CN204768126U - Charcoal kiln flue gas treatment system - Google Patents

Charcoal kiln flue gas treatment system Download PDF

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CN204768126U
CN204768126U CN201520507713.7U CN201520507713U CN204768126U CN 204768126 U CN204768126 U CN 204768126U CN 201520507713 U CN201520507713 U CN 201520507713U CN 204768126 U CN204768126 U CN 204768126U
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flue gas
charcoal kiln
gas
electrostatic adsorption
charcoal
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韩临超
陈鹏
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Hebei Zhongqing Machinery Co ltd
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Hebei Zhongqing Environment Protection Technology Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel

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Abstract

一种木炭窑烟气治理系统,属于烟气治理的技术领域,包括与木炭窑排气口连接的分级除尘设备、烟气排放烟囱及配电柜,所述的分级除尘设备结构中包括冷凝处理装置、静电吸附装置及设置于烟囱出口处的燃烧器,冷凝处理装置的进、出气口分别与木炭窑排气口、静电吸附装置的气体入口连接,静电吸附装置的气体出口借助引风机和管道与烟囱进气口连接。本实用新型的静电式木炭窑烟气治理设备,关键在于三道工序的配合使用和先后顺序的严格把控,冷凝装置作为第一道工序,静电吸附装置作为第二道工序,烟气燃烧装置作为第三道工序,木炭窑烟气依次经过这三道工序,最后使得木炭窑烟气得到彻底净化。

A charcoal kiln flue gas treatment system, belonging to the technical field of flue gas treatment, including a graded dust removal device connected to the exhaust port of a charcoal kiln, a flue gas discharge chimney, and a power distribution cabinet. The structure of the graded dust removal device includes condensation treatment device, electrostatic adsorption device and the burner installed at the exit of the chimney, the gas inlet and outlet of the condensation treatment device are respectively connected with the exhaust port of the charcoal kiln and the gas inlet of the electrostatic adsorption device, and the gas outlet of the electrostatic adsorption device is connected with the induced draft fan and pipeline Connects to chimney inlet. The key to the electrostatic charcoal kiln flue gas treatment equipment of the present invention is the coordinated use of the three processes and the strict control of the sequence. The condensation device is used as the first process, the electrostatic adsorption device is used as the second process, and the flue gas combustion device As the third process, the flue gas from the charcoal kiln goes through these three processes in sequence, and finally the flue gas from the charcoal kiln is completely purified.

Description

一种木炭窑烟气治理系统A charcoal kiln flue gas treatment system

技术领域technical field

本实用新型属于烟气治理的技术领域,涉及一种木炭窑烟气治理的系统,具体涉及一种木炭窑烟气治理系统。The utility model belongs to the technical field of flue gas treatment, and relates to a charcoal kiln flue gas treatment system, in particular to a charcoal kiln flue gas treatment system.

背景技术Background technique

在我国木炭的生产及应用已经有了几百年的历史,木炭窑上冒出的股股浓烟,造成大气污染,危害了附近居民的身体健康和生活环境。就木炭窑烟气性质进行分析:The production and application of charcoal in our country has a history of hundreds of years. The thick smoke from the charcoal kiln causes air pollution and endangers the health and living environment of nearby residents. Analyze the properties of charcoal kiln flue gas:

1.木材的热分解:木材及其主要组份的热分解1. Thermal decomposition of wood: thermal decomposition of wood and its main components

木材的主要组份:纤维素、半纤维素和木素。The main components of wood: cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin.

1)纤维素的热分解1) Thermal decomposition of cellulose

将纤维素加热到100度,只发生一些物理变化,当温度达到162度时,开始有气体放出。当温度达到275度时,有显著的放热效应。放出的热能使自身温度升高到80度以上。当温度上升到400-475度,几乎全部挥发物分出。When the cellulose is heated to 100 degrees, only some physical changes occur, and when the temperature reaches 162 degrees, gas begins to be released. When the temperature reaches 275 degrees, there is a significant exothermic effect. The heat energy released can raise its own temperature to more than 80 degrees. When the temperature rises to 400-475 degrees, almost all the volatiles are separated.

2)半纤维素的热分解2) Thermal decomposition of hemicellulose

当加热到180度开始热分解,220度开始放热,270度反应结束。When heated to 180 degrees, thermal decomposition begins, heat release begins at 220 degrees, and reaction ends at 270 degrees.

3)木素的热分解3) Thermal decomposition of lignin

木素加热到250度开始分解,生成少量的二氧化碳和一氧化碳气体,当温度升到320-340度时,开始产生大量的蒸汽气体产物,其中有醋酸、木焦油和其他木素分解产物,而且气体中有碳氢化合物。约400-450度,木素热分解反应最显著。Lignin is heated to 250 degrees and begins to decompose, producing a small amount of carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide gas. When the temperature rises to 320-340 degrees, it begins to produce a large amount of steam gas products, including acetic acid, wood tar and other lignin decomposition products, and gas contains hydrocarbons. At about 400-450 degrees, the thermal decomposition reaction of lignin is most significant.

2.木炭热解产物2. Charcoal pyrolysis products

1)固体产物:木炭。木炭是疏松多孔的黑色固体。其比重为1.4-1.6,容积重0.6-0.8,堆积重为0.3。1) Solid product: charcoal. Charcoal is a loose, porous black solid. Its specific gravity is 1.4-1.6, volumetric weight is 0.6-0.8, and stacking weight is 0.3.

2)液体产物:木材炭化的液体产物是由许多不同物质组成,它们的产量随着木材的种类、质量和炭化条件而不同。木材炭化的液体产物中有180多种不同物质。这些物质可以分为11类:酸类、醇类、酯类、酮类、醛类、醚类、酚类、内酯、碳氢化合物、碳水化合物和杂环化合物。一般通称为粗木醋液,分为澄清木醋液和沉淀木焦油。澄清木醋液是黄色到红棕色的液体,有特殊的烟焦味,比重为1.02-1.05,其中含有80%-90%的水分和10%-20%有机物。沉淀木焦油为黑色粘稠状的油状液体,比重为1.01-1.1。2) Liquid products: The liquid products of wood carbonization are composed of many different substances, and their yields vary with the type, quality and carbonization conditions of wood. There are more than 180 different substances in the liquid products of wood charring. These substances can be divided into 11 classes: acids, alcohols, esters, ketones, aldehydes, ethers, phenols, lactones, hydrocarbons, carbohydrates and heterocyclic compounds. Generally known as crude wood vinegar, it is divided into clarified wood vinegar and precipitated wood tar. Clarified wood vinegar is a yellow to reddish-brown liquid with a special smell of burnt smoke and a specific gravity of 1.02-1.05, which contains 80%-90% water and 10%-20% organic matter. Precipitated wood tar is a black viscous oily liquid with a specific gravity of 1.01-1.1.

3原有治理措施:3 The original governance measures:

(1)木炭的生产商为了改善工人生产环境,采用燃烧法以降低烟气排放。燃烧法:即是在木炭热分解后期一氧化碳可以满足燃烧条件时将其点燃,一氧化碳燃烧生成二氧化碳,其缺点是热分解反应前期,所产生的烟气无法治理。(1) In order to improve the production environment of workers, charcoal manufacturers use combustion methods to reduce smoke emissions. Combustion method: that is, when the carbon monoxide can meet the combustion conditions in the late stage of charcoal thermal decomposition, it is ignited, and the carbon monoxide is burned to generate carbon dioxide. The disadvantage is that the smoke generated in the early stage of the thermal decomposition reaction cannot be treated.

化学式:2CO+O2=2CO2(条件为点燃)Chemical formula: 2CO+O 2 =2CO 2 (condition is ignition)

(2)也有其他一些木炭生产商为了解决木炭热分解前期产生的烟气采用喷淋塔降温加袋式除尘的方法对其进行治理,喷淋塔的工作原理是用水泵为动力以水为媒介通过管道引进喷淋塔内,水在高压的作用下快速通过管道与安装在塔内管道出口的喷头高速碰撞产生微小雾滴,雾滴与通过塔内时与烟气高速碰撞捕捉,在雾滴不断碰撞下越来越大时,由于自身重力落入塔底水池内,净化后的烟气经过塔顶的出气口和管道进入布袋除尘器,在布袋的微孔结构下空气中的微小尘粒及雾滴被布袋纤维阻挡捕捉后经出气口通过管道及引风机后经高排烟囱外排。(2) There are also some other charcoal producers who use the method of spray tower cooling and bag dust removal to solve the flue gas generated in the early stage of charcoal thermal decomposition. The working principle of the spray tower is to use water pump as the power and water as the medium The water is introduced into the spray tower through the pipeline, and under the action of high pressure, the water quickly passes through the pipeline and collides with the nozzle installed at the outlet of the pipeline in the tower to produce tiny mist droplets. The mist droplets collide with the flue gas at high speed when passing through the tower. When it gets bigger and bigger under constant collision, due to its own gravity, it falls into the pool at the bottom of the tower, and the purified flue gas enters the bag filter through the gas outlet and pipe on the top of the tower. Under the microporous structure of the bag, the tiny dust particles in the air and The mist is blocked and captured by the cloth bag fiber, and then passes through the air outlet through the pipe and induced draft fan, and then is discharged through the high chimney.

这种设计存在如下缺点:This design has the following disadvantages:

a、喷淋塔的除尘效率取决于“液气比”(喷水量与烟气的比值),耗水量大,除尘效率低,微小的尘粒难以捕捉。a. The dust removal efficiency of the spray tower depends on the "liquid-gas ratio" (the ratio of the sprayed water to the flue gas), the water consumption is large, the dust removal efficiency is low, and it is difficult to capture tiny dust particles.

b、雾化的液滴在充分降低烟气温度后液化的木醋液与焦油等液体产物被水捕捉后流入水池内造成水污染。b. After the atomized droplets are sufficiently lowered in the flue gas temperature, the liquefied wood vinegar and tar and other liquid products are captured by water and flow into the pool to cause water pollution.

c、污水循坏使用污水液滴与高温烟气碰撞后易产生污染的水蒸气,造成二次污染。c. Sewage circulation is bad. After the collision of sewage droplets and high-temperature flue gas, polluted water vapor is easily generated, causing secondary pollution.

d、微小的尘粒和焦油以及水蒸气容易对布袋孔隙造成堵塞,减少布袋使用寿命,焦油堵塞布袋后不易清灰再生,必须定期更换滤袋,故而增加运行成本。d. Tiny dust particles, tar and water vapor are likely to block the pores of the bag and reduce the service life of the bag. After the bag is blocked by tar, it is not easy to clean the dust and regenerate. The filter bag must be replaced regularly, thus increasing the operating cost.

e、一氧化碳等易燃有毒有害气体排放至大气中造成空气污染,对附近居民的生活环境造成威胁。e. Inflammable, poisonous and harmful gases such as carbon monoxide are discharged into the atmosphere, causing air pollution and threatening the living environment of nearby residents.

因而,如何解决木炭窑无污染生产和改善居民生活环境,减少设备运行成本及易损耗材的更换频率,是改造方案的首要原则。Therefore, how to solve the pollution-free production of charcoal kilns and improve the living environment of residents, reduce equipment operating costs and the frequency of replacement of consumable materials are the primary principles of the transformation plan.

实用新型内容Utility model content

本实用新型为了解决现有技术中木炭窑所产生的烟气难以处理,污染环境的技术问题,发明了一种木炭窑烟气治理系统,具有操作简单、能耗低、环保、可彻底净化烟气的特点,本实用新型为实现其目的采用的技术方案是:In order to solve the technical problem that the flue gas produced by the charcoal kiln is difficult to handle and pollute the environment in the prior art, the utility model has invented a charcoal kiln flue gas treatment system, which has the advantages of simple operation, low energy consumption, environmental protection, and can thoroughly purify the flue gas. The characteristics of gas, the technical scheme that the utility model adopts for realizing its purpose is:

一种木炭窑烟气治理系统,包括与木炭窑排气口连接的分级除尘设备、烟气排放烟囱及配电柜,所述的分级除尘设备结构中包括冷凝处理装置、静电吸附装置及设置于烟囱出口处的燃烧器,冷凝处理装置的进、出气口分别与木炭窑排气口、静电吸附装置的气体入口连接,静电吸附装置的气体出口借助引风机和管道与烟囱进气口连接。A charcoal kiln flue gas treatment system, including a graded dust removal device connected to the exhaust port of the charcoal kiln, a flue gas discharge chimney, and a power distribution cabinet. The structure of the graded dust removal device includes a condensation treatment device, an electrostatic adsorption device, and a The burner at the exit of the chimney, the gas inlet and outlet of the condensation treatment device are respectively connected to the exhaust port of the charcoal kiln and the gas inlet of the electrostatic adsorption device, and the gas outlet of the electrostatic adsorption device is connected to the air inlet of the chimney by means of an induced fan and a pipeline.

所述的静电吸附装置为管式静电除尘器,该管式静电除尘器结构中包括筒体、在筒体上开设的气体入口和气体出口、设置于筒体内的放电极和集尘极、设置于集尘极下方的集尘斗,集尘极为与配电柜正极连接的一组钢管,放电极为悬吊于钢管中心且与配电柜负极连接的钢丝。The electrostatic adsorption device is a tube-type electrostatic precipitator. The structure of the tubular electrostatic precipitator includes a cylinder body, a gas inlet and a gas outlet opened on the cylinder body, a discharge electrode and a dust collection electrode arranged in the cylinder body, and a set The dust collecting hopper below the dust collecting pole, the dust collecting pole is a group of steel pipes connected to the positive pole of the power distribution cabinet, and the discharge pole is a steel wire suspended in the center of the steel pipe and connected to the negative pole of the power distribution cabinet.

所述的冷凝处理装置包括箱体、固定在箱体内部的列管、设置于箱体两端且借助列管连通的进气口与出气口、及位于箱体底部的排废液口,在列管上方还固定有风冷装置和水冷装置。The condensation treatment device includes a box body, a series of tubes fixed inside the box body, an air inlet and an air outlet arranged at both ends of the box body and communicated with the gas outlet by means of the series tubes, and a waste liquid outlet at the bottom of the box body. An air cooling device and a water cooling device are also fixed above the column tubes.

所述的排废液口设置有2个,分别设置于进气口端与出气口端。There are two waste discharge ports, which are respectively arranged at the air inlet end and the air outlet end.

所述的风冷装置由3台冷却风扇组成,3台冷却风扇均匀分布在冷凝处理装置箱体的上方。The air cooling device is composed of 3 cooling fans, and the 3 cooling fans are evenly distributed above the cabinet of the condensation treatment device.

所述的水冷装置设置于列管上方、风冷装置下方,包括喷头、管道、水泵和水箱,所述的管道一端与喷头连接,另一端与水泵连接,所述的水泵与水箱连接,所述的水箱设置箱体底部。The water cooling device is arranged above the tubes and below the air cooling device, and includes a nozzle, a pipeline, a water pump and a water tank. One end of the pipeline is connected to the nozzle, the other end is connected to the water pump, and the water pump is connected to the water tank. The water tank is provided with the bottom of the casing.

本实用新型的有益效果是:本实用新型的静电式木炭窑烟气治理系统,关键在于三道工序的配合使用和先后顺序的严格把控,采用冷凝装置作为第一道工序,将烟气中木焦油、木醋液、水蒸气等高温气化的液体产物,采用冷凝的方式进行冷凝回收;采用静电吸附装置作为第二道工序,将冷凝后烟气中液体产物的微小雾滴及粉尘,采用电捕的方式进行静电吸附;然后再结合烟囱处的燃烧装置作为烟气治理的最后一道工序,在一氧化碳气体达到燃烧浓度时进行燃烧,从而达到木炭窑烟气彻底净化的效果。The beneficial effects of the utility model are: the electrostatic charcoal kiln flue gas treatment system of the utility model, the key lies in the coordinated use of the three processes and the strict control of the sequence, using a condensing device as the first process to condense the flue gas The liquid products of high-temperature gasification such as wood tar, wood vinegar, and water vapor are condensed and recovered by condensation; the electrostatic adsorption device is used as the second process to remove the tiny mist and dust of the liquid products in the condensed flue gas, Electrostatic adsorption is carried out by means of electric capture; then combined with the combustion device at the chimney as the last process of flue gas treatment, combustion is carried out when the carbon monoxide gas reaches the combustion concentration, so as to achieve the effect of thorough purification of charcoal kiln flue gas.

本实用新型设备中静电吸附装置的关键在于吸附电场的分布,是由带正电荷竖直排列的钢管构成的集尘极和由钢管中心带负电荷的钢丝构成的放电极组成,在放电极和集尘极组成的不均匀电场中,以放电极为负极,集尘极为正极,并以72千伏的高压直流电源来充电,当这一电场的强度提高到某一值时,放电极周围形成负电晕,气体分子的电离作用加强,产生了大量的正负离子,正负离子被放电极中和,负离子和自由离子则向集尘极转移,当带有粉尘的气体通过时,这些带负电荷的粒子就会在运动中不断碰到并被吸附在尘粒上,使尘粉以及微小雾滴荷电,在电场力的作用下,很快运动达到集尘极,放出负电荷,本身沉积在集尘管上使气体得到净化,当微小雾越积越多无法承受自身重量时,在重力作用下沿集尘管壁向下滑落,从而达到清灰再生目的。The key of the electrostatic adsorption device in the utility model equipment lies in the distribution of the adsorption electric field. It is composed of a dust collecting electrode composed of positively charged steel pipes arranged vertically and a discharge electrode composed of negatively charged steel wires in the center of the steel pipe. In the uneven electric field formed by the dust collector, the discharge pole is the negative pole, the dust collection pole is the positive pole, and it is charged with a 72 kV high-voltage DC power supply. When the intensity of this electric field increases to a certain value, a negative charge is formed around the discharge electrode. Halo, the ionization of gas molecules is strengthened, resulting in a large number of positive and negative ions, the positive and negative ions are neutralized by the discharge electrode, and the negative ions and free ions are transferred to the dust collecting electrode. When the gas with dust passes through, these negatively charged particles It will constantly encounter and be adsorbed on the dust particles during the movement, so that the dust powder and tiny mist droplets will be charged. The gas is purified on the pipe. When the fine mist accumulates and cannot bear its own weight, it will slide down along the wall of the dust collection pipe under the action of gravity, so as to achieve the purpose of dust removal and regeneration.

本实用新型的静电式木炭窑烟气治理设备还具有以下优点:The utility model electrostatic charcoal kiln flue gas treatment equipment also has the following advantages:

1、避免有害气体对工人以及附近生活居民造成的的污染,为保障工人身心健康,降低环保项目资金的投入,发挥了重要性的作用。1. Avoid the pollution caused by harmful gases to workers and nearby residents, and play an important role in protecting the physical and mental health of workers and reducing the investment in environmental protection projects.

2、设备结构简单易操作,维护费用低,无需更换易损件,无二次污染,减少水资源浪费。2. The structure of the equipment is simple and easy to operate, the maintenance cost is low, there is no need to replace wearing parts, no secondary pollution, and the waste of water resources is reduced.

3、能耗低,风机采用变频控制有效降低能耗,高压电源进电采用普通380V/220V民用电由高压包进行转化,电压高电流低,能耗低(几百瓦左右)。3. Low energy consumption. The fan adopts frequency conversion control to effectively reduce energy consumption. The high-voltage power supply uses ordinary 380V/220V civilian electricity to convert it from a high-voltage package. The voltage is high and the current is low, and the energy consumption is low (about several hundred watts).

4、收集的木焦油及木醋液等液体产物,可回收再利用。4. The collected liquid products such as wood tar and wood vinegar can be recycled and reused.

(1)木焦油---是一种含烃类、酸类、酚类较高的有机化合物,主要用作消毒剂和防腐剂,加工后可获得杂酚油、抗聚剂、浮选起泡剂,木沥青等产品;也可用于医药、合成橡胶和冶金等部门。是经济价值非常高的化工原料。(1) Wood tar --- is an organic compound containing hydrocarbons, acids, and phenols. It is mainly used as a disinfectant and preservative. After processing, creosote, antipolymerization agent, and flotation agent can be obtained Foaming agent, wood asphalt and other products; it can also be used in medicine, synthetic rubber and metallurgy and other departments. It is a chemical raw material with very high economic value.

(2)木醋液----是以醋酸为主要成分的pH3程度的酸性液体,与食醋的成分和色调极为相似,各自按不同的方法精制后为木醋酸。简单的说就是把木头制成木炭的过程中冒出的烟气液化而得到的,因此木醋液是树木炭化是把木头里的能量变成气体浓缩而成,含有K,Ca,Mg,Zn,Ge,Mn,Fe等矿物质,此外还含有维他命B1和B2,一般木醋液:农业用,饲料用,工业用。初次蒸馏木醋液:皮肤管理用(特[异反]应性皮肤,脚气等),再次蒸馏木醋液:作为食品添加剂,饮料等用,农用能恢复土壤肥力,提高培育力,节约化学农药,化学肥料,恢复水分等效果。(2) Wood vinegar--an acidic liquid with a pH of about 3 with acetic acid as the main component, which is very similar in composition and color to table vinegar, and is refined into wood acetic acid by different methods. Simply put, it is obtained by liquefying the smoke emitted during the process of making wood into charcoal. Therefore, wood vinegar is obtained by carbonizing trees and condensing the energy in wood into gas. It contains K, Ca, Mg, Zn , Ge, Mn, Fe and other minerals, in addition to vitamin B1 and B2, general wood vinegar: agricultural, feed, industrial. Initial distillation of wood vinegar: for skin management (atopic skin, beriberi, etc.), second distillation of wood vinegar: as food additives, beverages, etc., agricultural use can restore soil fertility, improve cultivation, and save chemical pesticides , chemical fertilizers, restore moisture and other effects.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是本实用新型木炭窑烟气治理系统的结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a charcoal kiln flue gas treatment system of the present invention.

图2是图1中A部分的放大图。Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of part A in Fig. 1 .

附图中,1代表冷凝处理装置,1-1代表箱体,1-2代表列管,1-3代表进气口,1-4代表出气口,1-5代表排废液口,1-6代表风冷装置,1-7代表水冷装置,1-8代表水箱,2代表静电吸附装置,2-1代表筒体,2-2代表气体入口,2-3代表气体出口,2-4代表放电极,2-5代表集尘极,3代表烟囱,4代表燃烧器,5代表引风机,6代表管道。In the drawings, 1 represents the condensation treatment device, 1-1 represents the box body, 1-2 represents the tube array, 1-3 represents the air inlet, 1-4 represents the gas outlet, 1-5 represents the waste liquid outlet, 1- 6 represents air cooling device, 1-7 represents water cooling device, 1-8 represents water tank, 2 represents electrostatic adsorption device, 2-1 represents cylinder, 2-2 represents gas inlet, 2-3 represents gas outlet, 2-4 represents Discharge electrodes, 2-5 represent dust collectors, 3 represent chimneys, 4 represent burners, 5 represent induced draft fans, and 6 represent pipes.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

本实用新型为了解决现有技术中木炭窑所产生的烟气难以处理,污染环境的技术问题,发明了一种木炭窑烟气治理系统,具有操作简单、能耗低、环保、可彻底净化烟气的特点,下面结合具体实施方式对本实用新型作进一步的说明。In order to solve the technical problem that the flue gas produced by the charcoal kiln is difficult to handle and pollute the environment in the prior art, the utility model has invented a charcoal kiln flue gas treatment system, which has the advantages of simple operation, low energy consumption, environmental protection, and can thoroughly purify the flue gas. The characteristics of gas, the utility model will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

本实用新型中,木炭窑烟气治理系统的电源由配电柜提供,配电柜-由配电箱和安装在配电箱控制面板上的启动、停止按钮以及配电箱内安装的高压直流电源、氧传感控制器、风冷装置接触器、水冷装置接触器和安装在烟气进口处管道上的氧传感器等设备组成。其中由配电箱控制面板上的启动和停止按钮通过控制线缆与配电箱内部的风冷装置接触器和水冷装置接触器的动作触点相连,风冷装置接触器和水冷装置接触器的三相电源输出端通过三相电缆分别与管式冷凝器上的风冷装置的3台轴流风机和水冷装置的1台水泵相连。配电箱内部的高压直流电源的正负极通过电缆与管式静电除尘器的带正“+”电荷竖直排列的钢管(集尘极)和位于钢管中心带负“-”电荷的钢丝(放电极)分别相连。In the utility model, the power supply of the charcoal kiln flue gas treatment system is provided by the power distribution cabinet, and the power distribution cabinet is composed of the power distribution box and the start and stop buttons installed on the control panel of the power distribution box and the high-voltage direct current installed in the power distribution box. It is composed of power supply, oxygen sensor controller, air cooling device contactor, water cooling device contactor and oxygen sensor installed on the pipeline at the flue gas inlet. Among them, the start and stop buttons on the control panel of the distribution box are connected with the action contacts of the air-cooling device contactor and the water-cooling device contactor inside the distribution box through the control cable, and the contactors of the air-cooling device contactor and the water-cooling device contactor are The output ends of the three-phase power supply are respectively connected to three axial flow fans of the air-cooling device and one water pump of the water-cooling device on the tubular condenser through three-phase cables. The positive and negative poles of the high-voltage DC power supply inside the distribution box pass through the cable and the steel pipe (dust collector) with positive "+" charge vertically arranged in the tubular electrostatic precipitator and the steel wire with negative "-" charge in the center of the steel pipe ( discharge electrodes) are connected separately.

具体过程为:参见图1,箭头方向表示烟气流向,木炭窑上的烟道出气口通过密封蝶阀控制,防止空气进入,当窑内温度达到热分解反应条件,有烟气产生时打开控制蝶阀,按下配电柜上启动按钮使整个系统连通电源开始工作,烟气在引风机的推动下,引风机进风口处产生负压,迫使木炭窑内的烟气从木炭窑出气口通过冷凝处理装置1的进气口1-3进入列管1-2中,烟气在经过冷凝处理装置的列管1-2时由于列管1-2比较多烟气横截面积大,烟气从冷凝处理装置1的进气口1-3向出气口1-4缓慢流动,在列管壁外侧上方的风冷装置1-6和水冷装置1-7的强制降温作用下,列管1-2内的高温烟气不断与列管管壁发生热交换作用,当烟气内的微小液体产物达到冷凝温度时滴落至列管1-2内,并通过进气口1-3下方和出气口1-4下方的排废液口1-5流出,进行收集。The specific process is as follows: see Figure 1, the direction of the arrow indicates the flow direction of the flue gas, the flue gas outlet on the charcoal kiln is controlled by a sealed butterfly valve to prevent air from entering, when the temperature in the kiln reaches the thermal decomposition reaction conditions, open the control butterfly valve when flue gas is generated , press the start button on the power distribution cabinet to connect the whole system to the power supply and start working. The flue gas is driven by the induced draft fan, and a negative pressure is generated at the air inlet of the induced draft fan, forcing the flue gas in the charcoal kiln to pass through the condensation treatment device from the charcoal kiln outlet. The air inlet 1-3 of 1 enters the column tube 1-2. When the flue gas passes through the column tube 1-2 of the condensation treatment device, because the column tube 1-2 has a large cross-sectional area of the flue gas, the flue gas passes through the condensation treatment device. The air inlet 1-3 of the device 1 flows slowly toward the air outlet 1-4, and under the forced cooling of the air cooling device 1-6 and the water cooling device 1-7 above the outside of the tube wall, the air in the tube 1-2 The high-temperature flue gas continuously exchanges heat with the tube wall. When the tiny liquid product in the flue gas reaches the condensation temperature, it drops into the tube 1-2 and passes through the lower part of the air inlet 1-3 and the gas outlet 1- The waste liquid port 1-5 below 4 flows out and collects.

当冷凝去除液体产物的烟气通过冷凝处理装置1的出气口1-4以及管道进入静电吸附装置2时由于静电吸附装置2的筒体2-1横截面大,烟气缓慢的进入吸附电场时,电场的放电极2-4和集尘极2-5在高压电源正负极的驱动下,电场内的空气被电离,放电极2-4周围形成负电晕,空气中的颗粒物分子的被电离作用加强,产生了大量的正负离子,正负离子被放电极中和,负离子和自由离子则向集尘极2-5转移,当带有粉尘和残余液滴的烟气通过时,这些带负电荷的粒子就会在运动中不断碰到并被吸附在尘粒上,使尘粉荷电,在电场力的作用下,很快运动到达集尘极2-5,放出负电荷,本身沉积在集尘板上使气体得到净化,当集尘板上的粉尘及液滴越来越多时,由于液滴的自身重力因素连带粉尘一起滴入静电吸附装置2下方的沉淀池内,最终沉淀池内的液体通过沉淀池底部与外部相连的管道流出,进行收集。When the flue gas that condenses and removes the liquid product enters the electrostatic adsorption device 2 through the gas outlet 1-4 of the condensation treatment device 1 and the pipeline, due to the large cross section of the cylinder body 2-1 of the electrostatic adsorption device 2, the flue gas slowly enters the adsorption electric field , the discharge electrode 2-4 and the dust collection electrode 2-5 of the electric field are driven by the positive and negative electrodes of the high-voltage power supply, the air in the electric field is ionized, a negative corona is formed around the discharge electrode 2-4, and the particle molecules in the air are ionized The effect is strengthened, and a large number of positive and negative ions are produced. The positive and negative ions are neutralized by the discharge electrode, and the negative ions and free ions are transferred to the dust collecting electrode 2-5. When the flue gas with dust and residual liquid droplets passes through, these negatively charged The particles will constantly encounter and be adsorbed on the dust particles during the movement, so that the dust powder will be charged. The gas is purified on the dust plate. When there are more and more dust and liquid droplets on the dust collecting plate, due to the gravity of the liquid droplets and the dust, they drop into the sedimentation tank below the electrostatic adsorption device 2, and finally the liquid in the sedimentation tank passes through The pipes connecting the bottom of the sedimentation tank to the outside flow out for collection.

经过静电吸附装置2净化后的烟气经过引风机5进入与引风机5出气口相连的烟囱3,最后含有CO的可燃气体被在烟囱3出口处设置的燃烧器4所点燃燃烧,从而达到烟气彻底净化的目的。The flue gas purified by the electrostatic adsorption device 2 passes through the induced draft fan 5 and enters the chimney 3 connected to the outlet of the induced draft fan 5, and finally the combustible gas containing CO is ignited and burned by the burner 4 installed at the exit of the chimney 3, so as to reach the smoke. The purpose of thoroughly purifying the air.

Claims (6)

1. a charcoal kiln flue gas governing system, comprise the classification cleaner be connected with charcoal kiln exhaust outlet, fume emission chimney (3) and power distribution cabinet, it is characterized in that: described classification cleaner structure comprises condensation process device (1), electrostatic adsorption device (2) and be arranged at the burner (4) in chimney (3) exit, entering of condensation process device (1), gas outlet respectively with charcoal kiln exhaust outlet, the gas access of electrostatic adsorption device (2) connects, the gas vent of electrostatic adsorption device (2) is connected with chimney (3) air inlet with pipeline (6) by air-introduced machine (5).
2. a kind of charcoal kiln flue gas governing system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described electrostatic adsorption device (2) is tubular electrostatic precipitator, this tubular electrostatic precipitator structure comprises cylindrical shell (2-1), the gas access (2-2) that cylindrical shell (2-1) is offered and gas vent (2-3), be arranged at the discharge electrode (2-4) in cylindrical shell (2-1) and dust collecting electrode (2-5), be arranged at the dust hopper of dust collecting electrode (2-5) below, dust collecting electrode (2-5) is the one group of steel pipe be connected with power distribution cabinet positive pole, discharge electrode (2-4) is for being suspended to steel pipe center and the steel wire be connected with power distribution cabinet negative pole.
3. according to claim a kind of charcoal kiln flue gas governing system, it is characterized in that: described condensation process device (1) comprises casing (1-1), be fixed on the inner tubulation (1-2) of casing (1-1), be arranged at casing (1-1) two ends and the air inlet (1-3) be communicated with by tubulation (1-2) and gas outlet (1-4) and the removal waste fluid mouth (1-5) being positioned at casing (1-1) bottom, is also fixed with air cooling equipment (1-6) and water cooling plant (1-7) in tubulation (1-2) top.
4. a kind of charcoal kiln flue gas governing system according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described removal waste fluid mouth (1-5) is provided with 2, is arranged at air inlet end and gas outlet end respectively.
5. a kind of charcoal kiln flue gas governing system according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described air cooling equipment (1-6) is made up of 3 cooling fans, and 3 cooling fans are evenly distributed on the top of condensation process device box.
6. a kind of charcoal kiln flue gas governing system according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described water cooling plant (1-7) is arranged at tubulation (1-2) top, air cooling equipment (1-6) below, comprise shower nozzle, pipeline, water pump and water tank, described pipeline one end is connected with shower nozzle, the other end is connected with water pump, described water pump is connected with water tank (1-8), and described water tank (1-8) arranges casing (1-1) bottom.
CN201520507713.7U 2015-07-14 2015-07-14 Charcoal kiln flue gas treatment system Expired - Fee Related CN204768126U (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104984626A (en) * 2015-07-14 2015-10-21 河北中清环保科技有限公司 Wood charcoal kiln smoke gas treatment system
WO2020083203A1 (en) * 2018-10-22 2020-04-30 上海必修福企业管理有限公司 Exhaust treatment system and method
TWI734266B (en) * 2019-11-21 2021-07-21 永霆國際竹炭實業有限公司 Cooling system for carbonization kiln equipment
CN113680170A (en) * 2021-06-23 2021-11-23 佛山市科蓝环保科技股份有限公司 Flue gas purification treatment device and flue gas purification treatment method using same

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104984626A (en) * 2015-07-14 2015-10-21 河北中清环保科技有限公司 Wood charcoal kiln smoke gas treatment system
CN104984626B (en) * 2015-07-14 2018-03-30 河北中清环保科技有限公司 A kind of charcoal kiln flue gas governing system
WO2020083203A1 (en) * 2018-10-22 2020-04-30 上海必修福企业管理有限公司 Exhaust treatment system and method
WO2020083226A1 (en) * 2018-10-22 2020-04-30 上海必修福企业管理有限公司 Exhaust treatment system and method
TWI734266B (en) * 2019-11-21 2021-07-21 永霆國際竹炭實業有限公司 Cooling system for carbonization kiln equipment
CN113680170A (en) * 2021-06-23 2021-11-23 佛山市科蓝环保科技股份有限公司 Flue gas purification treatment device and flue gas purification treatment method using same

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