CN115459630B - Carbonized rice hull-based photovoltaic power generation device and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Carbonized rice hull-based photovoltaic power generation device and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 208
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 208
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 title 1
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 claims abstract description 207
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000001856 Ethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl cellulose Chemical compound CCOCC1OC(OC)C(OCC)C(OCC)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC)C(CO)O1 ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- WUOACPNHFRMFPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-terpineol Chemical compound CC1=CCC(C(C)(C)O)CC1 WUOACPNHFRMFPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- SQIFACVGCPWBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N delta-terpineol Natural products CC(C)(O)C1CCC(=C)CC1 SQIFACVGCPWBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229920001249 ethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 235000019325 ethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229940116411 terpineol Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 29
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002070 nanowire Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910021392 nanocarbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012620 biological material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002121 nanofiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000128 polypyrrole Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N3/00—Generators in which thermal or kinetic energy is converted into electrical energy by ionisation of a fluid and removal of the charge therefrom
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a carbonization rice hull-based photovoltaic power generation device and a preparation method thereof. The technical proposal is as follows: adding carbonized rice hull powder into absolute ethyl alcohol, mixing, adding terpineol, ethyl cellulose and glass fiber filter paper fragments, stirring, and drying to obtain carbonized rice hull slurry; adding the carbon nano tube into absolute ethyl alcohol, mixing, adding terpineol and ethyl cellulose glass fiber filter paper fragments, stirring and drying to obtain carbon nano tube slurry. The method comprises the steps of respectively coating a right-angle fold line type wire film on the upper part and the lower part of a rectangular corundum substrate by using carbon nano tube slurry, coating a rectangular carbonized rice hull film by using carbonized rice hull slurry, and naturally drying. And annealing the mixture in a muffle furnace at 350-400 ℃ for 120-150 min to obtain the carbonized rice husk-based photovoltaic power generation device. The invention has the characteristics of low cost and simple process flow, and the prepared carbonization rice hull-based photovoltaic power generation device can continuously generate power and has stable electric energy output.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of a photovoltaic power generation device. In particular to a carbonization rice hull-based photovoltaic power generation device and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In recent years, the research on the photovoltaic effect provides a new idea for the development of novel clean and environment-friendly energy sources. Water accounts for about 70% of the earth's surface, evaporation, falling and flow are ubiquitous, so that water voltaics is the current research direction with great development potential. At present, the types of materials suitable for the water volt are more and more, and the water volt is in a rapid development stage from the earliest carbon nano material to the current metal oxide, semiconductor and high molecular polymer. Typical nanocarbon nanomaterials, including carbon nanotubes, graphene have been demonstrated to produce a hydro-voltaic effect, such as a Zhou team (Xue,G.,Xu,Y.,Ding,T.et al.Water-evaporation-induced electricity with nanostructured carbon materials.Nature Nanotech 12,317–321(2017).) using nano-carbon black to produce a voltage on the order of volts. In addition, more and more semiconductor materials are being applied in the field of water volts, such as TiO2 nanowires and Si nanowires, which have proven to drive simple electronic components. Notably, renewable resource biomaterials have received attention in recent years. The material is relatively easy to obtain, has a unique biomass structure, and has a wide development prospect in the field of water volts.
The reported photovoltaic devices have some drawbacks, firstly, the current photovoltaic devices generally have high cost and complex process flow, for example, the photovoltaic devices adopting the biological nano-fibers (Li,M.,Zong,L.,Yang,W.,Li,X.,You,J.,Wu,X.,Li,Z.,Li,C.,Biological Nanofibrous Generator for Electricity Harvest from Moist Air Flow.Adv.Funct.Mater.2019,29,1901798.) and the polypyrrole nano-wires (Nie X,Ji B,ChenN,et al.Gradient dopedpolymer nanowire formoistelectric nanogenerator[J].Nano Energy,2018,46:297-304.) as main materials are not easy to obtain and the synthetic preparation process has high cost. In addition, the current response mode of the water-based photovoltaic device for water mostly adopts a mode of generating pulse signals (Shen, d., xiao, m., zou, g., liu, l., duley, w.w., zhou, Y.N., adv.Mater.2018,30,1705925) by means of humidity change, and the mode of generating electric energy is difficult to continuously work, so that research and application in the field of water-based photovoltaic are limited.
The carbonized rice hulls are easily obtained biomass carbon materials, and the natural nano-pore structure and the high carbon content (50-60 wt%) of the carbonized rice hulls endow the carbonized rice hulls with large application potential as novel photovoltaic materials, and the technology for using the carbonized rice hulls as the photovoltaic materials is not reported at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and aims to provide a preparation method of a carbonization rice hull-based photovoltaic power generation device with low preparation cost and simple process flow.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the steps of the technical scheme adopted by the invention are as follows:
firstly, carbonizing rice hulls for 2-3 hours under the argon atmosphere and at the temperature of 600-800 ℃, and then ball-milling for 5-9 hours by using a ball mill to obtain carbonized rice hull powder.
Adding 1 part by mass of carbonized rice hull powder into 35-40 parts by mass of absolute ethyl alcohol, uniformly mixing, adding 2-3 parts by mass of terpineol, 1-2 parts by mass of ethyl cellulose and 0.2-0.4 part by mass of glass fiber filter paper fragments, stirring for 5-6 h under the condition of 150-200 r/min, and then drying for 2-3 h under the condition of 60-70 ℃ to obtain carbonized rice hull slurry.
Adding 1 part by mass of carbon nano tube into 35-40 parts by mass of absolute ethyl alcohol, uniformly mixing, adding 2-3 parts by mass of terpineol, 1-2 parts by mass of ethyl cellulose and 0.2-0.4 part by mass of glass fiber filter paper fragments, stirring for 5-6 h under the condition of 150-200 r/min, and drying for 2-3 h under the condition of 60-70 ℃ to obtain carbon nano tube slurry.
And fourthly, selecting a rectangular corundum substrate with length multiplied by width multiplied by L1 multiplied by B1, coating a long right-angle broken line type wire film on the position close to the bottom edge of the corundum substrate and the position close to the left edge of the corundum substrate by using carbon nano tube slurry, and coating a short right-angle broken line type wire film on the position close to the top edge of the corundum substrate and the position close to the right edge of the corundum substrate by using the carbon nano tube slurry. And then coating a rectangular carbonized rice hull film with the carbonized rice hull slurry, wherein the rectangular carbonized rice hull film covers the folding lines of 2 folding line type wire films along the width direction to obtain a green body of the photovoltaic power generation device based on the carbonized rice hulls.
The length of the rectangular carbonized rice hull film is multiplied by the width=L2×B2= (0.7-0.8) L1× (0.45-0.55) B1; the thickness of the rectangular carbonized rice hull film is 150-200 mu m.
And fifthly, naturally drying the green body of the photovoltaic power generation device based on the carbonized rice hulls for 0.5-1.5 h, and placing the green body in a muffle furnace to anneal for 120-150 min at 350-400 ℃ to obtain the photovoltaic power generation device based on the carbonized rice hulls.
The grain diameter of the carbonized rice hull powder is 2-5 mu m.
The area of the sheared glass fiber filter paper is 1-10 mm 2.
The length L1=100-150 mm of the rectangular corundum substrate, and the width B1=50-70 mm of the rectangular corundum substrate.
The distance L3= (0.55-0.6) L1 between the long right-angle fold line type wire film and the short right-angle fold line type wire film along the length direction; and the distance B3= (0.2-0.25) B1 between the long side of the carbonized rice hull film and the long side of the rectangular corundum substrate.
By adopting the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) The main raw materials adopted for preparing the carbonized rice hull film are carbonized rice hulls, terpineol, glass fiber filter paper fragments and ethyl cellulose, wherein the carbonized rice hulls are biomass morph-genetic carbon materials, are easy to obtain, have low cost and are simple in manufacturing process; the carbonized rice hull slurry and the carbon nano tube slurry are respectively obtained by stirring and drying a small amount of carbonized rice hull powder and carbon nano tubes, so that the prepared carbonized rice hull-based photovoltaic power generation device has low cost and simple process.
(2) The device is characterized in that a carbonized rice hull film is obtained by adopting a coating method to a carbon nano tube slurry and a carbonized rice hull slurry which are prepared in advance, and then the carbonized rice hull film is annealed at 350-400 ℃ in a muffle furnace, so that the carbonized rice hull-based photovoltaic power generation device is obtained, and the process is simple.
(3) The main raw material adopted by the invention is carbonized rice husk, is an extremely common biomass morph-genetic material, has a natural nano-pore structure, and can effectively improve the water-borne performance of the device. And a large number of micron-sized pore channels can be formed through particle accumulation, so that water generates an electric double layer overlapping effect when flowing through the pore channels, and potential difference is formed, thereby outputting voltage continuously. The interaction mode of the carbonized rice hull-based water-based photovoltaic power generation device and water is sustainable capillary action caused by the evaporation induction action of water. Therefore, the device has the characteristic of sustainable power generation, and the electric energy output is stable.
The carbonization rice hull-based photovoltaic power generation device prepared by the invention is detected by the following steps: the open circuit voltage is 100-150 mV, the short circuit current is 8-14 nA, and the voltage output is maintained for more than 24-48 h. Therefore, the prepared carbonization rice hull-based photovoltaic power generation device has stable electric energy output.
The invention has the characteristics of low cost and simple process flow, and the prepared carbonization rice hull-based photovoltaic power generation device can continuously generate power and has stable electric energy output.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process for manufacturing a carbonized rice hull-based photovoltaic power plant made in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a plan view of the charred rice hull based photovoltaic power plant of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an SEM photograph of the charred rice hull based photovoltaic power plant of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is an open circuit voltage versus time plot for the rice hull-based photovoltaic power generation device of FIG. 1;
fig. 5 is a graph of short-circuit current versus time for the carbonized rice hull-based photovoltaic power plant of fig. 1.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described in connection with the drawings and the detailed description which follow, without limiting the scope thereof.
A photovoltaic power generation device based on carbonized rice hulls and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method of the specific embodiment comprises the following steps:
firstly, carbonizing rice hulls for 2-3 hours under the argon atmosphere and at the temperature of 600-800 ℃, and then ball-milling for 5-9 hours by using a ball mill to obtain carbonized rice hull powder.
Adding 1 part by mass of carbonized rice hull powder into 35-40 parts by mass of absolute ethyl alcohol, uniformly mixing, adding 2-3 parts by mass of terpineol, 1-2 parts by mass of ethyl cellulose and 0.2-0.4 part by mass of glass fiber filter paper fragments, stirring for 5-6 h under the condition of 150-200 r/min, and then drying for 2-3 h under the condition of 60-70 ℃ to obtain carbonized rice hull slurry.
Adding 1 part by mass of carbon nano tube into 35-40 parts by mass of absolute ethyl alcohol, uniformly mixing, adding 2-3 parts by mass of terpineol, 1-2 parts by mass of ethyl cellulose and 0.2-0.4 part by mass of glass fiber filter paper fragments, stirring for 5-6 h under the condition of 150-200 r/min, and drying for 2-3 h under the condition of 60-70 ℃ to obtain carbon nano tube slurry.
And fourthly, selecting a rectangular corundum substrate with length multiplied by width multiplied by L1 multiplied by B1, coating a long right-angle broken line type wire film on the position close to the bottom edge of the corundum substrate and the position close to the left edge of the corundum substrate by using carbon nano tube slurry, and coating a short right-angle broken line type wire film on the position close to the top edge of the corundum substrate and the position close to the right edge of the corundum substrate by using the carbon nano tube slurry. And then coating a rectangular carbonized rice hull film with the carbonized rice hull slurry, wherein the rectangular carbonized rice hull film covers the folding lines of 2 folding line type wire films along the width direction to obtain a green body of the photovoltaic power generation device based on the carbonized rice hulls.
The length of the rectangular carbonized rice hull film is multiplied by the width=L2×B2= (0.7-0.8) L1× (0.45-0.55) B1; the thickness of the rectangular carbonized rice hull film is 150-200 mu m.
And fifthly, naturally drying the green body of the photovoltaic power generation device based on the carbonized rice hulls for 0.5-1.5 h, and placing the green body in a muffle furnace to anneal for 120-150 min at 350-400 ℃ to obtain the photovoltaic power generation device based on the carbonized rice hulls.
The length L1=100-150 mm of the rectangular corundum substrate, and the width B1=50-70 mm of the rectangular corundum substrate.
The distance L3= (0.55-0.6) L1 between the long right-angle fold line type wire film and the short right-angle fold line type wire film along the length direction; and the distance B3= (0.2-0.25) B1 between the long side of the carbonized rice hull film and the long side of the rectangular corundum substrate.
In this embodiment:
The grain diameter of the carbonized rice hull powder is smaller than 5 mu m;
the area of the sheared glass fiber filter paper is 1-10 mm 2.
The embodiments are not described in detail.
Example 1
A photovoltaic power generation device based on carbonized rice hulls and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method of the embodiment is as follows:
Firstly, carbonizing rice hulls for 2 hours under the condition of argon atmosphere and 800 ℃, and then ball-milling for 5 hours by using a ball mill to obtain carbonized rice hull powder.
Adding 1 part by mass of carbonized rice hull powder into 38 parts by mass of absolute ethyl alcohol, uniformly mixing, adding 2.5 parts by mass of terpineol, 2 parts by mass of ethylcellulose and 0.3 part by mass of glass fiber filter paper fragments, stirring for 5 hours under the condition of 200r/min, and then drying for 2.5 hours at 63 ℃ to obtain carbonized rice hull slurry.
Adding 1 part by mass of carbon nano tube into 40 parts by mass of absolute ethyl alcohol, uniformly mixing, adding 2 parts by mass of terpineol, 1.5 parts by mass of ethyl cellulose and 0.25 part by mass of glass fiber filter paper fragments, stirring for 6h under the condition of 180r/min, and drying for 3h at the temperature of 60 ℃ to obtain carbon nano tube slurry.
And fourthly, selecting a rectangular corundum substrate with length multiplied by width=L1 multiplied by B1, coating a long right-angle broken line type wire film on the position close to the bottom edge of the corundum substrate and the position close to the left edge of the corundum substrate by using carbon nano tube slurry, coating a short right-angle broken line type wire film on the position close to the top edge of the corundum substrate and the position close to the right edge of the corundum substrate by using carbon nano tube slurry, and then coating a rectangular carbonized rice hull film by using carbonized rice hull slurry, wherein the rectangular carbonized rice hull film covers 2 broken lines of the broken line type wire film along the width direction, and obtaining a green body of the carbonized rice hull-based photovoltaic power generation device.
The rectangular carbonized rice hull film has the length of x width=L2×B2=0.7L1× 0.45B1; the thickness of the rectangular carbonized rice hull film is 150 mu m.
And fifthly, naturally drying the green body of the photovoltaic power generation device based on the carbonized rice hulls for 1h, and placing the green body in a muffle furnace to anneal for 145min at 350 ℃ to obtain the photovoltaic power generation device based on the carbonized rice hulls.
The length l1=120 mm of the rectangular corundum substrate and the width b1=55 mm of the rectangular corundum substrate.
The distance between the long right-angle broken line type wire film and the short right-angle broken line type wire film along the length direction is L3= 0.55L1; and the distance B3= 0.2B1 between the long side of the carbonized rice hull film and the long side of the rectangular corundum substrate.
The carbonized rice hull-based photovoltaic power generation device prepared in the embodiment is detected: and under the conditions that the humidity is 45% and the temperature is 15 ℃, the carbonized rice hull-based photovoltaic power generation device is vertically placed in deionized water, the deionized water level is Yu Chang right-angle broken line type lead films, the generated open circuit voltage is 100-120 mV, the short circuit current is 8-11 nA, and the power generation time is longer than 24 hours.
Example 2
A photovoltaic power generation device based on carbonized rice hulls and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method of the embodiment is as follows:
firstly, carbonizing rice hulls for 2 hours under the condition of argon atmosphere and 800 ℃, and then ball-milling for 6 hours by using a ball mill to obtain carbonized rice hull powder.
Adding 1 part by mass of carbonized rice hull powder into 37 parts by mass of absolute ethyl alcohol, uniformly mixing, adding 2.5 parts by mass of terpineol, 1.5 parts by mass of ethylcellulose and 0.4 part by mass of glass fiber filter paper fragments, stirring for 5.5 hours under the condition of 180r/min, and then drying for 2.2 hours under the condition of 65 ℃ to obtain carbonized rice hull slurry.
Adding 1 part by mass of carbon nano tube into 40 parts by mass of absolute ethyl alcohol, uniformly mixing, adding 2.5 parts by mass of terpineol, 2 parts by mass of ethyl cellulose and 0.4 part by mass of glass fiber filter paper fragments, stirring for 5.5 hours under the condition of 200r/min, and drying for 2.5 hours at the temperature of 65 ℃ to obtain carbon nano tube slurry.
And fourthly, selecting a rectangular corundum substrate with length multiplied by width multiplied by L1 multiplied by B1, coating a long right-angle broken line type wire film on the position close to the bottom edge of the corundum substrate and the position close to the left edge of the corundum substrate by using carbon nano tube slurry, and coating a short right-angle broken line type wire film on the position close to the top edge of the corundum substrate and the position close to the right edge of the corundum substrate by using the carbon nano tube slurry. And then coating a rectangular carbonized rice hull film with the carbonized rice hull slurry, wherein the rectangular carbonized rice hull film covers the folding lines of 2 folding line type wire films along the width direction to obtain a green body of the photovoltaic power generation device based on the carbonized rice hulls.
The rectangular carbonized rice hull film is long and wide=L2×B2= 0.8L1 × 0.5B1; the thickness of the rectangular carbonized rice hull film is 190 mu m.
And fifthly, naturally drying the green body of the photovoltaic power generation device based on the carbonized rice hulls for 1h, and placing the green body in a muffle furnace to anneal for 130min at 350 ℃ to obtain the photovoltaic power generation device based on the carbonized rice hulls.
The length l1=110 mm of the rectangular corundum substrate and the width b1=60 mm of the rectangular corundum substrate.
The distance between the long right-angle broken line type wire film and the short right-angle broken line type wire film along the length direction is L3= 0.55L1; and the distance B3= 0.25B1 between the long side of the carbonized rice hull film and the long side of the rectangular corundum substrate.
The carbonized rice hull-based photovoltaic power generation device prepared in the embodiment is detected: and under the conditions that the humidity is 45% and the temperature is 15 ℃, the carbonized rice hull-based photovoltaic power generation device is vertically placed in deionized water, the deionized water level is Yu Chang, the right-angle broken line type lead film is high, the generated open circuit voltage is 110-120 mV, the short circuit current is 12-14 nA, and the power generation time is longer than 24 hours.
Example 3
A photovoltaic power generation device based on carbonized rice hulls and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method of the embodiment is as follows:
Firstly, carbonizing rice hulls for 3 hours under the condition of argon atmosphere and 700 ℃, and then ball-milling for 7 hours by using a ball mill to obtain carbonized rice hull powder.
Adding 1 part by mass of carbonized rice hull powder into 40 parts by mass of absolute ethyl alcohol, uniformly mixing, adding 3 parts by mass of terpineol, 1.8 parts by mass of ethylcellulose and 0.4 part by mass of glass fiber filter paper fragments, stirring for 5.5 hours under the condition of 170r/min, and then drying for 2.5 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃ to obtain carbonized rice hull slurry.
Adding 1 part by mass of carbon nano tube into 35 parts by mass of absolute ethyl alcohol, uniformly mixing, adding 2.5 parts by mass of terpineol, 1 part by mass of ethyl cellulose and 0.3 part by mass of glass fiber filter paper fragments, stirring for 5.5 hours under the condition of 150r/min, and drying for 2 hours at the temperature of 65 ℃ to obtain carbon nano tube slurry.
And fourthly, selecting a rectangular corundum substrate with length multiplied by width multiplied by L1 multiplied by B1, coating a long right-angle broken line type wire film on the position close to the bottom edge of the corundum substrate and the position close to the left edge of the corundum substrate by using carbon nano tube slurry, and coating a short right-angle broken line type wire film on the position close to the top edge of the corundum substrate and the position close to the right edge of the corundum substrate by using the carbon nano tube slurry. And then coating a rectangular carbonized rice hull film with the carbonized rice hull slurry, wherein the rectangular carbonized rice hull film covers the folding lines of 2 folding line type wire films along the width direction to obtain a green body of the photovoltaic power generation device based on the carbonized rice hulls.
The rectangular carbonized rice hull film is long and wide=L2×B2= 0.8L1 × 0.5B1; the thickness of the rectangular carbonized rice hull film is 200 mu m.
And fifthly, naturally drying the green body of the photovoltaic power generation device based on the carbonized rice hulls for 1.5 hours, and placing the green body in a muffle furnace to anneal for 120 minutes at 400 ℃ to obtain the photovoltaic power generation device based on the carbonized rice hulls.
The length l1=100 mm of the rectangular corundum substrate and the width b1=50 mm of the rectangular corundum substrate.
The distance between the long right-angle broken line type wire film and the short right-angle broken line type wire film along the length direction is L3= 0.6L1; and the distance B3= 0.22B1 between the long side of the carbonized rice hull film and the long side of the rectangular corundum substrate.
The carbonized rice hull-based photovoltaic power generation device prepared in the embodiment is detected: and under the conditions that the humidity is 45% and the temperature is 15 ℃, the carbonized rice hull-based photovoltaic power generation device is vertically placed in deionized water, the deionized water level is Yu Chang, the right-angle broken line type lead film is high, the generated open circuit voltage is 140-150 mV, the short circuit current is 10-14 nA, and the power generation time is longer than 24 hours.
Example 4
A photovoltaic power generation device based on carbonized rice hulls and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method of the embodiment is as follows:
Firstly, carbonizing rice hulls for 2.5 hours under the condition of argon atmosphere and 650 ℃, and then ball-milling for 8 hours by using a ball mill to obtain carbonized rice hull powder.
Adding 1 part by mass of carbonized rice hull powder into 39 parts by mass of absolute ethyl alcohol, uniformly mixing, adding 2 parts by mass of terpineol, 1.2 parts by mass of ethylcellulose and 0.35 part by mass of glass fiber filter paper fragments, stirring for 5 hours under the condition of 150r/min, and then drying for 3 hours at the temperature of 70 ℃ to obtain carbonized rice hull slurry.
Adding 1 part by mass of carbon nano tube into 40 parts by mass of absolute ethyl alcohol, uniformly mixing, adding 3 parts by mass of terpineol, 1 part by mass of ethyl cellulose and 0.3 part by mass of glass fiber filter paper fragments, stirring for 6 hours under the condition of 160r/min, and drying for 3 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃ to obtain carbon nano tube slurry.
And fourthly, selecting a rectangular corundum substrate with length multiplied by width multiplied by L1 multiplied by B1, coating a long right-angle broken line type wire film on the position close to the bottom edge of the corundum substrate and the position close to the left edge of the corundum substrate by using carbon nano tube slurry, and coating a short right-angle broken line type wire film on the position close to the top edge of the corundum substrate and the position close to the right edge of the corundum substrate by using the carbon nano tube slurry. And then coating a rectangular carbonized rice hull film with the carbonized rice hull slurry, wherein the rectangular carbonized rice hull film covers the folding lines of 2 folding line type wire films along the width direction to obtain a green body of the photovoltaic power generation device based on the carbonized rice hulls.
The rectangular carbonized rice hull film has the length of x width=L2×B2=0.7L1× 0.55B1; rectangular charred rice hull film with thickness of 170 μm
And fifthly, naturally drying the green body of the photovoltaic power generation device based on the carbonized rice hulls for 0.5h, and placing the green body in a muffle furnace to anneal for 150min at 385 ℃ to obtain the photovoltaic power generation device based on the carbonized rice hulls.
The length l1=130 mm of the rectangular corundum substrate and the width b1=70 mm of the rectangular corundum substrate.
The distance between the long right-angle broken line type wire film and the short right-angle broken line type wire film along the length direction is L3= 0.57L1; and the distance B3= 0.23B1 between the long side of the carbonized rice hull film and the long side of the rectangular corundum substrate.
The carbonized rice hull-based photovoltaic power generation device prepared in the embodiment is detected: and under the conditions that the humidity is 45% and the temperature is 15 ℃, the carbonized rice hull-based photovoltaic power generation device is vertically placed in deionized water, the deionized water level is Yu Chang right-angle broken line type lead films, the generated open circuit voltage is 135-150 mV, the short circuit current is 9-12 nA, and the power generation time is longer than 24 hours.
Example 5
A photovoltaic power generation device based on carbonized rice hulls and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method of the embodiment is as follows:
firstly, carbonizing rice hulls for 2.5 hours under the condition of argon atmosphere and 600 ℃, and then ball-milling for 9 hours by using a ball mill to obtain carbonized rice hull powder.
Adding 1 part by mass of carbonized rice hull powder into 35 parts by mass of absolute ethyl alcohol, uniformly mixing, adding 2.2 parts by mass of terpineol, 1 part by mass of ethylcellulose and 0.3 part by mass of glass fiber filter paper fragments, stirring for 6 hours under the condition of 190r/min, and then drying for 2.5 hours at the temperature of 65 ℃ to obtain carbonized rice hull slurry.
Adding 1 part by mass of carbon nano tube into 38 parts by mass of absolute ethyl alcohol, uniformly mixing, adding 2.5 parts by mass of terpineol, 1.5 parts by mass of ethylcellulose and 0.22 part by mass of glass fiber filter paper fragments, stirring for 5h under the condition of 180r/min, and then drying for 2.5h at the temperature of 70 ℃ to obtain carbon nano tube slurry.
And fourthly, selecting a rectangular corundum substrate with length multiplied by width=L1 multiplied by B1, coating a long right-angle broken line type wire film on the position close to the bottom edge of the corundum substrate and the position close to the left edge of the corundum substrate by using carbon nano tube slurry, coating a short right-angle broken line type wire film on the position close to the top edge of the corundum substrate and the position close to the right edge of the corundum substrate by using carbon nano tube slurry, and then coating a rectangular carbonized rice hull film by using carbonized rice hull slurry, wherein the rectangular carbonized rice hull film covers 2 broken lines of the broken line type wire film along the width direction, and obtaining a green body of the carbonized rice hull-based photovoltaic power generation device.
The rectangular carbonized rice hull film has the length of x width=L2×B2=0.7L1× 0.5B1; the thickness of the rectangular carbonized rice hull film is 160 mu m.
And fifthly, naturally drying the green body of the photovoltaic power generation device based on the carbonized rice hulls for 1h, and placing the green body in a muffle furnace to anneal for 140min at 400 ℃ to obtain the photovoltaic power generation device based on the carbonized rice hulls.
The length l1=150mm of the rectangular corundum substrate, and the width b1=65mm of the rectangular corundum substrate.
The distance between the long right-angle broken line type wire film and the short right-angle broken line type wire film along the length direction is L3= 0.56L1; and the distance B3= 0.21B1 between the long side of the carbonized rice hull film and the long side of the rectangular corundum substrate.
The carbonized rice hull-based photovoltaic power generation device prepared in the embodiment is detected: and under the conditions that the humidity is 45% and the temperature is 15 ℃, the carbonized rice hull-based photovoltaic power generation device is vertically placed in deionized water, the deionized water level is Yu Chang, the right-angle broken line type lead film is high, the generated open circuit voltage is 120-145 mV, the short circuit current is 8-10 nA, and the power generation time is longer than 24 hours.
Example 6
A photovoltaic power generation device based on carbonized rice hulls and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method of the embodiment is as follows:
firstly, carbonizing rice hulls for 2 hours under the condition of argon atmosphere and 750 ℃, and then ball-milling for 9 hours by using a ball mill to obtain carbonized rice hull powder.
Adding 1 part by mass of carbonized rice hull powder into 36 parts by mass of absolute ethyl alcohol, uniformly mixing, adding 2.7 parts by mass of terpineol, 1.4 parts by mass of ethylcellulose and 0.2 part by mass of glass fiber filter paper fragments, stirring for 6 hours under the condition of 160r/min, and then drying for 2 hours at 68 ℃ to obtain carbonized rice hull slurry.
Adding 1 part by mass of carbon nano tube into 35 parts by mass of absolute ethyl alcohol, uniformly mixing, adding 3 parts by mass of terpineol, 1.7 parts by mass of ethyl cellulose and 0.28 part by mass of glass fiber filter paper fragments, stirring for 6h under the condition of 160r/min, and then drying for 2h at the temperature of 70 ℃ to obtain carbon nano tube slurry.
And fourthly, selecting a rectangular corundum substrate with length multiplied by width=L1 multiplied by B1, coating a long right-angle broken line type wire film on the position close to the bottom edge of the corundum substrate and the position close to the left edge of the corundum substrate by using carbon nano tube slurry, coating a short right-angle broken line type wire film on the position close to the top edge of the corundum substrate and the position close to the right edge of the corundum substrate by using carbon nano tube slurry, and then coating a rectangular carbonized rice hull film by using carbonized rice hull slurry, wherein the rectangular carbonized rice hull film covers 2 broken lines of the broken line type wire film along the width direction, and obtaining a green body of the carbonized rice hull-based photovoltaic power generation device.
The rectangular carbonized rice hull film has the length of x width=L2×B2=0.7L1× 0.45B1; the thickness of the rectangular carbonized rice hull film is 180 mu m.
And fifthly, naturally drying the green body of the photovoltaic power generation device based on the carbonized rice hulls for 1.5 hours, and placing the green body in a muffle furnace to anneal for 130 minutes at 370 ℃ to obtain the photovoltaic power generation device based on the carbonized rice hulls.
The length l1=140 mm of the rectangular corundum substrate and the width b1=50 mm of the rectangular corundum substrate.
The distance between the long right-angle broken line type wire film and the short right-angle broken line type wire film along the length direction is L3= 0.58L1; and the distance B3= 0.24B1 between the long side of the carbonized rice hull film and the long side of the rectangular corundum substrate.
The carbonized rice hull-based photovoltaic power generation device prepared in the embodiment is detected: and under the conditions that the humidity is 45% and the temperature is 15 ℃, the carbonized rice hull-based photovoltaic power generation device is vertically placed in deionized water, the deionized water level is Yu Chang, the right-angle broken line type lead film is high, the generated open circuit voltage is 100-110 mV, the short circuit current is 11-14 nA, and the power generation time is longer than 24 hours.
Compared with the prior art, the specific embodiment has the following advantages:
(1) The main raw materials adopted in the specific embodiment are carbonized rice hulls, terpineol, glass fiber filter paper fragments and ethylcellulose, the carbonized rice hulls are biomass morph-genetic carbon materials, the carbonized rice hulls are easy to obtain and low in cost, the carbonized rice hull slurry and the carbon nanotube slurry adopted in the preparation process are obtained by respectively adopting a small amount of carbonized rice hull powder and carbon nanotubes and stirring and drying, and the process is simple. The prepared carbonized rice hull slurry and carbon nano tube slurry are respectively coated, and the carbonized rice hull-based photovoltaic power generation device is prepared by annealing the carbonized rice hull-based photovoltaic power generation device in a muffle furnace at 350-400 ℃ without a complex film forming process, so that the prepared carbonized rice hull-based photovoltaic power generation device is low in cost and simple in process.
(2) The main raw material adopted by the specific embodiment is carbonized rice husk, is an extremely common biomass morph-genetic material, has a natural nano-pore structure, and can effectively improve the water-borne performance of the device. And a large number of micron-sized pore channels can be formed through particle accumulation, so that water generates an electric double layer overlapping effect when flowing through the pore channels, and potential difference is formed, thereby outputting voltage continuously.
(3) The carbonized rice hull-based photovoltaic power generation device prepared in the specific embodiment is shown in the attached drawing, and fig. 1 is a process for preparing the carbonized rice hull-based photovoltaic power generation device prepared in the example; FIG. 2 is a plan view of the rice hull-based charred photovoltaic power plant of FIG. 1; FIG. 3 is an SEM photograph of the charred rice hull based photovoltaic power plant of FIG. 1; FIG. 4 is an open circuit voltage versus time plot for the rice hull-based photovoltaic power generation device of FIG. 1; fig. 5 is a graph of short-circuit current versus time for the carbonized rice hull-based photovoltaic power plant of fig. 1. As can be seen from fig. 1, two right-angle fold line type wire films are coated on the corundum substrate shown in fig. 1a by using carbon nanotube slurry, and then a rectangular carbonized rice hull film is coated on the basis of fig. 1a by using carbonized rice hull slurry to prepare a green body of the carbonized rice hull. As can be seen from the plan view of FIG. 2, the centroid of the rectangular carbonized rice husk film coincides with the centroid of the rectangular corundum substrate, and the extending ends of the two wire films are in the same direction, so that the wire films are convenient to connect with external loads. As can be seen from fig. 3, the carbonized rice hull powder and the glass fiber form a plurality of micro-scale pore channels; as can be seen from fig. 4, the voltage output of the prepared carbonized rice hull-based film is stable and continuous; as can be seen from fig. 5, the current output of the prepared carbonized rice hull based film is stable and continuous. The interaction mode of the carbonized rice hull-based water-based photovoltaic power generation device prepared in the specific embodiment and water is sustainable capillary action caused by the evaporation induction action of the water. Therefore, the device has the characteristic of sustainable power generation, and the electric energy output is stable.
The carbonization rice hull-based photovoltaic power generation device prepared by the specific embodiment is detected: the open circuit voltage is 100-150 mV, the short circuit current is 8-14 nA, and the voltage output is maintained for more than 24-48 h. Thus, the prepared carbonized rice hull-based photovoltaic power generation device has stable electric energy output
The specific implementation mode has the characteristics of low cost and simple process flow, and the prepared carbonization rice hull-based photovoltaic power generation device can continuously generate power and has stable electric energy output.
Claims (6)
1. The preparation method of the photovoltaic power generation device based on the carbonized rice hulls is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
Firstly, carbonizing rice hulls for 2-3 hours under the argon atmosphere and at the temperature of 600-800 ℃, and then ball-milling for 5-9 hours by using a ball mill to obtain carbonized rice hull powder;
adding 1 part by mass of carbonized rice hull powder into 35-40 parts by mass of absolute ethyl alcohol, uniformly mixing, adding 2-3 parts by mass of terpineol, 1-2 parts by mass of ethyl cellulose and 0.2-0.4 part by mass of glass fiber filter paper fragments, stirring for 5-6 hours under the condition of 150-200 r/min, and then drying for 2-3 hours under the condition of 60-70 ℃ to obtain carbonized rice hull slurry;
Adding 1 part by mass of carbon nano tube into 35-40 parts by mass of absolute ethyl alcohol, uniformly mixing, adding 2-3 parts by mass of terpineol, 1-2 parts by mass of ethyl cellulose and 0.2-0.4 part by mass of glass fiber filter paper fragments, stirring for 5-6 h under the condition of 150-200 r/min, and then drying for 2-3 h under the condition of 60-70 ℃ to obtain carbon nano tube slurry;
selecting a rectangular corundum substrate with length multiplied by width multiplied by L1 multiplied by B1, coating a long right-angle broken line type wire film on the position close to the bottom edge of the corundum substrate and the position close to the left edge of the corundum substrate by using carbon nano tube slurry, and coating a short right-angle broken line type wire film on the position close to the top edge of the corundum substrate and the position close to the right edge of the corundum substrate by using the carbon nano tube slurry; then coating a rectangular carbonized rice hull film with carbonized rice hull slurry, wherein the rectangular carbonized rice hull film covers the folding lines of 2 fold line type wire films along the width direction to obtain a green body of the carbonized rice hull photovoltaic power generation device;
The length of the rectangular carbonized rice hull film is multiplied by the width=L2×B2= (0.7-0.8) L1× (0.45-0.55) B1; the thickness of the rectangular carbonized rice hull film is 150-200 mu m;
and fifthly, naturally drying the green body of the carbonized rice husk-based photovoltaic power generation device for 0.5 to 1.5 hours, and placing the green body in a muffle furnace to anneal for 120 to 150 minutes at the temperature of 350 to 400 ℃ to obtain the carbonized rice husk-based photovoltaic power generation device.
2. The method for preparing a carbonized rice hull based photovoltaic power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the carbonized rice hull powder has a particle size of 2-5 μm.
3. The method for preparing a carbonized rice hull based photovoltaic power generation device according to claim 1, wherein the area of the sheared glass fiber filter paper is 1-10 mm 2.
4. The method for preparing the carbonized rice hull based photovoltaic power generation device according to claim 1, wherein the length l1=100-150 mm of the rectangular corundum substrate and the width b1=50-70 mm of the rectangular corundum substrate.
5. The method for preparing the carbonized rice hull based photovoltaic power generation device according to claim 1, wherein the distance l3= (0.55-0.6) L1 between the long right-angle broken line type wire film and the short right-angle broken line type wire film along the length direction; and the distance B3= (0.2-0.25) B1 between the long side of the carbonized rice hull film and the long side of the rectangular corundum substrate.
6. A carbonized rice hull based photovoltaic power plant characterized in that it is prepared according to the preparation method of a carbonized rice hull based photovoltaic power plant according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
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