WO2022088715A1 - Board having flame retardant surface - Google Patents

Board having flame retardant surface Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022088715A1
WO2022088715A1 PCT/CN2021/102364 CN2021102364W WO2022088715A1 WO 2022088715 A1 WO2022088715 A1 WO 2022088715A1 CN 2021102364 W CN2021102364 W CN 2021102364W WO 2022088715 A1 WO2022088715 A1 WO 2022088715A1
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Prior art keywords
flame retardant
board
glue
board according
formaldehyde resin
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PCT/CN2021/102364
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
彭钦泊
彭志军
杨光耀
彭少刚
温霄艳
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石家庄华杰木业有限公司
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Application filed by 石家庄华杰木业有限公司 filed Critical 石家庄华杰木业有限公司
Publication of WO2022088715A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022088715A1/en
Priority to ZA2022/09621A priority Critical patent/ZA202209621B/en

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J161/00—Adhesives based on condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09J161/20—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with only compounds containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen
    • C09J161/26—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with only compounds containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen of aldehydes with heterocyclic compounds
    • C09J161/28—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with only compounds containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen of aldehydes with heterocyclic compounds with melamine
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27D—WORKING VENEER OR PLYWOOD
    • B27D1/00—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring
    • B27D1/04—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring to produce plywood or articles made therefrom; Plywood sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27D—WORKING VENEER OR PLYWOOD
    • B27D1/00—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring
    • B27D1/04—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring to produce plywood or articles made therefrom; Plywood sheets
    • B27D1/08—Manufacture of shaped articles; Presses specially designed therefor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J11/00—Features of adhesives not provided for in group C09J9/00, e.g. additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J11/00—Features of adhesives not provided for in group C09J9/00, e.g. additives
    • C09J11/08—Macromolecular additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J161/00—Adhesives based on condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09J161/20—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with only compounds containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen
    • C09J161/22—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with only compounds containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen of aldehydes with acyclic or carbocyclic compounds
    • C09J161/24—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with only compounds containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen of aldehydes with acyclic or carbocyclic compounds with urea or thiourea
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2201/00—Properties
    • C08L2201/02—Flame or fire retardant/resistant
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of plate manufacturing, in particular to a surface flame retardant plate.
  • Flame retardant board also known as flame retardant board, flame retardant plywood, flame retardant plywood, etc., is a three-layer or multi-layer plywood that is made of wood chips after flame retardant treatment and then glued with adhesive. Flame retardant boards are widely used in building materials, furniture manufacturing and other fields because of their good mechanical properties and flame retardant properties. Easy to absorb moisture, frost and other problems.
  • the Chinese invention patent with publication number CN108164874A discloses "a flame retardant sheet and its preparation method".
  • the invention consists of 20-25 parts of fly ash, 30-40 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 20-30 parts of calcium powder, and stabilizer. 3-5 parts, plasticizer 2-10 parts, antioxidant 1-3 parts, stearic acid compound 3-5 parts, foaming agent 0.4-0.6 parts, foaming regulator 2-4 parts and flame retardant 1-5 parts are used as raw materials, and each raw material is sequentially subjected to hot mixing, cold mixing, granulation and extrusion to obtain a flame retardant board.
  • the flame retardant board provided by the invention has high flame retardant performance (the combustion performance reaches the B 1 level specified in GB8624-2012 "Classification of the Combustion Performance of Building Materials and Products")
  • the invention is only limited to the production of ecological boards, and the application range is relatively small. It is small and the preparation process is more complicated.
  • the Chinese invention patent with publication number CN108908535A discloses "a production method of flame retardant board", which includes the following steps: (1) selection of raw materials; (2) rotary cutting; (3) configuration of flame retardant solution; (4) high temperature cooking ; (5) Natural air cooling; (6) Core board grading, the first-level board is rolled for standby; (7) The second-level board and the third-level board are repaired; (8) The glue is applied, and the front and back sides of the second-level board are smeared After gluing, the surface is respectively bonded with polymer flame retardant fiber layers; (9) One-time lamination: Lay the secondary board and the tertiary board at intervals, and then lay the primary board as a panel on the top and bottom layers, and then use (10) spray a layer of reinforced glass fiber layer on the surface of the laminated multi-layer flame-retardant board for surface coating; (11) lay a decorative layer on the front of the multi-layer flame-retardant board for hot pressing .
  • the invention adopts
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a surface flame retardant board to solve the problems of the existing flame retardant board with poor flame retardant effect, complicated preparation process, high production cost, and possible moisture absorption and frost return in the later stage of the product. .
  • a surface flame retardant board is prepared according to the following method steps:
  • the board M1 is pre-pressed until the veneer and the base material are initially bonded and the flame retardant glue does not penetrate the veneer, and then the board is aged to obtain the board M2;
  • the flame retardant glue includes: 100 parts by weight of an adhesive, 50-100 parts by weight of a flame retardant, and 15-21 parts by weight of flour.
  • the adhesive is melamine formaldehyde resin glue; or a mixture of urea formaldehyde resin glue and melamine formaldehyde resin glue, and the mass percentage content of urea formaldehyde resin glue in the mixture is less than or equal to 70%.
  • step S1 the moisture content of the substrate is 6-14%, and the substrate temperature is less than or equal to 40°C.
  • the thickness of the decorative panel is less than or equal to 60 cm.
  • step S2 the resting time is less than or equal to 50 min.
  • step S3 the preload pressure is 15-20Mpa.
  • step S3 the aging time is 0.25-4h.
  • step S4 after hot pressing, the surface of the decorative panel away from the base material needs to be affixed with impregnated adhesive film paper.
  • the flame retardant performance of the surface flame retardant board is B 1 (B) or B 1 (C) grade.
  • the present invention has both beautiful appearance and flame retardant effect (inspected according to GB8624-2012 "Classification of Combustion Performance of Building Materials and Products", the flame retardant performance reaches B 1 (B) or B 1 (C) level), and the surface resistance
  • the preparation process of the combustion board is simple, easy to operate, low in energy consumption and production cost, has a wide range of applications, and can be mass-produced.
  • the direct coating method can effectively avoid the disadvantages of the original dipping method, and the prepared surface flame-retardant board is not easy to appear.
  • the board surface is cracked, uneven, foaming during use, glue opening and other problems;
  • the flame retardant glue used in the preparation process of the present invention only includes adhesive, flame retardant, flour, and does not contain auxiliary agents such as leveling agent, anti-precipitation agent, defoaming agent, emulsifier, etc.
  • the formula is simple and the production The cost is low and the coating effect is good.
  • the surface flame-retardant board prepared by using the flame-retardant glue can achieve the effect of beautiful appearance and flame-retardant without sticking the impregnated film paper;
  • the moisture content of the base material selected in the present invention is controlled at 6-14%, and the base material temperature is less than or equal to 40°C, which helps to improve the bonding strength of the flame retardant board;
  • the thickness of the decorative panel selected in the present invention is less than or equal to 60 cm, which helps to improve the flame retardant performance of the flame retardant panel;
  • the present invention controls the standing time to be less than or equal to 50min after the decorative panel is pasted, which can prevent the flame retardant glue from being too dry and difficult to press together;
  • the present invention controls the pre-pressing pressure to be 15-20Mpa, so that the decorative panel and the base material are fully attached, and the air sandwiched between the panels can be better discharged to prevent the flame retardant panel from foaming in the later stage;
  • the aging time of the present invention is 0.25-4h, which effectively prevents the veneer from breaking due to direct hot pressing when the flame retardant glue is too wet, and also effectively prevents the flame retardant glue from being too dry and unable to bond the decoration caused by the long aging time.
  • the temperature of the hot pressing of the present invention is 80-150°C, the time is ⁇ 20s, and the pressure is 8-20Mpa. Under this condition, the decorative panel and the substrate can be better bonded together, effectively avoiding There are problems such as cracking of the decorative panel due to excessive temperature, thinning of the board due to excessive pressure, too low temperature / too short time / too small pressure and inability to stick;
  • the impregnated adhesive film paper pasted in the present invention can modify the wave pattern that appears after pasting the veneer, and the prepared surface flame retardant board has various colors, wear resistance, easy cleaning, and flame retardant effect according to GB8624-2012 "Building Materials and Product combustion performance classification" test, the combustion performance reaches B 1 (B) or B 1 (C) level.
  • the present invention uses flame retardant glue (including adhesive, flame retardant, flour), base material, and decorative panel as main raw materials, and is prepared through the steps of gluing, pre-pressing, hot pressing, etc.
  • the combustible board is not prone to problems such as cracking, unevenness, foaming, and opening of the board, and has both aesthetics and flame retardant effects (according to GB8624-2012 "Classification of Combustion Performance of Building Materials and Products", the flame retardant performance reaches B 1 (B ) or B 1 (C) level), the preparation process of the surface flame retardant board is simple, easy to operate, low in energy consumption and production cost, wide in scope, and can be mass-produced.
  • the present invention is suitable for furniture manufacturing, construction and decoration materials.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the surface flame retardant board obtained in Example 1 of the present invention.
  • Example 1 A surface flame retardant board
  • This embodiment is a surface flame retardant board, which is prepared in the following order of steps:
  • the base material 1 (the base material 1 is an ecological board, the moisture content is 8%, and the temperature of the base material 1 is 30° C.) on the glue applicator, and the surface of the base material 1 is coated on both sides with a screw rubber roller to form an upper
  • the surface flame retardant adhesive layer 21 and the lower surface flame retardant adhesive layer 22, the coating amount is 160g/m 2 ;
  • Embodiments 2-10 are respectively a surface flame retardant board, and the operation steps of their preparation method are basically the same as those of embodiment 1, and the difference is only that the specific parameters are different, as shown in the following table:
  • Example 11 A surface flame retardant board
  • This example is a surface flame retardant board, and the operation steps of its preparation method are basically the same as those of Example 1, the difference is only that in step S4. of "3) preparing flame retardant board", after hot pressing for 5 min, Continue to stick the impregnated film paper on the surface of the board to obtain a surface flame retardant board, which is marked as N1'.
  • Example 12 A surface flame retardant board
  • This embodiment is a surface flame retardant board, and the operation steps of its preparation method are basically the same as those of Example 1, the only difference is that in step S1.
  • the surface of the substrate was single-sided coated and marked as N1-B.
  • This comparative example is a surface flame retardant board, which is prepared in the following order of steps:
  • the base material is an ecological board, the moisture content is 8%, and the base material temperature is 30°C
  • the amount of glue applied is 160g/m 2 ;
  • the hot pressing temperature is 110° C.
  • the hot pressing pressure is 15 MPa
  • the hot pressing time is 5 minutes, that is, a surface flame retardant board is obtained, which is marked as ND1.
  • This comparative example is a surface flame retardant board, which is prepared in the following order of steps:
  • the base material is an ecological board, the moisture content is 8%, and the base material temperature is 30°C
  • the amount of glue applied is 160g/m 2 ;
  • the hot pressing temperature is 110°C
  • the hot pressing pressure is 15 MPa
  • the hot pressing time is 5 minutes, that is, the surface flame retardant board is obtained, which is marked as ND2.
  • This comparative example is a surface flame retardant board, which is prepared in the following order of steps:
  • the base material is an ecological board with a moisture content of 8% and a base material temperature of 30°C
  • the amount of glue is 100g/m 2 ;
  • the hot pressing temperature is 110°C
  • the hot pressing pressure is 15 MPa
  • the hot pressing time is 5 minutes, that is, a surface flame retardant board is obtained, which is marked as ND3.
  • This comparative example is a surface flame retardant board, which is prepared in the following order of steps:
  • the base material is an ecological board, the moisture content is 8%, and the base material temperature is 30°C
  • the amount of glue applied is 160g/m 2 ;
  • the hot pressing temperature is 185°C
  • the hot pressing pressure is 25 MPa
  • the hot pressing time is 5 minutes, that is, a surface flame retardant board is obtained, which is marked as ND4.
  • the flame retardant properties of the flame retardant boards N1-N10, N1', N1-B, ND2-ND4 all reach the B 1 (B) or B 1 (C) level, and only ND1 is B 2 ( D) grade.
  • the preparation process of the flame-retardant boards N1 and ND1 is basically the same, the only difference is that the proportion of the adhesive used in ND1 has changed (including 95kg of urea-formaldehyde resin glue, 5kg of melamine-formaldehyde resin glue), resulting in the flame retardant performance of N1.
  • B1B grade while the flame retardant performance of ND1 is B 2 (D); the preparation process of flame retardant boards N1 and ND2 is basically the same, the only difference is that ND2 reduces the amount of flame retardant added (to 40kg), resulting in N1
  • the flame retardant performance of ND2 is B 1 (B) grade, while ND2 is B 1 (C) grade, and ND2 produces more smoke (see Table 3 for details), and the total heat release in 600 seconds THR 600 is 14.9MJ, close to The highest upper limit value of B 1 (C); the preparation process of flame retardant boards N1 and ND3 is basically the same, the only difference is that ND3 reduces the amount of flame retardant glue (100g/m 2 ), resulting in the resistance of N1.
  • the flammability performance is B 1 (B) grade, while ND3 is B 1 (C) grade.
  • the flame retardant board is not well glued; the preparation process of flame retardant boards N1 and ND3 is basically the same, the difference is The only difference is that ND3 adopts higher hot - pressing temperature and pressure (hot-pressing temperature is 185 °C, hot-pressing pressure is 25 MPa). The temperature and pressure are too high, and the veneer skin of the flame retardant board is broken.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
  • Veneer Processing And Manufacture Of Plywood (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

A board having a flame retardant surface, which uses a flame retardant adhesive, a substrate, and a veneer board as main raw materials, and is made via steps such as gluing, pre-pressing, and hot pressing, and the flame retardant adhesive comprises an adhesive, a flame retardant, and flour. A preparation process for the board having a flame retardant surface is simple in technique, is easy to operate, has relatively low energy consumption and production costs, and may be used for batch production, a flame retardancy property does not cause problems such as dampening, board surface splitting, unevenness, bubbling, or adhesion failure, various physiochemical properties of the substrate are not affected, and said board is suitable as a material for furniture manufacturing, building, and decoration.

Description

一种表面阻燃板A surface flame retardant board 技术领域technical field
本发明属于板材制造领域，具体地说是一种表面阻燃板。The invention belongs to the field of plate manufacturing, in particular to a surface flame retardant plate.
背景技术Background technique
阻燃板，又称难燃板、阻燃胶合板、难燃胶合板等，是对木片进行阻燃处理后再用胶粘剂胶合而成的三层或多层的胶合板。阻燃板因其良好的力学性能、阻燃性能，被广泛应用到建筑材料、家具制造等领域，但现有的阻燃板存在阻燃效果欠佳、制备过程复杂、生产成本较高、后期易吸湿、返霜等问题。Flame retardant board, also known as flame retardant board, flame retardant plywood, flame retardant plywood, etc., is a three-layer or multi-layer plywood that is made of wood chips after flame retardant treatment and then glued with adhesive. Flame retardant boards are widely used in building materials, furniture manufacturing and other fields because of their good mechanical properties and flame retardant properties. Easy to absorb moisture, frost and other problems.
公开号为CN108164874A的中国发明专利公开了“一种阻燃板材及其制备方法”，该发明以粉煤灰20-25份、聚氯乙烯30-40份、钙粉20-30份、稳定剂3-5份、增塑剂2-10份、抗氧化剂1-3份、硬脂酸类化合物3-5份、发泡剂0.4-0.6份、发泡调节剂2-4份和阻燃剂1-5份为原料，将各原料依次经热混、冷混、造粒和挤出，得到阻燃板材。虽然该发明提供的阻燃板材阻燃性能较高(燃烧性能达到了GB8624-2012《建筑材料及制品燃烧性能分级》中规定的B 1级)，但该发明仅限于生产生态板，应用范围较小且制备过程较为复杂。 The Chinese invention patent with publication number CN108164874A discloses "a flame retardant sheet and its preparation method". The invention consists of 20-25 parts of fly ash, 30-40 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 20-30 parts of calcium powder, and stabilizer. 3-5 parts, plasticizer 2-10 parts, antioxidant 1-3 parts, stearic acid compound 3-5 parts, foaming agent 0.4-0.6 parts, foaming regulator 2-4 parts and flame retardant 1-5 parts are used as raw materials, and each raw material is sequentially subjected to hot mixing, cold mixing, granulation and extrusion to obtain a flame retardant board. Although the flame retardant board provided by the invention has high flame retardant performance (the combustion performance reaches the B 1 level specified in GB8624-2012 "Classification of the Combustion Performance of Building Materials and Products"), the invention is only limited to the production of ecological boards, and the application range is relatively small. It is small and the preparation process is more complicated.
公开号为CN108908535A的中国发明专利公开了“一种阻燃板的生产方法”，包括以下步骤：(1)原材料选择；(2)旋切；(3)配置阻燃溶液；(4)高温蒸煮；(5)自然风冷；(6)芯板分级,一级板卷困备用；(7)二级板和三级板修补处理；(8)涂胶，对二级板正反两面进行涂抹涂胶后表面分别粘接高分子阻燃纤维层；(9)一次压合：将二级板、三级板间隔铺层，然后将一级板作为面板铺设在最上层和最下层，然后利用冷压机进行压合；(10)将压合好的多层阻燃板表面喷涂一层增强型玻纤层进行表面包覆；(11)在多层阻燃板的正面铺设装饰层热压。该发明采用阻燃剂浸渍木 材的方法，不仅阻燃处理工序繁琐，而且产品后期可能会出现吸湿、返霜、影响二次加工性能等问题。The Chinese invention patent with publication number CN108908535A discloses "a production method of flame retardant board", which includes the following steps: (1) selection of raw materials; (2) rotary cutting; (3) configuration of flame retardant solution; (4) high temperature cooking ; (5) Natural air cooling; (6) Core board grading, the first-level board is rolled for standby; (7) The second-level board and the third-level board are repaired; (8) The glue is applied, and the front and back sides of the second-level board are smeared After gluing, the surface is respectively bonded with polymer flame retardant fiber layers; (9) One-time lamination: Lay the secondary board and the tertiary board at intervals, and then lay the primary board as a panel on the top and bottom layers, and then use (10) spray a layer of reinforced glass fiber layer on the surface of the laminated multi-layer flame-retardant board for surface coating; (11) lay a decorative layer on the front of the multi-layer flame-retardant board for hot pressing . The invention adopts the method of impregnating wood with flame retardant, not only the flame retardant treatment process is cumbersome, but also problems such as moisture absorption, frost return and secondary processing performance may occur in the later stage of the product.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明的目的，是要提供一种表面阻燃板，以解决现有的阻燃板存在阻燃效果欠佳、制备过程复杂、生产成本较高、产品后期可能会出现吸湿、返霜的问题。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a surface flame retardant board to solve the problems of the existing flame retardant board with poor flame retardant effect, complicated preparation process, high production cost, and possible moisture absorption and frost return in the later stage of the product. .
为实现上述目的，本发明所采用的技术方案如下：For achieving the above object, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is as follows:
一种表面阻燃板，按照如下方法步骤顺序进行制得：A surface flame retardant board is prepared according to the following method steps:
S1.将阻燃胶涂布于基材表面，形成阻燃胶层，控制涂胶量为150-334g/m 2； S1. Coat the flame retardant glue on the surface of the substrate to form a flame retardant glue layer, and control the amount of glue to be 150-334g/m 2 ;
S2.在阻燃胶层远离基材的表面贴覆饰面板，静置，得板材M1；S2. Paste the decorative panel on the surface of the flame retardant adhesive layer away from the base material, and let it stand to obtain the plate M1;
S3.板材M1预压至饰面板与基材初步粘合且阻燃胶未渗透饰面板后，陈放，得板材M2；S3. The board M1 is pre-pressed until the veneer and the base material are initially bonded and the flame retardant glue does not penetrate the veneer, and then the board is aged to obtain the board M2;
S4.对板材M2于温度80-150℃、压力8-20Mpa热压20s以上，即得所述的一种表面阻燃板。S4. Hot pressing the plate M2 at a temperature of 80-150° C. and a pressure of 8-20 Mpa for more than 20 s to obtain the surface flame retardant plate.
作为本发明的一种限定，步骤S1中，所述阻燃胶包括：胶黏剂100重量份、阻燃剂50-100重量份和面粉15-21重量份。As a limitation of the present invention, in step S1, the flame retardant glue includes: 100 parts by weight of an adhesive, 50-100 parts by weight of a flame retardant, and 15-21 parts by weight of flour.
作为本发明的进一步限定，所述胶黏剂为三聚氰胺甲醛树脂胶；或为脲醛树脂胶和三聚氰胺甲醛树脂胶的混合物，所述混合物中脲醛树脂胶的质量百分含量≤70％。As a further limitation of the present invention, the adhesive is melamine formaldehyde resin glue; or a mixture of urea formaldehyde resin glue and melamine formaldehyde resin glue, and the mass percentage content of urea formaldehyde resin glue in the mixture is less than or equal to 70%.
作为本发明的另一种限定，步骤S1中，所述基材含水率为6-14％，基材温度≤40℃。As another limitation of the present invention, in step S1, the moisture content of the substrate is 6-14%, and the substrate temperature is less than or equal to 40°C.
作为本发明的第三种限定，步骤S2中，所述饰面板厚度≤60cmm。As a third limitation of the present invention, in step S2, the thickness of the decorative panel is less than or equal to 60 cm.
作为本发明的第四种限定，步骤S2中，所述静置时间≤50min。As a fourth limitation of the present invention, in step S2, the resting time is less than or equal to 50 min.
作为本发明的第五种限定，步骤S3中，预压压力为15-20Mpa。As a fifth limitation of the present invention, in step S3, the preload pressure is 15-20Mpa.
作为本发明的第六种限定，步骤S3中，所述陈放时间为0.25-4h。As a sixth limitation of the present invention, in step S3, the aging time is 0.25-4h.
作为本发明的第七种限定，步骤S4.中，热压后，所述饰面板远离基材的表面还需贴浸渍胶膜纸。As the seventh limitation of the present invention, in step S4., after hot pressing, the surface of the decorative panel away from the base material needs to be affixed with impregnated adhesive film paper.
作为本发明的第八种限定，所述表面阻燃板的阻燃性能为B 1(B)或B 1(C)级。 As the eighth limitation of the present invention, the flame retardant performance of the surface flame retardant board is B 1 (B) or B 1 (C) grade.
由于采用了上述的技术方案，本发明与现有技术相比，所取得的技术进步在于：Owing to adopting the above-mentioned technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the technical progress achieved in the present invention is:
(1)本发明兼具美观与阻燃效果(按GB8624-2012《建筑材料及制品燃烧性能分级》检验，阻燃性能达到B 1(B)或B 1(C)级)，且该表面阻燃板的制备过程工艺简单、易于操作、能耗和生产成本较低、适用范围广、可批量生产，采用直接涂布法可有效避免原有浸渍法的弊端，制备的表面阻燃板不易出现板面破裂、不平整、使用过程中起泡、开胶等问题； (1) The present invention has both beautiful appearance and flame retardant effect (inspected according to GB8624-2012 "Classification of Combustion Performance of Building Materials and Products", the flame retardant performance reaches B 1 (B) or B 1 (C) level), and the surface resistance The preparation process of the combustion board is simple, easy to operate, low in energy consumption and production cost, has a wide range of applications, and can be mass-produced. The direct coating method can effectively avoid the disadvantages of the original dipping method, and the prepared surface flame-retardant board is not easy to appear. The board surface is cracked, uneven, foaming during use, glue opening and other problems;
(2)本发明在制备过程中使用的阻燃胶仅包括胶黏剂、阻燃剂、面粉，不含流平剂、抗沉淀剂、消泡剂、乳化剂等助剂，配方简单、生产成本低、而且涂布效果良好，采用该阻燃胶制备的表面阻燃板，无需再贴浸渍胶膜纸，即可达到美观和阻燃的效果；(2) The flame retardant glue used in the preparation process of the present invention only includes adhesive, flame retardant, flour, and does not contain auxiliary agents such as leveling agent, anti-precipitation agent, defoaming agent, emulsifier, etc. The formula is simple and the production The cost is low and the coating effect is good. The surface flame-retardant board prepared by using the flame-retardant glue can achieve the effect of beautiful appearance and flame-retardant without sticking the impregnated film paper;
(3)本发明选用的基材含水率控制在6-14％，基材温度≤40℃，有助于提高阻燃板的胶合强度；(3) The moisture content of the base material selected in the present invention is controlled at 6-14%, and the base material temperature is less than or equal to 40°C, which helps to improve the bonding strength of the flame retardant board;
(4)本发明选用的饰面板厚度≤60cmm，有助于提高阻燃板的阻燃性能；(4) The thickness of the decorative panel selected in the present invention is less than or equal to 60 cm, which helps to improve the flame retardant performance of the flame retardant panel;
(5)本发明在贴覆饰面板后控制静置时间≤50min，可防止阻燃胶过干，难以压合；(5) The present invention controls the standing time to be less than or equal to 50min after the decorative panel is pasted, which can prevent the flame retardant glue from being too dry and difficult to press together;
(6)本发明控制预压压力为15-20Mpa，使饰面板与基材充分地贴合，更好地排出夹在板间的空气，防止阻燃板后期起泡；(6) The present invention controls the pre-pressing pressure to be 15-20Mpa, so that the decorative panel and the base material are fully attached, and the air sandwiched between the panels can be better discharged to prevent the flame retardant panel from foaming in the later stage;
(7)本发明的陈放时间为0.25-4h，有效预防了阻燃胶太湿时直接进行热压导致饰面板破裂，也有效预防了陈放时间过长导致的阻燃胶过干无法粘合饰面板与基材；(7) The aging time of the present invention is 0.25-4h, which effectively prevents the veneer from breaking due to direct hot pressing when the flame retardant glue is too wet, and also effectively prevents the flame retardant glue from being too dry and unable to bond the decoration caused by the long aging time. Panels and substrates;
(8)本发明的热压的温度为80-150℃、时间≥20s、压力为8-20Mpa，在这个条件下可以更好的将饰面板与基材更好的粘合在一起，有效避免了出现温度过高饰面板破裂、压力过大板材变薄、温度过低/时间过短/压力过小粘不住的问题；(8) The temperature of the hot pressing of the present invention is 80-150°C, the time is ≥20s, and the pressure is 8-20Mpa. Under this condition, the decorative panel and the substrate can be better bonded together, effectively avoiding There are problems such as cracking of the decorative panel due to excessive temperature, thinning of the board due to excessive pressure, too low temperature / too short time / too small pressure and inability to stick;
(9)本发明贴的浸渍胶膜纸可以修饰贴好饰面板后出现的波浪纹现象，制备的表面阻燃板花色繁多、耐磨、易清洁、阻燃效果按GB8624-2012《建筑材料及制品燃烧性能分级》检验，燃烧性能达到B 1(B)或B 1(C)级。 (9) The impregnated adhesive film paper pasted in the present invention can modify the wave pattern that appears after pasting the veneer, and the prepared surface flame retardant board has various colors, wear resistance, easy cleaning, and flame retardant effect according to GB8624-2012 "Building Materials and Product combustion performance classification" test, the combustion performance reaches B 1 (B) or B 1 (C) level.
综上所述，本发明以阻燃胶(包括胶黏剂、阻燃剂、面粉)、基材、饰面板为主要原材料，经涂胶、预压、热压等步骤制得，该表面阻燃板不易出现板面破裂、不平整、起泡、开胶等问题，且兼具美观与阻燃效果(按GB8624-2012《建筑材料及制品燃烧性能分级》检验，阻燃性能达到B 1(B)或B 1(C)级)，该表面阻燃板的制备过程工艺简单、易于操作、能耗和生产成本较低、适用范围广、可批量生产。 To sum up, the present invention uses flame retardant glue (including adhesive, flame retardant, flour), base material, and decorative panel as main raw materials, and is prepared through the steps of gluing, pre-pressing, hot pressing, etc. The combustible board is not prone to problems such as cracking, unevenness, foaming, and opening of the board, and has both aesthetics and flame retardant effects (according to GB8624-2012 "Classification of Combustion Performance of Building Materials and Products", the flame retardant performance reaches B 1 (B ) or B 1 (C) level), the preparation process of the surface flame retardant board is simple, easy to operate, low in energy consumption and production cost, wide in scope, and can be mass-produced.
本发明适用于家具制造、建筑与装饰材料。The present invention is suitable for furniture manufacturing, construction and decoration materials.
下面结合附图及具体实施例对本发明作更进一步详细说明。The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明实施例1所得表面阻燃板的结构示意图。FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the surface flame retardant board obtained in Example 1 of the present invention.
图中：1、基材；21、上表面阻燃胶层；22、下表面阻燃胶层；31、上表面饰面板层；32、下表面饰面板层。In the figure: 1. Base material; 21. Fire-retardant adhesive layer on the upper surface; 22. Fire-retardant adhesive layer on the lower surface; 31. Decorative panel layer on the upper surface;
具体实施方式Detailed ways
以下具体实施例对本发明作进一步的阐述，但不作为对本发明的限定。The following specific examples further illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention.
实施例1 一种表面阻燃板Example 1 A surface flame retardant board
本实施例是一种表面阻燃板，它按照以下步骤顺序制得：This embodiment is a surface flame retardant board, which is prepared in the following order of steps:
一)称取配料1) Weigh the ingredients
分别称取100kg胶黏剂(包括70kg脲醛树脂胶，30kg三聚氰胺甲醛树脂胶)、75kg阻燃剂(购自保定瑞塔新材料科技有限公司)、19kg面粉；Weigh 100kg of adhesive (including 70kg of urea-formaldehyde resin glue, 30kg of melamine-formaldehyde resin glue), 75kg of flame retardant (purchased from Baoding Ruita New Material Technology Co., Ltd.), and 19kg of flour respectively;
二)制备阻燃胶2) Preparation of flame retardant glue
a.将70kg脲醛树脂胶和30kg三聚氰胺甲醛树脂胶置于搅拌机中，搅拌均匀；a. Put 70kg of urea-formaldehyde resin glue and 30kg of melamine-formaldehyde resin glue in a mixer and stir evenly;
b.在搅拌情况下，陆续加入75kg阻燃剂，搅拌均匀；b. Under stirring condition, add 75kg of flame retardant one after another and stir evenly;
c.在搅拌情况下，陆续加入19kg面粉，搅拌均匀；c. Under stirring, add 19kg of flour one after another and stir well;
d.静置30min，即得用于基材表面的阻燃胶。d. Let it stand for 30 minutes to obtain the flame retardant adhesive for the surface of the substrate.
三)制备表面阻燃板(所得表面阻燃板的结构示意图如附图1所示)3) Preparation of surface flame retardant board (the structural schematic diagram of the obtained surface flame retardant board is shown in accompanying drawing 1)
S1.将基材1(基材1为生态板，含水率8％，基材1温度30℃)平置于涂胶机上，采用螺纹胶辊对基材1表面进行双面涂布，形成上表面阻燃胶层21和下表面阻燃胶层22，涂胶量为160g/m 2； S1. Place the base material 1 (the base material 1 is an ecological board, the moisture content is 8%, and the temperature of the base material 1 is 30° C.) on the glue applicator, and the surface of the base material 1 is coated on both sides with a screw rubber roller to form an upper The surface flame retardant adhesive layer 21 and the lower surface flame retardant adhesive layer 22, the coating amount is 160g/m 2 ;
S2.将饰面板(厚度20cmm)覆在上表面阻燃胶层21和下表面阻燃胶层22远离基材的表面上，形成上表面饰面板层31和下表面饰面板层32，静置20min，得板材M1 1； S2. Cover the veneer (thickness 20cmm) on the surfaces of the upper surface flame retardant adhesive layer 21 and the lower surface flame retardant adhesive layer 22 away from the base material to form the upper surface veneer layer 31 and the lower surface veneer layer 32, and let stand 20min, get plate M1 1 ;
S3.然后将板材M1 1置于冷压机上进行预压，使板材与饰面板充分粘合，预压压力为16兆帕，预压时间为10min，陈放0.25h，得板材M2 1； S3. then place the plate M1 1 on the cold press for pre-pressing, so that the plate and the veneer are fully bonded, the pre-pressing pressure is 16 MPa, the pre-pressing time is 10min, and it is aged for 0.25h to obtain the plate M2 1 ;
S4.对板材M2 1进行热压，热压温度为110℃，热压压力为15兆帕，热压时间为5min，即得表面阻燃板，标记为N1。 S4. Hot pressing the plate M2 1 , the hot pressing temperature is 110°C, the hot pressing pressure is 15 MPa, and the hot pressing time is 5 min to obtain a surface flame retardant board, which is marked as N1.
实施例2-10 表面阻燃板Example 2-10 Surface flame retardant board
实施例2-10分别为一种表面阻燃板，它们的制备方法操作步骤与实施例1基本相同，不同之处仅在于具体参数不同，具体见下表：Embodiments 2-10 are respectively a surface flame retardant board, and the operation steps of their preparation method are basically the same as those of embodiment 1, and the difference is only that the specific parameters are different, as shown in the following table:
表1 实施例2-10具体参数一览表Table 1 List of specific parameters of embodiment 2-10
Figure PCTCN2021102364-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2021102364-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2021102364-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2021102364-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2021102364-appb-000003
Figure PCTCN2021102364-appb-000003
实施例11 一种表面阻燃板Example 11 A surface flame retardant board
本实施例是一种表面阻燃板，它的制备方法操作步骤与实施例1基本相同，不同之处仅在于，在“三)制备阻燃板”的S4.步骤中，热压5min后，在板材表面继续贴浸渍胶膜纸，得表面阻燃板，标记为N1’。This example is a surface flame retardant board, and the operation steps of its preparation method are basically the same as those of Example 1, the difference is only that in step S4. of "3) preparing flame retardant board", after hot pressing for 5 min, Continue to stick the impregnated film paper on the surface of the board to obtain a surface flame retardant board, which is marked as N1'.
实施例12 一种表面阻燃板Example 12 A surface flame retardant board
本实施例是一种表面阻燃板，它的制备方法操作步骤与实施例1基本相同，不同之处仅在于，在“三)制备阻燃板”的S1.步骤中，采用螺纹胶辊对基材表面进行单面涂布，标记为N1-B。This embodiment is a surface flame retardant board, and the operation steps of its preparation method are basically the same as those of Example 1, the only difference is that in step S1. The surface of the substrate was single-sided coated and marked as N1-B.
对比实施例1Comparative Example 1
本对比实施例是一种表面阻燃板，按照以下步骤顺序制得：This comparative example is a surface flame retardant board, which is prepared in the following order of steps:
一)称取配料1) Weigh the ingredients
分别称取100kg胶黏剂(包括95kg脲醛树脂胶，5kg三聚氰胺甲醛树脂胶)、75kg阻燃剂(购自保定瑞塔新材料科技有限公司)、19kg面粉；Weigh 100kg of adhesive (including 95kg of urea-formaldehyde resin glue, 5kg of melamine-formaldehyde resin glue), 75kg of flame retardant (purchased from Baoding Ruita New Material Technology Co., Ltd.), and 19kg of flour respectively;
二)制备阻燃胶2) Preparation of flame retardant glue
a.将95kg脲醛树脂胶和5kg三聚氰胺甲醛树脂胶置于搅拌机中，搅拌均匀；a. Place 95kg of urea-formaldehyde resin glue and 5kg of melamine-formaldehyde resin glue in a mixer and stir evenly;
b.在搅拌情况下，陆续加入75kg阻燃剂，搅拌均匀；b. Under stirring condition, add 75kg of flame retardant one after another and stir evenly;
c.在搅拌情况下，陆续加入19kg面粉，搅拌均匀；c. Under stirring, add 19kg of flour one after another and stir well;
d.静置30min，即得用于基材表面的阻燃胶。d. Let it stand for 30 minutes to obtain the flame retardant adhesive for the surface of the substrate.
三)制备表面阻燃板3) Preparation of surface flame retardant board
S1.将基材(基材为生态板，含水率8％，基材温度30℃)平置于涂胶机上，采用螺纹胶辊对基材表面进行双面涂布，形成阻燃胶层，涂胶量为160g/m 2； S1. Place the base material (the base material is an ecological board, the moisture content is 8%, and the base material temperature is 30°C) on the glue coating machine, and the surface of the base material is coated on both sides with a screw rubber roller to form a flame retardant glue layer. The amount of glue applied is 160g/m 2 ;
S2.将饰面板(厚度20cmm)覆在阻燃胶层远离基材的表面上，静置20min；S2. Cover the decorative panel (thickness 20cmm) on the surface of the flame retardant adhesive layer away from the substrate, and let it stand for 20min;
S3.然后置于冷压机上进行预压，使板材与饰面板充分粘合，预压压力为16兆帕，预压时间为10min，陈放0.25h；S3. Then put it on a cold press for pre-pressing, so that the board and the decorative panel are fully bonded, the pre-pressing pressure is 16 MPa, the pre-pressing time is 10min, and the aging is 0.25h;
S4.最后进行热压，热压温度为110℃，热压压力为15兆帕，热压时间为5min，即得表面阻燃板，标记为ND1。S4. Finally, perform hot pressing, the hot pressing temperature is 110° C., the hot pressing pressure is 15 MPa, and the hot pressing time is 5 minutes, that is, a surface flame retardant board is obtained, which is marked as ND1.
对比实施例2Comparative Example 2
本对比实施例是一种表面阻燃板，按照以下步骤顺序制得：This comparative example is a surface flame retardant board, which is prepared in the following order of steps:
一)称取配料1) Weigh the ingredients
分别称取100kg胶黏剂(包括70kg脲醛树脂胶，30kg三聚氰胺甲醛树脂胶)、40kg阻燃剂(购自保定瑞塔新材料科技有限公司)、19kg面粉；Weigh 100kg of adhesive (including 70kg of urea-formaldehyde resin glue, 30kg of melamine-formaldehyde resin glue), 40kg of flame retardant (purchased from Baoding Ruita New Material Technology Co., Ltd.), and 19kg of flour respectively;
二)制备阻燃胶2) Preparation of flame retardant glue
a.将70kg脲醛树脂胶和30kg三聚氰胺甲醛树脂胶置于搅拌机中，搅拌均匀；a. Put 70kg of urea-formaldehyde resin glue and 30kg of melamine-formaldehyde resin glue in a mixer and stir evenly;
b.在搅拌情况下，陆续加入40kg阻燃剂，搅拌均匀；b. Under stirring condition, add 40kg of flame retardant one after another and stir evenly;
c.在搅拌情况下，陆续加入19kg面粉，搅拌均匀；c. Under stirring, add 19kg of flour one after another and stir well;
d.静置30min，即得用于基材表面的阻燃胶。d. Let it stand for 30 minutes to obtain the flame retardant adhesive for the surface of the substrate.
三)制备表面阻燃板3) Preparation of surface flame retardant board
S1.将基材(基材为生态板，含水率8％，基材温度30℃)平置于涂胶机上，采用螺纹胶辊对基材表面进行双面涂布，形成阻燃胶层，涂胶量为160g/m 2； S1. Place the base material (the base material is an ecological board, the moisture content is 8%, and the base material temperature is 30°C) on the glue coating machine, and the surface of the base material is coated on both sides with a screw rubber roller to form a flame retardant glue layer. The amount of glue applied is 160g/m 2 ;
S2.将饰面板(厚度20cmm)覆在阻燃胶层远离基材的表面上，静置20min；S2. Cover the decorative panel (thickness 20cmm) on the surface of the flame retardant adhesive layer away from the substrate, and let it stand for 20min;
S3.然后置于冷压机上进行预压，使板材与饰面板充分粘合，预压压力为16兆帕，预压时间为10min，陈放0.25h；S3. Then put it on a cold press for pre-pressing, so that the board and the decorative panel are fully bonded, the pre-pressing pressure is 16 MPa, the pre-pressing time is 10min, and the aging is 0.25h;
S4.最后进行热压，热压温度为110℃，热压压力为15兆帕，热压时间为5min，即得表面阻燃板，标记为ND2。S4. Finally, carry out hot pressing, the hot pressing temperature is 110°C, the hot pressing pressure is 15 MPa, and the hot pressing time is 5 minutes, that is, the surface flame retardant board is obtained, which is marked as ND2.
对比实施例3Comparative Example 3
本对比实施例是一种表面阻燃板，按照以下步骤顺序制得：This comparative example is a surface flame retardant board, which is prepared in the following order of steps:
一)称取配料1) Weigh the ingredients
分别称取100kg胶黏剂(包括70kg脲醛树脂胶，30kg三聚氰胺甲醛树脂胶)、75kg阻燃剂(购自保定瑞塔新材料科技有限公司)、19kg面粉；Weigh 100kg of adhesive (including 70kg of urea-formaldehyde resin glue, 30kg of melamine-formaldehyde resin glue), 75kg of flame retardant (purchased from Baoding Ruita New Material Technology Co., Ltd.), and 19kg of flour respectively;
二)制备阻燃胶2) Preparation of flame retardant glue
a.将70kg脲醛树脂胶和30kg三聚氰胺甲醛树脂胶置于搅拌机中，搅拌均匀；a. Put 70kg of urea-formaldehyde resin glue and 30kg of melamine-formaldehyde resin glue in a mixer and stir evenly;
b.在搅拌情况下，陆续加入75kg阻燃剂，搅拌均匀；b. Under stirring condition, add 75kg of flame retardant one after another and stir evenly;
c.在搅拌情况下，陆续加入19kg面粉，搅拌均匀；c. Under stirring, add 19kg of flour one after another and stir well;
d.静置30min，即得用于基材表面的阻燃胶。d. Let it stand for 30 minutes to obtain the flame retardant adhesive for the surface of the substrate.
三)制备表面阻燃板3) Preparation of surface flame retardant board
S1.将基材(基材为生态板含水率8％，基材温度30℃)平置于涂胶机上，采用螺纹胶辊对基材表面进行双面涂布，形成阻燃胶层，涂胶量为100g/m 2； S1. Place the base material (the base material is an ecological board with a moisture content of 8% and a base material temperature of 30°C) flat on the glue coating machine, and use a screw rubber roller to coat the surface of the base material on both sides to form a flame retardant adhesive layer. The amount of glue is 100g/m 2 ;
S2.将饰面板(厚度20cmm)覆在阻燃胶层远离基材的表面上，静置20min；S2. Cover the decorative panel (thickness 20cmm) on the surface of the flame retardant adhesive layer away from the substrate, and let it stand for 20min;
S3.然后置于冷压机上进行预压，使板材与饰面板充分粘合，预压压力为16兆帕，预压时间为10min，陈放0.25h；S3. Then put it on a cold press for pre-pressing, so that the board and the decorative panel are fully bonded, the pre-pressing pressure is 16 MPa, the pre-pressing time is 10min, and the aging is 0.25h;
S4.最后进行热压，热压温度为110℃，热压压力为15兆帕，热压时间为5min，即得表面阻燃板，标记为ND3。S4. Finally, carry out hot pressing, the hot pressing temperature is 110°C, the hot pressing pressure is 15 MPa, and the hot pressing time is 5 minutes, that is, a surface flame retardant board is obtained, which is marked as ND3.
对比实施例4Comparative Example 4
本对比实施例是一种表面阻燃板，按照以下步骤顺序制得：This comparative example is a surface flame retardant board, which is prepared in the following order of steps:
一)称取配料1) Weigh the ingredients
分别称取100kg胶黏剂(包括70kg脲醛树脂胶，30kg三聚氰胺甲醛树脂胶)、75kg阻燃剂(购自保定瑞塔新材料科技有限公司)、19kg面粉；Weigh 100kg of adhesive (including 70kg of urea-formaldehyde resin glue, 30kg of melamine-formaldehyde resin glue), 75kg of flame retardant (purchased from Baoding Ruita New Material Technology Co., Ltd.), and 19kg of flour respectively;
二)制备阻燃胶2) Preparation of flame retardant glue
a.将70kg脲醛树脂胶和30kg三聚氰胺甲醛树脂胶置于搅拌机中，搅拌均匀；a. Put 70kg of urea-formaldehyde resin glue and 30kg of melamine-formaldehyde resin glue in a mixer and stir evenly;
b.在搅拌情况下，陆续加入75kg阻燃剂，搅拌均匀；b. Under stirring condition, add 75kg of flame retardant one after another and stir evenly;
c.在搅拌情况下，陆续加入19kg面粉，搅拌均匀；c. Under stirring, add 19kg of flour one after another and stir well;
d.静置30min，即得用于基材表面的阻燃胶。d. Let it stand for 30 minutes to obtain the flame retardant adhesive for the surface of the substrate.
三)制备表面阻燃板3) Preparation of surface flame retardant board
S1.将基材(基材为生态板，含水率8％，基材温度30℃)平置于涂胶机上，采用螺纹胶辊对基材表面进行双面涂布，形成阻燃胶层，涂胶量为160g/m 2； S1. Place the base material (the base material is an ecological board, the moisture content is 8%, and the base material temperature is 30°C) on the glue coating machine, and the surface of the base material is coated on both sides with a screw rubber roller to form a flame retardant glue layer. The amount of glue applied is 160g/m 2 ;
S2.将饰面板(厚度20cmm)覆在阻燃胶层远离基材的表面上，静置20min；S2. Cover the decorative panel (thickness 20cmm) on the surface of the flame retardant adhesive layer away from the substrate, and let it stand for 20min;
S3.然后置于冷压机上进行预压，使板材与饰面板充分粘合，预压压力为16兆帕，预压时间为10min，陈放0.25h；S3. Then put it on a cold press for pre-pressing, so that the board and the decorative panel are fully bonded, the pre-pressing pressure is 16 MPa, the pre-pressing time is 10min, and the aging is 0.25h;
S4.最后进行热压，热压温度为185℃，热压压力为25兆帕，热压时间为5min，即得表面阻燃板，标记为ND4。S4. Finally, perform hot pressing, the hot pressing temperature is 185°C, the hot pressing pressure is 25 MPa, and the hot pressing time is 5 minutes, that is, a surface flame retardant board is obtained, which is marked as ND4.
实施例13 表面阻燃板的性能测试Example 13 Performance test of surface flame retardant board
依据《建筑材料可燃性试验方法》(GB/T 8626-2016)、《建筑材料或制品的单体燃烧试验》(GB/T 20284-2006)、《材料产烟毒性危险分级》(GB/T 20285-2006)和《人造及饰面人造板理化性能试验方法》(GB/T 20285-2006)，对实施例1～12制备的一种表面阻燃板N1-N10、N1’、N1-B及对比实施例1～4制备的表面阻燃板ND1-ND4分别进行燃烧性能及理化性能测定，测试结果如表2-5所示：According to "Testing Methods for Flammability of Building Materials" (GB/T 8626-2016), "Single Combustion Test of Building Materials or Products" (GB/T 20284-2006), "Hazard Classification of Material Smoke-Generating Toxicity" (GB/T 20285-2006) and "Test methods for physical and chemical properties of artificial and decorative wood-based panels" (GB/T 20285-2006), for a surface flame retardant board N1-N10, N1', N1-B prepared in Examples 1-12 And the surface flame-retardant boards ND1-ND4 prepared by Comparative Examples 1-4 were respectively tested for combustion performance and physical and chemical properties, and the test results are shown in Table 2-5:
表2 阻燃板燃烧性能及其他性能测试结果一览表Table 2 List of test results of combustion performance and other performance of flame retardant panels
Figure PCTCN2021102364-appb-000004
Figure PCTCN2021102364-appb-000004
Figure PCTCN2021102364-appb-000005
Figure PCTCN2021102364-appb-000005
由表2可以看出，阻燃板N1-N10、N1’、N1-B、ND2-ND4的阻燃性能均达到了B 1(B)或B 1(C)级，仅ND1为B 2(D)级。其中，阻燃板N1和ND1的制备工艺基本相同，不同之处仅在于ND1采用的胶黏剂配方比例发生了变化(包括95kg脲醛树脂胶、5kg三聚氰胺甲醛树脂胶)，导致N1的阻燃性能为B1B级，而ND1的阻燃性能为B 2(D)；阻燃板N1和ND2的制备工艺基本相同，不同之处仅在于ND2减少了阻燃剂的添加量(为40kg)，导致N1的阻燃性能为B 1(B)级，而ND2为B 1(C)级，而且ND2的产烟量较多(详见表3)，600秒热释放总量THR 600为14.9MJ，接近B 1(C)的最高上限值；阻燃板N1和ND3的制备工艺基本相同，不同之处仅在于ND3减少了阻燃胶的涂胶量(为100g/m 2)，导致N1的阻燃性能为B 1(B)级，而ND3为B 1(C)级，此外，由于阻燃胶过少导致阻燃板胶合不佳；阻燃板N1和ND3的制备工艺基本相同，不同之处仅在于ND3采用了较高的热压温度、压力(热压温度为185℃，热压压力为25兆帕)，虽然ND2的阻燃性能达到了B 1(B)级，但是由于热压温度、压力过大，阻燃板的饰面板面皮发生了破裂。 It can be seen from Table 2 that the flame retardant properties of the flame retardant boards N1-N10, N1', N1-B, ND2-ND4 all reach the B 1 (B) or B 1 (C) level, and only ND1 is B 2 ( D) grade. Among them, the preparation process of the flame-retardant boards N1 and ND1 is basically the same, the only difference is that the proportion of the adhesive used in ND1 has changed (including 95kg of urea-formaldehyde resin glue, 5kg of melamine-formaldehyde resin glue), resulting in the flame retardant performance of N1. It is B1B grade, while the flame retardant performance of ND1 is B 2 (D); the preparation process of flame retardant boards N1 and ND2 is basically the same, the only difference is that ND2 reduces the amount of flame retardant added (to 40kg), resulting in N1 The flame retardant performance of ND2 is B 1 (B) grade, while ND2 is B 1 (C) grade, and ND2 produces more smoke (see Table 3 for details), and the total heat release in 600 seconds THR 600 is 14.9MJ, close to The highest upper limit value of B 1 (C); the preparation process of flame retardant boards N1 and ND3 is basically the same, the only difference is that ND3 reduces the amount of flame retardant glue (100g/m 2 ), resulting in the resistance of N1. The flammability performance is B 1 (B) grade, while ND3 is B 1 (C) grade. In addition, due to too little flame retardant glue, the flame retardant board is not well glued; the preparation process of flame retardant boards N1 and ND3 is basically the same, the difference is The only difference is that ND3 adopts higher hot - pressing temperature and pressure (hot-pressing temperature is 185 °C, hot-pressing pressure is 25 MPa). The temperature and pressure are too high, and the veneer skin of the flame retardant board is broken.
从表2中的数据同样可以看出，阻燃板N1-N10及N1’的理化性能(包括含水率、胶合强度及甲醛释放量)符合行业标准、外观质量良好、阻燃性能良好(仅N3为B 1(C)级，其余均为B 1(B)级)。 From the data in Table 2, it can also be seen that the physical and chemical properties (including moisture content, bonding strength and formaldehyde emission) of the flame-retardant boards N1-N10 and N1' meet the industry standards, the appearance quality is good, and the flame retardant performance is good (only N3 It is B 1 (C) grade, and the rest are B 1 (B) grade).
表3 阻燃板产烟性能测试结果一览表Table 3 List of test results of smoke production performance of flame retardant panels
Figure PCTCN2021102364-appb-000006
Figure PCTCN2021102364-appb-000006
由表3可以看出，表面阻燃板N1-N10、N1’、N1-B、ND1及ND4的产烟性能等级均达到了s1级，而ND2和ND3的产烟等级为s2级，产烟较多，危害较大，表明本发明的阻燃板能够很好地抑制燃烧过程中的产烟量，有助于降低危害。It can be seen from Table 3 that the smoke production performance grades of the surface flame retardant boards N1-N10, N1', N1-B, ND1 and ND4 all reach the s1 grade, while the smoke production grades of ND2 and ND3 are s2 grades. more, the harm is greater, indicating that the flame retardant board of the present invention can well suppress the smoke production during the combustion process, and is helpful to reduce the harm.
表4 阻燃板燃烧滴落物/微粒测试结果一览表Table 4 List of test results of burning droplets/particulates on flame retardant panels
Figure PCTCN2021102364-appb-000007
Figure PCTCN2021102364-appb-000007
Figure PCTCN2021102364-appb-000008
Figure PCTCN2021102364-appb-000008
由表4可以看出，阻燃板N1-N10、N1’、N1-B及ND1-ND4的燃烧滴落物/微粒测试等级均达到了d0级，即阻燃板单体燃烧试验过程中，600s内均无燃烧滴落物/微粒，说明本发明的阻燃板具有良好的阻燃效果，有助于降低危害。It can be seen from Table 4 that the test grades of burning droplets/particles of the flame retardant boards N1-N10, N1', N1-B and ND1-ND4 all reach the d0 level, that is, during the single flame test of the flame retardant board, There were no burning drips/particles within 600s, indicating that the flame retardant board of the present invention has a good flame retardant effect and is helpful to reduce harm.
表5 阻燃板烟气毒性等级一览表Table 5 List of smoke toxicity grades of flame retardant panels
Figure PCTCN2021102364-appb-000009
Figure PCTCN2021102364-appb-000009
Figure PCTCN2021102364-appb-000010
Figure PCTCN2021102364-appb-000010
由表5可以看出，阻燃板N1-N10、N1’、N1-B及ND1-ND4的烟气毒性等级均为t1级，说明本发明的阻燃板在燃烧过程中产生的烟气毒性较小。It can be seen from Table 5 that the smoke toxicity grades of the flame retardant boards N1-N10, N1', N1-B and ND1-ND4 are all t1, indicating the smoke toxicity of the flame retardant board of the present invention during the combustion process. smaller.
需要说明的是，以上所述仅为本实用新型的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本实用新型，尽管参照上述实施例对本实用新型进行了详细的说明，对于本领域技术人员来说，其依然可以对上述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换。凡在本实用新型的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本实用新型的保护范围之内。It should be noted that the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art will The technical solutions described in the above embodiments can still be modified, or some technical features thereof can be equivalently replaced. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

  1. 一种表面阻燃板，其特征在于，该表面阻燃板按照如下步骤顺序制得：A surface flame retardant board, characterized in that the surface flame retardant board is prepared in the following order of steps:
    S1.将阻燃胶涂布于基材表面，形成阻燃胶层，控制涂胶量为150-334g/m 2； S1. Coat the flame retardant glue on the surface of the substrate to form a flame retardant glue layer, and control the amount of glue to be 150-334g/m 2 ;
    S2.在阻燃胶层远离基材的表面贴覆饰面板，静置，得板材M1；S2. Paste the decorative panel on the surface of the flame retardant adhesive layer away from the base material, and let it stand to obtain the plate M1;
    S3.板材M1预压至饰面板与基材初步粘合且阻燃胶未渗透饰面板后，陈放，得板材M2；S3. The board M1 is pre-pressed until the veneer and the base material are initially bonded and the flame retardant glue does not penetrate the veneer, and then the board is aged to obtain the board M2;
    S4.对板材M2于温度80-150℃、压力8-20Mpa热压20s以上，即得所述的一种表面阻燃板。S4. Hot pressing the plate M2 at a temperature of 80-150° C. and a pressure of 8-20 Mpa for more than 20 s to obtain the surface flame retardant plate.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种表面阻燃板，其特征在于，步骤S1.中，所述阻燃胶的原料包括：胶黏剂100重量份、阻燃剂50-100重量份和面粉15-21重量份。A surface flame retardant board according to claim 1, wherein in step S1., the raw materials of the flame retardant glue include: 100 parts by weight of adhesive, 50-100 parts by weight of flame retardant and 15 parts by weight of flour -21 parts by weight.
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种表面阻燃板，其特征在于，所述胶黏剂为三聚氰胺甲醛树脂胶；或为脲醛树脂胶和三聚氰胺甲醛树脂胶的混合物，所述混合物中脲醛树脂胶的质量百分含量≤70％。A surface flame retardant board according to claim 2, wherein the adhesive is melamine formaldehyde resin glue; or a mixture of urea formaldehyde resin glue and melamine formaldehyde resin glue, wherein the urea formaldehyde resin glue in the mixture The mass percentage content is less than or equal to 70%.
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种表面阻燃板，其特征在于，步骤S1.中，所述基材的表面含水率为6-14％、温度≤40℃。A surface flame retardant board according to claim 1, characterized in that, in step S1., the surface moisture content of the substrate is 6-14%, and the temperature is ≤40°C.
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种表面阻燃板，其特征在于，步骤S2.中，所述饰面板的厚度≤60cmm。A surface flame retardant board according to claim 1, characterized in that, in step S2., the thickness of the decorative board is less than or equal to 60 cm.
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种表面阻燃板，其特征在于，步骤S2.中，所述静置的时间≤50min。A surface flame retardant board according to claim 1, characterized in that, in step S2., the standing time is less than or equal to 50min.
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种表面阻燃板，其特征在于，步骤S3.中，预压的压力为15-20Mpa。A surface flame retardant board according to claim 1, characterized in that, in step S3., the pre-pressing pressure is 15-20Mpa.
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的一种表面阻燃板，其特征在于，步骤S3.中，所述陈放的时间为0.25-4h。A surface flame retardant board according to claim 1, characterized in that, in step S3., the aging time is 0.25-4h.
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的一种表面阻燃板，其特征在于，步骤S4.中，热压后，所述饰面板远离基材的表面还需贴浸渍胶膜纸。A surface flame retardant board according to claim 1, characterized in that, in step S4., after hot pressing, the surface of the decorative board away from the base material needs to be affixed with impregnated adhesive film paper.
  10. 根据权利要求1-9任意一项所述的一种表面阻燃板，其特征在于，所述表面阻燃板的阻燃性能为B 1(B)或B 1(C)级。 The surface flame retardant board according to any one of claims 1-9, wherein the flame retardant performance of the surface flame retardant board is B 1 (B) or B 1 (C) grade.
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