CN115474555B - Device and method for monitoring olfactory behaviors of experimental animals - Google Patents
Device and method for monitoring olfactory behaviors of experimental animals Download PDFInfo
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- CN115474555B CN115474555B CN202211193641.4A CN202211193641A CN115474555B CN 115474555 B CN115474555 B CN 115474555B CN 202211193641 A CN202211193641 A CN 202211193641A CN 115474555 B CN115474555 B CN 115474555B
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- 238000010171 animal model Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 101
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 230000034267 olfactory behavior Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 112
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 91
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 15
- 241000699666 Mus <mouse, genus> Species 0.000 description 10
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K1/00—Housing animals; Equipment therefor
- A01K1/02—Pigsties; Dog-kennels; Rabbit-hutches or the like
- A01K1/03—Housing for domestic or laboratory animals
- A01K1/031—Cages for laboratory animals; Cages for measuring metabolism of animals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K15/00—Devices for taming animals, e.g. nose-rings or hobbles; Devices for overturning animals in general; Training or exercising equipment; Covering boxes
- A01K15/02—Training or exercising equipment, e.g. mazes or labyrinths for animals ; Electric shock devices ; Toys specially adapted for animals
- A01K15/027—Exercising equipment, e.g. tread mills, carousels
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K29/00—Other apparatus for animal husbandry
- A01K29/005—Monitoring or measuring activity, e.g. detecting heat or mating
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention provides an experimental animal olfactory behavior monitoring device and method, comprising a flexible liquid suction part which is arranged at the front end of a flexible rod component and is used for sucking experimental liquid; in the extending process of the telescopic rod of the transverse telescopic mechanism, the flexible liquid absorbing part of the flexible rod assembly penetrates through the through hole and extends out of the cage box into the cage box; during retraction of the telescopic rod of the transverse telescopic mechanism, the flexible liquid suction part of the flexible rod assembly moves from the cage box to the outside of the cage box. The method comprises the following steps: the flexible rod component transversely stretches into the cage box for the experimental animals to sniff, clean or replace the cage box. In the experimental process, the number of times and duration of sniffing of experimental animals are completely recorded without artificial observation, and the error rate of the number of times and duration of sniffing of the experimental animals can be greatly reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of experimental animal olfactory behavior experiments, and particularly relates to an experimental animal olfactory behavior monitoring device and method.
Background
The pheromone in the urine of the experimental animal is a collar marker, so that the urine smell of the experimental animal is considered as a social smell, which can be seen from the urine smell reaction of the experimental animal to other experimental animals (referred to as allogenic experimental animals for short). In their behavioral habits, they tend to sniff the anogenital area of the xenogeneic animal, looking for urine smell marks.
In the experimental process of the olfactory behaviors of the experimental animals, the experimental animals actively sniff articles such as cotton swabs, cotton balls and the like soaked with urine of the allogenic experimental animals, so that social motivations and/or olfactory communication of the experimental animals can be evaluated, and the social interest degree of the experimental animals is reflected by analyzing experimental parameters (sniffing times and sniffing time of the experimental animals). Since experimental animals tend to smell a new smell, then get used to the new smell quickly. If the cotton swabs with the same smell are smelled to the experimental animal at the same time intervals, the time for the experimental animal to smell is less and less, that is to say, the experimental animal gradually adapts to the smell, and then if the cotton swabs with new smell are replaced, the smell time of the experimental animal is prolonged again, that is to say, the habit is removed again.
Currently, the operation procedure for conducting an olfactory behavior test of an experimental animal (such as a mouse) includes: placing the experimental animal in the cleaned cage box, covering the box cover (usually a steel net cover), inserting a cotton swab immersed with urine of the allogenic experimental animal into the cage box from the box cover, observing the behavior of the experimental animal by an experimenter, and recording the sniffing action times and sniffing time of the mouse each time the experimental animal stands and gets rid of cotton balls holding the cotton swab and sniffs, wherein the process lasts for a period of time (usually five minutes) according to the experimental requirement; and then sequentially replacing the cotton swabs immersed with other non-social smell liquids (water, alcohol, banana essence and the like), continuously carrying out experiments according to the experiment requirements for a period of time aiming at each experimental liquid, respectively carrying out experiments by referring to the steps, carrying out statistical analysis on relevant parameters after the experiments are finished, and evaluating the olfactory behaviors of experimental animals.
However, the aforementioned operation suffers from at least the following drawbacks: the experimenter needs to continuously and intensively observe the behaviors of the experimental animal by eyes and record the times and the duration of the behaviors of the experimental animal by hands, and the experimenter is difficult to do the eyes and hands for a long time, so that the error rate of the data recorded by artificial observation is high; in the experimental process, the visual fatigue is particularly easy to be caused by the manual observation record, and one experiment person has to rest for a period of time after two groups of experimental animals are continuously tested; the experimental efficiency is low, experiments cannot be carried out on multiple groups of experimental animals at the same time, and only one group of experiments can be carried out at each time; the operation process is complicated, experimental liquid is required to be manually leached each time, a cotton swab is inserted into the cage box from the box cover, and the position of the cotton swab inserted each time has deviation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an experimental animal olfactory behavior monitoring device which is at least used for solving the technical problem of complicated operation process in the existing operation mode.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows.
The experimental animal olfactory behavior monitoring device comprises a cage box, wherein a through hole is formed in the side wall of the cage box, and a transverse telescopic mechanism is arranged on the side of the cage box close to the side of the through hole; the tail end of the telescopic rod of the transverse telescopic mechanism is connected with a flexible rod assembly capable of deflecting/bending downwards, and the front end of the flexible rod assembly is provided with a flexible liquid suction part for sucking experimental liquid; in the extending process of the telescopic rod of the transverse telescopic mechanism, the flexible liquid absorbing part of the flexible rod assembly penetrates through the through hole and extends out of the cage box into the cage box; during retraction of the telescopic rod of the transverse telescopic mechanism, the flexible liquid suction part of the flexible rod assembly moves from the cage box to the outside of the cage box.
Further, three through holes are arranged, all the through holes are arranged at equal heights and have the same specification, and each through hole corresponds to one flexible liquid suction part; the three flexible liquid absorbing parts are respectively used for absorbing water, alcohol and urine of variant experimental animals.
In order to monitor the behaviors of experimental animals more conveniently, the flexible rod assembly comprises a cotton swab, a mounting piece for transversely fixing the cotton swab and a spring, wherein the cotton swab at the front end of the cotton swab is used as a flexible liquid absorption part, one end of the spring is connected with the mounting piece, and the other end of the spring is connected with the tail end of the telescopic rod; when the experimental animal in the cage box applies downward force to the cotton swab, the spring, the mounting piece and the cotton swab are integrally deflected/bent downwards; after the force applied to the cotton swab is removed, the spring, the mounting member and the cotton swab as a whole (i.e., the flexible rod assembly) are reset to a horizontal state.
In order to further simplify the operation, an experimental liquid dripping mechanism is arranged above the flexible rod assembly, and comprises a bracket and a liquid containing box arranged on the bracket, wherein a short pipe is connected to the bottom of the liquid containing box, and a control valve is arranged on the short pipe; when the flexible rod assembly is in an initial state, the flexible liquid suction part of the flexible rod assembly just blocks the outlet of the short pipe, and then after the control valve is opened, experimental liquid in the liquid filling box can just be added on the flexible liquid suction part.
Further, a liquid collecting box is arranged right below the short pipe and is provided with a box cover.
In order to further reduce the operation difficulty and prevent the experimental liquid from dripping as much as possible, a cylindrical cotton stick is used to replace the cotton swab and the flexible liquid absorbing part thereof.
Further, the device also comprises an infrared sensor for detecting whether the flexible rod assembly deflects/bends, wherein an infrared beam emitted by the infrared sensor is vertical to and intersected with the cotton swab or the cylindrical cotton swab in a horizontal state, and the infrared beam is blocked by the cotton swab or the cylindrical cotton swab; when the cotton swab or the cylindrical cotton swab just deflects/bends downwards, the infrared light beam emitted by the infrared sensor directly acts on the light sensing element, and at the moment, the light sensing element of the infrared sensor feeds back corresponding detection signals. In order to be more convenient to operate, a cage alignment mark and a limiting component are arranged at the cage placement part.
Further, the control system is further provided, the control valve, the infrared sensor and the transverse telescopic mechanism are all connected with the control system, the control system comprises a memory, a processor and a program which is stored on the memory and can run on the processor, and the processor realizes the following steps when executing the program:
s1, executing corresponding actions on a first group of experimental liquids according to steps S11-S15 in a preset period A;
s11, in an initial state, controlling the control valve to be opened, and maintaining a preset time t1;
s12, controlling the control valve to be closed, and controlling the telescopic rod of the transverse telescopic mechanism to extend until the flexible liquid suction part extends to a target position in the cage;
s13, feeding back corresponding detection signals and duration time T by the infrared sensor every time when the cotton swab or the cylindrical cotton swab deflects/bends downwards in a preset period, and counting one experimental animal behavior;
s14, when the preset period is over, controlling the telescopic rod of the transverse telescopic mechanism to retract to an initial state;
s2, in a preset period B, executing corresponding actions on the second group of experimental liquids according to the steps S11-S15;
s3, executing corresponding actions on the third group of experimental liquids in the preset period C by referring to the steps S11-S15;
and S4, counting all the behavior times and corresponding time and duration of the experimental animal in a preset period, and outputting an experimental result.
The invention further aims to provide a method for adopting the experimental animal olfactory behavior monitoring device, which is at least used for solving the technical problems of high error rate of manually observed and recorded data, easy visual fatigue, low experimental efficiency and complicated operation process in the existing operation process. The method comprises the following specific steps:
step 2, opening a cage cover of the cage box, putting the experimental animal into the cage box, and covering the cage cover;
step 3, firstly implementing the step S1, and cleaning or replacing the cage box after the step S1 is finished; then implementing the step S2, and cleaning or replacing the cage box again after the step S2 is finished; step S3 is implemented again, and after the step S3 is finished, the cage box is cleaned or replaced again;
and 4, taking away the cotton swab or the cylindrical cotton swab.
The beneficial effects are that: 1. in the experimental process, the number of times and duration of sniffing of experimental animals are completely recorded without artificial observation, and the error rate of the number of times and duration of sniffing of the experimental animals can be reduced to zero; 2. the problem of visual fatigue of experimenters is completely avoided; 3. the experimental efficiency is greatly improved, the experimental efficiency is improved by one to several times, and experiments can be carried out on at least five groups of experimental animals simultaneously by adopting one experimenter; 4. greatly reduces the operation difficulty, greatly simplifies the operation steps, and does not need an experimenter to manually insert the cotton swab immersed in the experimental liquid into the cage box from the box cover; 5. the device has simple structure and low cost (the cost is greatly lower than that of a device for monitoring the behavior of an experimental animal by means of video images); 6. the universality is good, other parts of the device can be adapted after the common experimental animal cage box is perforated, the main structure of the cage box is not required to be changed, and the normal use of the cage box is not influenced; 7. the high-end camera component is not needed, the core component is completely positioned outside the cage box, so that the experimental animal cannot be bitten, and stress is not caused to the experimental animal.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an experimental animal olfactory behavior monitoring device in example 1;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the nose behavior monitoring device of example 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an experimental animal olfactory behavior monitoring device (with the cage removed) in example 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the transverse telescopic mechanism of embodiment 1 in an initial state;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the transverse expansion mechanism of embodiment 1 in an extended state;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of the transverse telescopic mechanism of example 1 in an extended state and with downward force applied by the experimental animal.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to examples and figures.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, an experimental animal olfactory behavior monitoring device comprises a cage box 1, wherein the cage box 1 adopts a leite rearing cage box, a through hole 10 is formed in the side wall of the cage box 1, and a transverse telescopic mechanism 43 is arranged on the side of the cage box 1 close to the side of the through hole 10; the tail end of a telescopic rod 47 of the transverse telescopic mechanism 43 is connected with a flexible rod assembly capable of deflecting/bending downwards, and the front end of the flexible rod assembly is provided with a flexible liquid suction part 20 for sucking experimental liquid; during the extension of the extension rod 47 of the transverse extension mechanism 43, the flexible liquid absorbing part 20 of the flexible rod assembly passes through the through hole 10 and extends into the cage 1 from the outside of the cage 1; during retraction of the telescoping rod 47 of the lateral telescoping mechanism 43, the flexible liquid absorbent portion 20 of the flexible rod assembly moves from within the cage 1 to outside the cage 1. Wherein three through holes 10 are arranged, all the through holes 10 are arranged at equal height and have the same specification, and each through hole 10 corresponds to one flexible liquid suction part 20; the three flexible liquid absorbing parts 20 are respectively used for absorbing water, alcohol and urine of foreign experimental animals.
In this embodiment, the flexible rod assembly includes a cotton swab 21, a mounting member 22 for laterally fixing the cotton swab 21, and a spring 23, wherein the cotton swab at the front end of the cotton swab 21 is used as the flexible liquid absorbing portion 20, one end of the spring 23 is connected with the mounting member 22, and the other end is connected with the tail end of the telescopic rod 47; when the laboratory animal in the cage 1 applies a downward force to the cotton swab 21, the spring 23, the mounting member 22 and the cotton swab 21 are deflected/bent downward as a whole; after the force applied to the cotton swab 21 is removed, the spring 23, the mounting member 22 and the cotton swab 21 are integrally restored to the horizontal state. In the invention, the spring 23 is a bendable plastic spring or a small-diameter stainless steel spring (the small-diameter spring is not more than 1 mm), and when the specification of the spring 23 is selected according to the variety of the experimental animal, the flexible bending of the spring 23 can be driven when the experimental animal embraces and pulls the flexible liquid suction part 20.
In the embodiment, an experimental liquid dripping mechanism is arranged above the flexible rod assembly and comprises a bracket 30 and a liquid containing box 34 arranged on the bracket 30, a short pipe 31 is connected to the bottom of the liquid containing box 34, and a control valve 32 is arranged on the short pipe 31; when the flexible rod assembly is in the initial state, the flexible liquid suction part 20 of the flexible rod assembly just blocks the outlet of the short pipe 31, and then after the control valve 32 is opened, the experimental liquid in the liquid containing box 34 can just be added on the flexible liquid suction part 20.
In this embodiment, a liquid collecting box 33 is provided directly below the short tube 31, the liquid collecting box 33 is used for collecting a small amount of experimental liquid dropping from the short tube 31, and the liquid collecting box 33 has a box cover to prevent the experimental liquid from volatilizing.
In this embodiment, the device further comprises three groups of infrared sensors 40 for detecting whether the flexible rod assembly deflects/bends, wherein the infrared light beams 46 emitted by each group of infrared sensors 40 are perpendicular to and intersect with the cotton swab 21 in a horizontal state, and the infrared light beams 46 are blocked by the cotton swab 21; when the cotton swab 21 is just deflected/bent downward, the infrared light beam 46 emitted from the infrared sensor 40 directly acts on the infrared light sensing element, and at this time, the corresponding detection signal is fed back by the light sensing element of the infrared sensor 40.
In an application scheme of the embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, a base 42 is provided, three vertical plates 41 are arranged on the base 42 at intervals, one side wall of each vertical plate 41 is provided with a telescopic mechanism, the top wall of each vertical plate 41 is provided with a bracket 30, the left side wall of a support lug at the front side end of each vertical plate 41 is provided with a group of infrared sensors 40, each group of infrared sensors 40 is matched with an infrared light sensing element 45, and the infrared light sensing element 45 is arranged on the right side wall of the support lug and faces the infrared sensor 40.
When the infrared light sensor 45 is used, when the infrared light beam 46 emitted by the infrared light sensor 45 is not blocked by the cotton swab 21, the infrared light beam 46 can just act on the infrared light sensor 45, and at the moment, the infrared light sensor 45 feeds back an infrared light signal, and the infrared light sensor corresponds to the cotton swab 21 in a downward deflection/bending state; when the infrared light beam 46 emitted by the infrared light sensing element 45 is blocked by the cotton swab 21, the infrared light beam 46 cannot act on the infrared light sensing element 45, and at this time, the infrared light sensing element 45 is turned off to have no infrared light signal, which corresponds to the cotton swab 21 being in a horizontal state.
In this embodiment, the system further includes a control system, where the control system includes a memory, a processor, and a program stored in the memory and capable of running on the processor, and when the processor executes the program, the following steps are implemented:
s1, executing corresponding actions on a first group of experimental liquids according to steps S11-S15 in a preset period A;
s11, in an initial state, controlling the control valve 32 to be opened and maintaining the preset time t1;
in the initial state, as shown in fig. 4, the telescopic rod 47 is retracted, the cotton swab 21 is in a horizontal state, the flexible liquid absorbing part 20 just blocks the outlet of the short tube 31, at this time, the infrared light sensing element 45 can feed back no infrared light signal, after the control valve 32 is opened, the experimental liquid in the liquid containing box 34 just can be added on the flexible liquid absorbing part 20 and absorbed by the flexible liquid absorbing part 20, similar to the cotton ball water absorbing principle, and the preset time t1 is maintained to ensure that the flexible liquid absorbing part 20 absorbs enough experimental liquid;
s12, controlling the control valve 32 to be closed, and controlling the telescopic rod 47 of the transverse telescopic mechanism 43 to extend until the flexible liquid suction part 20 extends to a target position in the cage 1;
in this process, the flexible liquid absorbing portion 20 extends to a target position in the cage 1, as shown in fig. 5, the cotton swab 21 is still in a horizontal state, and the infrared light sensing element 45 still feeds back no infrared light signal;
s13, during a preset period, each time the cotton swab 21 deflects/bends downwards, the light sensing element of the infrared sensor 40 feeds back corresponding detection signals and duration T, and counts one experimental animal behavior;
when the flexible liquid suction part 20 with the experimental liquid extends to the target position in the cage 1, the experimental animal actively pulls (embraces and pulls down) the suspended flexible liquid suction part 20, which is equivalent to applying downward force to the flexible liquid suction part 20, because the cotton swab 21 and the mounting piece 22 thereof are connected with the telescopic rod 47 through the spring 23, the whole of the flexible liquid suction part 20, the cotton swab 21, the mounting piece 22 and the spring 23 can deflect/bend downwards (namely, the flexible rod assembly deflects/bends downwards), and the state is shown in fig. 6, and at the moment, the infrared light sensing element 45 can feed back infrared light signals;
every time the infrared light sensing element 45 feeds back an infrared light signal (indicated by a time T1), it indicates that the flexible rod assembly deflects/bends downward, and at this time, it indicates that the experimental animal is sniffing the smell in the flexible liquid absorbing portion 20, then it counts once when the infrared light sensing element 45 feeds back an infrared light signal, and then, when the infrared light sensing element 45 feeds back no infrared light signal (indicated by a time T2), it indicates that the flexible liquid absorbing portion 20, the cotton swab 21, the mounting member 22 and the spring 23 are all restored to a horizontal state, and at this time, it indicates that the experimental animal ends sniffing once, and indicates that the experimental animal sniffs N times, and then the duration of sniffing by the experimental animal is T2-T1;
after a period of time, similarly, when the infrared light sensing element 45 feeds back the infrared light signal again (marked as the time T3), when the infrared light sensing element 45 feeds back the infrared light signal without the infrared light signal (marked as the time T4), the experimental animal finishes sniffing once and marks as the (N+1) sniffing, and the duration of the experimental animal sniffing for the (N+1) sniffing is T4-T3;
s14, when the preset period is over, the telescopic rod 47 of the transverse telescopic mechanism 43 is controlled to retract to an initial state;
s2, in a preset period B, executing corresponding actions on the second group of experimental liquids according to the steps S11-S15;
s3, executing corresponding actions on the third group of experimental liquids in the preset period C by referring to the steps S11-S15;
and S4, counting all the times of behaviors of the experimental animal and corresponding time and duration in a preset period, and outputting an experimental result, wherein the output experimental result comprises the total times of sniffing of the experimental animal and the time point (time) and duration of each sniffing.
The method adopting the experimental animal olfactory behavior monitoring device in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
step 2, opening a cage cover 11 of the cage box 1, putting experimental animals into the cage box 1, and covering the cage cover 11;
step 3 of the method, in which the step 3,
firstly, implementing the step S1, and cleaning or replacing the cage 1 after the step S1 is finished, wherein the process is to allow the experimental animal to sniff Wen Di an experimental liquid in a preset period A;
then, implementing step S2, and cleaning or replacing the cage 1 again after the step S2 is finished, wherein the process is to allow the experimental animal to sniff Wen Di two experimental liquids in a preset period A;
step S3 is implemented again, and after the step S3 is finished, the cage 1 is cleaned or replaced again, wherein the experimental animal is enabled to smell Wen Di three experimental liquids in a preset period A;
step 4, taking out the cotton swab 21.
At the end of step 4, a set of experiments is completed, and then a second set of experiments can be performed with reference to steps 1-4. If multiple groups of experiments need to be synchronously performed, step 3 is performed simultaneously after step 1 and step 2 are ready.
Example 2
An experimental animal olfactory behavior monitoring device, referring to example 1, is mainly different from example 1 in that: a cylindrical cotton swab is used instead of the cotton swab 21 and the flexible absorbent portion 20.
Example 3
An experimental animal olfactory behavior monitoring device, referring to example 1 or example 2, is mainly different from example 1 or example 2 in that: the positioning mark and the limiting component are arranged at the placement position of the cage 1, so that the purpose is to quickly and accurately realize that the through hole 10 on the side wall of the cage 1 is opposite to the front end of the flexible rod assembly, and the flexible liquid suction part 20 can smoothly extend into the cage 1 and move out of the cage 1.
The following is a further explanation of the olfactory behavior monitoring of mice, and is performed as follows, in conjunction with fig. 3-6:
step X1, connecting brand new three cotton swabs 21 to the mounting piece 22 respectively, positioning the cleaned cage 1, and ensuring that the through holes 10 on the side wall of the cage 1 are opposite to the front end of the flexible rod assembly; the three liquid filling boxes 34 are respectively filled with experimental liquids of water, alcohol and foreign mouse urine, the liquid filling box 34 at the leftmost side in fig. 3 is filled with water, the liquid filling box 34 at the middle is filled with alcohol, and the liquid filling box 34 at the rightmost side is filled with other mouse urine;
step X2, opening a cage cover 11 of the cage box 1, putting the mice into the cage box 1, and covering the cage cover 11;
in the step X3, the step of setting the position of the base plate,
during a preset period a (first five minutes), the mice were allowed to sniff the water on the flexible wick 20 and the corresponding experimental parameters were automatically recorded;
x11, in the initial state, the control valve 32 is controlled to be opened, and the preset time t1, t1 is set to 60 seconds, and the state at this time is shown in fig. 4;
x12, the control valve 32 is controlled to be closed, and the telescopic rod 47 of the leftmost lateral telescopic mechanism 43 is controlled to extend until the flexible liquid suction portion 20 extends to the target position in the cage 1, and the state is shown in fig. 5;
x13, in a preset period a, whenever the cotton swab 21 deflects/bends downward, the light sensing element of the infrared sensor 40 feeds back the corresponding detection signal and counts the mouse behavior once, and the corresponding behavior time parameter;
when the flexible liquid suction part 20 with water stretches to the target position in the cage 1, the mouse actively pulls (holds and pulls down) the suspended flexible liquid suction part 20, which is equivalent to applying downward force to the flexible liquid suction part 20, because the cotton swab 21 and the mounting piece 22 thereof are connected with the telescopic rod 47 through the spring 23, the whole of the flexible liquid suction part 20, the cotton swab 21, the mounting piece 22 and the spring 23 can deflect/bend downwards (namely, the flexible rod assembly deflects/bends downwards), and the state is shown in fig. 6, and at the moment, the infrared light sensing element 45 can feed back infrared light signals;
every time the infrared light sensing element 45 feeds back an infrared light signal (indicated by a time T1), it indicates that the flexible rod assembly deflects/bends downward, and at this time, it indicates that the mouse is sniffing the smell in the flexible liquid absorbing portion 20, and then it counts once when the infrared light sensing element 45 feeds back an infrared light signal, and then, when the infrared light sensing element 45 feeds back no infrared light signal (indicated by a time T2), it indicates that the flexible liquid absorbing portion 20, the cotton swab 21, the mounting member 22 and the spring 23 are all restored to a horizontal state, and at this time, it indicates that the mouse sniffs once, and indicates that the N-th sniffing is performed, and then the duration of the test animal sniffing N times is T2-T1;
after a period of time, similarly, when the infrared light sensing element 45 feeds back the infrared light signal again (marked as the time T3), when the infrared light sensing element 45 feeds back the infrared light signal without the infrared light signal (marked as the time T4), the mouse is finished at the moment, the (n+1st) sniffing is marked, and the duration of the test animal sniffing in the (n+1st) sniffing is T4-T3;
x14, at the end of the preset period a, controlling the telescopic rod 47 of the leftmost lateral telescopic mechanism 43 to retract to the initial state;
after the step S14 is finished, cleaning or replacing the cage 1;
then, in a preset period B (the second five minutes), the mice are allowed to sniff the alcohol on the flexible liquid absorbing part 20, and corresponding experimental parameters are automatically recorded; the principle process refers to steps S11-S15, wherein the extension of the extension rod 47 of the middle transverse extension mechanism 43 is controlled; cleaning or replacing the cage 1 again after the preset period B is finished;
then, in a preset period C (the third five minutes), the mice smell urine of other mice on the flexible liquid absorbing part 20, and corresponding experimental parameters are automatically recorded, and in the process, the telescopic rod 47 of the rightmost transverse telescopic mechanism 43 is controlled to extend; the principle process refers to steps S11-S15; cleaning or replacing the cage 1 again after the preset period C is over;
step X4, taking out the cotton swab 21, automatically counting all behavior parameters of the mice in a preset period (three and five minutes) by a control system, and outputting an experiment result, wherein the output experiment result comprises the total number of times the mice sniff and the time point (moment) and the duration of each sniff.
In a specific embodiment, if the top wall of the through hole 10 on the side wall of the cage 1 is higher than the flexible rod assembly in the horizontal state, the experimental animal (for the mouse) can rebound rapidly for several times within three to five seconds after the cotton swab 21 is released, and at this time, the signal fed back by the light sensing element of the infrared sensor 40 cannot represent the behavior of the experimental animal, so that the corresponding data thereof needs to be removed, namely, the data is removed. Then the data de-drying step is also included, and two methods can be used: firstly, in the output experimental result, the times of the experimental animal behaviors corresponding to the high-frequency downward (deflection/bending) and resetting actions of the cotton swab 21 in a specific period are manually removed; secondly, the control system automatically removes the times of the experimental animal behaviors corresponding to the high-frequency downward (deflection/bending) and resetting actions of the cotton swab 21 in a specific period. In the specific embodiment, if the top wall of the through hole 10 of the side wall of the cage 1 is just flush with the top of the flexible rod assembly in the horizontal state (i.e. the top of the flexible rod assembly is positioned on the same horizontal line with the top wall of the through hole 10), no data is needed for drying, because the flexible rod assembly is blocked by the top wall of the through hole 10 when rebounding upwards for the first time and cannot continue to deflect/bend upwards, thereby ingeniously avoiding the phenomenon of high-frequency downward (deflection/bending) and rebounding of the flexible rod assembly. When the flexible rod assembly is in a horizontal position, the top of the cotton swab 21 is just abutted against the top wall of the through hole 10, for example, the cotton swab 21 corresponding to the transverse telescopic mechanism 43 in the middle part of fig. 1 is just abutted against the top wall of the through hole 10 corresponding to the cotton swab.
In the experimental process, the number of times and duration of sniffing of experimental animals are completely recorded without artificial observation, and the error rate of the number of times and duration of sniffing of the experimental animals can be reduced to zero; the problem of visual fatigue of experimenters is completely avoided, and the problem of dazzling during artificial observation is avoided; the experimental efficiency is greatly improved, the experimental efficiency is improved by one to several times, and experiments can be carried out on at least five groups of experimental animals simultaneously by adopting one experimenter; greatly reduces the operation difficulty and labor intensity, greatly simplifies the operation steps, and does not need an experimenter to manually insert the cotton swab immersed in the experimental liquid into the cage box from the box cover; the device has simple structure and low cost (the cost is greatly lower than that of a device for monitoring the behavior of an experimental animal by means of video images); the universality is good, other parts of the device can be adapted after the common experimental animal cage box is perforated, the main structure of the cage box is not required to be changed, and the normal use of the cage box is not influenced; the high-end camera component is not needed, the core component is completely positioned outside the cage box, so that the experimental animal cannot be bitten, and stress is not caused to the experimental animal.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides an experimental animals olfactory behavior monitoring devices, includes cage (1), its characterized in that: a through hole (10) is formed in the side wall of the cage box (1), and a transverse telescopic mechanism is arranged on the side of the cage box (1) close to the side of the through hole (10); the tail end of the telescopic rod of the transverse telescopic mechanism is connected with a flexible rod assembly capable of deflecting/bending downwards, and the front end of the flexible rod assembly is provided with a flexible liquid suction part (20) for sucking experimental liquid; in the extending process of the telescopic rod of the transverse telescopic mechanism, a flexible liquid suction part (20) of the flexible rod assembly penetrates through the through hole (10) and stretches into the cage box (1) from the outside of the cage box (1); in the retracting process of the telescopic rod of the transverse telescopic mechanism, the flexible liquid suction part (20) of the flexible rod assembly moves from the cage box (1) to the outside of the cage box (1);
the flexible rod assembly comprises a cotton swab (21), a mounting piece (22) for transversely fixing the cotton swab (21) and a spring (23), wherein the cotton swab at the front end of the cotton swab (21) is used as a flexible liquid suction part (20), one end of the spring (23) is connected with the mounting piece (22), and the other end of the spring is connected with the tail end of the telescopic rod; when the experimental animal in the cage (1) applies downward force to the cotton swab (21), the spring (23), the mounting piece (22) and the cotton swab (21) are deflected/bent downward integrally; after the force applied to the cotton swab (21) is removed, the spring (23), the mounting piece (22) and the cotton swab (21) are integrally reset to a horizontal state;
the device also comprises an infrared sensor (40) for detecting whether the flexible rod assembly deflects or bends, wherein an infrared beam emitted by the infrared sensor (40) is vertical to and intersected with the cotton swab (21) or the cylindrical cotton swab in a horizontal state, and the infrared beam is blocked by the cotton swab (21) or the cylindrical cotton swab; when the cotton swab (21) or the cylindrical cotton swab just deflects/bends downwards, the infrared light beam emitted by the infrared sensor (40) directly acts on the light sensing element, and at the moment, the light sensing element of the infrared sensor (40) feeds back a corresponding detection signal;
the control system comprises a memory, a processor and a program stored on the memory and capable of running on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to realize the following steps:
s1, executing corresponding actions on a first group of experimental liquids according to steps S11-S14 in a preset period A;
s11, in an initial state, controlling the control valve (32) to be opened and maintaining the preset time t1;
s12, controlling a control valve (32) to be closed, and controlling a telescopic rod of a transverse telescopic mechanism to extend until a flexible liquid suction part (20) extends to a target position in the cage box (1);
s13, feeding back corresponding detection signals and duration time T by a light sensing element of an infrared sensor (40) every time when the cotton swab (21) or the cylindrical cotton swab deflects/bends downwards in a preset period, and counting one experimental animal behavior;
s14, when the preset period is over, controlling the telescopic rod of the transverse telescopic mechanism to retract to an initial state;
s2, in a preset period B, executing corresponding actions on the second group of experimental liquids according to the steps S11-S14;
s3, executing corresponding actions on the third group of experimental liquids in the preset period C by referring to the steps S11-S14;
and S4, counting all the behavior times and corresponding time and duration of the experimental animal in a preset period, and outputting an experimental result.
2. The experimental animal olfactory behavior monitoring device according to claim 1, wherein: three through holes (10) are formed, all the through holes (10) are arranged at equal heights and have the same specification, and each through hole (10) corresponds to one flexible liquid suction part (20); the three flexible liquid absorbing parts (20) are respectively used for absorbing water, alcohol and urine of foreign experimental animals.
3. The experimental animal olfactory behavior monitoring device according to claim 2, wherein: an experimental liquid dripping mechanism is arranged above the flexible rod assembly and comprises a bracket (30) and a liquid containing box (34) arranged on the bracket (30), a short pipe (31) is connected to the bottom of the liquid containing box (34), and a control valve (32) is arranged on the short pipe (31); when the flexible rod assembly is in the initial state, the flexible liquid suction part (20) of the flexible rod assembly just blocks the outlet of the short pipe (31), and then after the control valve (32) is opened, experimental liquid in the liquid containing box (34) can just be added on the flexible liquid suction part (20).
4. The experimental animal olfactory behavior monitoring device according to claim 3, wherein: a liquid collecting box (33) is arranged right below the short pipe (31).
5. The experimental animal olfactory behavior monitoring device according to claim 4, wherein: a cylindrical cotton stick is used for replacing the cotton swab (21) and the flexible liquid absorbing part (20).
6. The laboratory animal olfactory behavior monitoring device of any one of claims 3-5, wherein: and a cage box (1) placement part is provided with a cage box alignment mark and a limiting part.
7. A method of using the experimental animal olfactory behavior monitoring device of claim 6, characterized by the steps of:
step 1, connecting brand new three cotton swabs (21) or cylindrical cotton swabs to a mounting piece (22) respectively, positioning the cleaned cage box (1), and ensuring that through holes (10) on the side wall of the cage box (1) are opposite to the front end of a flexible rod assembly; the three liquid boxes (34) are respectively filled with experimental liquids of water, alcohol and urine of variant experimental animals;
step 2, opening a cage cover (11) of the cage box (1), putting experimental animals into the cage box (1), and covering the cage cover (11);
step 3, firstly implementing the step S1, and cleaning or replacing the cage box (1) after the step S1 is finished; then, implementing the step S2, and cleaning or replacing the cage box (1) again after the step S2 is finished; step S3 is implemented again, and after the step S3 is finished, the cage box (1) is cleaned or replaced again;
and 4, taking away the cotton swab (21) or the cylindrical cotton swab.
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