CN115472072B - Simulation device for effect of various geological disasters of embankment model - Google Patents
Simulation device for effect of various geological disasters of embankment model Download PDFInfo
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- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 title claims description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 113
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004746 geotextile Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 13
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000006424 Flood reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001687 destabilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005429 filling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The application discloses a simulation device for various geological disaster actions of a embankment model. The simulation device comprises a test box, a debris flow torrent simulation mechanism, an earthquake simulation mechanism and a test and test mechanism; a embankment model is placed in the test box, and the test box is fixed on the earthquake simulation mechanism; the debris flow mountain torrent mechanism comprises a material box, a water inlet trough, a water outlet trough, a soil and water collecting box and a hydraulic lifting cylinder, wherein the material box is connected with the water inlet trough, the hydraulic lifting cylinder is arranged at the bottoms of the material box and the water inlet trough, the angles of the water trough are adjusted through different oil inlet amounts, the water inlet trough and the water outlet trough are connected with a model test box, and the water outlet trough is connected with the soil and water collecting box; the earthquake simulation system comprises a table top, a slide rail layer and a base layer, wherein the slide rail adopts an I-shaped slide rail and is connected with the base layer through an oil cylinder; the test system comprises an accelerometer, a soil pressure box, a pore pressure meter, a moisture sensor, a flow rate meter, a displacement meter and photographic equipment. The device controls the earthquake type by simulating the actual earthquake action, collects the model parameters after the earthquake, can simulate the influence of secondary disasters after the earthquake on the embankment structure, and explores the stabilizing effect of the embankment structure under the combined action of different geological disaster working conditions.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of geotechnical engineering, in particular to a simulation device for the actions of various geological disasters of a embankment model.
Background
Along with the continuous development of science and technology, theoretical research and engineering progress of reducing life safety, economic property loss of people caused by geological disasters such as earthquakes, debris flows and the like are also increasing. The existing research on disaster influence on the protection structures of embankments and the like is mainly focused on single disaster influence, such as independent disaster scenes of earthquakes, debris flows, mountain floods and the like. Based on the field investigation result, the earthquake effect can influence the original relief structure, cause secondary disasters such as mud-rock flow and mountain torrents, and cause serious damage to protection projects such as embankments. At present, a reduced scale model test is mainly adopted for domestic indoor tests acting on a embankment structure, and stability and damage modes of the embankment model are analyzed when the embankment model is acted by single geological disasters such as earthquake, debris flow, torrent and the like, but due to different disaster acting modes such as earthquake action and debris flow, torrent and the like, whether the embankment engineering can resist combined actions such as earthquake, debris flow, torrent and the like in actual engineering needs to be considered. The earthquake effect causes certain destabilization damage to the embankment structure, and accordingly, the embankment base is eroded and flushed by mud-rock flow, mountain floods and the like, so that the embankment has no protection effect at all. The device simulates the influence of the combined action of earthquakes, mud-rock flows, torrents and the like on the embankment structure, and can avoid the model migration loss after the simulated earthquake action to directly simulate the disaster actions of follow-up mud-rock flows, torrents and the like. The device can be widely used in the traffic and water conservancy fields, can be used for practical engineering model inspection, and provides theoretical basis and test method basis for combined action research and test deficiency of earthquakes, debris flows, mountain floods and other geological disasters.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the application provides a simulation device for the effects of various geological disasters of a embankment model, which can accurately simulate the influence of various geological conditions of earthquakes, debris flow and torrents on the embankment.
The application provides a simulation device for various geological disasters of a embankment model, which comprises a debris flow mountain torrent simulation mechanism, an earthquake simulation mechanism, a test and test mechanism and a test box for accommodating the embankment model, wherein the debris flow mountain torrent simulation mechanism is arranged on the earth quake simulation mechanism; the test box is fixed on the vibrating table; the debris flow mountain torrent simulation mechanism comprises a material box, a water inlet trough, a water outlet trough, a water and soil collecting box and a hydraulic lifting cylinder, wherein the material box is connected with the water inlet trough, the hydraulic lifting cylinder is arranged at the bottom of the material box and the bottom of the water inlet trough to adjust the dip angle of the water inlet trough, two ends of the test box are communicated with the water inlet trough and the water outlet trough, the water outlet trough is connected with the water and soil collecting box, and a filter support is arranged in the water and soil collecting box; the earthquake simulation mechanism comprises a vibrating table, a sliding rail layer and a base layer, wherein the vibrating table is arranged on the sliding rail layer in a sliding manner along a plane under the input of external power, and the sliding rail layer is connected with the base layer through an oil cylinder; the test mechanism comprises an accelerometer, a soil pressure box, a pore pressure meter, a moisture sensor, a flow velocity meter, a displacement meter and photographic equipment, wherein the accelerometer, the soil pressure box, the pore pressure meter and the moisture sensor are embedded in the model, the flow velocity meter is fixed at a water inlet trough near a water outlet and at a water inlet end and a water outlet end of a test box, the photographic equipment is used for collecting live images inside the test box, and the displacement meter is used for collecting displacement conditions of the embankment model.
Optionally, a transparent glass panel is adopted on one side of the test box, and the glass panel draws scale marks.
Optionally, the embankment model comprises a geogrid laid in layers and reinforcing bars located on the geogrid.
Optionally, the test box is connected with the water inlet water tank and the water outlet water tank respectively through a stretching frame formed by splicing a plurality of section bars.
Optionally, a U-shaped chute is arranged in the water inlet water tank and the water outlet water tank so as to connect the water inlet water tank and the water outlet water tank with the test box in a sealing way.
Optionally, the water inlet part of the water inlet tank is a slidable panel, the slidable panel is provided with a water valve, and the water valve is connected with a pressure gauge.
Optionally, the filter support comprises a filter plate and a water permeable geotextile layer on the filter plate.
Optionally, the power mechanism for providing power for the vibrating table comprises an oil tank, a transformation relay, a control cabinet and a control computer, wherein the transformation relay, the control cabinet and the control computer are sequentially and electrically connected to control the oil tank to generate linear driving force, and the oil tank is connected with the vibrating table.
Optionally, the three flowmeters are respectively fixed at the position of the water inlet tank close to the water outlet and the two ends of the inspection box close to the embankment model.
Optionally, the photographing apparatus is fixed at the top of the tail end of the test box, and the test box is connected with a foldable rod to adjust the photographing position of the photographing apparatus.
The working principle of the simulation device of the application is as follows:
The simulation device simulates the influence of different impact angles of debris flows and the like on the embankment structure through the liftable adjustment inclination angle of the debris flow and torrent simulation mechanism; the earthquake simulation mechanism simulates the influence of different earthquake working conditions and earthquake types on the embankment structure; the test mechanism can observe the damage condition of the model in real time in the vibration test process, and can collect test data for the stability analysis of the follow-up model.
The application has the following beneficial effects:
1. The application can be used for indoor simulation test, simulating combined action of earthquakes, debris flows, mountain floods and the like, simulating real earthquake action, researching damage influence of secondary disasters after earthquake on the road embankment structure and guiding construction of road embankment protection engineering.
2. The application can directly simulate the subsequent secondary disasters after the earthquake simulation test, reduces the loss of the test model in the migration process, and greatly reduces the test engineering quantity.
3. In the test process, the deformation and impact conditions of the model can be visually observed through the camera and the scale marks, and the displacement, settlement, stress, pore pressure and moisture content data of the embankment model can be observed in real time, so that complete and reliable data support is provided for the later-stage model performance analysis.
4. The application has the advantages of controllable test process, repeated utilization after material collection, convenient observation and capability of carrying out multiple groups of test comparison by utilizing the recording of the test phenomenon by using the camera equipment, and ensures the accuracy of test data.
Drawings
The technical solution and other advantageous effects of the present application will be made apparent by the following detailed description of the specific embodiments of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an overall structure of an analog device according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of an exemplary embodiment of a simulation apparatus;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a embankment model according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a slidable panel according to an embodiment of the present application;
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a U-shaped chute according to an embodiment of the present application;
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a telescopic frame according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a sliding rail layer and a base layer assembly according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a filter support according to an embodiment of the present application.
Wherein, the elements in the figure are identified as follows:
1-test box, 2-embankment model, 3-transparent glass panel, 4-scale mark, 5-material box, 6-water inlet tank, 7-slidable panel, 8-water valve, 9-manometer, 10-water outlet tank, 11-water and soil collecting box, 12-hydraulic lifting cylinder, 13-U-shaped chute, 14-filter support, 15-permeable fabric, 16-expansion bracket, 17-vibration table top, 18-slide rail layer, 19-base layer, 20-control cabinet, 21-control computer, 22-voltage transformation relay, 23-oil tank, 24-accelerometer, 25-soil pressure box, 26-pore pressure gauge, 27-moisture sensor, 28-flow velocity meter, 29-displacement gauge, 30-foldable support, 31-photographic equipment.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to fall within the scope of the application.
In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the described features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.
In the description of the present application, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically connected, electrically connected or can be communicated with each other; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
The following disclosure provides many different embodiments, or examples, for implementing different features of the application. In order to simplify the present disclosure, components and arrangements of specific examples are described below. They are, of course, merely examples and are not intended to limit the application. Furthermore, the present application may repeat reference numerals and/or letters in the various examples, which are for the purpose of brevity and clarity, and which do not themselves indicate the relationship between the various embodiments and/or arrangements discussed. In addition, the present application provides examples of various specific processes and materials, but one of ordinary skill in the art will recognize the application of other processes and/or the use of other materials.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the present application provides a device for simulating various geological disasters of a embankment model, which comprises a debris flow mountain torrent simulation mechanism, a seismic simulation mechanism 2, a test and test mechanism and a test box 1 for accommodating the embankment model 2.
Above-mentioned test box 1 includes box, embankment model 2 and transparent glass panel 3, transparent glass panel 3 draws has scale mark 4, is convenient for observe the impaired condition of embankment model 2 in the test process.
Referring to fig. 3, the embankment model 2 includes a geogrid laid in layers and reinforcing bars located on the geogrid. The embankment model can be reinforced and other protection treatments can be carried out according to practical engineering application examples. It should be appreciated that the test testing mechanism is located within embankment model 2.
Above-mentioned test box 1 is fixed on earthquake simulation mechanism, test box 1 links to each other with intake flume 6 and play water flume 10 through expansion bracket 16, can guarantee not receive mud-rock flow mountain torrent simulation mechanism influence in the earthquake test simulation process, provides the positioning effect when the assembly to intake flume 6, play water flume 10 and test box 1 moreover. With respect to the implementation of the telescopic frame 16, reference is made to the version shown in fig. 6, which is made, as an exemplary way, to a splice of a plurality of bars, and the connected bars are connected by means of a rotating member, such as a pin, to achieve a mutual rotation between the different bars, so as to create a telescopic function.
Referring to fig. 5, the test chamber 1 can be tightly connected with the water inlet water tank 6 and the water outlet water tank 10 by using the U-shaped chute 13, so that the simulated materials can not leak in the test process. The U-shaped chute 13 is a three-sided slidable rigid chute plate attached to the openings of the water inlet chute 6 and the water outlet chute 10, and is fixedly embedded in the inner walls of the water inlet chute 6 and the water outlet chute 10 in the earthquake test process, and the chute is slid out of the openings at the two ends of the embedded model box 1 after the earthquake simulation is finished, so that the material penetration is realized. It should be noted that after the earthquake simulation test is performed, the sealing effect is achieved at the joint by consolidating the U-shaped chute 13 placed inside the water inlet tank 6 and the water outlet tank 10, and then the secondary disaster simulation test is performed.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the debris flow torrent simulation mechanism comprises a material box 5, a water inlet trough 6, a water outlet trough 10, a water and soil collecting box 11 and a hydraulic lifting cylinder 12, wherein the material box 5 is connected with the water inlet trough 6, and an upper sliding panel 7 and a lower sliding panel 7 are arranged at the water inlet of the water inlet trough 6.
Referring to fig. 4, the slidable panel 7 is provided with a water valve 8, the pressure gauge 9 is connected with the water valve 8 and is arranged outside the material box for convenient observation, the slidable panel 7 can be adjusted to release the simulated material when the solid phase content of the experimental simulated material is higher, and the water valve 8 can be directly adjusted to control the flow of the simulated material when the solid phase content of the experimental simulated material is lower.
The hydraulic lifting cylinder 12 is installed at the bottoms of the material box 5 and the water inlet tank 6, and the inclination angle of the water inlet tank 6 can be controlled by adjusting the oil inlet amount through the control cabinet 20 to simulate different working conditions.
Referring to fig. 8, a filter support 14 is placed inside the soil and water collecting tank 11, and a permeable fabric 15 is laid on the filter support 14 to separate silt and water.
The earthquake simulation mechanism comprises a vibrating table 17, a sliding rail layer 18 and a base layer 19, and a table top is provided with screw holes (not shown in the figure) and fixedly connected with the test box 1. Referring to fig. 7, the rail layer 18 employs an i-shaped transverse rail through which seismic shear wave effects are simulated. The base layer 19 is provided with an oil cylinder which is connected with the slide rail layer 18 to simulate the action of earthquake longitudinal waves, and the whole vibrating table is connected with the oil tank 23, the control cabinet 20, the transformer relay 22 and the control computer 21 to set earthquakes with different intensities.
The test and test mechanism comprises an accelerometer 24, a soil pressure box 25, a pore pressure meter 26, a moisture sensor 27, a flow rate meter 28, a displacement meter 29 and a photographic device 30, wherein the accelerometer 24, the soil pressure box 25, the pore pressure meter 26 and the moisture sensor 27 are embedded in the interior monitoring model parameters of the embankment model 2. The flow rate meter 28 is arranged near the outlet of the water inlet tank 6 and at the two ends of the test box 1 adjacent to the embankment model 2, the displacement meter 29 is fixed on the test box 1 and monitors the top settlement condition of the embankment model 2, and the photographing device 31 adjusts the photographing angle of the photographing device 30 through the foldable bracket 30 so as to more comprehensively observe the test process.
Referring again to fig. 1-8, using the above-described simulation apparatus, a specific test includes the steps of:
s1, paving a layer of sand foundation in a test box 1, and paving a reinforcing material in each layer in a filling process by filling a embankment model 2 in a glass box with scale marks 4 according to standard requirements; embedding an accelerometer 24, a soil pressure box 25 and a pore pressure meter 26 at preset positions, fixing a displacement meter 29 in the box of the test box 1 to monitor the top sedimentation of the embankment model 2, and arranging a flow velocity meter 28 at the water outlet of the water inlet water tank 6 and at two sides of the embankment model 2 in the test box to monitor flow velocity and flow data;
s2, debugging the detection mechanism to ensure that the moisture sensor 27 works normally, resetting the data of the control computer 21 and the data acquisition instrument, and checking whether the test mechanism is fixed in place;
S3, adjusting the height of the hydraulic lifting cylinder 12 according to a test scheme, and placing different test simulation materials into the material box 5 according to the required working conditions;
S4, starting the vibration table 17, starting a control computer 21 to preset the required earthquake type, adjusting the vibration series and frequency, and observing the data of the moisture sensor 27 in the earthquake simulation test process;
s5, observing deformation conditions of the embankment model 2 according to vibration test time required by a test scheme, closing the control computer 21 in time, and recording and storing sensor data;
S6, resetting the sensor data again, opening the slidable panel 7 or the water valve 8, and releasing the test simulation materials to carry out a secondary disaster simulation test;
s7, adjusting the impact time length and releasing the impact flow per minute according to the simulated working condition, and recording real-time data of an impact process sensor;
s8, after the secondary disaster test is finished, shooting pictures and scale marks 4 through the high-speed image shooting equipment 31, observing the deformation condition of the embankment model, and recording a model destruction mode;
S9, cleaning a test site, resetting the water inlet tank 6 and the water outlet tank 10, analyzing main reasons of the damage of the embankment model 2 according to the summary conclusion, preparing the next test, and repeating S1-S8.
The present application is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily understood by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present application are intended to be included in the scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. The device for simulating the effects of various geological disasters of the embankment model is characterized by comprising a debris flow mountain torrent simulation mechanism, an earthquake simulation mechanism, a test and test mechanism and a test box for accommodating the embankment model; the test box is fixed on the vibrating table; the debris flow mountain torrent simulation mechanism comprises a material box, a water inlet trough, a water outlet trough, a water and soil collecting box and a hydraulic lifting cylinder, wherein the material box is connected with the water inlet trough, the hydraulic lifting cylinder is arranged at the bottom of the material box and the bottom of the water inlet trough to adjust the dip angle of the water inlet trough, two ends of the test box are communicated with the water inlet trough and the water outlet trough, the water outlet trough is connected with the water and soil collecting box, and a filter support is arranged in the water and soil collecting box; the earthquake simulation mechanism comprises a vibrating table, a sliding rail layer and a base layer, wherein the vibrating table is arranged on the sliding rail layer in a sliding manner along a plane under the input of external power, and the sliding rail layer is connected with the base layer through an oil cylinder; the test mechanism comprises an accelerometer, a soil pressure box, a pore pressure meter, a moisture sensor, a flow velocity meter, a displacement meter and photographic equipment, wherein the accelerometer, the soil pressure box, the pore pressure meter and the moisture sensor are embedded in the model, the flow velocity meter is fixed at a water inlet trough near a water outlet and at a water inlet end and a water outlet end of a test box, the photographic equipment is used for collecting live images inside the test box, and the displacement meter is used for collecting displacement conditions of the embankment model.
2. The simulation device for the effects of various geological disasters of the embankment model according to claim 1, wherein a transparent glass panel is adopted on one side of the test box, and graduation marks are drawn on the glass panel.
3. The embankment model of claim 1, wherein the embankment model comprises geogrids arranged in layers and reinforcing bars positioned on the geogrids.
4. The device for simulating the actions of various geological disasters of the embankment model according to claim 1, wherein the test box is connected with the water inlet tank and the water outlet tank respectively through telescopic frames formed by splicing a plurality of section bars.
5. The simulation device for the action of various geological disasters of the embankment model according to claim 1, wherein the water inlet water tank and the water outlet water tank are internally provided with U-shaped sliding grooves so as to be in sealing connection with the water inlet water tank and the water outlet water tank and the test box.
6. The device for simulating the actions of various geological disasters of the embankment model according to claim 1, wherein the water inlet part of the water inlet tank is a slidable panel, a water valve is installed on the slidable panel, and the water valve is connected with a pressure gauge.
7. The embankment model multiple geological disaster effect simulation device according to claim 1, wherein the filtering support comprises a filtering plate and a water permeable geotextile layer positioned on the filtering plate.
8. The embankment model multiple geological disaster action simulation device according to claim 1, wherein the power mechanism for providing power for the vibrating table comprises an oil tank, a transformation relay, a control cabinet and a control computer, the transformation relay, the control cabinet and the control computer are sequentially and electrically connected to control the oil tank to generate linear driving force, and the oil tank is connected with the vibrating table.
9. The device for simulating the actions of various geological disasters of the embankment model according to claim 1, wherein three flowmeters are respectively fixed at the position of the water inlet tank close to the water outlet and at the positions of the test boxes close to the two ends of the embankment model.
10. The embankment model multiple geological disaster acting simulation device according to claim 1, wherein the photographing equipment is fixed at the top of the tail end of a test box, and the test box is connected with a foldable rod piece to adjust the photographing position of the photographing equipment.
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| CN104483082A (en) * | 2014-12-03 | 2015-04-01 | 长安大学 | Device for analyzing stability of embankment under effect of earthquake load and manufacturing method of device |
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| JP4031981B2 (en) * | 2002-12-10 | 2008-01-09 | 住友林業株式会社 | Natural disaster simulation equipment |
| JP6202809B2 (en) * | 2012-02-27 | 2017-09-27 | 一般財団法人砂防フロンティア整備推進機構 | Debris flow inundation area high speed simulation method and debris flow inundation area high speed simulation apparatus |
| CN111855121B (en) * | 2020-08-17 | 2024-03-01 | 昆明理工大学 | Slope instability experimental device and experimental method using rainfall and earthquake as inducements |
| CN112924451A (en) * | 2021-01-28 | 2021-06-08 | 河海大学 | Debris flow accumulation range simulation monitoring device and method |
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| CN104483082A (en) * | 2014-12-03 | 2015-04-01 | 长安大学 | Device for analyzing stability of embankment under effect of earthquake load and manufacturing method of device |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 四川汶川地震-滑坡-泥石流灾害链形成演化过程;张永双;成余粮;姚鑫;王军;吴树仁;王猛;;地质通报;20131215(第12期);全文 * |
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