CN115469135A - Fiber grating current sensor - Google Patents
Fiber grating current sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN115469135A CN115469135A CN202211267087.XA CN202211267087A CN115469135A CN 115469135 A CN115469135 A CN 115469135A CN 202211267087 A CN202211267087 A CN 202211267087A CN 115469135 A CN115469135 A CN 115469135A
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- current sensor
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/0092—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof measuring current only
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R15/00—Details of measuring arrangements of the types provided for in groups G01R17/00 - G01R29/00, G01R33/00 - G01R33/26 or G01R35/00
- G01R15/14—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks
- G01R15/24—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using light-modulating devices
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Measuring Instrument Details And Bridges, And Automatic Balancing Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention provides a fiber grating current sensor which comprises a sensing unit, a reference unit and a packaging shell, wherein the sensing unit comprises a sensing unit body and a sensing unit body; the packaging shell is made of a non-magnetic material; the sensing unit and the reference unit respectively comprise a magnetostrictive material piece, a first sleeve and an optical fiber engraved with a grating, and the magnetostrictive material piece is arranged in the packaging shell; the magnetostrictive material piece is provided with a through hole, the tail end of the optical fiber is exposed out of the packaging shell after the part of the optical fiber, which is not etched with the grating, passes through the through hole, the optical fiber and the surrounding wall of the through hole are glued through an optical glue layer, and the part of the optical fiber, which is positioned outside the magnetostrictive material piece, is wrapped by a first sleeve which plays a role in protection; the sensing unit and the reference unit are arranged vertically to each other; magnetic gathering material pieces are arranged at two ends of the magnetostrictive material piece of the sensing unit. The sensor realizes the field application of the fiber grating current sensor based on the magnetostrictive effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of current sensors, in particular to a fiber grating current sensor.
Background
Along with the development of the power industry, the voltage grade and the current intensity of a power transmission system are higher and higher, and the requirements of novel measurement indexes of a power system can not be met gradually due to the defects of complex manufacturing, difficult insulation, high maintenance cost, magnetic saturation, ferromagnetic resonance and the like of the traditional current transformer. The fiber grating current sensor is a new type of current sensor developed recently, and has very important research value and application prospect in the high-voltage and large-current measurement of a power system due to the advantages of miniaturization, good insulation, high precision, electromagnetic interference resistance and the like. However, the fiber bragg grating has the problems of cross sensitivity between temperature and strain, the giant magnetostrictive material is influenced by temperature, and the like, so that the measurement result is greatly influenced by temperature change, and the measurement result is poor, so that the fiber bragg grating cannot be directly applied to current measurement in an outdoor environment.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a fiber grating current sensor, which is used for solving the problem that the fiber grating is difficult to be directly applied to current measurement in an outdoor environment due to the temperature-strain cross sensitivity characteristic of the fiber grating and the temperature-influenced characteristic of a giant magnetostrictive material.
In the embodiment of the invention, the fiber grating current sensor comprises a sensing unit, a reference unit and an encapsulation shell;
the packaging shell is made of a non-magnetic material; the sensing unit and the reference unit have the same structure and parameters and respectively comprise a magnetostrictive material piece, a first sleeve and an optical fiber engraved with a grating, and the magnetostrictive material piece is arranged in the packaging shell; the magnetostrictive material piece is provided with a through hole, the tail end of the optical fiber is exposed out of the packaging shell after the part of the optical fiber, which is not etched with the grating, passes through the through hole, the tail end is used for being connected with an external optical signal generator, the part of the optical fiber, which is positioned in the through hole, and the surrounding wall of the through hole are glued through an optical glue layer, and the part of the optical fiber, which is positioned outside the magnetostrictive material piece, is wrapped with a first sleeve pipe with a protection effect; the sensing unit and the reference unit are arranged perpendicular to each other; magnetic gathering material pieces are arranged at two ends of the magnetostrictive material piece of the sensing unit.
As a further alternative of the fiber bragg grating current sensor, the sensing unit and the reference unit each further include a capillary glass tube, the capillary glass tube is semi-cylindrical, a lower half part of the optical fiber in the radial direction is glued to the magnetostrictive material piece, and an upper half part of the optical fiber is protected by the capillary glass tube cover.
As a further alternative of the fiber grating current sensor, a mounting hole is opened on a side wall of the package housing, and the magnetic material gathering piece is at least partially embedded in the mounting hole.
As a further alternative of the fiber bragg grating current sensor, a first end surface of the magnetic gathering material piece facing the magnetostrictive material piece is flush with a second end surface of the magnetostrictive material piece facing the magnetic gathering material piece, a groove is formed in the first end surface, and the magnetostrictive material piece can enter the groove after being stretched under the action of an external magnetic field; or a gap is reserved between the first end face and the second end face, so that the magnetostrictive material piece can stretch under the action of an external magnetic field.
As a further alternative of the fiber grating current sensor, the magnetic gathering material is provided as an iron-based nanocrystal.
As a further alternative of the fiber grating current sensor, the package housing includes a first portion for packaging the sensing unit and a second portion for packaging the reference unit, the first portion and the second portion are both quadrangular prisms, and the first portion and the second portion are connected to form a shape of a Chinese character 'tu'.
As a further alternative of the fiber grating current sensor, the package housing is made of a non-magnetic stainless steel material.
As a further alternative of the fiber grating current sensor, the package housing is made of a ceramic material.
As a further alternative of the fiber bragg grating current sensor, the package casing includes an upper casing and a lower casing, grooves for accommodating the magnetostrictive material pieces and the optical fibers are formed in both the upper casing and the lower casing, and the upper casing can be connected to the lower casing in a covering manner.
As a further alternative of the fiber grating current sensor, the outer side of the first sleeve is also wrapped by a second sleeve for protection.
The embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the fiber grating current sensor adopts the packaging shell to package the sensing unit and the reference unit, adopts the comparison of the sensing unit and the reference unit to carry out current measurement, and realizes the field application of the fiber grating current sensor based on the magnetostrictive effect.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an overall structure of a fiber grating current sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
description of the main element symbols:
11-sensing unit, 12-reference unit, 101-magnetostrictive material piece, 102-capillary glass tube, 103-optical fiber, 1031-optical grating, 1032-first sleeve, 1033-second sleeve;
20-the package housing, 21-the first part, 22-the second part;
30-a magnetically concentrating material.
Detailed Description
To facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention will now be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings. The invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like are used herein for purposes of illustration only.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
The embodiment of the invention provides a fiber grating current sensor, which is used for solving the problem that the fiber grating is difficult to be directly applied to current measurement in an outdoor environment due to the temperature-strain cross sensitivity characteristic of the fiber grating and the temperature-influenced characteristic of a giant magnetostrictive material.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the fiber grating current sensor includes a sensing unit 11, a reference unit 12, and an encapsulation housing 20. Wherein, the package housing 20 is made of a non-magnetic material; the sensing unit 11 and the reference unit 12 have the same structure and parameters, and both include a magnetostrictive material piece 101, a first sleeve 1032, and an optical fiber 103 engraved with a grating 1031, the magnetostrictive material piece 101 is disposed in the package housing 20; a through hole is formed in the magnetostrictive material piece 101, the tail end of the optical fiber 103 is exposed out of the packaging shell 20 after the part of the optical fiber 103 not etched with the grating 1031 passes through the through hole, the tail end is used for being connected with an external optical signal generator, the part of the optical fiber 103, which is positioned in the through hole of the magnetostrictive material piece 101, is glued with the surrounding wall of the through hole through an optical glue layer, and the part of the optical fiber 103, which is positioned outside the magnetostrictive material piece 101, is wrapped with a first sleeve 1032 which plays a role in protection; the sensing unit 11 and the reference unit 12 are arranged perpendicular to each other; the magnetostrictive material pieces 101 of the sensor unit 11 are provided with the magnetism collecting material pieces 30 at both ends.
The bonding between the optical fiber 103 and the magnetostrictive material piece 101 is as follows: the two ends of the optical fiber 103 are fixed with the magnetostrictive material piece 101 by a bracket in parallel in the axial direction, and a proper amount of optical glue is injected between the two by utilizing the injection rubber tube to move forwards and backwards and is uniformly coated.
The working process of the fiber bragg grating current sensor is as follows: the fiber bragg grating current sensor is arranged near a current signal to be measured, and optical signals are accessed to the tail ends of the optical fibers 103 of the sensing unit 11 and the reference unit 12; for the sensing unit 11, after a magnetic field generated by a current signal to be measured is polymerized by the magnetism gathering material 30, the polymerized magnetic field acts on the magnetostrictive material 101 of the sensing unit 11, the size of the magnetostrictive material 101 generates strain due to the dual action of the environmental temperature and the magnetic field, the strain is transmitted to the optical fiber 103 through the optical glue layer, the part of the optical fiber 103 engraved with the grating 1031 generates a central wavelength offset, and the central wavelength offset needs to be acquired through an external demodulation system; for the reference unit 12, since the magnetostrictive material piece 101 of the reference unit 12 and the magnetostrictive material piece 101 of the sensing unit 11 are perpendicular to each other, they are not affected by the magnetic field, that is, the strain on the magnetostrictive material piece 101 of the reference unit 12 only includes the portion caused by the temperature, and this strain will also generate the central wavelength offset, and the demodulation system analyzes and processes the difference of the central wavelength offset between the sensing unit 11 and the reference unit 12, so as to obtain the magnitude of the current signal to be measured.
The fiber bragg grating current sensor adopts the packaging shell 20 to package the sensing unit 11 and the reference unit 12, and adopts the sensing unit 11 and the reference unit 12 to compare so as to measure current, so that the field application of the fiber bragg grating current sensor based on the magnetostrictive effect is realized.
In one embodiment, the sensing unit 11 and the reference unit 12 each further include a capillary glass tube 102, the capillary glass tube 102 is semi-cylindrical, a lower half portion of the optical fiber 103 in the radial direction is glued to the magnetostrictive material member 101, and an upper half portion is protected by a cover of the capillary glass tube 102.
In one embodiment, the side wall of the package housing 20 is formed with a mounting hole, and the magnetic material gathering member 30 is at least partially embedded in the mounting hole.
In a specific embodiment, a first end face of the magnetic gathering material piece 30 facing the magnetostrictive material piece 101 is flush with a second end face of the magnetostrictive material piece 101 facing the magnetic gathering material piece 30, a groove is formed in the first end face, and the magnetostrictive material piece 101 can enter the groove after being stretched under the action of an external magnetic field.
In another specific embodiment, a gap is left between the first end surface and the second end surface for the magnetostrictive material piece 101 to elongate under the action of the external magnetic field.
The poly-magnetic material 30 is provided as iron-based nanocrystals.
In one embodiment, the package housing 20 includes a first portion 21 for packaging the sensing unit 11 and a second portion 22 for packaging the reference unit 12, the first portion 21 and the second portion 22 are each a quadrangular prism, and the first portion 21 and the second portion 22 are connected to form a shape of a Chinese character 'tu'.
The advantage of this embodiment is that the prismatic corner structure prevents the package housing 20 from rolling, and the "embossed" structure only forms a protective layer of the necessary thickness on the outside of the sensing cell 11 and the reference cell 12, which saves material.
In one embodiment, the package housing 20 is made of a non-magnetically permeable stainless steel material. In another embodiment, the package housing 20 is made of ceramic. As for the material selection of the package housing 20, it should have the characteristics of wear resistance, heat resistance and corrosion resistance, and have high mechanical strength, can reliably fix the sensing unit 11 and the reference unit 12, and has strong capability of resisting the interference of external factors; meanwhile, the package housing 20 needs to have good heat conduction capability, so that the temperature of the sensing unit 11 and the temperature of the reference unit 12 are kept consistent during the test process, and the influence of the ambient temperature is effectively compensated. Since the ceramic and stainless steel materials are non-magnetic materials and the corrosion resistance, high and low temperature resistance and mechanical strength are higher than those of common steel materials, the stainless steel can be used in practice, but the stainless steel is better than the ceramic materials in terms of heat conduction performance, and therefore, the packaging shell 20 is preferably made of the stainless steel materials in practice.
In one embodiment, the package housing 20 includes an upper housing and a lower housing, the upper housing and the lower housing are both provided with grooves for accommodating the magnetostrictive material piece 101 and the optical fiber 103, and the upper housing can be covered and connected to the lower housing to form the package housing 20.
In one embodiment, the upper and lower housings define threaded openings for receiving threaded fasteners.
In one embodiment, the first sleeve 1032 is also wrapped around the second sleeve 1033 for protection.
In one particular embodiment, first sleeve 1032 is fabricated from polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) plastic or modified polypropylene (PP) plastic; the second sleeve 1033 is made of polyethylene.
In one embodiment, the optical glue layer is formed from 353ND two-part epoxy glue.
The 353ND bi-component epoxy resin adhesive has the advantages of high temperature resistance and no solvent, and belongs to a better cementing layer material.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the claims. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A fiber grating current sensor, comprising: the device comprises a sensing unit, a reference unit and a packaging shell;
the packaging shell is made of a non-magnetic material; the sensing unit and the reference unit have the same structure and parameters and respectively comprise a magnetostrictive material piece, a first sleeve and an optical fiber engraved with a grating, and the magnetostrictive material piece is arranged in the packaging shell; the magnetostrictive material piece is provided with a through hole, the part of the optical fiber, which is not etched with the grating, passes through the through hole and then is exposed out of the packaging shell, the tail end is used for being connected with an external optical signal generator, the part of the optical fiber, which is positioned in the through hole, is adhered to the wall of the through hole through an optical glue layer, and the part of the optical fiber, which is positioned outside the magnetostrictive material piece, is wrapped by a first sleeve pipe which plays a role in protection; the sensing unit and the reference unit are arranged perpendicular to each other; magnetic gathering material pieces are arranged at two ends of the magnetostrictive material piece of the sensing unit.
2. The fiber grating current sensor of claim 1, wherein the sensing unit and the reference unit each further comprise a capillary glass tube, the capillary glass tube being semi-cylindrical, a lower radial half of the optical fiber being glued to the piece of magnetostrictive material, and an upper half being protected by the capillary glass tube cover.
3. The fiber grating current sensor of claim 1, wherein a mounting hole is defined in a sidewall of the package housing, and the magnetic material is at least partially embedded in the mounting hole.
4. The fiber grating current sensor according to claim 3, wherein a first end surface of the magnetic gathering material piece facing the magnetostrictive material piece is flush with a second end surface of the magnetostrictive material piece facing the magnetic gathering material piece, a groove is formed in the first end surface, and the magnetostrictive material piece can enter the groove after being stretched under the action of an external magnetic field; or a gap is reserved between the first end face and the second end face, so that the magnetostrictive material piece can stretch under the action of an external magnetic field.
5. The fiber grating current sensor of claim 1, wherein the piece of magnetic gathering material is provided as an iron-based nanocrystal.
6. The fiber grating current sensor according to claim 1, wherein the package housing comprises a first portion for packaging the sensing unit and a second portion for packaging the reference unit, the first portion and the second portion are both quadrangular prisms, and the first portion and the second portion are connected to form a shape of a Chinese character 'tu'.
7. The fiber grating current sensor of claim 1, wherein the package housing is made of a non-magnetically conductive stainless steel material.
8. The fiber grating current sensor of claim 1, wherein the package housing is made of a ceramic material.
9. The FBG current sensor of claim 1, wherein the package housing includes an upper housing and a lower housing, the upper housing and the lower housing are both provided with grooves for accommodating the magnetostrictive material piece and the optical fiber, and the upper housing can be connected to the lower housing in a covering manner.
10. The fiber grating current sensor of claim 1, wherein the first sleeve is further wrapped with a protective second sleeve.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202211267087.XA CN115469135A (en) | 2022-10-17 | 2022-10-17 | Fiber grating current sensor |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202211267087.XA CN115469135A (en) | 2022-10-17 | 2022-10-17 | Fiber grating current sensor |
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| CN2646718Y (en) * | 2003-08-01 | 2004-10-06 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | Magnetostriction type optical fiber raster current sensor |
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| CN101833022A (en) * | 2009-03-09 | 2010-09-15 | 西北工业大学 | Sensing head of fiber Bragg grating current sensor and making method thereof |
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2022
- 2022-10-17 CN CN202211267087.XA patent/CN115469135A/en active Pending
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| CN2646718Y (en) * | 2003-08-01 | 2004-10-06 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | Magnetostriction type optical fiber raster current sensor |
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