CN115468870A - Multi-axis rotation bending fatigue testing machine - Google Patents
Multi-axis rotation bending fatigue testing machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN115468870A CN115468870A CN202211187904.0A CN202211187904A CN115468870A CN 115468870 A CN115468870 A CN 115468870A CN 202211187904 A CN202211187904 A CN 202211187904A CN 115468870 A CN115468870 A CN 115468870A
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- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000009661 fatigue test Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical group C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
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- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003003 spiro group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/32—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying repeated or pulsating forces
- G01N3/38—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying repeated or pulsating forces generated by electromagnetic means
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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Abstract
The invention relates to a multi-axis rotating bending fatigue testing machine which comprises a machine base frame, wherein a plurality of groups of testing assemblies are arranged on the machine base frame, each group of testing assemblies consists of a power system and a bending moment loading system, the power system provides power to drive a clamping device in the bending moment loading system to rotate so as to drive a test sample to rotate, and the power systems respectively comprise electromagnetic clutches for controlling the on-off of the power transmitted from the power system to the bending moment loading system. Meanwhile, a plurality of samples can be tested, so that the test time and cost are greatly saved, and the repeatability of the fatigue test data is good. The machine is easy to operate, good in self-control performance, small in working rated power, and provided with a plurality of clamping devices, the test sample can be replaced on the premise that the motor of the testing machine is not turned off and the test of test samples of other stations is not influenced, and each station can clamp the test samples of various sizes and shapes meeting the national standard by replacing the clamping devices.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a multi-axis rotation bending fatigue testing machine, and relates to the technical field of material performance testing.
Background
The rotary bending fatigue testing machine is a kind of testing equipment for testing fatigue life and fatigue strength of metal material. With the increasing requirements for the reliability of mechanical components, the components are often required to be subjected to fatigue performance tests for over ten million cycles. Generally, a fatigue test for over ten million cycles is called a super high cycle fatigue test. At present, an ultrasonic fatigue testing machine is adopted to carry out ultra-high cycle fatigue test, and the testing frequency is about 20kHz. However, the difference between the test frequency and the frequency of the component in the actual working state is large, and the test frequency of the ultrasonic fatigue test is large, so that the internal heating of the sample is serious, and the crack initiation rate and the fatigue fracture mechanism of the material are seriously influenced. Therefore, for the rotating component, a sample with the same size or a scaled size is adopted, and a loading mode in a rotating bending mode is adopted, so that the fatigue test frequency and the actual working condition of the workpiece need to be kept consistent or close to each other as much as possible.
The conventional rotary bending fatigue test machine is mainly of a single-shaft type, namely, only one sample can be tested at a time when the rotary bending fatigue test is carried out. When the specimen is not broken after rotating for more than ten million cycles, a lot of time is consumed. Therefore, the multi-axis rotation bending fatigue testing machine is provided, the test of a plurality of samples is simultaneously carried out on one testing machine, and after a certain sample is broken, a new sample can be installed on the premise that the whole testing machine is not stopped, so that the testing efficiency is greatly improved, and the testing time is shortened.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a multi-axis rotation bending fatigue testing machine.
In order to solve the technical problem, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a multiaxis rotation bending fatigue testing machine, includes the frame, be provided with the experimental subassembly of multiunit on the frame, every group test subassembly comprises driving system and moment of flexure loading system, and driving system provides the power and drives the clamping device rotation among the moment of flexure loading system, and then it is rotatory to drive the sample, driving system all includes electromagnetic clutch for the power break-make of control power system transmission to moment of flexure loading system.
Preferably, the test assembly has four groups, and the whole test assembly is arranged in a 2X 2 horizontal symmetrical structure.
Preferably, the frame includes stand, upper plate, lower margin, hinge, baffle and door plant, and the stand passes upper plate and lower plate, through bolt, nut fastening combination frame body, and the lower plate is connected with the lower margin for the leveling of testing machine, has the baffle around the frame body to pass through the screw fixation on upper plate and lower plate, and the door plant is arranged in the frame body left and right sides, links to each other with the baffle through the hinge, and the door plant adopts two formula structures of opening the door, conveniently opens.
Preferably, the power system all includes electromagnetic clutch, take vertical seat bearing, plum blossom shaft coupling and unit head, four power system's of group input all external to same electric assembly, electric assembly includes air-cooled inverter motor, double flute driving pulley, the hold-in range, air-cooled inverter motor fixes the intermediate position at the lower plate, double flute driving pulley installs on air-cooled inverter motor projecting shaft through C shape parallel key, and link to each other with four electromagnetic clutch through two hold-in ranges, wherein every hold-in range transmission connects the electromagnetic clutch of the same side that distributes around, still all be equipped with the take-up pulley between the electromagnetic clutch of the same side that distributes around, be used for adjusting the elasticity of hold-in range, take vertical seat bearing to fix on the upper plate through increasing the base, electromagnetic clutch main shaft output passes through and takes vertical seat bearing, fasten through holding screw, thereby guarantee the normal drive of the relative position of electromagnetic clutch main shaft and hold-in range, electromagnetic clutch main shaft output passes through plum blossom shaft coupling and unit head main shaft input and links to each other, the elastomer inside the plum blossom shaft coupling can fine buffering electromagnetic clutch electric break-make-break vibration that the electric current brought.
Preferably, the power head inner structure comprises a connector, a left end cover, a main shaft, a right end cover, a felt ring oil seal, a shaft check ring, two pairs of angular contact ball bearings and a shell, wherein the connector and the main shaft are in interference fit through an A-type flat key, the connection reliability and the coaxiality are ensured, and the two pairs of angular contact ball bearings are located between the main shaft and the shell.
Preferably, the electromagnetic clutches comprise rotating shafts, rotors, gaskets, sleeves, armatures, moving plates, armatures, spring pieces, rubber gaskets, driven pulleys, deep groove ball bearings, blocking pieces and sealing end covers, the rotors are sleeved on the rotating shafts in an interference fit mode through A-type flat keys, inner rings of the sleeves are installed in grooves in the left sides of the rotors, the armatures are sleeved on outer rings of the sleeves, the left sides of the sleeves are connected with the gaskets, axial movement of parts on the left sides of the rotors is fixed through shaft retaining rings, the moving plates are installed in grooves in the right sides of the rotors through screws, the deep groove ball bearings are installed in the driven pulleys and sleeved on the rotors, the rubber gaskets are connected to the left sides and the right sides of the deep groove ball bearings, the right side rubber gaskets are connected with the sealing end covers, the sealing end covers are connected with the shaft retaining rings to limit axial movement of the parts on the right sides of the rotors, the blocking pieces are completely sealed on the right sides of the driven pulleys, the spring pieces are connected with the spring pieces through the springs through the bolts, magnetic forces are generated when armature coils are electrified, the spring pieces are stretched under the action of the electromagnetic forces, and the moving plates and the armatures and the armature are attracted together, so that the electromagnetic clutches are in a joint state; when the coil is powered off, the magnetic force disappears, the armature rebounds under the action of the spring piece, and the electromagnetic clutch is in a separation state.
Preferably, the bending moment loading system comprises a clamping device, a balancing device, a retainer, a tail end bearing seat, a lifting ring, a spring, a weight plate and weights, one end of the clamping device is connected with an inner hole of an output end of a main shaft of the power head through six fastening screws arranged in a facing mode, one end of the clamping device penetrates through an aligning ball bearing in the tail end bearing seat and is fixed through a check ring through a hole, the retainer is fixed on an upper base plate, the left end of the clamping device penetrates through a round hole of the retainer, the lifting ring is connected below the tail end bearing seat through a threaded hole, the spring is hung on the lifting ring, the round hole above the weight plate penetrates through the spring, the weights are hung at the bottom, the split ring balancing device is connected above the tail end bearing seat in a round mode, under the condition that the weights are not loaded, the balancing device can balance bending moment borne by the sample due to the weight of the parts, the bending moment borne by the sample under the condition that no load is applied is zero, the spring can absorb vibration and impact energy brought by the broken sample, and the ball bearing in the tail end bearing seat can compensate errors caused by different axialities and shaft deflection.
Preferably, the clamping devices comprise a left clamp, an ER-type collet nut, a sample and a right clamp, the ER-type collet is clamped in a clamping groove of the ER-type collet nut and is screwed into inner holes of the left clamp and the right clamp respectively through threads, the left end and the right end of the sample extend into the ER-type collet, and the sample can be clamped by screwing the ER-type collet nut.
Preferably, the balancing devices comprise balance wheels, flat washers, nuts, wheel shafts, vertical frames, steel wire ropes, balancing weights and limiting rings, the vertical frames are fixed on the upper base plate, the wheel shafts are inserted into round holes above the vertical frames, the balance wheels penetrate through the wheel shafts and are fixed through the nuts and the flat washers, the steel wire ropes surround grooves of the balance wheels, one ends of the steel wire ropes are connected with the tail end bearing seats, the other ends of the steel wire ropes are connected with the balancing weights, the limiting rings are fixed on the balancing weights, when a sample is broken, the balancing weights can move upwards while the weight plates move downwards, the limiting rings can touch the upper base plate, and the weight plates are prevented from moving continuously.
Preferably, each group of test components further comprises a control system, the control system comprises a high-temperature furnace, a proximity switch, a control box, a counting sensor and an emergency stop button, the high-temperature furnace is fixed on the upper bottom plate, the counting sensor is placed below the input end of the power head spindle through a support, the proximity switch is placed below the left clamp through a support, the emergency stop button is placed on the control box, a controller is arranged in the control box and can control the starting of a power supply, the rotating speed of a motor, the temperature of the high-temperature furnace, the current of an electromagnetic clutch, parameter setting and data recording, the emergency stop button can be pressed to disconnect the power supply of the testing machine in case of emergency, the high-temperature furnace is of a circular open structure, the open structure is convenient for clamping a sample and disassembling the clamp, the high-temperature furnace is divided into an upper part and a lower part, install quick anchor clamps and can pin upper and lower part, the handle is installed to the upper portion and conveniently opens the high temperature furnace, proximity switch is touching proximity sensor, when the sample of certain station broke among the experimentation, left side anchor clamps can touch proximity switch, thereby the control box obtains the operation of the electromagnetic clutch electric current of signal disconnection this station and high temperature furnace, the experimental data of this station is preserved, the count sensor is magnetic sensor, its above-mentioned unit head main shaft has the powerful magnet piece through bolted connection, the unit head main shaft is once rotatory, magnetic sensor receives the signal, the control box count 1, or the control box sets up the count multiplying power and is n, the rotatory n circle of sample promptly, count 1, then the biggest count numerical value is 999999 x n week, wherein n is the integer between 1-9999.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention can carry out the rotary bending fatigue test on the standard sample of the metal material under the conditions of room temperature and high temperature, test the fatigue strength and the fatigue life, and can carry out the test of a plurality of samples at the maximum rotating speed of 9000r/min by the mode of frequency conversion regulation and control, thereby greatly saving the test time and the cost and having good data repeatability of the fatigue test. The machine is easy to operate, good in self-control performance, small in working rated power, and provided with a plurality of clamping devices, the test sample can be replaced on the premise that the motor of the testing machine is not turned off and the test of test samples of other stations is not influenced, and each station can clamp the test samples of various sizes and shapes meeting the national standard by replacing the clamping devices.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an isometric view of the overall structure of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of one station of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a right side view of the overall structure of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the power head of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the electromagnetic clutch of the present invention.
Figure 6 is an isometric view of a clamping device of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is an isometric view of a balancing apparatus of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further explained by the following embodiments in conjunction with the drawings.
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the present embodiment provides a multi-axis rotational bending fatigue testing machine, which is particularly suitable for an ultrahigh-cycle rotational bending fatigue test of a metal material. The test device comprises a machine base frame, a plurality of groups of test assemblies are arranged on the machine base frame, each group of test assemblies is composed of a power system and a bending moment loading system, the power system provides power to drive a clamping device in the bending moment loading system to rotate, so that a test sample is driven to rotate, and the power systems all comprise electromagnetic clutches and are used for controlling the power on-off of the power systems transmitted to the bending moment loading system.
In the embodiment of the invention, the test assembly has four groups, and the whole test assembly is arranged in a 2 x 2 horizontal symmetrical structure. The fatigue life and fatigue strength tests of a plurality of samples can be simultaneously realized.
In the embodiment of the invention, the base frame comprises an upright post 5, an upper base plate 9, a lower base plate 2, feet 1, hinges 8, a baffle 28 and a door plate 4, wherein the upright post penetrates through the upper base plate and the lower base plate and is fastened and combined into a frame body through bolts and nuts, the lower base plate is connected with the feet and is used for leveling the testing machine, the front baffle and the rear baffle of the frame body are fixed on the upper base plate and the lower base plate through screws, the door plate is arranged on the left side and the right side of the frame body and is connected with the baffle through the hinges, and the door plate is of a double-door structure and can be opened conveniently to load weights.
In the embodiment of the invention, the power systems all comprise electromagnetic clutches 23, bearings with vertical seats 21, plum blossom couplings 20 and power heads 18, the input ends of the four power systems are externally connected to the same electric assembly, the electric assembly comprises an air-cooled variable frequency motor 25, a double-groove driving pulley 26 and synchronous belts 24, the air-cooled variable frequency motor is fixed in the middle of a lower base plate, the double-groove driving pulley is installed on an extension shaft of the air-cooled variable frequency motor through a C-shaped flat key and is connected with the four electromagnetic clutches through two synchronous belts, each synchronous belt is connected with the electromagnetic clutches on the same end side distributed in the front and back, the synchronous belt transmission ratio is accurate and is suitable for high-speed transmission, tension pulleys 22 are arranged between the electromagnetic clutches on the same end sides distributed in the front and back for adjusting the tightness of the synchronous belts, the bearings with the vertical seats are fixed on the upper base plate through heightened bases, the output ends of the main shafts of the electromagnetic clutches penetrate through the bearings with the vertical seats and are fastened through set screws, so that the relative positions of the main shafts of the electromagnetic clutches and the normal transmission of the main shafts of the electromagnetic clutches are ensured, the main shafts of the electromagnetic clutches, the output ends of the main shafts of the electromagnetic clutches are connected with the main shafts of the electromagnetic clutches through the plum blossom couplings, and the elastic bodies in the plum blossom couplings can well buffer the power heads to buffer the vibration brought by on-off current of the synchronous belts.
In the embodiment of the invention, the internal structure of the power head consists of a connector 30, a left end cover 31, a main shaft 32, a right end cover 36, a felt oil seal 37, a shaft retainer ring 33, two pairs of angular contact ball bearings 34 and a shell 35, the connector and the main shaft are in interference fit through an A-type flat key, so that the connection reliability and the coaxiality are ensured, and the two pairs of angular contact ball bearings are positioned between the main shaft and the shell. The main shaft is positioned by a shaft shoulder and a retaining ring for the shaft, the outer ring of the angular contact ball bearing is connected with a shell, the two sides of the shell are connected with a left end cover and a right end cover by screws, and felt ring oil seals are arranged in the end covers. The adoption of two pairs of angular contact ball bearings can ensure the precision and the bearing capacity of high-speed rotation.
In the embodiment of the invention, the electromagnetic clutches comprise a rotating shaft 38, a rotor 39, a gasket 40, a sleeve 41, an armature 42, a moving plate 43, an armature 44, a spring piece 45, a rubber gasket 46, a driven pulley 47, a deep groove ball bearing 48, a baffle 49 and a sealing end cover 50, wherein the rotor is sleeved on the rotating shaft through an A-type flat key in an interference fit manner, the inner ring of the sleeve is arranged in a groove on the left side of the rotor, the outer ring of the sleeve is sleeved with the armature and is connected with the gasket on the left side, the moving plate is arranged in a groove on the right side of the rotor through a baffle ring for a shaft, the deep groove ball bearing is arranged in the driven pulley and is sleeved on the rotor, the left side and the right side of the deep groove ball bearing are connected with the rubber gasket, the right side rubber gasket is connected with the sealing end cover, the sealing end cover is connected with the baffle ring for the shaft to limit the axial movement of parts on the right side of the rotor, the right side of the driven pulley is connected with the baffle through a screw to completely seal the parts, the driven pulley is connected with the spring piece, the left side of the spring piece is connected with the armature through a screw, magnetic force is generated when the armature coil is electrified, and is stretched under the action of the electromagnetic force, the spring piece and is attracted, so that the spring piece and the armature is attracted together, and the armature is attracted, and the electromagnetic clutch is in a joint state; when the coil is powered off, the magnetic force disappears, the armature rebounds under the action of the spring piece, and the electromagnetic clutch is in a separation state.
In the embodiment of the invention, the bending moment loading systems all comprise a clamping device 16, a balancing device 13, a retainer 14, a tail end bearing seat 12, a lifting ring 11, a spring 10, a weight disk 6 and weights 7, wherein one end of the clamping device is connected with an inner hole of an output end of a main shaft of a power head through six fastening screws arranged in a facing manner, one end of the clamping device penetrates through a self-aligning ball bearing in the tail end bearing seat and is fixed by a retainer ring through a hole, the retainer is fixed on an upper base plate, the left end of the clamping device penetrates through a round hole of the retainer, the lifting ring is connected below the tail end bearing seat through a threaded hole, the spring is hung on the lifting ring, the round hole above the weight disk penetrates through the spring, the weights are hung at the bottom, a round split ring is arranged above the tail end bearing seat and is connected with the balancing device, under the condition of no weight loading, the balancing device can balance the bending moment borne by a sample due to the weight of parts, the sample is guaranteed to be zero under the condition of no loading, the vibration and impact energy brought by the sample fracture, and the self-aligning ball bearing in the tail end bearing seat can compensate errors caused by different axial degrees and shaft deflection. The holder comprises last support body 101, lower support body 102, goes up the support body and all sets up the semicircle orifice at the linking edge with lower support body, and the round hole is pieced together to upper and lower semicircle orifice, and wherein go up the support body and all pass through screw rod 103 with lower support body, and spiro union lock nut carries out the locking location to last support body and lower support body on the screw rod, can adjust upper and lower support body height through twisting the lock nut on moving the holder, and then adjusts the height of holder round hole, prevents clamping device touching holder after the loading.
In the embodiment of the invention, the clamping devices all comprise a left clamp 51, an ER-type collet 53, an ER-type collet nut 52, a sample 54 and a right clamp 55, wherein the ER-type collet is clamped in a clamping groove of the ER-type collet nut and is respectively screwed into inner holes of the left clamp and the right clamp through threads, the left end and the right end of the sample extend into the ER-type collet, and the sample can be clamped by screwing the ER-type collet nut. The ER type collet chuck has high precision and large clamping force, and ensures the coaxiality of a sample in the test process and avoids displacement.
In the embodiment of the invention, the balancing devices all comprise balance wheels 56, a flat washer 57, nuts 58, axles 59, a vertical frame 60, steel wire ropes 61, balancing weights 62 and a limiting ring 63, the vertical frame is fixed on the upper base plate, the axles are inserted into round holes above the vertical frame, the balance wheels pass through the axles and are fixed through the nuts and the flat washer, the steel wire ropes surround grooves of the balance wheels, one ends of the steel wire ropes are connected with tail end bearing seats, the other ends of the steel wire ropes are connected with the balancing weights, the limiting ring is fixed above the balancing weights, when a sample is broken, the balancing weights move upwards while the weight disks move downwards, and the limiting ring touches the upper base plate to prevent the weight disks from moving continuously.
In the embodiment of the invention, each group of test components also comprises a control system, the control system comprises a high-temperature furnace 17, a proximity switch 15, a control box 27, a counting sensor 19 and an emergency stop button 29, the high-temperature furnace is fixed on an upper bottom plate, the counting sensor is placed below the input end of a power head spindle through a support, the proximity switch is placed below a left clamp through the support, the emergency stop button is positioned on the control box, various controllers are arranged in the control box and can control the starting of a power supply, the rotating speed of a motor, the temperature of the high-temperature furnace, the current of an electromagnetic clutch, various parameter settings and data recording, the emergency can cut off the power supply of the testing machine by pressing the emergency stop button, the high-temperature furnace is of a round open structure, the clamping of a sample and the disassembly of the clamp can be conveniently carried out on the open structure, the high-temperature furnace is divided into an upper part and a lower part, install quick anchor clamps and can lock upper and lower part, the handle is installed to the upper portion and conveniently opens the high temperature furnace, proximity switch is touch proximity sensor, when the sample of certain station broke among the testing process, left side anchor clamps can touch proximity switch, thereby the control box obtains the electromagnetic clutch electric current of signal disconnection this station and the operation of high temperature furnace, the experimental data of this station is preserved, count sensor is magnetic sensor, the power head main shaft of its top has the strong magnet piece through screwed connection, the power head main shaft is once rotatory, magnetic sensor receives the signal, the control box counts 1, or the control box sets up the count multiplying power and is n, namely the sample rotates n rings, count 1, then the biggest count numerical value is 999999 x n week, wherein n is the integer between 1-9999.
In the embodiment of the invention, the working method of the multi-axis rotation bending fatigue testing machine is as follows:
in each group of test assemblies, a left clamp and a right clamp are used for firmly clamping a sample, then two ends of a clamping device are respectively connected with the output end of a power head main shaft and a tail end self-aligning bearing, then the weight of a balancing weight in a bending moment loading system is adjusted to be completely balanced with the clamping device so as to ensure that the force borne by the sample is the weight of bending moment loading applied on a weight plate, a fastening screw at the output end of the power head main shaft is screwed to be matched with a dial indicator to adjust the circular run-out of the center of the sample and lock the sample, finally, if a station needs to be provided, a high-temperature furnace is used for covering and locking a quick clamp, and the sample at each station is sequentially clamped and debugged according to the method. And opening the control computer, adjusting the temperature of the high-temperature furnace, turning on the motor when the temperature reaches the required temperature, and gradually adding the load to 100% of the weight plate, so that the sample is subjected to a circulating bending stress, and the stress ratio is-1. Meanwhile, a sensor placed below the input end of a main shaft of the power head records the rotation times of a sample and displays the rotation times through a control box, a proximity switch is installed in a retainer to ensure that the contact of a clamp cannot be caused due to the deformation of the sample caused by the application of load, if the sample at a certain station is broken, a left clamp can touch the proximity switch in the descending process, a control computer can transmit signals to automatically close the current on an electromagnetic clutch, an armature of the clutch stops electrifying, a moving plate loses magnetism, a spring connected with the armature recovers, a connecting sample shaft stops rotating, only a driven wheel on the electromagnetic clutch rotates, a high-temperature furnace at the station stops heating, the control box can automatically record test data of the station, and when the high-temperature furnace is naturally cooled, the clamp at the station can be taken out to replace the sample. If the samples on the four stations are all broken, the control computer can store all test data and automatically turn off the power supply of the whole testing machine.
The loading of the test is determined according to the specific situation of the test sample, and if the test sample is a funnel-shaped test sample, the relation among the stress, the load and the moment of the test sample is as follows:
wherein I is the moment of inertia of the circular section of the sample, D is the diameter of the middle part of the sample, M is the bending moment, F is the applied force, L is the loading force arm,
Is a bending stress.
Besides, an upper limit of the rotation frequency of each station can be set on the control box, if the sample is not broken after reaching the preset cycle frequency, the control computer can automatically close the current of the electromagnetic clutch of the station and the high-temperature furnace and record test data, and if the sample needs to be replaced in advance, any station test can be manually closed through the control computer.
The foregoing is directed to preferred embodiments of the present invention, other and further embodiments of the invention may be devised without departing from the basic scope thereof, and the scope thereof is determined by the claims that follow. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention will still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A multiaxial rotation bending fatigue testing machine is characterized in that: the test device comprises a machine base frame, a plurality of groups of test assemblies are arranged on the machine base frame, each group of test assemblies is composed of a power system and a bending moment loading system, the power system provides power to drive a clamping device in the bending moment loading system to rotate, so that a test sample is driven to rotate, and the power systems all comprise electromagnetic clutches and are used for controlling the power on-off of the power systems transmitted to the bending moment loading system.
2. The multi-axis rotational bending fatigue testing machine of claim 1, wherein: the test assembly has four groups, and the whole test assembly is arranged in a 2 x 2 horizontal symmetrical structure.
3. The multi-axis rotational bending fatigue testing machine of claim 2, wherein: the frame comprises stand columns, an upper base plate, a lower base plate, ground feet, hinges, a baffle and a door plate, wherein the stand columns penetrate through the upper base plate and the lower base plate and are fastened and combined into a frame body through bolts and nuts, the lower base plate is connected with the ground feet and used for leveling a testing machine, the baffle is fixed to the upper base plate and the lower base plate through screws around the frame body, the door plate is arranged on the left side and the right side of the frame body and connected with the baffle through the hinges, and the door plate is of a double-door structure and is convenient to open.
4. The multi-axis rotational bending fatigue testing machine of claim 3, wherein: the power system all includes electromagnetic clutch, take vertical pedestal bearing, plum blossom shaft coupling and unit head, four power system's of group input all is external to same electric component, electric component includes air-cooled inverter motor, double flute driving pulley, the hold-in range, air-cooled inverter motor fixes the intermediate position at the bottom plate, double flute driving pulley passes through C shape parallel key and installs on air-cooled inverter motor projecting shaft, and link to each other with four electromagnetic clutch through two hold-in ranges, wherein the same side electromagnetic clutch that distributes around every hold-in range transmission connection, still all be equipped with the take-up pulley between the same side electromagnetic clutch that distributes around, be used for adjusting the elasticity of hold-in range, take vertical pedestal bearing to fix on the bottom plate through increasing the base, the vertical pedestal bearing is worn to the electromagnetic clutch main shaft output, fasten through holding screw, thereby guarantee the normal drive of the relative position of electromagnetic clutch main shaft and hold-in range, the electromagnetic clutch main shaft output passes through plum blossom shaft coupling and links to each other with unit head main shaft input, the inside elastomer of plum blossom shaft coupling can fine buffering the vibration that the electromagnetic clutch current brought.
5. The multi-axis rotational bending fatigue testing machine of claim 4, wherein: the power head is characterized in that the inner structure of the power head consists of a connector, a left end cover, a main shaft, a right end cover, a felt ring oil seal, a shaft check ring, two pairs of angular contact ball bearings and a shell, the connector and the main shaft are in interference fit through an A-shaped flat key, the reliability and the coaxiality of connection are guaranteed, and the two pairs of angular contact ball bearings are located between the main shaft and the shell.
6. The multi-axis rotational bending fatigue testing machine of claim 4, wherein: the electromagnetic clutches comprise rotating shafts, rotors, gaskets, sleeves, armatures, moving plates, armatures, spring pieces, rubber gaskets, driven pulleys, deep groove ball bearings, blocking pieces and sealing end covers, the rotors are sleeved on the rotating shafts in an interference fit mode through A-type flat keys, inner rings of the sleeves are installed in grooves in the left sides of the rotors, the armatures are sleeved on outer rings of the sleeves, the gaskets are connected to the left sides of the sleeves, axial movement of parts on the left sides of the rotors is fixed through shaft retaining rings, the moving plates are installed in grooves in the right sides of the rotors through screws, the deep groove ball bearings are installed in the driven pulleys and sleeved on the rotors, the rubber gaskets are connected to the left sides and the right sides of the deep groove ball bearings, the right rubber gaskets are connected with the sealing end covers, the shaft retaining rings are connected to the sealing end covers to limit axial movement of the parts on the right sides of the rotors, the parts are completely sealed through the blocking pieces on the driven pulleys, the spring pieces are connected with the armature through the screws, magnetic forces are generated when the armature coils are electrified, the spring pieces are stretched under the action of electromagnetic forces, the moving plates and the armatures are attracted together, so that the electromagnetic clutches are in a joint state; when the coil is powered off, the magnetic force disappears, the armature rebounds under the action of the spring piece, and the electromagnetic clutch is in a separated state.
7. The multi-axis rotational bending fatigue testing machine of claim 4, wherein: the bending moment loading system comprises a clamping device, a balancing device, a retainer, a tail end bearing seat, a lifting ring, a spring, a weight disc and weights, wherein one end of the clamping device is connected with an inner hole of a main shaft output end of a power head through six fastening screws arranged in a facing mode, one end of the clamping device penetrates through an aligning ball bearing in the tail end bearing seat and is fixed through a check ring through a hole, the retainer is fixed on an upper base plate, the left end of the clamping device penetrates through a round hole of the retainer, the lifting ring is connected below the tail end bearing seat through a threaded hole, the spring is hung on the lifting ring, the round hole above the weight disc penetrates through the spring, the weight is hung at the bottom of the round hole, the round split ring is connected with the balancing device above the tail end bearing seat, under the condition of no-loading weight, the balancing device can balance bending moment borne by a sample due to the weight of parts, the bending moment borne by the sample under the condition of no-loading is guaranteed to be zero, the spring can absorb vibration and impact energy brought by the sample fracture, and the aligning ball bearing in the tail end bearing seat can compensate errors caused by the axiality and shaft deflection.
8. The multi-axis rotational bending fatigue testing machine of claim 7, wherein: the clamping devices comprise a left clamp, an ER-type spring chuck, an ER-type chuck nut, a sample and a right clamp, the ER-type spring chuck is clamped in a clamping groove of the ER-type chuck nut and is screwed into inner holes of the left clamp and the right clamp through threads respectively, the left end and the right end of the sample extend into the ER-type spring chuck, and the sample can be clamped by screwing the ER-type chuck nut.
9. The multi-axis rotational bending fatigue testing machine of claim 7, wherein: the balance device comprises balance wheels, flat gaskets, nuts, wheel shafts, a vertical frame, a steel wire rope, balancing weights and limiting rings, the vertical frame is fixed on the upper base plate, the wheel shafts are inserted into round holes above the vertical frame, the balance wheels penetrate through the wheel shafts and are fixed through the nuts and the flat gaskets, the steel wire rope surrounds grooves of the balance wheels, one end of each steel wire rope is connected with the tail end bearing seat, the other end of each steel wire rope is connected with the balancing weights, the limiting rings are fixed on the balancing weights, when a sample is broken, the weight discs move downwards while the balancing weights move upwards, the limiting rings touch the upper base plate, and the weight discs are prevented from continuing to move.
10. The multi-axis rotational bending fatigue testing machine of claim 8, wherein: each group of test components also comprises a control system, the control system comprises a high-temperature furnace, a proximity switch, a control box, a counting sensor and an emergency stop button, the high-temperature furnace is fixed on an upper bottom plate, the counting sensor is placed below the input end of a power head main shaft through a bracket, the proximity switch is positioned below a left clamp through a bracket, the emergency stop button is positioned on the control box, a controller is arranged in the control box and can control the starting of a power supply, the rotating speed of a motor, the temperature of the high-temperature furnace, the current of an electromagnetic clutch, the setting of parameters and the data recording, the emergency stop button can be pressed to disconnect the power supply of the testing machine, the high-temperature furnace is of a round open structure, the clamping of a sample and the disassembly of the clamp are conveniently carried out on the open structure, the high-temperature furnace is divided into an upper part and a lower part, install quick anchor clamps and can pin upper and lower part, the handle is installed to the upper portion and conveniently opens the high temperature furnace, proximity switch is touching proximity sensor, when the sample of certain station broke among the experimentation, left side anchor clamps can touch proximity switch, thereby the control box obtains the operation of the electromagnetic clutch electric current of signal disconnection this station and high temperature furnace, the experimental data of this station is preserved, the count sensor is magnetic sensor, its above-mentioned unit head main shaft has the powerful magnet piece through bolted connection, the unit head main shaft is once rotatory, magnetic sensor receives the signal, the control box count 1, or the control box sets up the count multiplying power and is n, the rotatory n circle of sample promptly, count 1, then the biggest count numerical value is 999999 x n week, wherein n is the integer between 1-9999.
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