CN115463505A - Waste gas treatment system and method in crushing and separating process of waste refrigerator - Google Patents

Waste gas treatment system and method in crushing and separating process of waste refrigerator Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115463505A
CN115463505A CN202110652062.0A CN202110652062A CN115463505A CN 115463505 A CN115463505 A CN 115463505A CN 202110652062 A CN202110652062 A CN 202110652062A CN 115463505 A CN115463505 A CN 115463505A
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China
Prior art keywords
waste
waste gas
crushing
tower
gas treatment
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CN202110652062.0A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李静
朱炳龙
付彪
印霞棐
梁国斌
姜炜
樊飞
周全法
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Jiangsu Ningda Environmental Protection Co ltd
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Jiangsu Ningda Environmental Protection Co ltd
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Priority to CN202110652062.0A priority Critical patent/CN115463505A/en
Publication of CN115463505A publication Critical patent/CN115463505A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/007—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by irradiation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
    • B01D53/8678—Removing components of undefined structure
    • B01D53/8687—Organic components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/70—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/602
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
    • B01D2259/80—Employing electric, magnetic, electromagnetic or wave energy, or particle radiation
    • B01D2259/804—UV light
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/82—Recycling of waste of electrical or electronic equipment [WEEE]

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a waste gas treatment system and a waste gas treatment method in a crushing and separating process of a waste refrigerator. The invention avoids the frequent replacement of the active carbon, reduces the waste gas treatment cost and realizes the stable standard emission of the waste gas.

Description

Waste gas treatment system and method in crushing and separating process of waste refrigerator
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of waste gas treatment, in particular to a waste gas treatment system and a waste gas treatment method in a crushing and separating process of a waste refrigerator.
Background
With the rapid development of economy and the popularization of electric appliances, the quantity of electric and electronic products in China is increased rapidly, and the development of the recycling industry is driven. By the end of 2018, the total annual treatment capacity of the 109 waste electric and electronic products for treating waste 'four computers one brain' of qualified enterprises is about 1.5 hundred million; 8100.5 ten thousand units of disassembly treatment are carried out, the total weight is about 200.6 ten thousand tons, the increase is 1.01 percent on the same ratio, and the generated disassembly treatment product is about 199.6 ten thousand tons. In 2018, the number of the waste refrigerator in the waste electrical and electronic products disassembled and processed by processing enterprises is 921.8 thousands, which accounts for 11.4 percent and is increased by 14.6 percent compared with 2017.
The main technological process of the prior domestic waste refrigerator dismantling treatment comprises pre-dismantling, primary box body crushing, secondary closed crushing, foam crushing and volume reduction, magnetic separation, eddy current electric separation and the like; after the pre-disassembly treatment, the box body treatment realizes the mechanical operation of crushing, separating and recovering the whole machine, and the system comprises a tunnel type refrigerator feeding conveyor, a four-shaft chopper, a conveyor, a gold-plastic separator, a magnetic separator, an eddy current separator, a dust remover, a belt conveyor, a foam crusher, a foam compressor, an electric control system and other equipment.
In the whole machine crushing, separating and recycling process of the waste refrigerator body, a plurality of waste gases are generated, main pollutants of the waste gases are dust, odor, non-methane total hydrocarbons (VOCs) and the like, most of the waste gases subjected to crushing-sorting treatment of the refrigerator by the existing disassembling enterprises adopt a cloth bag dust removal-activated carbon adsorption treatment mode, and due to the fact that the activated carbon adsorption capacity is limited, the replacement is frequent, and stable standard discharge is difficult to achieve. With the stricter and stricter environmental management policies, the traditional treatment mode is not suitable for improving the sustainable development of the industry.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide the waste gas treatment system for the crushing and separating process of the waste refrigerator, which avoids frequent replacement of activated carbon and reduces the waste gas treatment cost.
The technical scheme for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: the waste gas treatment system comprises a closed collection system, a physical dust removal system, a UV photocatalytic degradation system and a wet catalytic absorption system which are sequentially connected.
The technical scheme is that the closed collection system consists of an air suction hood, a pipeline and an induced draft fan. The double-shaft shredder is characterized by comprising an air suction cover, an air suction pipeline and a first induced draft fan, wherein the air suction cover is arranged in a closed room; the exhaust port of the cyclone dust collector of the high-speed crusher, a pipeline connected with the exhaust port of the cyclone dust collector, a second induced draft fan, the exhaust port of the polyurethane foam compressor, a pipeline connected with the exhaust port of the polyurethane foam compressor and a third induced draft fan are arranged; the first induced draft fan, the second induced draft fan and the third induced draft fan are connected with the physical dust removal device through pipelines;
the physical dust removal system in the technical scheme is characterized by comprising a multilayer gravity settling chamber and a pulse filter element dust remover; the multilayer gravity settling chamber is connected with a first induced draft fan, a second induced draft fan and a third induced draft fan of the closed collection system, and a pulse filter element dust remover is connected behind the multilayer gravity settling chamber; the gas flow velocity in the multilayer gravity settling chamber is 0.5-1.5m/s.
The UV photocatalytic degradation system in the technical scheme is characterized by comprising a carbon felt filter and a UV photolysis chamber; the carbon felt filter is connected with the pulse filter element dust remover, and the rear part of the carbon felt filter is connected with the UV photolysis chamber; in the operation process, the waste gas enters a photolysis chamber after being deeply dedusted by a carbon felt filter, 4 rows of ultraviolet lamp tubes are arranged in the photolysis chamber and are UV lamp tubes, the power is 60W-120W, a catalyst plate is arranged between two adjacent rows of ultraviolet lamp tubes, and the flow rate of the gas is controlled to be 0.8-2.5m/s.
The wet catalytic absorption system in the technical scheme comprises an acidic catalytic oxidation spray tower, an alkaline spray absorption tower and an exhaust stack; the acidic catalytic oxidation spray tower is connected with the UV photolysis chamber; and an alkaline spray absorption tower is connected behind the acidic catalytic oxidation tower, and an exhaust cylinder is connected behind the alkaline spray absorption tower.
According to the technical scheme, the catalytic filler is filled in the acid catalytic oxidation spray tower layer by layer from bottom to top, the top of the tower is provided with the gas-liquid separator, and the catalytic filler is a spherical iron-carbon-loaded rare earth composite material.
According to the technical scheme, pall ring packing is filled in the alkaline spray absorption tower layer by layer from bottom to top, a gas-liquid separator is arranged at the top of the tower, the wind speed in the tower is 0.5-2m/s, and the pH of spray liquid is 9-11; spraying speed of 30-50m 3 /h；。
According to the normal-temperature wet catalytic oxidation treatment in the technical scheme, a ferrous sulfate solution and a hydrogen peroxide solution are added into a normal-temperature wet catalytic oxidation tower in the operation process, the addition amount can be adjusted according to the change of the pH value of spray liquid in the tower, the air speed in the normal-temperature wet catalytic oxidation tower is controlled to be 0.5-2m/s in the operation process, and the pH value of the spray liquid is controlled to be 3-5; the spraying speed is 30-50m 3 /h。
The waste gas treatment method is characterized by comprising the steps of waste gas collection, dust removal, UV photolysis and normal-temperature wet catalytic oxidation in sequence, and the waste gas is purified and discharged through an exhaust funnel after reaching the standard.
After the technical scheme is adopted, the invention has the following positive effects:
(1) The invention avoids the frequent replacement of the active carbon, reduces the treatment cost by more than 30 percent, has good waste gas treatment effect and realizes the stable standard-reaching emission of the waste gas.
(2) The pulse dust removal efficiency is more than 98 percent; the removal rate of UV photolysis VOC is more than 60%, the removal rate of normal-temperature wet catalysis VOC is more than 80%, and the removal rate of VOC in the whole system is more than 90%.
Drawings
In order that the present disclosure may be more readily and clearly understood, reference is now made to the following detailed description of the present disclosure taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an exhaust gas treatment system and an exhaust gas treatment process according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a flowchart of an exhaust gas treatment system and an exhaust gas treatment process according to example 5 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
(example 1)
Referring to fig. 1, the invention comprises a closed collection system 1, a physical dust removal system 2, a UV photocatalytic degradation system 3 and a wet catalytic absorption system 4 which are connected in sequence.
The closed collection system 1 comprises an air draft hood 5 and an induced draft fan 6 connected with the air draft hood 5 through an air draft pipeline; the draught fan 6 is connected with the physical dust removing device 2.
The physical dust removal system 2 comprises a multilayer gravity settling chamber 7 and a pulse filter element dust remover 8; the gravity settling chamber is connected with a draught fan 6 of the closed collection system 1, and the output end of the multilayer gravity settling chamber 7 is connected with a pulse filter element dust remover 8; the gas flow velocity in the multi-layer gravity settling chamber 7 is 0.5-1.5m/s.
The UV photocatalytic degradation system 3 comprises a carbon felt filter 9 and a UV photolysis chamber 10; the carbon felt filter 9 is connected with the pulse filter core dust remover 8, and the output end of the carbon felt filter 9 is connected with the UV photolysis 10 chamber; a plurality of ultraviolet lamp tubes are arranged in the UV photolysis chamber 10, and a catalyst plate is arranged between two adjacent rows of ultraviolet lamp tubes.
The wet catalytic absorption system 4 consists of an acidic catalytic oxidation spray tower 11, an alkaline spray absorption tower 12 and an exhaust funnel; the input end of the acidic catalytic oxidation spray tower 11 is connected with the UV photolysis chamber 10, the output end of the acidic catalytic oxidation spray tower 11 is connected with the alkaline spray absorption tower 12, and the output end of the alkaline spray absorption tower 12 is connected with the exhaust cylinder; catalytic fillers are filled in the tower of the acidic catalytic oxidation spray tower 11 in a layered manner; the catalytic filler is a spherical iron-carbon loaded rare earth composite material.
(example 2)
The exhaust air volume is 4220m 3 The flow velocity of the gas in the multilayer gravity settling chamber 7 is 1.25m/s, the flow velocity of the gas in the UV photolysis chamber 10 is 1.2m/s, and the power of an ultraviolet lamp is 60W; the air speed in the acid catalytic oxidation spray tower 11 is 0.8m/s, the pH of the spray liquid is 5, and the spray speed is 30m 3 H; the air speed in the alkaline spray absorption tower 12 is 0.8m/s, the pH of the spray liquid is 9, and the spray speed is 30m 3 At this condition, the concentration of VOCs in the inlet of the pulse filter dust collector 8 is 1020ppm/m 3 After the treatment under the conditions, the concentration of VOCs at the discharge port of the chimney is 138ppm/m 3 (emission standard 150 ppm/m) 3 )。
(example 3)
The waste gas air volume is 3750m 3 The flow velocity of the gas in the multilayer gravity settling chamber 7 is 0.75m/s, the flow velocity of the gas in the UV photolysis chamber 10 is 0.8m/s, and the power of an ultraviolet lamp is 120W; the air speed in the acid catalytic oxidation spray tower 11 is 0.5m/s, the pH of the spray liquid is 5, and the spray speed is 30m 3 H; the air speed in the alkaline spray absorption tower 12 is 0.5m/s, the pH of the spray liquid is 9, and the spray speed is 30m 3 At this condition, the concentration of VOCs in the inlet of the pulse filter dust collector 8 is 1130ppm/m 3 After the treatment under the conditions, the concentration of VOCs at the discharge port of the chimney is 103ppm/m 3 (emission standard 150 ppm/m) 3 )。
(example 4)
The air volume of the waste gas is 3920m 3 The flow velocity of the gas in the multilayer gravity settling chamber 7 is 0.83m/s, the flow velocity of the gas in the UV photolysis chamber 10 is 0.92m/s, and the power of an ultraviolet lamp is 100W; the air speed in the acid catalytic oxidation spray tower 11 is 0.63m/s, the pH value of the spray liquid is 3, and the spray speed is 50m 3 H; the air speed in the alkaline spray absorption tower 12 is 0.5m/s, the pH of the spray liquid is 11, and the spray speed is 50m 3 At this condition, the concentration of VOCs in the inlet of the pulse filter dust collector 8 is 1130ppm/m 3 After the treatment under the conditions, the concentration of VOCs at the discharge port of the chimney is 82ppm/m 3 (emission standard 150 ppm/m) 3 )。
(example 5)
This example is substantially the same as example 1, except that: the induced draft fan 6 comprises a first induced draft fan 6-1 connected with an induced draft cover 5 arranged in the closed room and the induced draft cover 5 of the feeding hole and the blanking hole of the double-shaft shredder, a second induced draft fan 6-2 connected with the exhaust port of the cyclone dust collector of the high-speed shredder through a pipeline, and a third induced draft fan 6-3 connected with the exhaust port of the polyurethane foam compressor through a pipeline.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a waste gas treatment system of broken sorting process of old and useless refrigerator which characterized in that: the device comprises a closed collection system (1), a physical dust removal system (2), a UV photocatalytic degradation system (3) and a wet catalytic absorption system (4) which are sequentially connected.
2. The waste gas treatment system for the crushing and sorting process of the waste refrigerators according to claim 1, characterized in that: the closed collection system (1) comprises an air suction hood (5) and an induced draft fan (6) connected with the air suction hood (5) through an air suction pipeline; and the draught fan (6) is connected with the physical dust removal device (2).
3. The waste gas treatment system for the crushing and sorting process of the waste refrigerators according to claim 1, characterized in that: the physical dust removal system (2) comprises a multilayer gravity settling chamber (7) and a pulse filter element dust remover (8); the gravity settling chamber is connected with an induced draft fan (6) of the closed collection system (1), and the output end of the multilayer gravity settling chamber (7) is connected with a pulse filter element dust remover (8); the gas flow velocity in the multilayer gravity settling chamber (7) is 0.5-1.5m/s.
4. The waste gas treatment system for the crushing and sorting process of the waste refrigerators according to claim 1, characterized in that: the UV photocatalytic degradation system (3) comprises a carbon felt filter (9) and a UV photolysis chamber (10); the carbon felt filter (9) is connected with the pulse filter element dust remover (8), and the output end of the carbon felt filter (9) is connected with the UV photolysis (10) chamber; a plurality of ultraviolet lamp tubes are arranged in the UV photolysis chamber (10), and a catalyst plate is arranged between two adjacent columns of ultraviolet lamp tubes.
5. The waste gas treatment system for the crushing and sorting process of the waste refrigerators according to claim 1, characterized in that: the wet catalytic absorption system (4) consists of an acidic catalytic oxidation spray tower (11), an alkaline spray absorption tower (12) and an exhaust stack; the input end of the acid catalytic oxidation spray tower (11) is connected with the UV photolysis chamber (10), the output end of the acid catalytic oxidation spray tower (11) is connected with the alkaline spray absorption tower (12), and the output end of the alkaline spray absorption tower (12) is connected with the exhaust funnel.
6. The waste gas treatment system for the crushing and sorting process of the waste refrigerators according to claim 5, characterized in that: catalytic fillers are filled in the acidic catalytic oxidation spray tower (11) in a layered manner; the catalytic filler is a spherical iron-carbon-loaded rare earth composite material.
7. The waste gas treatment system for the crushing and sorting process of the waste refrigerators according to claim 2, characterized in that: draught fan (6) include with install in induced draft cover (5) of airtight room and the induced draft cover (5) of biax shredder feed opening and feed opening first draught fan (6-1) that link to each other, through second draught fan (6-2) that the pipeline links to each other with high-speed breaker cyclone gas vent, through third draught fan (6-3) that pipeline and polyurethane foam compressor gas vent link to each other.
8. A waste gas treatment method in the integral crushing and separating process of a waste refrigerator is characterized in that the system of any one of claims 1 to 6 is used for carrying out waste gas purification treatment according to the steps of waste gas collection, dust removal treatment, UV photolysis treatment and normal-temperature wet catalytic absorption treatment in sequence, and the waste gas is discharged after reaching the standard.
9. The method for treating the waste gas generated in the integral crushing and separating process of the waste refrigerator as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that: in the normal-temperature wet catalytic oxidation treatment, the air speed in the normal-temperature wet catalytic oxidation spray tower is controlled to be 0.5-2m/s, and the pH value of the spray liquid is 3-5; the spraying speed is 30-50m 3 /h。
10. The method for treating the waste gas generated in the integral crushing and separating process of the waste refrigerator as claimed in claim 9, is characterized in that: in the normal-temperature wet catalytic oxidation treatment, a ferrous sulfate solution and a hydrogen peroxide solution are added into a normal-temperature wet catalytic oxidation tower in the operation process to adjust the pH value of the spray liquid in the tower.
CN202110652062.0A 2021-06-11 2021-06-11 Waste gas treatment system and method in crushing and separating process of waste refrigerator Pending CN115463505A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110652062.0A CN115463505A (en) 2021-06-11 2021-06-11 Waste gas treatment system and method in crushing and separating process of waste refrigerator

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110652062.0A CN115463505A (en) 2021-06-11 2021-06-11 Waste gas treatment system and method in crushing and separating process of waste refrigerator

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN115463505A true CN115463505A (en) 2022-12-13

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ID=84364940

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202110652062.0A Pending CN115463505A (en) 2021-06-11 2021-06-11 Waste gas treatment system and method in crushing and separating process of waste refrigerator

Country Status (1)

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CN (1) CN115463505A (en)

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