CN115476552A - Preparation method of magnesium alloy high-strength sound insulation composite board - Google Patents
Preparation method of magnesium alloy high-strength sound insulation composite board Download PDFInfo
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- CN115476552A CN115476552A CN202211126439.XA CN202211126439A CN115476552A CN 115476552 A CN115476552 A CN 115476552A CN 202211126439 A CN202211126439 A CN 202211126439A CN 115476552 A CN115476552 A CN 115476552A
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- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 112
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000012943 hotmelt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 49
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 244000137852 Petrea volubilis Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920006231 aramid fiber Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000002937 thermal insulation foam Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000008281 solid sol Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- QGBSISYHAICWAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicyandiamide Chemical group NC(N)=NC#N QGBSISYHAICWAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000004841 bisphenol A epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004842 bisphenol F epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009659 non-destructive testing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
- B32B3/10—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material
- B32B3/12—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material characterised by a layer of regularly- arranged cells, e.g. a honeycomb structure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B33/00—Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/06—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the heating method
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/10—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/12—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
- B32B37/1284—Application of adhesive
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
- B32B2038/0052—Other operations not otherwise provided for
- B32B2038/0076—Curing, vulcanising, cross-linking
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/10—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular acoustical properties
- B32B2307/102—Insulating
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a magnesium alloy high-strength sound insulation composite board, and belongs to the technical field of high-quality magnesium material manufacturing. In the invention, the honeycomb plate holes are filled with sound insulation foam, so that the sound insulation property of the plate is improved. Meanwhile, sound insulation cotton subjected to strengthening treatment is arranged on two sides of the honeycomb plate, and the sound insulation performance and the strength performance of the plate are improved together. And finally, the hot-melt epoxy resin solid sol is used, and the temperature and pressure are programmed to cure, so that the nano silica sol and the fibers of the sound insulation layer are tightly combined, the bonding strength and the stability are improved, and the integral strength performance of the plate is improved. The composite magnesium alloy cellular board obtained by the preparation method has the advantages of high strength, light weight, sound insulation, noise prevention and corrosion resistance, is suitable for occasions such as aerospace and light high-speed trains, realizes efficient damping and noise prevention, and has wide market application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of high-quality magnesium material manufacturing, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a magnesium alloy high-strength sound insulation composite board.
Background
The honeycomb panel has been widely used in the fields of airplanes, trains, ships, buildings and the like due to a series of advantages of light weight, high strength, large rigidity, good stability, heat and sound insulation and the like. The 'light weight, high performance, safety, environmental protection and energy conservation' is the inevitable trend of the development of transportation tools, and further provides higher requirements for the honeycomb plate.
In the internal structure of the existing motor train unit train, the components such as the floor, the wall plate, the top plate and the like are basically and completely applied to the aluminum alloy cellular board. The aluminum honeycomb panel is a warped structure of the current high-strength lightweight structure, and has the characteristics of small density (less than most of wood density), high compression resistance and bending strength, excellent sound insulation performance and the like. The domestic enterprise which is exclusively used for rail trains is rapidly developed in recent years, and the enterprises with hundred million yuan production value have nearly ten. However, due to the special operation of the motor train unit and the process characteristics of technical progress, when the aluminum honeycomb panel is applied, the noise in the motor train unit is generally higher, and especially the noise in the motor train unit at 350 km/h becomes a prominent problem affecting the comfort degree of passengers. Therefore, a structure is needed to satisfy the requirement of light weight and have high sound insulation performance.
The density of the magnesium alloy is 1.75-1.85g/cm 2 Equivalent to 2/3 of aluminum. Due to the specific strength of the magnesium alloyThe degree is also higher than that of aluminum alloy and iron. Therefore, the weight of the parts can be reduced without reducing the strength value, and the parts are the most light engineering materials without dispute. The magnesium alloy has good electromagnetic shielding performance and damping vibration attenuation performance. The damping capacity is 5-100 times higher than that of aluminum alloy and thousands of times higher than that of steel; good casting performance. The fluidity of the liquid magnesium alloy is superior to that of the aluminum alloy, and the liquid magnesium alloy is suitable for casting complex parts and large-size parts. The magnesium alloy has good machinability and low machining cost, and the machining energy is only 70 percent of that of the aluminum alloy.
However, the existing magnesium alloy honeycomb plate has insufficient sound insulation performance and strength performance, is not corrosion-resistant, and is greatly limited in practical application.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the magnesium alloy honeycomb plate in the prior art, the invention provides a novel multilayer magnesium honeycomb sound insulation plate, which greatly improves the sound insulation performance and the strength performance of the sound insulation plate, improves the corrosion resistance and prolongs the service life.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a preparation method of a magnesium alloy high-strength sound insulation composite board comprises the following steps of: the magnesium alloy honeycomb plate comprises (1) an outermost magnesium alloy plate, (2) middle layer soundproof cotton, (3) an innermost magnesium alloy honeycomb plate, (4) middle layer soundproof cotton, and (5) an outermost magnesium alloy plate; the preparation method comprises the following preparation steps: the preparation method comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) Plate pretreatment: cleaning the surfaces of the magnesium alloy plate and the magnesium alloy honeycomb plate, pretreating, and naturally airing for later use;
(2) Filling sound insulation balls in the honeycomb of the magnesium alloy honeycomb plate, spraying adhesives on two sides of the magnesium alloy honeycomb plate, bonding sound insulation cotton on two sides of the magnesium alloy honeycomb plate filled with the sound insulation balls, spraying the adhesives again, and bonding the magnesium alloy plate on the outer side of the sound insulation cotton to obtain a prefabricated composite plate;
(3) And (3) carrying out temperature programming and hot pressing on the prefabricated composite board of the laminated body obtained in the step (2), so that the binder is cured, and obtaining the sound insulation composite board, wherein the sound insulation composite board is cut for use as required in actual use.
Further, the surface cleaning in the step (1) is to polish the surface by using fine sand paper and then clean the surface by using acetone.
Further, the pretreatment process in the step (1) comprises the following steps: firstly, performing alkali washing by using 30-50% of sodium hydroxide by mass concentration, wherein the temperature of the alkali washing is 60-80 ℃, and the time of the alkali washing is 10-15min; then, carrying out acid washing by using a nitric acid solution with the mass concentration of 10-20%, wherein the acid washing temperature is 20-40 ℃, and the acid washing time is 5-10min; and finally, using an aluminum sulfate solution with the mass concentration of 20-40%, adjusting the pH value to 8-10, and soaking for 15-20 minutes at room temperature to finish the pretreatment process.
Further, the sound insulation ball in the step (2) is sound insulation foam or sound insulation cotton.
Further, the adhesive in the step (2) is hot-melt epoxy resin, comprises epoxy resin and a curing agent, the mass ratio of the epoxy resin to the curing agent is 4-5:1, and the adhesive is mixed, heated and melted for use when in use, and the using amount is 50 +/-10 g/m 2 。
Furthermore, the hot-melt epoxy resin is bisphenol A epoxy resin or bisphenol F epoxy resin; the curing agent is dicyandiamide.
Further, the soundproof cotton in the step (2) is used after being subjected to strengthening treatment, and the specific process comprises the following steps: uniformly dispersing aramid fiber and glass fiber in alkaline silica sol according to a mass ratio of 1:1, wherein the solid-liquid ratio is 1g:15-20mL, uniformly mixing to obtain fiber silica sol, uniformly coating the fiber silica sol on the surface of soundproof cotton, wherein the coating dosage is 100-200g/m 2 And fully drying after coating.
According to the invention, after the commodity soundproof cotton is treated, the tough aramid fiber and the hard glass fiber are dispersed in the nano silica sol and coated in the soundproof cotton, and the small-particle nano particles and the fiber interact with each other and can be fully combined with the binder in the subsequent heating and curing process of the epoxy resin to form a hard and compact gel structure, so that the soundproof performance and the strength performance of the material are greatly improved without increasing the weight of the system.
Furthermore, the content of silicon dioxide in the alkaline silica sol is not less than 30%, the pH value is 9.0-10.0, and the particle size is 10-20nm.
Further, the programmed heating and hot-pressing method in the step (4) comprises the steps of heating at a heating rate of 1-2 ℃/min to 40-50 ℃, preserving heat for 10-15min, heating at a heating rate of 1-2 ℃/min to 80-100 ℃ for curing for 1h, simultaneously pressurizing at a pressure of 0.1-0.3MPa, and naturally cooling after curing.
The raw material plates of each layer are all commercial plates, and the raw materials used in the preparation process are all available in the market.
The invention firstly cleans the plate and then carries out pretreatment, firstly carries out alkali cleaning, can effectively remove organic matters and other impurities on the surface of the plate, then carries out acid cleaning, further removes corrosion products of the alkali etching, and finally carries out blocking of alkali solution of aluminum sulfate, thereby improving the surface compactness and improving the corrosion resistance of the plate.
In the invention, the honeycomb plate holes are filled with sound insulation foam, so that the sound insulation property of the plate is improved. Meanwhile, sound insulation cotton subjected to strengthening treatment is arranged on two sides of the honeycomb plate, and the sound insulation performance and the strength performance of the plate are improved together. Finally, the hot-melt epoxy resin solid sol is used, and the temperature programming and the pressure curing are carried out, so that the close combination with the nano silica sol and the fibers of the sound insulation layer is realized, the bonding strength and the stability are improved, and the integral strength performance of the plate is improved.
Advantageous effects
The composite magnesium alloy cellular board obtained by the preparation method has the advantages of high strength, light weight, sound insulation, noise prevention and corrosion resistance, is suitable for occasions such as aerospace and light high-speed trains, realizes efficient damping and noise prevention, and has wide market application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the layer structure of the sheet material of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to specific embodiments, but is not limited thereto.
Example 1
A preparation method of a magnesium alloy high-strength sound insulation composite board comprises the following steps of: the magnesium alloy honeycomb plate comprises (1) an outermost magnesium alloy plate, (2) middle layer soundproof cotton, (3) an innermost magnesium alloy honeycomb plate, (4) middle layer soundproof cotton, and (5) an outermost magnesium alloy plate; the preparation method comprises the following preparation steps: the preparation method comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) Plate pretreatment: cleaning the surfaces of the magnesium alloy plate and the magnesium alloy honeycomb laminate, pretreating, and naturally airing for later use;
(2) Filling sound insulation balls in the honeycomb of the magnesium alloy honeycomb plate, spraying adhesives on two sides of the magnesium alloy honeycomb plate, bonding sound insulation cotton on two sides of the magnesium alloy honeycomb plate filled with the sound insulation balls, spraying the adhesives again, and bonding the magnesium alloy plate on the outer side of the sound insulation cotton to obtain a prefabricated composite plate;
(3) And (3) carrying out temperature programming and hot pressing on the prefabricated composite board of the laminated body obtained in the step (2), so that the binder is cured, and obtaining the sound insulation composite board, wherein the sound insulation composite board is cut for use as required in actual use.
And (2) in the step (1), the surface cleaning is to polish the surface by using fine sand paper and then clean the surface by using acetone.
The pretreatment process in the step (1) comprises the following steps: firstly, performing alkaline washing by using 30% sodium hydroxide by mass, wherein the temperature of the alkaline washing is 60 ℃, and the time of the alkaline washing is 10min; then, carrying out acid washing by using a nitric acid solution with the mass concentration of 10%, wherein the acid washing temperature is 20 ℃, and the acid washing time is 5min; and finally, using an aluminum sulfate solution with the mass concentration of 20%, adjusting the pH value to be 8-10, and soaking for 15 minutes at room temperature to finish the pretreatment process.
And (3) the sound insulation balls in the step (2) are sound insulation foam.
The adhesive in the step (2) is hot-melt epoxy resin comprising epoxy resin and curing agent in a mass ratio of 4:1, and is mixed, heated and melted for use when in use, and the using amount is 50 +/-10 g/m 2 。
The hot-melt epoxy resin is bisphenol A epoxy resin; the curing agent is dicyandiamide.
The soundproof cotton in the step (2) is used after being subjected to strengthening treatment, and the specific process comprises the following steps: uniformly dispersing aramid fiber and glass fiber in 1:1 mass ratioIn alkaline silica sol, the solid-to-liquid ratio is 1g:15mL, uniformly mixing to obtain fiber silica sol, uniformly coating the fiber silica sol on the surface of soundproof cotton, wherein the coating dosage is 100g/m 2 And fully drying after coating.
The content of silicon dioxide in the alkaline silica sol is not less than 30%, the pH value is 9.0-10.0, and the particle size is 10-20nm.
And (4) heating according to the temperature rise rate of 1-2 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 10-15min when the temperature rises to 40-50 ℃, curing for 1h when the temperature rises to 80-100 ℃ at the temperature rise rate of 1-2 ℃/min, pressurizing at the same time, keeping the pressure at 0.1MPa, and naturally cooling after curing.
Example 2
A preparation method of a magnesium alloy high-strength sound insulation composite board comprises the following steps of: the magnesium alloy honeycomb plate comprises (1) an outermost magnesium alloy plate, (2) middle layer soundproof cotton, (3) an innermost magnesium alloy honeycomb plate, (4) middle layer soundproof cotton, and (5) an outermost magnesium alloy plate; the preparation method comprises the following preparation steps: the preparation method comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) Plate pretreatment: cleaning the surfaces of the magnesium alloy plate and the magnesium alloy honeycomb laminate, pretreating, and naturally airing for later use;
(2) Filling sound insulation balls in the honeycomb of the magnesium alloy honeycomb plate, spraying adhesives on two sides of the magnesium alloy honeycomb plate, bonding sound insulation cotton on two sides of the magnesium alloy honeycomb plate filled with the sound insulation balls, spraying the adhesives again, and bonding the magnesium alloy plate on the outer side of the sound insulation cotton to obtain a prefabricated composite plate;
(3) And (3) carrying out temperature programming and hot pressing on the prefabricated composite board of the laminated body obtained in the step (2), so that the binder is cured, and obtaining the sound insulation composite board, wherein the sound insulation composite board is cut for use as required in actual use.
And (2) in the step (1), the surface cleaning is to polish the surface by using fine sand paper and then clean the surface by using acetone.
The pretreatment process in the step (1) comprises the following steps: firstly, performing alkaline washing by using sodium hydroxide with the mass concentration of 40%, wherein the temperature of the alkaline washing is 70 ℃, and the time of the alkaline washing is 10min; then, carrying out acid washing by using a nitric acid solution with the mass concentration of 15%, wherein the acid washing temperature is 30 ℃, and the acid washing time is 5min; and finally, using an aluminum sulfate solution with the mass concentration of 30%, adjusting the pH value to be 8-10, and soaking for 15 minutes at room temperature to finish the pretreatment process.
And (3) the sound insulation ball in the step (2) is sound insulation cotton.
The adhesive in the step (2) is hot-melt epoxy resin comprising epoxy resin and curing agent in a mass ratio of 5:1, and is mixed, heated and melted for use when in use, and the using amount is 50 +/-10 g/m 2 。
The hot-melt epoxy resin is bisphenol F epoxy resin; the curing agent is dicyandiamide.
The soundproof cotton in the step (2) is used after being subjected to strengthening treatment, and the specific process comprises the following steps: uniformly dispersing aramid fiber and glass fiber in alkaline silica sol according to a mass ratio of 1:1, wherein the solid-liquid ratio is 1g:15mL, uniformly mixing to obtain fiber silica sol, uniformly coating the fiber silica sol on the surface of soundproof cotton, wherein the coating dosage is 150g/m 2 And fully drying after coating.
The content of silicon dioxide in the alkaline silica sol is not less than 30%, the pH value is 9.0-10.0, and the particle size is 10-20nm.
And (4) the programmed heating and hot pressing method comprises the steps of heating according to the heating rate of 1-2 ℃/min, heating to 40-50 ℃, preserving heat for 10-15min, heating to 80-100 ℃ at the heating rate of 1-2 ℃/min, curing for 1h, simultaneously pressurizing, keeping the pressure at 0.1-0.3MPa, and naturally cooling after curing.
Example 3
A preparation method of a magnesium alloy high-strength sound insulation composite board comprises the following steps of: the magnesium alloy honeycomb plate comprises (1) an outermost magnesium alloy plate, (2) middle layer soundproof cotton, (3) an innermost magnesium alloy honeycomb plate, (4) middle layer soundproof cotton, and (5) an outermost magnesium alloy plate; the preparation method comprises the following preparation steps: the preparation method comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) Plate pretreatment: cleaning the surfaces of the magnesium alloy plate and the magnesium alloy honeycomb laminate, pretreating, and naturally airing for later use;
(2) Filling sound insulation balls in the honeycomb of the magnesium alloy honeycomb plate, spraying adhesives on two sides of the magnesium alloy honeycomb plate, bonding sound insulation cotton on two sides of the magnesium alloy honeycomb plate filled with the sound insulation balls, spraying the adhesives again, and bonding the magnesium alloy plate on the outer side of the sound insulation cotton to obtain a prefabricated composite plate;
(3) And (3) carrying out temperature programming and hot pressing on the prefabricated composite board of the laminated body obtained in the step (2), so that the binder is cured, and obtaining the sound insulation composite board, wherein the sound insulation composite board is cut for use as required in actual use.
And (2) in the step (1), the surface cleaning is to polish the surface by using fine sand paper and then clean the surface by using acetone.
The pretreatment process in the step (1) comprises the following steps: firstly, performing alkaline washing by using 50% sodium hydroxide by mass, wherein the temperature of the alkaline washing is 80 ℃, and the time of the alkaline washing is 15min; then, carrying out acid washing by using a nitric acid solution with the mass concentration of 20%, wherein the acid washing temperature is 40 ℃, and the acid washing time is 10min; and finally, using an aluminum sulfate solution with the mass concentration of 40%, adjusting the pH value to be 8-10, and soaking for 20 minutes at room temperature to finish the pretreatment process.
And (3) the sound insulation balls in the step (2) are sound insulation foam.
The adhesive in the step (2) is hot-melt epoxy resin comprising epoxy resin and curing agent in a mass ratio of 5:1, and is mixed, heated and melted for use when in use, and the using amount is 50 +/-10 g/m 2 。
The hot-melt epoxy resin is bisphenol A epoxy resin; the curing agent is dicyandiamide.
The soundproof cotton in the step (2) is used after being subjected to strengthening treatment, and the specific process comprises the following steps: uniformly dispersing aramid fiber and glass fiber in alkaline silica sol according to a mass ratio of 1:1, wherein the solid-liquid ratio is 1g:20mL, uniformly mixing to obtain fiber silica sol, uniformly coating the fiber silica sol on the surface of soundproof cotton, wherein the coating dosage is 200g/m 2 And fully drying after coating.
The content of silicon dioxide in the alkaline silica sol is not less than 30%, the pH value is 9.0-10.0, and the particle size is 10-20nm.
And (4) the programmed heating hot-pressing method in the step (4) comprises the steps of heating according to the heating rate of 1-2 ℃/min, heating to 40-50 ℃, preserving heat for 10-15min, heating to 80-100 ℃ at the heating rate of 1-2 ℃/min, curing for 1h, simultaneously pressurizing at the pressure of 0.1-0.3MPa, and naturally cooling after curing.
Comparative example 1
A preparation method of a magnesium alloy high-strength sound insulation composite board comprises the following five layers from top to bottom: the magnesium alloy honeycomb plate comprises (1) an outermost magnesium alloy plate, (2) middle layer soundproof cotton, (3) an innermost magnesium alloy honeycomb plate, (4) middle layer soundproof cotton, and (5) an outermost magnesium alloy plate; the preparation method comprises the following preparation steps: the preparation method comprises the following preparation steps:
(4) Plate pretreatment: cleaning the surfaces of the magnesium alloy plate and the magnesium alloy honeycomb laminate, pretreating, and naturally airing for later use;
(5) Filling sound insulation balls in the honeycomb of the magnesium alloy honeycomb plate, spraying adhesives on two sides of the magnesium alloy honeycomb plate, bonding sound insulation cotton on two sides of the magnesium alloy honeycomb plate filled with the sound insulation balls, spraying the adhesives again, and bonding the magnesium alloy plate on the outer side of the sound insulation cotton to obtain a prefabricated composite plate;
(6) And (3) carrying out temperature programming and hot pressing on the prefabricated composite board of the laminated body obtained in the step (2) to cure the binder to obtain the sound insulation composite board, and cutting for use as required during actual use.
And (2) in the step (1), the surface cleaning is to polish the surface by using fine sand paper and then clean the surface by using acetone.
The pretreatment process in the step (1) comprises the following steps: firstly, performing alkaline washing by using 50% sodium hydroxide by mass, wherein the temperature of the alkaline washing is 80 ℃, and the time of the alkaline washing is 15min; then, carrying out acid washing by using a nitric acid solution with the mass concentration of 20%, wherein the acid washing temperature is 40 ℃, and the acid washing time is 10min; and finally, using an aluminum sulfate solution with the mass concentration of 40%, adjusting the pH value to be 8-10, and soaking for 20 minutes at room temperature to finish the pretreatment process.
And (3) the sound insulation balls in the step (2) are sound insulation foam.
The adhesive in the step (2) is hot-melt epoxy resin comprising epoxy resin and curing agent in a mass ratio of 5:1, and is mixed, heated and melted for use when in use, and the using amount is 50 +/-10 g/m 2 。
The hot-melt epoxy resin is bisphenol A epoxy resin; the curing agent is dicyandiamide.
And (3) directly using the commercially available soundproof cotton in the step (2).
And (4) the programmed heating and hot pressing method comprises the steps of heating according to the heating rate of 1-2 ℃/min, heating to 40-50 ℃, preserving heat for 10-15min, heating to 80-100 ℃ at the heating rate of 1-2 ℃/min, curing for 1h, simultaneously pressurizing, keeping the pressure at 0.1-0.3MPa, and naturally cooling after curing.
The comparative example was carried out in the same manner as in example 3 except that the reinforcing treatment with soundproof cotton was not carried out.
Comparative example 2
A preparation method of a magnesium alloy high-strength sound insulation composite board comprises the following steps of: the magnesium alloy honeycomb plate comprises (1) an outermost magnesium alloy plate, (2) middle layer soundproof cotton, (3) an innermost magnesium alloy honeycomb plate, (4) middle layer soundproof cotton, and (5) an outermost magnesium alloy plate; the preparation method comprises the following preparation steps: the preparation method comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) Plate pretreatment: cleaning the surfaces of the magnesium alloy plate and the magnesium alloy honeycomb laminate, pretreating, and naturally airing for later use;
(2) Filling sound insulation balls in the honeycomb of the magnesium alloy honeycomb plate, spraying adhesives on two sides of the magnesium alloy honeycomb plate, bonding sound insulation cotton on two sides of the magnesium alloy honeycomb plate filled with the sound insulation balls, spraying the adhesives again, and bonding the magnesium alloy plate on the outer side of the sound insulation cotton to obtain a prefabricated composite plate;
(3) And (3) carrying out temperature programming and hot pressing on the prefabricated composite board of the laminated body obtained in the step (2) to cure the binder to obtain the sound insulation composite board, and cutting for use as required during actual use.
And (2) in the step (1), the surface cleaning is to polish the surface by using fine sand paper and then clean the surface by using acetone.
The pretreatment process in the step (1) comprises the following steps: firstly, performing alkaline washing by using 50% sodium hydroxide by mass, wherein the temperature of the alkaline washing is 80 ℃, and the time of the alkaline washing is 15min; then, carrying out acid washing by using a nitric acid solution with the mass concentration of 20%, wherein the acid washing temperature is 40 ℃, and the acid washing time is 10min; and finally, using an aluminum sulfate solution with the mass concentration of 40%, adjusting the pH value to be 8-10, and soaking for 20 minutes at room temperature to finish the pretreatment process.
And (3) the sound insulation balls in the step (2) are sound insulation foam.
The adhesive in the step (2) is hot-melt epoxy resin comprising epoxy resin and curing agent in a mass ratio of 5:1, and is mixed, heated and melted for use when in use, and the using amount is 50 +/-10 g/m 2 。
The hot-melt epoxy resin is bisphenol A epoxy resin; the curing agent is dicyandiamide.
The soundproof cotton in the step (2) is used after being subjected to strengthening treatment, and the specific process comprises the following steps: uniformly coating alkaline silica sol on the surface of soundproof cotton, wherein the coating dosage is 200g/m 2 And fully drying after coating.
The content of silicon dioxide in the alkaline silica sol is not less than 30%, the pH value is 9.0-10.0, and the particle size is 10-20nm.
And (4) the programmed heating and hot pressing method comprises the steps of heating according to the heating rate of 1-2 ℃/min, heating to 40-50 ℃, preserving heat for 10-15min, heating to 80-100 ℃ at the heating rate of 1-2 ℃/min, curing for 1h, simultaneously pressurizing, keeping the pressure at 0.1-0.3MPa, and naturally cooling after curing.
This comparative example was conducted in the same manner as in example 3 except that only the alkali silica sol was used for the reinforcing treatment of the soundproof cotton.
Comparative example 3
A preparation method of a magnesium alloy high-strength sound insulation composite board comprises the following steps of: the magnesium alloy honeycomb plate comprises (1) an outermost magnesium alloy plate, (2) middle layer soundproof cotton, (3) an innermost magnesium alloy honeycomb plate, (4) middle layer soundproof cotton, and (5) an outermost magnesium alloy plate; the preparation method comprises the following preparation steps: the preparation method comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) Plate pretreatment: cleaning the surfaces of the magnesium alloy plate and the magnesium alloy honeycomb laminate, pretreating, and naturally airing for later use;
(2) Filling sound insulation balls in the honeycomb of the magnesium alloy honeycomb plate, spraying adhesives on two sides of the magnesium alloy honeycomb plate, bonding sound insulation cotton on two sides of the magnesium alloy honeycomb plate filled with the sound insulation balls, spraying the adhesives again, and bonding the magnesium alloy plate on the outer side of the sound insulation cotton to obtain a prefabricated composite plate;
(3) And (3) carrying out temperature programming and hot pressing on the prefabricated composite board of the laminated body obtained in the step (2), so that the binder is cured, and obtaining the sound insulation composite board, wherein the sound insulation composite board is cut for use as required in actual use.
And (2) in the step (1), the surface cleaning is to polish the surface by using fine sand paper and then clean the surface by using acetone.
The pretreatment process in the step (1) comprises the following steps: firstly, performing alkaline washing by using 50% sodium hydroxide by mass, wherein the temperature of the alkaline washing is 80 ℃, and the time of the alkaline washing is 15min; then, carrying out acid washing by using a nitric acid solution with the mass concentration of 20%, wherein the acid washing temperature is 40 ℃, and the acid washing time is 10min; and finally, using an aluminum sulfate solution with the mass concentration of 40%, adjusting the pH value to be 8-10, and soaking for 20 minutes at room temperature to finish the pretreatment process.
And (3) the sound insulation balls in the step (2) are sound insulation foam.
The adhesive in the step (2) is hot-melt epoxy resin comprising epoxy resin and curing agent in a mass ratio of 5:1, and is mixed, heated and melted for use when in use, and the dosage of the adhesive is 50 +/-10 g/m 2 。
The hot-melt epoxy resin is bisphenol A epoxy resin; the curing agent is dicyandiamide.
The soundproof cotton in the step (2) is used after being subjected to strengthening treatment, and the specific process comprises the following steps: uniformly dispersing aramid fiber and glass fiber in alkaline silica sol according to a mass ratio of 1:1, wherein the solid-liquid ratio is 1g:20mL, uniformly mixing to obtain fiber silica sol, uniformly coating the fiber silica sol on the surface of soundproof cotton, wherein the coating dosage is 200g/m 2 And fully drying after coating.
The content of silicon dioxide in the alkaline silica sol is not less than 30%, the pH value is 9.0-10.0, and the particle size is 10-20nm.
And (4) the programmed heating and hot pressing method comprises the steps of heating to 80-100 ℃ according to the heating rate of 1-2 ℃/min, curing for 1h, simultaneously pressurizing, and naturally cooling after curing, wherein the pressure is 0.1-0.3 MPa.
The preparation process of the comparative example is the same as that of example 3 except that the temperature is not maintained at 40-50 ℃ during the heating and hot pressing.
Comparative example 4
The preparation process of the comparative example is the same as that of example 3 except that the temperature is raised at a rate of 4 ℃/min during the heating and hot pressing.
Test plate Performance test
The performance of the boards obtained in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 4 of the present invention was tested, and the magnesium alloy boards used in the test groups had a thickness of 1.0mm, a thickness of 0.04mm, a height of 10mm and a thickness of 3mm. The specific test method is as follows:
the performance of the honeycomb sandwich structure test plate is tested according to the national standard, and the roller peeling performance is tested according to GB/T1457-2005 roller peeling strength test method of sandwich structure. The shear properties and flexural properties were tested according to GB/T1455-2005 "test method for shear properties of Sandwich Structure or core" and GB/T1456-2005 "test method for flexural properties of Sandwich Structure", respectively. The bonding quality of the honeycomb sandwich structure is tested according to GB/T34886-2017 laser displacement speckle detection method for nondestructive testing of composite materials. Sound insulation performance test adopts II binary channels acoustic analysis appearance test honeycomb panel sound insulation performance of SQLab in half amortization indoor, and the sound absorption coefficient: reference is made to the standard GB 50088-1985T. High-temperature stability: the examples/comparative examples were heated to 60 ℃ and held for 3 hours, and the transverse and longitudinal dimensional change rates were measured; the test results are shown in table 1:
table 1 results of performance testing
The composite board has better strength performance and sound insulation performance, the corrosion resistance of the material is improved by the pretreatment in the early stage, and in the treatment of the sound insulation cotton, the compactness of the material is greatly improved and the sound absorption and sound insulation performance of the material is enhanced due to the addition of the silica sol, the glass fiber and the aramid fiber. In contrast, the composite properties of the boards obtained in comparative example 1 without strengthening treatment, comparative example 2 without adding fibers and comparative examples 3 to 4 with the temperature programming process changed are reduced to different degrees. The modification and temperature programming process of the soundproof cotton is a key technical innovation for realizing the preparation of the high-performance magnesium alloy honeycomb plate, and the modification and temperature programming process of the soundproof cotton are matched with each other and have weak effect.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only some of the preferred modes for implementing the invention, and not all of them. Obviously, all other embodiments obtained by persons skilled in the art based on the above embodiments of the present invention without making creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The preparation method of the magnesium alloy high-strength sound insulation composite board is characterized in that the composite board is divided into five layers from top to bottom, wherein the five layers are respectively as follows: the magnesium alloy honeycomb plate comprises (1) an outermost magnesium alloy plate, (2) middle layer soundproof cotton, (3) an innermost magnesium alloy honeycomb plate, (4) middle layer soundproof cotton, and (5) an outermost magnesium alloy plate; the preparation method comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) Plate pretreatment: cleaning the surfaces of the magnesium alloy plate and the magnesium alloy honeycomb plate, pretreating, and naturally airing for later use;
(2) Filling sound insulation balls in the honeycomb of the magnesium alloy honeycomb plate, spraying adhesives on two sides of the magnesium alloy honeycomb plate, bonding sound insulation cotton on two sides of the magnesium alloy honeycomb plate filled with the sound insulation balls, spraying the adhesives again, and bonding the magnesium alloy plate on the outer side of the sound insulation cotton to obtain a prefabricated composite plate;
(3) And (3) carrying out temperature programming and hot pressing on the prefabricated composite board of the laminated body obtained in the step (2), so that the binder is cured, and obtaining the magnesium alloy high-strength sound insulation composite board, wherein the magnesium alloy high-strength sound insulation composite board is cut for use as required during actual use.
2. The method for preparing a magnesium alloy high-strength soundproof composite sheet according to claim 1, wherein the surface cleaning in the step (1) is performed by polishing the surface with fine sand paper and washing with acetone.
3. The preparation method of the magnesium alloy high-strength soundproof composite board according to claim 1, wherein the pretreatment process of the step (1) is: firstly, performing alkali washing by using 30-50% of sodium hydroxide by mass concentration, wherein the temperature of the alkali washing is 60-80 ℃, and the time of the alkali washing is 10-15min; then, carrying out acid washing by using a nitric acid solution with the mass concentration of 10-20%, wherein the acid washing temperature is 20-40 ℃, and the acid washing time is 5-10min; and finally, using an aluminum sulfate solution with the mass concentration of 20-40%, adjusting the pH value to 8-10, soaking for 15-20 minutes at room temperature, taking out and drying to finish the pretreatment process.
4. The method for preparing a magnesium alloy high-strength soundproof composite board according to claim 1, wherein the soundproof balls in the step (2) are soundproof foam or soundproof cotton.
5. The preparation method of the magnesium alloy high-strength soundproof composite board according to claim 1, wherein the adhesive in the step (2) is a hot-melt epoxy resin comprising an epoxy resin and a curing agent in a mass ratio of 4-5:1, and is mixed, heated and melted for use in an amount of 50 ± 10g/m 2 。
6. The preparation method of the magnesium alloy high-strength soundproof composite board according to claim 1, wherein the soundproof cotton in the step (2) is used after being subjected to strengthening treatment, and the specific process is as follows: uniformly dispersing aramid fiber and glass fiber in alkaline silica sol according to the mass ratio of 1:1, wherein the solid-to-liquid ratio is 1g:15-20mL, uniformly mixing to obtain fiber silica sol, uniformly coating the fiber silica sol on the surface of soundproof cotton, wherein the coating dosage is 100-200g/m 2 And fully drying after coating.
7. The method for preparing the magnesium alloy high-strength soundproof composite board according to claim 6, wherein the alkaline silica sol has a silica content of not less than 30%, a pH of 9.0 to 10.0, and a particle diameter of 10 to 20nm.
8. The preparation method of the magnesium alloy high-strength soundproof composite board according to claim 1, wherein the temperature-programmed hot-pressing method of step (4) is heating at a heating rate of 1-2 ℃/min to 40-50 ℃ for 10-15min, heating at a heating rate of 1-2 ℃/min to 80-100 ℃ for curing for 1h, and simultaneously pressurizing at a pressure of 0.1-0.3MPa, and naturally cooling after curing.
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Effective date of registration: 20231121 Address after: 276000 500 meters west of Baibu Village, Dongmeng Town, Fei County, Linyi City, Shandong Province Patentee after: Shandong Tianmagnesium New Materials Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 276000 500 meters west of Baibu Village, Dongmeng Town, Fei County, Linyi City, Shandong Province Patentee before: Shandong Tianyuan Heavy Industry Co.,Ltd. |