CN115474487A - Indoor ralstonia solanacearum inoculation method - Google Patents
Indoor ralstonia solanacearum inoculation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115474487A CN115474487A CN202211053065.3A CN202211053065A CN115474487A CN 115474487 A CN115474487 A CN 115474487A CN 202211053065 A CN202211053065 A CN 202211053065A CN 115474487 A CN115474487 A CN 115474487A
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- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 241000589771 Ralstonia solanacearum Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 241001553178 Arachis glabrata Species 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007918 pathogenicity Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000232299 Ralstonia Species 0.000 claims 5
- 238000012136 culture method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 abstract description 22
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 abstract description 22
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008261 resistance mechanism Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009630 liquid culture Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002792 vascular Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000035143 Bacterial infection Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009456 molecular mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003950 pathogenic mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008223 sterile water Substances 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/40—Fabaceae, e.g. beans or peas
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
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- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of plant bacteria inoculation, and discloses an indoor peanut ralstonia solanacearum inoculation method, which comprises the steps of dipping ralstonia solanacearum bacterial liquid by using sterile scissors, shearing two small leaves of diagonal lines in 4 small leaves of inverted 2 leaves and inverted 3 leaves of a sample peanut, and enabling the two small leaves to be perpendicular to 2/3 positions of half medium-vein small leaves, thereby completing inoculation. The invention provides a simple and efficient peanut ralstonia solanacearum inoculation method, which can complete efficient inoculation by a small amount of inoculation materials, provide a theoretical basis for culture of peanut ralstonia solanacearum germplasm and analysis of a disease-resistant mechanism, and realize efficient prevention and control of peanut ralstonia solanacearum. The indoor peanut ralstonia solanacearum inoculation method provided by the invention can quickly improve the incidence of the sample peanut to the ralstonia solanacearum, has a good inoculation effect, and particularly can achieve 100% of the incidence of the sample peanut suffering from diseases. The efficient inoculation method provided by the invention can provide technical support for screening of the anti-susceptible peanut variety and provide an important theoretical basis for disease resistance mechanism analysis of bacterial wilt.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of plant bacterium inoculation, and particularly relates to an indoor ralstonia solanacearum inoculation method.
Background
At present, bacterial wilt is a soil-borne disease with strong destructiveness caused by ralstonia solanacearum, which occurs in the seedling stage and the adult stage of plant growth, the vascular bundles at the root and the stem base of the diseased plant begin to turn yellow brown, and the vascular bundle conduction tissues are destroyed, so that the plant loses water and withers.
Bacterial wilt is one of the most serious bacterial diseases which harm the quality and the yield of peanuts, and particularly, the disease incidence condition is serious in Yangtze river basin and southern areas of China, so that the method for culturing disease-resistant varieties is the most effective means for preventing and treating the bacterial wilt. The efficient inoculation of the peanut bacterial wilt is one of important foundations for accelerating the culture of the germplasm of the peanut bacterial wilt and researching disease resistance mechanisms, and is a key means for realizing efficient prevention and control of the peanut bacterial wilt.
The field disease nursery is the most traditional identification method for peanut bacterial wilt, and the method needs to be carried out outdoors, so that the method is easily influenced by the environment and has long identification period. Therefore, more and more researchers adopt indoor inoculation methods such as a root-damaging bacterium-filling method, an injection method, a needle punching method and the like to identify the peanut bacterial wilt. However, these methods have the disadvantages of complicated operation, difficulty in controlling the area of the artificial wound, and easy damage to the plant, resulting in poor inoculation effect.
Through the above analysis, the problems and defects of the prior art are as follows: the method has the defects of long identification period, complex operation, difficulty in controlling the area of an artificial wound, easiness in causing physical damage to plants and the like, and poor inoculation effect.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides an indoor ralstonia solanacearum inoculation method.
The invention is realized in such a way, an indoor ralstonia solanacearum inoculation method comprises the following steps:
and (3) dipping the ralstonia solanacearum bacterial liquid by using sterile scissors to cut two diagonal leaflets in 4 leaflets of the inverted 2 and 3 leaves of the sample peanut, and enabling the two diagonal leaflets to be perpendicular to 2/3 of the midvein half leaflet, thereby completing inoculation.
Further, the indoor peanut ralstonia solanacearum inoculation method comprises the following steps:
step one, peanut seeding is carried out indoors to serve as an inoculation sample;
step two, collecting bacterium liquid with strong pathogenicity, and identifying and activating on a CPG culture medium containing TTC in a laboratory;
step three, dipping bacteria liquid with sterile scissors to cut off the lobules of the peanut sample, and completing inoculation; the ralstonia solanacearum is quickly inoculated on the peanuts by leaf cutting.
And step four, culturing indoors after inoculation, and controlling indoor temperature and humidity and long-day culture of the inoculated sample peanuts.
Further, the bacterial liquid in the second step is ralstonia solanacearum bacterial liquid.
And further, performing activation culture on the bacterial liquid in the second step in a CPG culture medium containing TTC and an incubator.
Further, the temperature of the incubator was 28 ℃.
Further, the growth cycle of the sample peanuts in the third step is about two weeks.
Further, in the third step, the period from 7 to 8 leaves is the optimal inoculation period.
Further, the concentration of the inoculated bacterial liquid in the third step reaches OD 600nm Inoculation was performed at 0.1.
Further, the indoor temperature in the fourth step is controlled at 28 +/-2 ℃ and the humidity is 70%.
Further, the indoor cultivation method in the fourth step is as follows: culturing under light for 16h, and culturing in dark for 8 h.
In combination with the technical solutions and the technical problems to be solved, please analyze the advantages and positive effects of the technical solutions to be protected in the present invention from the following aspects:
first, aiming at the technical problems existing in the prior art and the difficulty in solving the problems, the technical problems to be solved by the technical scheme of the present invention are closely combined with results, data and the like in the research and development process, and some creative technical effects are brought after the problems are solved. The specific description is as follows:
the invention provides a simple and efficient peanut ralstonia solanacearum inoculation method, which can complete efficient inoculation by a small amount of inoculation materials, provide theoretical basis for peanut ralstonia solanacearum germplasm culture and disease resistance mechanism research, and realize efficient prevention and control of peanut ralstonia solanacearum.
The invention adopts sterile scissors to dip ralstonia solanacearum bacterial liquid to cut two small leaves of a diagonal line in 4 small leaves of the inverted 2 leaves and the inverted 3 leaves of the sample peanut, and the two small leaves are vertical to 2/3 of the middle-vein half small leaves, thereby completing inoculation. The technology improves the inoculation speed and the inoculation efficiency of the peanut bacterial wilt, is favorable for quickly and efficiently identifying the resistance of the peanut to the bacterial wilt, and accelerates the screening of the peanut variety resisting the bacterial wilt and the analysis of the pathogenic mechanism of the bacterial wilt.
The invention provides a simple and efficient indoor inoculation method for inoculating ralstonia solanacearum to peanuts, which can quickly improve the incidence of the ralstonia solanacearum of the sample peanuts, and particularly can achieve 100% of the incidence of the sick sample peanuts. The efficient inoculation mode can provide technical support for screening of the anti-susceptible peanut varieties, and further provides theoretical basis for research of molecular mechanism of bacterial wilt resistance of peanuts, breeding of disease-resistant varieties and prevention and control of bacterial wilt.
Secondly, considering the technical scheme as a whole or from the perspective of products, the technical effect and advantages of the technical scheme to be protected by the invention are specifically described as follows:
the invention provides a scheme for inoculating ralstonia solanacearum to peanuts by leaf cutting, the scheme is simple and efficient, the inoculation effect is good, and the morbidity of inoculated susceptible varieties can reach 100%.
Third, as inventive supplementary proof of the claims of the present invention, there are several important aspects as follows:
(1) The parts where the bacterial wilt occurs are mainly aerial parts, and the disease state of the peanuts can be observed more intuitively and quickly by inoculating the bacterial wilt in a leaf cutting mode.
(2) The invention can quickly identify the resistance of a large batch of peanut materials under the condition of manual control, thereby greatly shortening the identification time and the identification cost.
(3) The method is simple and quick to operate, and is not easy to operate unlike the traditional inoculation mode.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an indoor peanut ralstonia solanacearum inoculation method provided by the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 (a), fig. 2 (b) are phenotypes of peanuts a281 and a165 after 10 days of leaf-cutting inoculation with HA4-1 strain, bar =4cm; FIG. 2 (c) is the disease index of the HA4-1 strain inoculated by peanut A281 and A165 leaf-cutting method, the abscissa is the number of days after inoculation, and the ordinate is the disease index; fig. 2 (d) is the survival rate of the HA4-1 strain inoculated by the peanut a281 and a165 leaf-cutting method, with the abscissa being the number of days after inoculation and the ordinate being the survival rate, × P < 0.0001.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and do not limit the invention.
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides an indoor ralstonia solanacearum inoculation method, and the invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
1. The embodiments are explained. This section is an illustrative example developed to explain the claims in order to enable those skilled in the art to fully understand how to implement the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the indoor peanut ralstonia solanacearum inoculation method provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
s101, sowing peanuts indoors to serve as inoculation samples;
s102, collecting bacterial liquid with strong pathogenicity, and identifying and activating the bacterial liquid on a TTC-containing CPG culture medium in a laboratory;
s103, dipping the bacterial solution by using sterile scissors to shear the lobules of the peanut sample, and completing inoculation;
and S104, culturing indoors after inoculation, and culturing the inoculated sample peanuts by controlling indoor temperature and humidity and long-day sunlight.
As a preferred embodiment, the indoor peanut ralstonia solanacearum inoculation method provided by the embodiment of the invention specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, peanut seeding is carried out indoors to serve as an inoculation sample;
s2, collecting bacterial liquid of ralstonia solanacearum with strong pathogenicity, identifying the bacterial liquid on a CPG culture medium containing TTC in a laboratory, marking and activating the bacterial liquid after successful identification, and culturing the bacterial liquid in an incubator at 28 ℃, wherein a single bacterium can be selected to fall into the CPG liquid culture medium after 2-3 days;
s3, selecting a single bacterial colony of the ralstonia solanacearum, adding the single bacterial colony into a CPG liquid culture medium, placing the mixture on a shaking table at 28 ℃ and 180rpm for culturing overnight, measuring the OD value of a bacterial liquid by using a spectrophotometer, and configuring the bacterial liquid to OD by using sterile water 600nm After an approximate value of 0.1, inoculation can be carried out. Dipping bacteria liquid with sterile scissors to cut two small leaves of a diagonal line in 4 small leaves of the inverted 2 and 3 small leaves of the sample peanut, and cutting the two small leaves to 2/3 of half small leaves in a direction perpendicular to the midpulse;
and S4, culturing indoors after inoculation, wherein the indoor temperature is controlled to be about 28 +/-2 ℃ and the indoor humidity is controlled to be about 70%, and the light culture is carried out for 16 hours and the dark culture is carried out for 8 hours.
The method for inoculating the ralstonia solanacearum to the indoor peanut ralstonia solanacearum inoculation method provided by the embodiment of the invention (the ralstonia solanacearum which is separated from various places is inoculated successfully, so that the method is universal to the ralstonia solanacearum), the morbidity of a peanut sample can be improved, the morbidity of a sick peanut sample can reach 100%, the indoor inoculation method is simple, easy and efficient, the resistance of the peanut variety to the ralstonia solanacearum can be rapidly identified, an important theoretical basis is improved for the germplasm culture and disease-resistant mechanism research of the peanut ralstonia solanacearum, and the culture process of the disease-resistant variety is accelerated.
2. Application examples. 303 parts of peanut variety is taken as a material, and ralstonia solanacearum strain HA4-1 and PeaFJ1 are respectively inoculated by a leaf cutting method for resistance identification. According to the first repeated identification result, 112 peanut varieties are selected from the peanut varieties to be subjected to three repeated identifications, wherein 1 part of high resistant variety, 5 parts of medium resistant variety, 44 parts of susceptible variety, 62 parts of susceptible variety, 3 parts of medium resistant variety, 26 parts of susceptible variety and 83 parts of susceptible variety are selected from the peanuts inoculated with HA 4-1. The inoculation and identification time of the ralstonia solanacearum is greatly shortened by a leaf-cutting method, the shortest identification time is only about ten days, and the longest identification time is about thirty days.
3. Evidence of the relevant effects of the examples. Inoculating strain HA4-1 to the disease-resistant variety A165 and the susceptible variety A281 by a leaf cutting method, and simultaneously inoculating clear water for comparison, and performing detailed disease observation for 20 days. The results show (figure 2) that the leaves inoculated with A281 started to develop disease 1 day after inoculation of the strain HA4-1, the disease index sharply increased 1 to 7 days after inoculation, and almost all plants died by 10 days after inoculation. The A165 inoculated leaf has a disease phenomenon only on the 3 rd day after inoculation, the disease index does not change greatly after 6 days after inoculation, the disease of the plant with the disease on the 10 th day after inoculation is in the first grade, and only part of the plant dies on the twenty th day after inoculation. Therefore, the leaf-cutting method can be used for resisting and sensing peanut varieties and can quickly identify the disease resistance of the peanut through phenotype.
Figure 2 (a, b) is the phenotype of peanuts a281 and a165 leaf-cut inoculated with HA4-1 strain for 10 days, bar =4cm; (c) Disease indexes of HA4-1 strains inoculated by peanut A281 and A165 leaf cutting methods are shown, the abscissa is the days after inoculation, and the ordinate is the disease indexes; (d) Survival of HA4-1 strains inoculated for peanut a281 and a165 leaf-cutting, days after inoculation on the abscissa, survival on the ordinate, P < 0.0001.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention should not be limited thereto, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention as disclosed in the present invention should be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An indoor ralstonia solanacearum inoculation method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
and (3) dipping the ralstonia solanacearum bacterial liquid by using sterile scissors to cut two diagonal leaflets in 4 leaflets of the inverted 2 and 3 leaves of the sample peanut, and enabling the two diagonal leaflets to be perpendicular to 2/3 of the midvein half leaflet, thereby completing inoculation.
2. The indoor peanut ralstonia solanacearum inoculation method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the indoor peanut ralstonia solanacearum inoculation method comprises the following steps:
step one, peanut seeding is carried out indoors to serve as an inoculation sample;
step two, collecting bacterium liquid with strong pathogenicity, and identifying and activating on a CPG culture medium containing TTC in a laboratory;
dipping bacteria solution with sterile scissors to shear the small leaves of the peanut sample, and completing inoculation;
and step four, culturing indoors after inoculation, and culturing the inoculated sample peanuts by controlling indoor temperature and humidity and long-day sunlight.
3. The indoor ralstonia arachidicola inoculation method according to claim 2, wherein the bacterial liquid in the second step is ralstonia solanacearum bacterial liquid.
4. The indoor ralstonia arachidicola inoculation method according to claim 2, wherein the bacterial liquid in the second step is subjected to activation culture in a CPG medium containing TTC and an incubator.
5. The indoor ralstonia arachidicola inoculation method according to claim 4, wherein the temperature of the incubator is 28 ℃.
6. The indoor peanut ralstonia solanacearum inoculation method according to claim 2, wherein the growth cycle of the sample peanuts in the third step is about two weeks.
7. The indoor ralstonia arachidicola inoculation method according to claim 2, wherein in the third step, the optimal inoculation period is from 7 to 8 leaves.
8. The indoor ralstonia arachidicola inoculation method according to claim 2, wherein the concentration of the inoculated bacterial liquid in the third step reaches OD 600nm Inoculation is carried out at an angle of about 0.1.
9. The indoor method for inoculating ralstonia solanacearum as claimed in claim 2, wherein in the fourth step, the indoor temperature is controlled at 28 ± 2 ℃ and the humidity is 70%.
10. The indoor peanut ralstonia solanacearum inoculation method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the indoor culture method in the fourth step is: culturing under light for 16h, and culturing under dark for 8 h.
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