a shear wave receiver 1122, and in the same shear wave velocity probe 112, the shear wave transmitter 1121 and the shear wave receiver 1122 are located on the same horizontal plane; thus, the sediment intensity of the hydrate reservoir at the corresponding position can be obtained and observed in real time under the action of the shear wave transmitter 1121 and the shear wave receiver 1122, the specific working principle is the prior art, and the detailed description is omitted here; in addition, since the shaft 14 is disposed at the axial center of the reaction vessel 10, and the shaft 14 is disposed coaxially with the reaction vessel 10, the connection line between the shear wave transmitter 1121 and the shear wave receiver 1122 does not pass through the axial center of the reaction vessel 10, so that the shaft 14 can be prevented from affecting the normal operation of the shear wave velocity probe 112, and the shear wave receiver 1122 can receive the signal transmitted by the shear wave transmitter 1121.
Further, referring to fig. 2 in combination, in an embodiment of the testing apparatus 100 for microorganism-enhanced production model of gas hydrate reservoir according to the present invention, in the same time domain reflection probe 92, a connection line between the time domain reflection transmitter 921 and the axis of the reaction vessel 10 is defined as a first connection line, a connection line between the time domain reflection receiver 922 and the axis of the reaction vessel 10 is defined as a second connection line, and an included angle between the first connection line and the second connection line is α, then the following conditions are satisfied: 0 ° < α <170 °; because the shaft 14 has a certain size, the included angle between the first connecting line and the second connecting line is controlled to be 0 to 170 degrees, so that the shaft 14 can be sufficiently prevented from affecting the normal operation of the time domain reflection probe 92, and the time domain reflection receiver 922 can receive the signal sent by the time domain reflection transmitter 921.
Also, to ensure the accuracy of the detection, the distance between the time domain reflection receiver 922 and the time domain reflection transmitter 921 may be greater than 2cm.
Similarly, in the same shear wave velocity probe 112, if the connection line between the shear wave transmitter 1121 and the axial center of the reaction vessel 10 is defined as a third connection line, the connection line between the shear wave receiver 1122 and the axial center of the reaction vessel 10 is defined as a fourth connection line, and the included angle between the third connection line and the fourth connection line is defined as β, the following condition is satisfied: 0 ° < β <170 °; because the shaft 14 has a certain size, the angle between the third connection line and the fourth connection line is controlled to be between 0 ° and 170 °, so that the shaft 14 can be sufficiently prevented from affecting the normal operation of the shear wave velocity probe 112, and the shear wave receiver 1122 can receive the signal sent by the shear wave transmitter 1121.
Also, in order to ensure the accuracy of detection, the distance between the shear wave receiver 1122 and the shear wave transmitter 1121 may be made greater than 2cm.
Further, referring to fig. 1, in an embodiment of the testing apparatus 100 for a gas hydrate reservoir microorganism-enhanced production model according to the present invention, a plurality of mounting openings are formed in a side wall of the reaction kettle 10 at intervals, and the mounting openings are respectively used for mounting the time domain reflection transmitter 921, the time domain reflection receiver 922, the shear wave transmitter 1121, and the shear wave receiver 1122.
With this arrangement, in the assembling process, the time domain reflector 921, the time domain reflector receiver 922, the shear wave reflector 1121, and the shear wave receiver 1122 can be respectively installed at the plurality of installation openings on the side wall of the reaction vessel 10.
Of course, the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor 81 may be installed at corresponding installation ports on the sidewall of the reaction vessel 10, respectively.
Further, referring to fig. 4, in an embodiment of the testing apparatus 100 for gas hydrate reservoir microorganism-enhanced mining model according to the present invention, the reaction kettle 10 is provided with a plurality of openings 12a at intervals at the top and the bottom, and the injection control system 20 is connected to the reaction kettle 10 through the openings 12a.
So configured, the injection control system 20 can be respectively communicated with the outlet of the injection control system 20, the air outlet of the air supply system 40, the outlet of the microorganism supply system 50, the outlet of the glue solution supply system 60, and the like through the opening 12a on the top or the bottom of the reaction kettle 10; and, an opening 12a is opened at the central position of the top of the reaction kettle 10, and the opening 12a is an external wellbore interface 12b, so that the top of the wellbore 14 passes through the external wellbore interface 12b to be connected with the hydrate production system 130.
Specifically, the reaction kettle 10 may have a substantially cylindrical structure, and specifically includes a kettle 11, a top end cover 1312 covering the top of the kettle 11, and a bottom end cover covering the bottom of the kettle 11, where the top end cover 1312 and the bottom end cover may be locked on the kettle 11 by bolts, and the top end cover 1312 and the bottom end cover are both opened with a plurality of openings 12a disposed at intervals.
Referring to fig. 1, in an embodiment of the testing apparatus 100 for gas hydrate reservoir microorganism-enhanced production model according to the present invention, the temperature control system 80 further includes a constant temperature device 82, and the constant temperature device 82 uses absolute ethanol as a circulating medium to regulate and control the temperature in the reaction chamber. So set up, in the experimentation, accessible constant temperature equipment 82 regulates and control the temperature in the reaction chamber for the temperature of reaction intracavity is transferred to and is studied the temperature that sea area degree of depth corresponds, with simulation actual environment, thereby further guarantees the accuracy of monitoring.
Further, referring to fig. 1 in combination, in an embodiment of the testing apparatus 100 for gas hydrate reservoir microorganism-enhanced production model according to the present invention, the constant temperature device 82 includes a housing 821, a temperature controller 822, a liquid inlet pipe and a liquid outlet pipe; a mounting cavity is formed in the housing 821, the reaction kettle 10 is arranged in the mounting cavity, a circulating refrigeration space is formed between the outer surface of the reaction kettle 10 and the wall of the mounting cavity and used for inputting absolute ethyl alcohol, and the housing 821 is further provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet which are communicated with the circulating refrigeration space; temperature controller 822 is disposed outside housing 821 and has a temperature control chamber; the outlet and the inlet of the liquid inlet pipe are respectively communicated with the liquid inlet and the temperature control chamber; the inlet and the outlet of the liquid outlet pipe are respectively communicated with the liquid outlet and the temperature control chamber.
So set up, at first through the temperature controller 822 temperature of the indoor absolute ethyl alcohol of control by temperature change (absolute ethyl alcohol) of control by temperature change, after the temperature regulation of the indoor absolute ethyl alcohol of control by temperature change to required temperature, just carry absolute ethyl alcohol to the circulation refrigeration space in through the feed liquor pipe, with carrying out the temperature regulation and control to reation kettle 10 through the absolute ethyl alcohol in the circulation refrigeration space, then the absolute ethyl alcohol in the circulation space will flow back to the control by temperature change room through the drain pipe, so, alright pass through the control by temperature change room, the feed liquor pipe, form the circulation runner between circulation refrigeration space and the drain pipe, with carry out the temperature regulation and control to reation kettle 10, alright make the temperature in the reaction chamber adjust to the temperature that corresponds with the research sea area degree of depth, with simulation actual environment.
Moreover, the housing 821 is an explosion-proof kettle, and because the pressure corresponding to the actual sea depth of research is higher, the pressure in the reaction kettle 10 also needs to be set to be higher in the test process, so that the personal safety of a laboratory worker can be protected by setting the reaction kettle 10 in the installation cavity of the explosion-proof kettle, and the laboratory worker can be prevented from being injured by the explosion of the reaction kettle 10 in the test process.
Of course, in other embodiments, a refrigeration sheet may be directly disposed in the reaction kettle 10, so as to regulate and control the temperature inside the reaction kettle 10 through the refrigeration sheet.
With reference to fig. 5, the present invention further provides a testing method of the gas hydrate reservoir microorganism-enhanced production model testing apparatus 100, the testing method includes the following steps:
s10, filling the test sandy soil into a reaction cavity, compacting and sealing, injecting artificial seawater into the reaction cavity until the artificial seawater is saturated, and adjusting the temperature and the pressure in the reaction kettle 10 to preset temperature and pressure (researching the temperature and the pressure corresponding to the depth of a sea area);
specifically, an experimenter firstly fills the mixed test sandy soil into a reaction cavity, then opens a first booster pump 21 corresponding to a seawater supply system 30 to add artificial seawater into the reaction cavity through the first booster pump 21, simultaneously calculates the addition amount of the artificial seawater through a first liquid flow meter 22, and closes the corresponding first booster pump 21 to stop adding the artificial seawater into the reaction cavity when the addition amount reaches a preset value; then, the temperature and the pressure in the reaction kettle 10 are respectively adjusted to preset temperature and pressure (temperature and pressure corresponding to the depth of the sea area are studied) through the temperature control system 80 and the pressure stabilizing system 70, and then the temperature and the pressure are maintained for 24 hours to ensure that disturbance influence of the pressure and the temperature on the experimental soil material is completely eliminated, and at this time, the initial physical property parameters of the soil material are detected through the multifunctional sensors (such as the pressure sensor, the temperature sensor 81, the shear wave velocity measuring system 110, the time domain reflection measuring system 90, the displacement monitoring system 120 and the like).
S20, adding methane or carbon dioxide gas into the reaction cavity to obtain a hydrate reservoir;
specifically, the second booster pump 23 corresponding to the gas supply system 40 is turned on to add methane or carbon dioxide gas into the reaction chamber through the second booster pump 23, and then the temperature and the pressure are kept unchanged and stabilized for 72 hours to ensure the formation of the hydrate reservoir, and the saturation of the hydrate reservoir is detected through the time domain reflectometry system 90.
S30, injecting bacterial liquid into the reaction cavity;
specifically, the third booster pump 27 corresponding to the microorganism supplying system 50 is turned on to add the bacterial liquid into the reaction chamber through the corresponding third booster pump 27, and the reaction chamber is kept still for 12 hours;
s40, injecting cementing liquid into the reaction cavity for multiple times to enable the bacterial liquid in the reaction cavity to react with the cementing liquid, so that the hydrate reservoir is reinforced;
specifically, the fourth booster pump 29 corresponding to the cementing liquid supply system 60 is turned on to add the cementing liquid into the reaction cavity for the first time through the corresponding fourth booster pump 29, and then the cementing liquid is added every 24 hours later.
S50, reducing the pressure in the reaction kettle 10 through the hydrate exploitation system 130 to decompose a hydrate reservoir in the reaction kettle 10;
specifically, the vacuum pump 131 in the hydrate production system 130 is turned on to form a low-pressure environment in the reaction cavity, so that hydrate decomposition of the hydrate reservoir in the reaction cavity can be promoted on the basis of the set depressurization amplitude and depressurization rate, gas and liquid are collected through the gas-liquid separator 134 in the hydrate production system 130, and the production rate is recorded;
and S60, acquiring the temperature, pressure, water content, hydrate saturation, deformation, strength and distribution of mineral components of the hydrate reservoir in the reinforcing-decomposing process.
Specifically, the sensor components (such as the pressure sensor, the temperature sensor 81, the shear wave velocity measurement system 110, the time domain reflection measurement system 90, the displacement monitoring system 120 and the like) are used for acquiring the temperature, the pressure, the water content, the hydrate saturation, the deformation, the strength and the distribution of mineral components of the hydrate reservoir in the strengthening-decomposing process, namely the seepage field, the temperature field, the deformation field, the hydrate and the mineral content distribution evolution law of the hydrate reservoir can be acquired and observed in real time, so that the mechanical mechanism and the yield change law in the hydrate strengthening and exploiting processes are researched, the potential geological disasters are further prevented, and the safe and efficient exploitation of the hydrate is realized.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent structural changes made by using the contents of the present specification and the drawings, or any other related technical fields, which are directly or indirectly applied to the present invention, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a gas hydrate reservoir microorganism consolidates exploitation model test device which characterized in that includes:
the reaction kettle is internally provided with a reaction cavity, the reaction cavity is used for placing test sand, and a shaft is detachably arranged in the reaction cavity and is communicated with the shaft;
an injection control system in communication with the reaction chamber;
the outlet of the seawater supply system is communicated with the reaction cavity through the injection control system so as to add artificial seawater into the reaction cavity;
the gas outlet of the gas supply system is communicated with the reaction cavity through the injection control system so as to add methane or carbon dioxide gas into the reaction cavity;
the outlet of the microorganism supplying system is communicated with the reaction cavity through the injection control system so as to add bacteria liquid into the reaction cavity;
the outlet of the cementing liquid supply system is communicated with the reaction cavity through the injection control system so as to add cementing liquid into the reaction cavity;
a hydrate production system coupled to the wellbore for reducing pressure within the reaction chamber to facilitate decomposition of a hydrate reservoir within the reaction chamber;
the sensor assembly is arranged in the reaction kettle and used for acquiring the temperature, pressure, water content, hydrate saturation, deformation, strength and distribution of mineral components of the hydrate reservoir in the reinforcement-decomposition process.
2. The gas hydrate reservoir microorganism-enhanced production model testing apparatus of claim 1, wherein the sensor assembly comprises:
the pressure stabilizing system is provided with a pressure sensor, and the pressure sensor is arranged in the reaction kettle and used for measuring the pressure in the reaction cavity in real time;
the temperature control system is provided with a temperature sensor, and the temperature sensor is arranged in the reaction kettle and used for measuring the temperature in the reaction cavity in real time;
the shear wave velocity measurement system is used for monitoring the sediment intensity of the hydrate reservoir in the reaction cavity in real time;
the time domain reflection measurement system is used for monitoring the saturation of the hydrate reservoir in the reaction cavity in real time;
and the displacement monitoring system is arranged above the reaction kettle and is used for monitoring the displacement change of the hydrate reservoir in the reaction cavity in real time.
3. The gas hydrate reservoir microorganism-enhanced production model testing apparatus of claim 2, wherein the time domain reflectometry system has a plurality of time domain reflectometry probes, the plurality of time domain reflectometry probes being spaced axially along the reaction vessel.
4. The gas hydrate reservoir microorganism-enhanced production model testing apparatus of claim 3, wherein the time domain reflectometry probe comprises a time domain reflectometry transmitter and a time domain reflectometry receiver, and in the same time domain reflectometry probe, the time domain reflectometry transmitter and the time domain reflectometry receiver are located on the same horizontal plane, and a connecting line between the time domain reflectometry transmitter and the time domain reflectometry receiver does not pass through the axis of the reaction vessel.
5. The gas hydrate reservoir microorganism-enhanced production model testing apparatus of claim 2, wherein the shear wave velocity measurement system has a plurality of shear wave velocity probes, and the plurality of shear wave velocity probes are axially spaced along the reaction vessel.
6. The gas hydrate reservoir microorganism-enhanced production model testing device of claim 5, wherein the shear wave velocity probe comprises a shear wave transmitter and a shear wave receiver, and in the same shear wave velocity probe, the shear wave transmitter and the shear wave receiver are located on the same horizontal plane, and a connecting line between the shear wave transmitter and the shear wave receiver does not pass through the axis of the reaction kettle.
7. The gas hydrate reservoir microorganism-enhanced production model testing device as claimed in claim 2, wherein a plurality of pressure sensors and/or temperature sensors are provided, and a plurality of pressure sensors and/or temperature sensors are distributed at intervals along the axial direction of the reaction kettle.
8. The gas hydrate reservoir microorganism-enhanced production model test device of claim 2, wherein the pressure stabilizing system further comprises a constant temperature device, and the constant temperature device uses absolute ethyl alcohol as a circulating medium and is used for regulating and controlling the temperature in the reaction cavity.
9. The gas hydrate reservoir microorganism-enhanced production model testing apparatus of claim 8, wherein the constant temperature device comprises:
the reaction kettle is arranged in the installation cavity, a circulating refrigeration space is formed between the outer surface of the reaction kettle and the wall of the installation cavity and used for inputting absolute ethyl alcohol, and the shell is also provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet which are communicated with the circulating refrigeration space;
the temperature controller is arranged outside the shell and is provided with a temperature control chamber;
the outlet and the inlet of the liquid inlet pipe are respectively communicated with the liquid inlet and the temperature control chamber; and
and the inlet and the outlet of the liquid outlet pipe are respectively communicated with the liquid outlet and the temperature control chamber.
10. A testing method based on a gas hydrate reservoir microorganism consolidated production model testing apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the testing method comprises the steps of:
filling test sandy soil into a reaction cavity, compacting and sealing, injecting artificial seawater into the reaction cavity until the reaction cavity is saturated, and adjusting the temperature and the pressure in a reaction kettle to preset temperature and pressure;
adding methane or carbon dioxide gas into the reaction cavity to obtain a hydrate reservoir;
injecting bacterial liquid into the reaction cavity;
injecting cementing liquid into the reaction cavity for multiple times to enable the bacterial liquid in the reaction cavity to react with the cementing liquid, so that the hydrate reservoir stratum is reinforced;
reducing the pressure in the reaction kettle through the hydrate exploitation system so as to decompose a hydrate reservoir in the reaction kettle;
and acquiring the temperature, pressure, water content, hydrate saturation, deformation, strength and distribution of mineral components of the hydrate reservoir in the reinforcing-decomposing process.
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