CN115462237B - Garlic stem picking machine - Google Patents
Garlic stem picking machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN115462237B CN115462237B CN202110655115.4A CN202110655115A CN115462237B CN 115462237 B CN115462237 B CN 115462237B CN 202110655115 A CN202110655115 A CN 202110655115A CN 115462237 B CN115462237 B CN 115462237B
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- 240000002234 Allium sativum Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 206
- 235000004611 garlic Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 206
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 170
- 241000557833 Hua gabonii Species 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 108
- 238000006748 scratching Methods 0.000 claims description 22
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- 230000002393 scratching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 206010040844 Skin exfoliation Diseases 0.000 description 51
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241001391944 Commicarpus scandens Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001932 seasonal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D45/00—Harvesting of standing crops
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Apparatuses For Bulk Treatment Of Fruits And Vegetables And Apparatuses For Preparing Feeds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a garlic stem picking machine, which comprises a rack, wherein a stem breaking mechanism for breaking garlic stems from roots and a stem pulling mechanism for pulling the garlic stems out of garlic plants are arranged on the rack; defining that the garlic stem picking machine moves forwards from back to back, and is vertical to the front-back direction in a left-right direction and an up-down direction; the garlic bulb peeling machine comprises a frame, a peeling mechanism is arranged in front of the peeling mechanism, the peeling mechanism is located above the peeling mechanism, the peeling mechanism comprises at least one peeling unit, the peeling unit comprises two circulating conveying members which are distributed at intervals along the left-right direction, the conveying directions of the two circulating conveying members are opposite, a feeding channel for garlic bulbs to enter is formed between the two circulating conveying members, peeling needles are arranged on the circulating conveying members, the peeling needles on the two circulating conveying members are used for peeling garlic bulbs outside the left-right sides of the garlic bulbs entering the feeding channel, and the moving direction of the peeling needles in the feeding channel is from front to back.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a garlic stem picking machine.
Background
The garlic is planted, consumed and exported in the world, the garlic planting area accounts for 60% of the world, the annual planting area is 70 ten thousand hectares, and the garlic sprout yield exceeds 10 hundred million kilograms. The garlic sprouts are flower stems extracted from garlic and have high nutritive value. However, no mature garlic sprout picking machine exists in the market at present, under the general condition, the garlic sprouts are harvested manually, the cost is high, the efficiency is low, the garlic sprouts have strong seasonal characteristics, the garlic sprouts are not harvested in time, and the quality and the yield of the garlic sprouts and the garlic can be influenced.
In order to solve the technical problem, chinese patent publication No. CN210987073U discloses a disc clamping type garlic bolt harvester, which comprises a frame, a bolt breaking mechanism (i.e. a needle-punching mechanism in the patent) and a bolt pulling mechanism, wherein the bolt breaking mechanism is arranged on the frame and is used for pinching or punching the root of a garlic bolt and incompletely damaging a garlic plant, and the bolt pulling mechanism pulls out the garlic bolt after passing through the bolt breaking mechanism from the garlic plant and conveys the garlic bolt backwards.
The harvester of the prior art realizes automatic harvesting through pricking or pinching off garlic sprouts from garlic plants at first, then clamping and pulling out, but has the problems that although the garlic sprouts can be pricked or pinched off from garlic plants by a garlic sprout breaking mechanism, the part of the garlic sprouts above the breaking position is still completely wrapped by garlic sprout peels of the garlic plants, so that the garlic sprouts pulling mechanism is not easy to pull out in the process of pulling out the garlic sprouts, or is easy to pull out at the wrapping position, and the garlic sprouts cannot be completely pulled out.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a garlic stem picking machine, which solves the technical problems that in the prior art, garlic stems are completely wrapped by garlic stem skins, so that a garlic stem pulling mechanism is not easy to pull out the garlic stems, and the garlic stems are easy to break at wrapping positions.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the garlic sprout picking machine provided by the invention is as follows: a garlic sprout picking machine comprising:
the machine frame is provided with a garlic bolt cutting mechanism for cutting off garlic bolts from roots and a garlic bolt pulling mechanism for pulling out the garlic bolts after the garlic bolt cutting mechanism from garlic plants;
Defining that the garlic stem picking machine moves forwards from back to back, and is vertical to the front-back direction in a left-right direction and an up-down direction;
The peeling mechanism is arranged in front of the peeling mechanism and comprises at least one peeling unit, the peeling unit comprises two circulating conveying members which are distributed at intervals along the left-right direction, the conveying directions of the two circulating conveying members are opposite, a feeding channel for the garlic sprouts to enter is formed between the two circulating conveying members, peeling needles are arranged on the circulating conveying members and used for peeling garlic sprouts outside the left side and the right side of the garlic sprouts entering the feeding channel, and the moving direction of the peeling needles in the feeding channel is from front to back;
The driving mechanism is used for driving the moss cutting mechanism, the moss pulling mechanism and the circulating conveying piece to act;
The circulating conveying piece is a first transmission chain or a first transmission belt, and the front end and the rear end of the first transmission chain or the first transmission belt are located at different heights, so that the first transmission chain or the first transmission belt extends obliquely.
The beneficial effects are that: the garlic sprouts are firstly cut by the garlic sprout cutting mechanism outside the left side and the right side of the garlic sprouts before the garlic sprouts are pulled out, so that the garlic sprouts are separated from the garlic sprouts to a certain extent, the garlic sprouts are more convenient to be pulled out by the subsequent garlic sprout pulling mechanism after the root parts of the garlic sprouts are broken by the garlic sprout breaking mechanism, the garlic sprouts can be completely pulled out from the root parts, and the conditions that the garlic sprouts are difficult to pull out and are easy to break at the garlic sprout positions in the prior art are avoided. The skin-scraping needle in the feeding channel moves from front to back, and the whole garlic stem picking machine moves from back to front, so that the garlic stem cannot be pushed back by the skin-scraping needle and is prevented from being pushed forward by the garlic stem picking machine; the first transmission chain or the first transmission belt occupies a certain height space in the up-down direction, and can be used for cutting garlic sprouts in a certain height range outside a single garlic sprout, so that the smooth proceeding of subsequent garlic sprout pulling is further ensured.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of,
The skin-scratching needles are distributed at intervals along the extending direction of the first transmission chain or the first transmission belt. The garlic sprout peels are divided into a plurality of spaced arrangement pins, and the first transmission chain or the first transmission belt occupies a certain height space in the up-down direction, so that garlic sprout peels outside a single garlic sprout can be divided within a certain height range, and further smooth subsequent garlic sprout pulling is ensured.
Preferably, the bolting mechanism is positioned above the peeling mechanism, and comprises two second transmission chains or second transmission belts which are arranged at intervals along the left-right direction and correspond to the peeling units, and a channel between the two second transmission chains or second transmission belts corresponds to the front-back direction of the feeding channel, and the two second transmission chains or second transmission belts are used for clamping garlic sprouts in a matched mode and conveying the garlic sprouts backwards;
The front end of the first transmission chain or the first transmission belt is lower than the rear end, so that the rear end of the first transmission chain or the first transmission belt extends obliquely upwards;
The front end of the second drive chain or the second drive belt is lower than the rear end, so that the rear end of the second drive chain or the second drive belt extends obliquely upward. The skin scratching mechanism and the moss pulling mechanism are low in front and high in back on the whole, and the moss pulling is convenient.
Preferably, the peeling mechanism and the bolting mechanism have overlapping parts in the up-down direction. The overlapping part ensures the continuity of the peeling and bolting procedures.
Preferably, the skin scratching mechanism comprises a first driving wheel matched with the first transmission chain or the first transmission belt, and the first driving wheel is positioned at the rear end of the skin scratching mechanism;
the moss pulling mechanism comprises a second driving wheel matched with a second transmission chain or a second transmission belt, and the second driving wheel is positioned at the front end of the moss pulling mechanism;
The first driving wheel and the second driving wheel are coaxially arranged;
The driving mechanism comprises a transmission shaft connected with the first driving wheel and the second driving wheel, and two transmission shafts are distributed at intervals along the left-right direction and correspond to the same skin scratching unit. The driving wheel in the skin scratching mechanism and the moss pulling mechanism is driven by the same transmission shaft, so that the transmission mode is simple, and the layout is more compact.
Preferably, the fur cutting mechanism comprises pinch-off discs fixedly arranged at the bottoms of the transmission shafts, the rotation directions of the two paired pinch-off discs are opposite to each other so as to match the root parts of the pinch-off garlic sprouts, and a gap is reserved between the two pinch-off discs in the left-right direction so as to prevent the garlic plants from being pinched off. The pinch-off disc is connected to the transmission shaft, and the skin scratching, the fur pulling and the pinch-off are driven by one transmission shaft, so that the structure is simple.
Preferably, the stand is provided with a distance adjusting plate corresponding to the skin scratching mechanism and/or the moss pulling mechanism, the distance adjusting plate is adjustably assembled on the stand along the left-right direction, and the distance adjusting plate is used for pushing the corresponding transmission chains or transmission belts so as to change the distance between the two corresponding transmission chains or transmission belts. When the garlic bulb pulling device is used, the position of the pitch adjusting plate is changed according to the outer diameters of garlic bulbs, so that the garlic bulb pulling device can be suitable for garlic bulbs with different outer diameters, smooth peeling and pulling of the garlic bulbs can be ensured, and the garlic bulb pulling device can be suitable for garlic bulbs with different outer diameters and has stronger universality.
Preferably, an elastic clamping block is arranged outside the second transmission chain or the second transmission belt and is used for clamping and protecting garlic sprouts. The elastic clamping blocks can ensure the clamping of the garlic sprouts, and simultaneously avoid the clamping of the garlic sprouts due to the fact that excessive clamping force is applied to the garlic sprouts.
Preferably, the bolting mechanism comprises a rolling body rotationally assembled on the frame around an axis extending leftwards and rightwards, and a rolling body driving mechanism for driving the rolling body to rotate;
The mechanical clamping arm comprises two clamping arms which can be opened and closed relatively along the left-right direction, the two clamping arms can clamp garlic sprouts and pull the garlic sprouts out of garlic plants when rotating along with the rolling body, and the garlic sprouts can be loosened to enable the garlic sprouts to fall off;
The garlic stem pulling mechanism further comprises a clamping arm driving mechanism, wherein the clamping arm driving mechanism is used for controlling two clamping arms of the mechanical clamping arm to clamp the garlic stem when the mechanical clamping arm rotates to the front end, and loosening the garlic stem when the mechanical clamping arm rotates to the rear end so as to enable the garlic stem to fall off.
Preferably, the bottom of the frame is provided with a driving wheel, the top of the frame is provided with a motor or an internal combustion engine, the frame is also rotatably provided with a middle shaft extending leftwards and rightwards, and the driving wheel, the skin scraping mechanism, the moss pulling mechanism and the moss breaking mechanism are all in transmission connection with the middle shaft.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an embodiment 1 of a garlic sprout picking machine according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure in the direction A in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure in the direction B in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of two pinch-off discs in example 1 of the garlic sprout picking machine according to the present invention;
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 11 of a garlic sprout picking machine according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a view showing the appearance of a mechanism for pulling out the garlic sprouts in example 11 of the garlic sprouts picking machine provided by the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of FIG. 6 with the drum side panels removed;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing the assembly of one end of a bolting mechanism with a frame in embodiment 11 of the garlic bolt picking machine according to the present invention;
Reference numerals illustrate:
1. A frame; 2. a skin scratching mechanism; 3. a driving wheel; 4. a first sprocket; 5. pinching off the disc; 6. a transmission shaft; 7. a steering wheel; 8. a moss collecting box; 9. a moss pulling mechanism; 10. a motor; 11. a first pulley; 12. a second pulley; 13. a first bevel gear; 14. a second bevel gear; 15. a second sprocket; 16. a third sprocket; 17. a fourth sprocket; 18. a first distance adjusting plate; 19. a first drive chain; 20. a skin-scraping needle; 21. a first driven sprocket; 22. a fifth sprocket; 23. a sixth sprocket; 24. a drive chain; 25. a rubber block; 26. a second distance adjusting plate; 27. a second driven sprocket; 28. a second drive chain; 29. pinching off the disc; 100. a moss pulling mechanism; 101. a hollow shaft; 102. a drum side plate; 103. a roller; 104. a clamp arm; 105. a flexible protective sleeve; 106. an inner rail disc; 107. a U-shaped connecting plate; 108. an outer rail disc; 109. a trough plate; 110. a fixed shaft; 111. a rectangular plate; 112. a hinge shaft; 113. a limiting plate; 114. an intermediate connecting rod; 115. a connecting rod; 116. a synchronizing shaft; 117. a pulley; 118. and a bearing seat.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the particular embodiments described herein are illustrative only and are not intended to limit the invention, i.e., the embodiments described are merely some, but not all, of the embodiments of the invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by a person skilled in the art without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
It is noted that relational terms such as "first" and "second", and the like, are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of a process or method comprising the element.
In the description of the present invention, the terms "mounted," "connected," "coupled," and "connected," as may be used broadly, and may be connected, for example, fixedly, detachably, or integrally, unless otherwise specifically defined and limited; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art in specific cases.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the term "provided" may be interpreted broadly, and for example, an object "provided" may be a part of a body, may be separately disposed from the body, and may be connected to the body, where the connection may be a detachable connection or an undetachable connection. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art in specific cases.
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to examples.
The specific embodiment 1 of the garlic sprout picking machine provided by the invention comprises the following components:
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the garlic stem picking machine is used for automatically picking garlic stems, and only needs to be held by hands to walk and turn, so that the picking efficiency is high, and the labor intensity is low. For convenience of description, the travel direction of the garlic bolt picking machine is defined as a front-back direction, and the garlic bolt picking machine travels forwards from back to front and is vertical to the front-back direction in a left-right direction and a top-bottom direction.
The garlic stem picking machine comprises a frame 1, wherein the frame 1 is used as a carrier of other parts, travelling wheels are arranged at the bottom of the frame 1, each travelling wheel comprises a front driving wheel 3 and a rear steering wheel 7, and the driving wheels 3 are driving wheels. The garlic sprout peeling machine is characterized in that a peeling mechanism 2, a peeling mechanism 9 and a peeling box 8 are arranged on the machine frame 1, the peeling mechanism 2 cuts a garlic sprout on the outer portion of the garlic sprout, the garlic sprout is not completely peeled off, the growth of subsequent garlic is not affected, the peeling mechanism pinches the garlic sprout but does not completely destroy a garlic plant, and the peeling mechanism 9 pulls the clamped garlic sprout out of the garlic plant and conveys the garlic sprout back to the peeling box 8.
The peeling mechanism 2 is structured as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the peeling mechanism 2 comprises a peeling unit comprising two first chain transmission mechanisms arranged at intervals in the left-right direction, the first chain transmission mechanisms comprising a first driving sprocket (not shown in the drawing, coinciding with the fourth sprocket 17 and the fifth sprocket 22 in fig. 2) and a first driven sprocket 21, a first transmission chain 19 being installed between the first driving sprocket and the first driven sprocket 21, the first transmission chains 19 of the two first chain transmission mechanisms together forming a feeding path into which garlic sprouts enter when the garlic sprout picking machine advances forward. As shown in fig. 2, a plurality of skin-scraping needles 20 are uniformly distributed outside the first transmission chain 19 along the trend of the first transmission chain 19 at equal intervals, and the skin-scraping needles 20 are specifically and fixedly installed on the chain links of the first transmission chain 19 and can be fixed in a welding or bonding mode. The first driving chains 19 move circularly along with the rotation of the first driving chain wheels, the skin scraping needles 20 on the two first driving chains 19 can scrape the outer garlic sprouts on the left side and the right side of the garlic sprouts in the moving process, the skin scraping needles 20 on the two first driving chains 19 have a certain distance, the garlic sprouts cannot be damaged, the contact area between the garlic sprouts and the garlic sprouts can be reduced after the garlic sprouts are scraped, and the follow-up garlic sprout pulling mechanism 9 can pull the garlic sprouts out of garlic plants.
The garlic stem picking machine moves forward from back to front, and in order to prevent the garlic stem from tilting forward during the travel of the garlic stem picking machine, in this embodiment, the skin-scraping needle 20 positioned in the feeding passage moves from front to back, opposite to the travel direction of the garlic stem picking machine.
As shown in fig. 1, the front end and the rear end of the peeling mechanism 2 are located at different heights, so that the peeling mechanism 2 is obliquely arranged on the whole, a first transmission chain 19 in the peeling mechanism 2 is obliquely arranged, a certain area can be covered in the up-down direction, peeling treatment can be performed on garlic sprouts with a certain height outside a single garlic sprout, and further the garlic sprout pulling mechanism 9 can be ensured to pull out the garlic sprout.
As shown in fig. 2, in each first transmission chain 19, there is a first distance adjusting plate 18, and the first distance adjusting plates 18 are adjustably mounted on the frame 1 along the left-right direction, specifically, the left-right position adjustment can be realized by forming waist holes extending from left to right on the frame 1 and mounting the first distance adjusting plates 18 on the waist holes of the frame 1 through bolts. The first distance adjusting plates 18 are propped against the inner side of the first transmission chain 19, and the width of the feeding channel can be changed through the adjustment of the two first distance adjusting plates 18, so that the garlic stem picking machine can be suitable for garlic stems with different thicknesses, and the universality of the garlic stem picking machine is improved.
The structure of the bolting mechanism 9 is shown in fig. 1 and 2, the bolting mechanism 9 comprises two second chain transmission mechanisms which are arranged at intervals along the left-right direction, each second chain transmission mechanism comprises a second driving sprocket (not shown in the figure and overlapped with the fourth sprocket 17 and the fifth sprocket 22 in fig. 2) and a second driven sprocket 27, a second transmission chain 28 is arranged between the second driving sprocket and the second driven sprocket 27, and a channel formed by the second transmission chains 28 of the two second chain transmission mechanisms corresponds to the front-back of the feeding channel in the peeling mechanism 2. As shown in fig. 2, a plurality of rubber blocks 25 are uniformly distributed outside the second transmission chain 28 along the direction of the second transmission chain 28 at equal intervals, the rubber blocks 25 of the two second transmission chains 28 can be matched to clamp garlic sprouts, and the garlic sprouts can be clamped and conveyed backwards when the rubber blocks 25 rotate along with the second transmission chain 28 in a circulating way.
As shown in fig. 2, a second distance adjusting plate 26 is arranged in the second transmission chain 28, the second distance adjusting plate 26 has a function similar to that of the first distance adjusting plate 18, and can be adjustably mounted on the frame 1, and the distance between the rubber blocks 25 in the two second transmission chains 28 can be changed through the second distance adjusting plate 26, so that the garlic sprouts with different thickness can be suitable for.
As shown in fig. 1, the bolting means 9 extends obliquely, the front end is lower than the rear end, and the bolting means 9 and the bolting means 2 are overlapped up and down, so that seamless connection between the bolting and the bolting is realized.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the bolting means comprises two pinch-off discs 29, the two pinch-off discs 29 being located below the peeling means 2, at the intersection of the peeling means 2 and the bolting means 9 in the front-rear direction. The structure of the pinch-off discs 29 is shown in fig. 3 and 4, the circumferential edges of the two pinch-off discs 29 are thinner, the pinch-off of garlic sprouts can be completed by mutual cooperation, and gaps are reserved between the two pinch-off discs 29, so that garlic plants are prevented from being pinched off, and the growth of subsequent garlic plants is not affected.
The garlic stem picking machine further comprises a driving mechanism, wherein the driving mechanism is used for driving the peeling mechanism 2, the stem pulling mechanism 9 and the stem breaking mechanism to work and driving the driving wheel 3 to rotate. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the driving mechanism comprises a motor 10, the motor 10 is positioned behind the garlic bolt picking machine, and the motor 10 is used as the only power source of the garlic bolt picking machine. An intermediate shaft is rotatably mounted on the frame 1, and extends laterally, and the motor 10 drives the intermediate shaft to rotate via a first pulley 11, a second pulley 12, and a belt. The peeling mechanism 2, the bolting mechanism 9, the bolting mechanism and the driving wheel 3 are all powered by the intermediate shaft. A third chain wheel 16 is arranged at the top of the front end of the frame 1, a first chain wheel 4 is arranged on the driving wheel 3, a chain wheel corresponding to the third chain wheel 16 is arranged on the intermediate shaft, and all the chain wheels are connected through a transmission chain, so that the driving wheel 3 can be driven to rotate.
The commutator is arranged on the frame 1 and comprises a second bevel gear 14 and a first bevel gear 13, the axes of the second bevel gear 14 and the first bevel gear 13 are mutually perpendicular, a chain wheel corresponding to the second bevel gear 14 is arranged on the intermediate shaft, the intermediate shaft drives the second bevel gear 14 to rotate through a transmission chain, and the second bevel gear 14 drives the first bevel gear 13 to rotate. A second sprocket 15, a fourth sprocket 17, a fifth sprocket 22 and a sixth sprocket 23 are rotatably mounted on the frame 1, and the four sprockets are connected together by a transmission chain 24, and the rotation directions of the fourth sprocket 17 and the fifth sprocket 22 are ensured to be opposite. Wherein the second sprocket 15 is connected to the first bevel gear 13. The fourth sprocket 17 is connected with one of the first driving sprockets of the skin-scratching mechanism 2 and one of the second driving sprockets of the tongue coating pulling mechanism 9 through a transmission shaft 6, the fifth sprocket 22 is connected with the other of the first driving sprockets of the skin-scratching mechanism 2 and the other of the second driving sprockets of the tongue coating pulling mechanism 9 through the transmission shaft 6, and when the second sprocket 15 rotates, the skin-scratching mechanism 2 and the tongue coating pulling mechanism 9 can be driven to work. As shown in fig. 1, two pinch-off discs 29 are respectively installed at the bottoms of two transmission shafts 6, and the two transmission shafts 6 simultaneously drive the skin scraping mechanism 2, the bolting mechanism 9 and the bolting mechanism to work, which is beneficial to centralized control and easy to coordinate the actions of the mechanisms.
When the garlic stem picking machine is used, an operator holds the garlic stem picking machine to advance, the skin-dividing mechanism 2 firstly divides the skin, the garlic stem pulling mechanism 9 clamps the garlic stem when the garlic stem enters the tail end of the skin-dividing mechanism 2, the garlic stem is pinched off by the root part by the stem cutting mechanism, and the garlic stem pulling mechanism 9 clamps the garlic stem and moves backwards to pull the garlic stem out of plants.
Here, the first drive chain 19 forms a circulating conveyor which brings the scoring needle 20 into a circulating movement. In other embodiments, the endless conveying member may be a first belt, and correspondingly, the endless conveying member is engaged with the first belt to form a first driving pulley and a first driven pulley. The rubber blocks 25 form elastic clamping blocks for clamping garlic sprouts, and in other embodiments, the materials of the elastic clamping blocks can be changed. The second driving chain 28 is used to drive the elastic clamping block to circularly move, and in other embodiments, the second driving chain may be replaced by a second driving belt, and correspondingly, the second driving belt and the second driven belt are matched with the second driving belt.
Specific example 2 of garlic sprout picking machine of the present invention:
In the embodiment 1, the driving wheel, the skin scraping mechanism, the moss pulling mechanism and the moss breaking mechanism are all driven by an intermediate shaft connected with a motor. In this embodiment, the motor is replaced by an internal combustion engine, and in other embodiments, the driving wheel, the skin scraping mechanism, the tongue coating pulling mechanism and the tongue coating breaking mechanism may be individually equipped with power sources, and the transmission modes may be correspondingly adjusted.
Specific example 3 of garlic sprout picking machine of the present invention:
In embodiment 1, the second transmission chain is provided with an elastic clamping block. In this embodiment, the elastic clamping block is replaced by the elastic protection layer, or the elastic clamping block is directly removed.
Specific example 4 of garlic sprout picking machine of the present invention:
In embodiment 1, the frame has a first gage plate and a second gage plate. In this embodiment, only one of the distance adjusting plates may be retained. In other embodiments, both the first and second gauge plates are omitted, and the width of the channel is not adjustable, but the garlic stem picking machine of the present invention is still applicable to garlic stems of a single variety and thickness.
Specific example 5 of garlic sprout picking machine of the present invention:
In embodiment 1, the pinch-off disc, the first driving wheel of the peeling mechanism and the second driving wheel of the bolting mechanism are all arranged on a transmission shaft. In this embodiment, the pinching-off disc, the first driving wheel of the peeling mechanism, and the second driving wheel of the bolting mechanism may each be separately equipped with a transmission mechanism.
Specific example 6 of garlic sprout picking machine of the present invention:
In example 1, the bolting means comprise two pinch-off discs. In this embodiment, the bolting means may be any bolting means known in the art, such as a needle-punching means in the background art.
Specific example 7 of garlic sprout picking machine of the present invention:
in example 1, the peeling mechanism and the bolting mechanism have overlapping portions in the up-down direction. In this embodiment, the peeling mechanism and the bolting mechanism are sequentially arranged in the front-rear direction, and no overlapping portion is provided.
Specific example 8 of garlic sprout picking machine of the present invention:
In the embodiment 1, the skin scratching mechanism and the moss pulling mechanism are both low in front and high in back, and the moss pulling mechanism is positioned above the skin scratching mechanism. In this embodiment, the front end of the peeling mechanism may be higher than the rear end of the peeling mechanism, while the front end of the peeling mechanism is still lower than the rear end of the peeling mechanism, or the peeling mechanism may be integrally kept horizontal, so that the distance between the front end of the peeling mechanism and the rear end of the peeling mechanism in the up-down direction is larger.
Specific example 9 of garlic sprout picking machine of the present invention:
In embodiment 1, the endless conveying member is a first drive chain or a first drive belt. In this embodiment, the circulating conveying member may be a rotary cylinder, a feeding channel is formed between the two rotary cylinders, and skin scraping needles are fixed on the outer part of the rotary cylinder, wherein the skin scraping needles may be arranged in a plurality of rows along the up-down direction, so as to increase the number of the openings on the garlic bulb skin.
Specific example 10 of garlic sprout picking machine of the present invention:
in embodiment 1, one skin-peeling mechanism comprises only one skin-peeling unit, and one skin-peeling unit comprises two circulating conveying members which are arranged at intervals left and right. In this embodiment, one peeling mechanism may have two or more peeling units, each peeling unit is sequentially arranged along the left-right direction, and correspondingly, the rear peeling mechanism and the peeling mechanism also need to be increased, so that multiple rows of garlic sprouts can be picked at the same time.
Specific example 11 of garlic sprout picking machine of the present invention:
As shown in fig. 5 to 8, the difference from embodiment 1 is that in embodiment 1, the bolting means comprises two transmission chains or belts. In this embodiment, the bolting mechanism 100 includes a drum 103 rotatably mounted on the frame 1 about an axis extending from left to right, a mechanical gripper is mounted on the drum 103, and two gripper arms 104 of the mechanical gripper can grip garlic sprouts and extract the garlic sprouts from garlic plants when rotating along with the drum 103, and when rotating to the position of the bolting box 8, the two gripper arms 104 of the mechanical gripper are separated to enable the garlic sprouts to fall into the bolting box 8. The mechanical clamping hand corresponds to three groups in the left-right direction, and correspondingly, the front skin scratching mechanism is provided with three skin scratching units which are arranged at intervals left and right.
The two ends of the roller 103 are respectively and fixedly provided with a roller side plate 102, the roller side plates 102 are fixed on the roller 103 through screws, the roller side plates 102 are fixedly provided with hollow shafts 101, and a welding or flange butt-mounting mode can be adopted during specific installation. The bearing pedestal 118 is arranged outside the hollow shaft 101 through a bearing, and the bearing pedestal 118 is fixedly arranged on the frame 1.
The side wall of the roller 103 is provided with a perforation corresponding to each mechanical clamping arm, the mechanical clamping arms are of a scissor type structure, each mechanical clamping arm comprises two clamping arms 104 with mutually hinged middle positions, the outer ends of the clamping arms 104 (along the radial direction of the roller 103) are used for clamping garlic sprouts, and the inner ends of the clamping arms 104 are used for bearing force to drive the two clamping arms 104 to swing relatively to open and close. As shown in fig. 6 and 7, a hinge shaft 112 is fixedly installed at the perforated portion, and an extending direction of the hinge shaft 112 is perpendicular to an axial direction of the drum 103. The intermediate positions of the two gripper arms 104 are rotatably mounted on the hinge shaft 112, so that the robot gripper is hinge-mounted on the drum 103. Two limiting plates 113 are further installed at the perforation positions, the two limiting plates 113 are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the hinge shaft 112, and the limiting plates 113 are used for limiting the mechanical clamping hand to move along the axial direction of the hinge shaft 112.
Intermediate connecting rods 114 are respectively hinged on the stress ends of the two clamping arms 104, one end of each intermediate connecting rod 114 is hinged on the clamping arm 104, and the other ends of the two intermediate connecting rods 114 are simultaneously hinged on a connecting rod 115. When the connecting rod 115 moves in the radial direction of the drum 103, the diamond shape formed by the intermediate connecting rod 114 and the clip arms 104 can be changed, thereby driving the two clip arms 104 to open and close relatively.
In order to make the two clamping arms 104 clamp garlic sprouts when rotating to the front end along with the roller 103 and release the garlic sprouts when rotating to the rear end, in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 7 and 8, a fixed shaft 110 is penetrated in the roller 103, the fixed shaft 110 penetrates through the hollow shaft 101 and is fixed on the frame 1, a rectangular plate 111 is welded at the end of the fixed shaft 110, and the rectangular plate 111 is fixedly mounted on the frame 1. An inner rail 106 and an outer rail 108 are mounted inside the drum 103, and the inner rail 106 and the outer rail 108 are respectively arranged on two sides of the drum 103, and the inner rail 106 and the outer rail 108 cooperate to form a cam plate, only one of which will be described below.
The inner rail 106 is fixedly mounted on the fixed shaft 110, and specifically, a welding or flange butt joint mode can be adopted, the inner rail 106 and the outer rail 108 are arranged at intervals along the radial direction of the roller 103, and the inner rail 106 and the outer rail 108 are matched to form a cam groove. The outer rail plate 108 and the inner rail plate 106 are connected through three U-shaped connecting plates 107 which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction. The pulley 117 is installed in the cam groove, the pulley 117 is a sheave and is clamped between the inner rail 106 and the outer rail 108, the pulley 117 can slide along the cam groove, and the radial distance from the axis of the roller 103 can be changed in the rotating process of the pulley 117 due to different radial distances from the axis of the roller 103 in the cam groove. Wherein the front end of the cam slot is at a small radial distance from the axis of the drum 103 and the rear end of the cam slot is at a large radial distance from the axis of the drum 103.
As shown in fig. 7, a synchronizing shaft 116 is connected between two pulleys 117, and each connecting rod 115 is connected to the synchronizing shaft 116, specifically, may be fixedly connected or may be rotatably mounted around the axis of the synchronizing shaft 116. The roller 103 rotates to drive the synchronizing shaft 116 and the pulley 117 to rotate synchronously, the pulley 117 is constrained by the cam groove to move radially in the rotation process, the connecting rod 115 is driven to reciprocate, and the two clamping arms 104 of each mechanical clamping hand are driven to open and close relatively through the reciprocating movement of the connecting rod 115. As shown in fig. 7, in order to restrict and limit the movement of the synchronizing shaft 116, a groove plate 109 is rotatably mounted on the outside of the fixed shaft 110 through a bearing, the groove plate 109 is positioned inside the drum 103, a radially extending U-shaped groove is formed in the groove plate 109, and the synchronizing shaft 116 is positioned in the U-shaped groove.
In this embodiment, the mechanical grippers defining the same circumferential position are grouped, in this embodiment, there are four groups of mechanical grippers, each group includes three mechanical grippers, and there are four corresponding synchronous shafts 116 and U-shaped grooves on the groove plate 109.
In order to reduce the damage of the two clamp arms 104 to the garlic sprouts when the garlic sprouts are clamped, the harvesting of the garlic sprouts with different diameters is met, the flexible protecting sleeves 105 are fixed on the outer parts of the clamp arms 104, and the gap between the two clamp arms 104 can be adjusted by selecting the flexible protecting sleeves 105 with different thicknesses.
In this embodiment, the hollow shaft 101, the roller 103, and the roller side plate 102 cooperate to form a rolling body, and the rolling body driving mechanism can drive the rolling body to rotate, and the rolling body driving mechanism may be a motor or the like. The fixed shaft 110, the outer rail 108, the inner rail 106, the intermediate link 114, the connecting rod 115, the synchronizing shaft 116, and the pulley 117 form a gripper arm driving mechanism capable of driving the mechanical gripper to open and close relatively.
In this embodiment, the arm is provided with a flexible protective sleeve. In other embodiments, the flexible protective sleeve on the arm is omitted, and correspondingly, the arm is made of a softer material.
In this embodiment, the mechanical gripper has four groups evenly distributed along the circumference of the rolling body, and each group has three mechanical grippers axially spaced along the rolling body. In other embodiments, the number of mechanical grippers may be increased or decreased, or only one.
In this embodiment, a groove plate is fixedly installed in the drum. In other embodiments, the fluted plate is eliminated.
In this embodiment, the cam plate includes an inner and an outer rail plate connected to each other, and in other embodiments, the cam plate is formed as a single body, and the cam groove is formed in one side surface of the cam plate.
In the embodiment, the cam disc and the synchronous shaft drive the connecting rod to move, so that the two clamping arms of the mechanical clamping hand can be opened and closed relatively. In other embodiments, in order to drive the connecting rod, a linear driving member, such as an air cylinder, an electric push rod, etc., is fixedly installed in the roller, and a controller is required to control the actions of the air cylinder and the electric push rod, so that the linear driving member drives the connecting rod to approach the clamping arm when the connecting rod rotates to the front end and drives the connecting rod to be far away from the clamping arm when the connecting rod rotates to the rear end. At this time, the number of the mechanical grippers needs to be reduced to avoid interference of the linear driving members.
In this embodiment, two arms in the mechanical hand are hinged to each other, and one end has a middle connecting rod and a connecting rod. In other embodiments, the middle connecting rod and the connecting rod are omitted, one clamping arm is fixedly arranged on the hinge shaft, the clamping arm driving mechanism comprises a linear driving piece, and the linear driving piece drives the inner end of the other clamping arm to swing in a reciprocating manner, so that the relative opening and closing of the mechanical clamping arm are realized.
In this embodiment, two arms of the mechanical gripper are hinged together. In other embodiments, one of the two clamping arms in the mechanical clamping hand is fixed on the rolling body, the other clamping arm is assembled on the rolling body in a sliding manner along the left-right direction, and the clamping arm driving mechanism drives the clamping arms assembled in a sliding manner to reciprocate, so that the two clamping arms can be opened and closed relatively. The rolling bodies at the moment can no longer comprise rollers, but only comprise rollers, and the clamping arms and the clamping arm driving mechanisms are arranged on the rollers.
It should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, but may be modified without inventive effort or equivalent substitution of some technical features thereof by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A garlic sprout picking machine comprising:
The garlic stem cutting machine comprises a frame (1), wherein a stem cutting mechanism for cutting off garlic stems from roots is arranged on the frame (1), and a stem pulling mechanism for pulling out the garlic stems after passing through the stem cutting mechanism from garlic plants;
The method is characterized in that:
Defining that the garlic stem picking machine moves forwards from back to back, and is vertical to the front-back direction in a left-right direction and an up-down direction;
The garlic stem peeling machine is characterized in that a peeling mechanism (2) is arranged in front of a peeling mechanism on the frame (1), the peeling mechanism (2) is located above the peeling mechanism, the peeling mechanism (2) comprises at least one peeling unit, each peeling unit comprises two circulating conveying members which are distributed at intervals along the left-right direction, the conveying directions of the two circulating conveying members are opposite, a feeding channel for the garlic stem to enter is formed between the two circulating conveying members, peeling needles (20) are arranged on the circulating conveying members, the peeling needles (20) on the two circulating conveying members are used for peeling garlic stem which enters the feeding channel and is located at the outer sides of the left side and the right side of the garlic stem, and the moving direction of the peeling needles (20) in the feeding channel is from front to back;
The driving mechanism is used for driving the moss cutting mechanism, the moss pulling mechanism and the circulating conveying piece to act;
The circulating conveying piece is a first transmission chain (19) or a first transmission belt, and the front end and the rear end of the first transmission chain (19) or the first transmission belt are positioned at different heights, so that the first transmission chain (19) or the first transmission belt extends obliquely.
2. Garlic sprout picking machine according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the leather-scratching needles (20) are distributed at intervals along the extending direction of the first transmission chain (19) or the first transmission belt.
3. Garlic sprout picking machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: the moss pulling mechanism is positioned above the peeling mechanism (2), and comprises two second transmission chains (28) or second transmission belts which are arranged at intervals along the left-right direction corresponding to each peeling unit, a channel between the two second transmission chains (28) or the second transmission belts corresponds to the front-back direction of the feeding channel, and the two second transmission chains (28) or the second transmission belts are used for clamping garlic moss in a matched mode and conveying the garlic moss backwards;
The front end of the first transmission chain (19) or the first transmission belt is lower than the rear end, so that the rear end of the first transmission chain (19) or the first transmission belt extends obliquely upwards;
the front end of the second drive chain (28) or the second drive belt is lower than the rear end, so that the rear end of the second drive chain (28) or the second drive belt extends obliquely upward.
4. A garlic bolt picking machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: the skin scratching mechanism (2) and the moss pulling mechanism are provided with overlapping parts in the vertical direction.
5. Garlic sprout picking machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: the skin scratching mechanism (2) comprises a first driving wheel matched with the first transmission chain (19) or the first transmission belt, and the first driving wheel is positioned at the rear end of the skin scratching mechanism (2);
the bolting mechanism comprises a second driving wheel matched with a second transmission chain (28) or a second transmission belt, and the second driving wheel is positioned at the front end of the bolting mechanism;
The first driving wheel and the second driving wheel are coaxially arranged;
The driving mechanism comprises a transmission shaft (6) connected with the first driving wheel and the second driving wheel, and the transmission shaft (6) is distributed with two transmission shafts at intervals along the left-right direction corresponding to the same skin scratching unit.
6. Garlic sprout picking machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: corresponding to the same peeling unit, the peeling mechanism comprises pinch-off discs (29) fixedly arranged at the bottoms of the transmission shafts (6), the rotation directions of the two paired pinch-off discs (29) are opposite to each other so as to match the root of the pinch-off garlic sprouts, and gaps are reserved between the two pinch-off discs (29) in the left-right direction so as to prevent the garlic plants from being pinched off.
7. Garlic sprout picking machine according to any of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that: the frame (1) is provided with a distance adjusting plate corresponding to the skin scratching mechanism (2) and/or the moss pulling mechanism, the distance adjusting plate is assembled on the frame (1) in a position adjustable along the left-right direction, and the distance adjusting plate is used for pushing corresponding transmission chains or transmission belts so as to change the distance between the two corresponding transmission chains or transmission belts.
8. Garlic sprout picking machine according to any of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that: and an elastic clamping block is arranged outside the second transmission chain (28) or the second transmission belt and is used for clamping and protecting garlic sprouts.
9. Garlic sprout picking machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the bolting mechanism comprises a rolling body rotationally assembled on the frame (1) around an axis extending leftwards and rightwards, and a rolling body driving mechanism for driving the rolling body to rotate;
The rolling bodies are provided with mechanical clamping hands, the mechanical clamping hands comprise two clamping arms (104) which can be opened and closed relatively in the left-right direction, the two clamping arms (104) can clamp garlic sprouts and pull the garlic sprouts out of garlic plants when rotating along with the rolling bodies, and the garlic sprouts can be loosened to fall off;
the garlic bolt pulling mechanism further comprises a clamping arm driving mechanism, wherein the clamping arm driving mechanism is used for controlling two clamping arms (104) of the mechanical clamping hand to clamp the garlic bolt when the mechanical clamping hand rotates to the front end, and loosening the garlic bolt when the mechanical clamping hand rotates to the rear end so as to enable the garlic bolt to fall off.
10. Garlic sprout picking machine according to any of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: the automatic fur pulling machine is characterized in that a driving wheel (3) is arranged at the bottom of the machine frame (1), a motor (10) or an internal combustion engine is arranged at the top of the machine frame (1), a middle shaft extending leftwards and rightwards is further rotatably assembled on the machine frame (1), and the driving wheel (3), the fur pulling mechanism (2), the fur pulling mechanism and the fur breaking mechanism are all in transmission connection with the middle shaft.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110655115.4A CN115462237B (en) | 2021-06-11 | 2021-06-11 | Garlic stem picking machine |
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| CN202110655115.4A CN115462237B (en) | 2021-06-11 | 2021-06-11 | Garlic stem picking machine |
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| CN115462237B true CN115462237B (en) | 2024-05-07 |
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| CN115804295A (en) * | 2022-12-28 | 2023-03-17 | 天水师范学院 | Young garlic shoot harvester |
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