CN115452573B - Method for determining optimal pressure range of compression casting common or solid waste concrete - Google Patents
Method for determining optimal pressure range of compression casting common or solid waste concrete Download PDFInfo
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- CN115452573B CN115452573B CN202211121143.9A CN202211121143A CN115452573B CN 115452573 B CN115452573 B CN 115452573B CN 202211121143 A CN202211121143 A CN 202211121143A CN 115452573 B CN115452573 B CN 115452573B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0676—Force, weight, load, energy, speed or acceleration
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for determining the optimal pressure range of ordinary or solid waste concrete in compression casting, which is applied to a compression casting device and is simple to operate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of civil engineering materials, in particular to a method for determining an optimal pressure range of ordinary or solid waste concrete by compression casting.
Background
On the one hand, natural sand and stone in concrete are non-renewable materials (in a short period), and the unconditioned exploitation can lead to resource shortage and cause irreversible damage to the ecological environment. On the other hand, the demolition of old and old buildings with a large scale generates a huge amount of construction waste accounting for 30% -40% of the total amount of urban waste, so in order to promote the carbon emission reduction and sustainable development of the construction industry, the research and the utilization of concrete with solid waste base (the concrete aggregate is produced by taking the solid waste generated by demolition of the existing buildings) are urgently required. The low utilization rate of the solid waste-based concrete is mainly caused by the performance defect of the solid waste-based concrete and the limitation of the modification technology and the modification effect. However, in order to improve the utilization ratio, it is necessary to solve the problem of reinforcing the solid waste-based aggregate or the solid waste-based concrete.
In the existing design scheme for modifying the solid waste-based concrete, natural defects of the solid waste-based aggregate include: the defects of high crushing index, high porosity, small density, poor binding capacity and weak interface transition zone cause the solid waste-based concrete to have the disadvantages of low strength, easiness in cracking, poor durability and the like compared with the common concrete, and become the biggest obstruction of application. Taking the most widely-sourced recycled concrete aggregate as an example, various methods exist for improving the performance of the recycled concrete, including a method for reducing the porosity of the solid waste base aggregate (an accelerated carbonization method, a nanotechnology treatment method and a microorganism-produced calcium carbonate deposition method), a method for reducing the thickness of the recycled aggregate old mortar (an acid foam treatment method and a mechanical grinding method) and a mixed use method of the various technologies. These approaches have achieved some success in improving the performance of recycled aggregate or recycled concrete, but have significant drawbacks in performance improvement, economy, and large-scale application. For example, recycled aggregate after carbonization does have better physical properties than virgin recycled aggregate, but the treatment period is too long and the requirements for treatment facilities are also high. For another example, acid treatment, which is the most commonly used method for reducing or removing the old mortar layer because the alkaline mortar is soluble in acid, may generate harmful ions such as chloride ions (which promote corrosion of reinforcing bars) from the chemically treated recycled aggregate, and generates an acidic solution which is not friendly to the environment after the acid treatment of the recycled aggregate, making the treatment process more complicated. The nano-technology treatment method and the microbial calcium carbonate deposition method can fill pores and cracks, but the excessive time and economic cost and the unsatisfactory improvement effect of the nano-technology treatment method and the microbial calcium carbonate deposition method still cannot meet the purposes of large-scale treatment and application of the recycled aggregate.
Accordingly, the prior art is still in need of improvement and development.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a method for determining the optimal pressure range of compression casting ordinary or solid waste concrete, which aims at solving the technical problem of how to improve the performance of solid waste-based concrete.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for determining an optimal pressure range for compression casting of ordinary or solid waste concrete, wherein the method is applied to a compression casting device, the compression casting device comprises a mold structure and a pressurizing structure arranged opposite to the mold structure, the mold structure is used for containing concrete, and the pressurizing structure is used for applying pressure to the interior of the mold structure;
the determining method comprises the following steps:
determining strength information and pressurizing information corresponding to the concrete; the pressurization information includes a pressurization amount and a pressurization time;
determining a first pressurizing amount corresponding to concrete according to the pressurizing information, pouring the concrete into the mould structure according to the first pressurizing amount and the pressurizing time, and controlling the pressurizing structure to pressurize the concrete to obtain a first compressive strength corresponding to the concrete;
Determining a second pressurizing amount corresponding to the concrete according to the pressurizing amount and the first pressurizing amount, pouring the concrete into the mould structure according to the second pressurizing amount, the pressurizing time and the strength information, and controlling the pressurizing structure to pressurize the concrete to obtain a second compressive strength corresponding to the concrete;
and determining a pressure range corresponding to the concrete according to the first compressive strength, the second compressive strength, the first pressurizing amount and the second pressurizing amount.
In one embodiment, the intensity information includes a preset intensity; the pressurization information further includes an initial pressurization amount; determining a first pressurizing amount corresponding to concrete according to the pressurizing amount, pouring the concrete into the mold structure according to the first pressurizing amount, the pressurizing time and the strength information, controlling the pressurizing structure to pressurize the concrete to obtain a first compressive strength corresponding to the concrete, and comprising the following steps:
determining a first test pressurizing amount corresponding to concrete according to the initial pressurizing amount and the pressurizing amount, pouring the concrete into the mould structure according to the first test pressurizing amount, and controlling the pressurizing structure to pressurize the concrete to obtain a first test compressive strength corresponding to the concrete;
And if the first test compressive strength is above the preset strength, determining that the first test compressive strength is the first compressive strength, and the first test compression amount is the first compression amount.
In one embodiment, the determining method further comprises:
if the initial compressive strength is smaller than the preset strength, updating the initial compression amount, taking the first test compression amount as the initial compression amount, continuously executing the step of determining a first test compression amount corresponding to concrete according to the initial compression amount and the compression amount, pouring the concrete into the mould structure according to the first test compression amount, controlling the compression structure to compress the concrete to obtain a first test compressive strength corresponding to the concrete until the first test compressive strength is above the preset strength, and determining that the first test compressive strength is the first compressive strength and the first test compression amount is the first compression amount.
In one embodiment, the determining the second pressurizing amount corresponding to the concrete according to the pressurizing amount and the first pressurizing amount, pouring the concrete into the mold structure according to the second pressurizing amount and the pressurizing time, and controlling the pressurizing structure to pressurize the concrete to obtain the second compressive strength corresponding to the concrete includes:
Determining a second test pressurizing amount corresponding to the concrete according to the pressurizing amount and the first pressurizing amount, pouring the concrete into the mould structure according to the second test pressurizing amount, and controlling the pressurizing structure to pressurize the concrete to obtain a second test compressive strength corresponding to the concrete;
if the second test compressive strength is greater than the first compressive strength, determining a third test compressive strength corresponding to the concrete according to the pressurizing amount and the second test pressurizing amount, pouring the concrete into the mold structure according to the third test pressurizing amount, and controlling the pressurizing structure to pressurize the concrete to obtain the third test compressive strength corresponding to the concrete;
and if the third test compressive strength is smaller than the second test compressive strength, determining that the second test compressive strength is the second compressive strength, and determining that the second test compression amount is the second compression amount.
In one embodiment, after the step of determining the second test compression amount corresponding to the concrete according to the pressurization amount and the first compression amount, pouring the concrete into the mold structure according to the second test compression amount, controlling the compression structure to compress the concrete to obtain the second test compression strength corresponding to the concrete, the method further includes:
If the second test compressive strength is smaller than or equal to the first compressive strength, the pressurizing amount is adjusted to obtain a first adjusting pressurizing amount corresponding to the concrete; wherein the first adjusted boost amount is less than the boost amount;
updating the first pressurizing amount, taking the first adjusting pressurizing amount as the pressurizing amount, continuously executing the step of determining a second test pressurizing amount corresponding to the concrete according to the pressurizing amount and the first pressurizing amount, pouring the concrete into the mould structure according to the second test pressurizing amount, and controlling the pressurizing structure to pressurize the concrete to obtain a second test compressive strength corresponding to the concrete until the second test compressive strength is larger than the first compressive strength.
In one embodiment, the determining method further comprises:
if the second test compressive strength is smaller than the first compressive strength, adjusting the pressurizing amount to obtain a second adjusting pressurizing amount corresponding to the concrete; wherein the second adjusted boost amount is less than the boost amount;
updating the second pressurizing amount, taking the second adjusting pressurizing amount as the pressurizing amount, continuously executing the first test pressurizing amount corresponding to the concrete according to the initial pressurizing amount and the pressurizing amount, pouring the concrete into the mould structure according to the first test pressurizing amount, controlling the pressurizing structure to pressurize the concrete to obtain a first test compressive strength corresponding to the concrete until the first test compressive strength is above the preset strength and the first test compressive strength is smaller than the first compressive strength, updating the first compressive strength and the first pressurizing amount, taking the updated first test compressive strength as the first compressive strength, and taking the updated first test pressurizing amount as the first pressurizing amount.
In one embodiment, the concrete pouring device further includes:
the die structure and the pressurizing structure are arranged on the connecting structure;
the sensor structure is arranged on the connecting structure, is connected to the bottom of the die structure and is used for detecting the pressure applied by the pressurizing structure;
the determining the corresponding pressure range of the concrete according to the first compressive strength, the second compressive strength, the first pressurizing amount and the second pressurizing amount comprises the following steps:
controlling the sensor structure to determine a first current stress corresponding to the first compressive strength and a second current stress corresponding to the second compressive strength;
verifying the first pressurization amount according to the first current stress;
verifying the second amount of pressurization based on the second current stress;
and if the first pressurizing amount and the second pressurizing amount meet preset requirements, determining a pressure range corresponding to the concrete according to the first pressurizing amount and the second pressurizing amount.
In one embodiment, the controlling the sensor structure to determine a first current stress corresponding to the first compressive strength and a second current stress corresponding to the second compressive strength includes:
According to the first compressive strength, the first pressurizing amount, the second compressive strength and the second pressurizing amount, and controlling the sensor structure to obtain a relation curve between the compressive strength and the pre-pressurizing stress corresponding to the concrete;
and determining a first current stress corresponding to the first compressive strength and a second current stress corresponding to the second compressive strength according to the relation curve.
In one embodiment, the determining the strength information and the pressurization information corresponding to the concrete includes:
determining the mixing ratio parameters of coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, cement and water and the performance parameters of the coarse aggregate;
and preparing concrete according to the mixing ratio parameters and the performance parameters, obtaining initial strength corresponding to the concrete, and determining preset strength corresponding to the concrete according to the initial strength.
In one embodiment, the connection structure comprises:
the die structure is detachably connected with the lower bottom plate
A plurality of high-strength screws arranged on the lower bottom plate,
the top plate is connected with the high-strength screw rod;
the pressing structure includes:
the high-pressure jack is arranged on the top plate;
the compression bar is connected to the tail end of the high-pressure jack;
The pressure head is arranged at the tail end of the pressure rod;
wherein, the axis of depression bar with the central line coincidence of mould structure.
The beneficial effects are that: the invention provides a method for determining the optimal pressure range of ordinary or solid waste concrete in compression pouring, which is applied to a compression pouring device and is simple to operate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method for determining the optimal pressure range of compression casting ordinary or solid waste concrete according to the invention.
Fig. 2 is a detailed flow chart of the method for determining the optimal pressure range of the compression casting ordinary or solid waste concrete.
Fig. 3 is a perspective view showing a construction of the compression casting apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of compressive casting pre-stressing stress versus concrete strength in accordance with the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a flow chart of the preparation of the compression cast concrete of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a graphical representation of compressive strength as a function of poured pre-compression stress in accordance with the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1. a nut; 2. a top plate; 3. a high-strength screw; 4. a cylindrical mold; 5. a force sensor meter display; 6. a force sensor; 7. a support; 8. a high pressure jack; 9. a flange; 10. a compression bar; 11. a circular pressure head; 12. a backing plate; 13. a high-strength bolt; 14. a lower base plate; 15. a gasket.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a method for determining the optimal pressure range of compression casting common or solid waste concrete, which is used for making the purposes, technical schemes and effects of the invention clearer and more definite, and is further described in detail below. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "mounted" or "disposed" on another element, it can be directly on the other element or be indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or be indirectly connected to the other element.
It should also be noted that in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, the same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar components; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that, if there is an azimuth or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc., based on the azimuth or positional relationship shown in the drawings, it is only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but it is not indicated or implied that the apparatus or element referred to must have a specific azimuth, be constructed and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus, terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are merely for exemplary illustration and are not to be construed as limitations of the present patent, and specific meanings of the terms described above may be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific circumstances.
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a method for determining an optimal pressure range of compression casting ordinary or solid waste concrete, and the compression casting concrete technology adopted by the present invention is a physical modified concrete technology, and is suitable for improving mechanical properties, reducing porosity and improving durability of various solid waste concrete (including ordinary concrete), as shown in fig. 1 or fig. 3, the determination method is applied to a compression casting device, and the compression casting device comprises a mold structure and a pressurizing structure arranged opposite to the mold structure, wherein the mold structure is used for containing concrete, and the pressurizing structure is used for applying pressure to the interior of the mold structure.
It should be noted that the mold structure may be configured in different shapes, and the mold structure of the present invention is a cylindrical mold 4 (i.e., a cylinder), but not limited thereto, and may be configured as a prism or cube to obtain concrete blocks, beams, plates, and columns correspondingly.
In one implementation, as shown in fig. 3, the concrete pouring device further includes:
the die structure and the pressurizing structure are arranged on the connecting structure;
the sensor structure is arranged on the connecting structure, is connected to the bottom of the die structure and is used for detecting the pressure applied by the pressurizing structure.
Specifically, the connection structure includes:
a lower base plate 14, the mold structure is detachably connected with the lower base plate 14
A plurality of high-strength screws 3 provided on the lower plate 14,
a top plate 2 connected with the high-strength screw 3;
the pressing structure includes:
a high-pressure jack 8 provided on the top plate 2;
the compression bar 10 is connected to the tail end of the high-pressure jack 8;
the pressing head 11 (i.e. a circular pressing head) is arranged at the tail end of the pressing rod 10;
wherein the axis of the compression bar 11 coincides with the center line of the die structure.
It should be noted that, the shape of the pressing head 11 corresponds to the shape of the mold structure, and as in the present embodiment, a cylindrical mold 4 is used, and a circular pressing head 11 is used as the corresponding pressing head; the high-strength screw 3 of the present embodiment is provided with 4, but not limited thereto, and may be provided with 6 or 8.
Further, as shown in fig. 3, four supports 7 are provided at the lower end edge of the lower base plate 14, the lower base plate is parallel to and opposite to the top plate 2, four high strength screws 3 are connected to the top plate 2 through nuts 1, connecting holes are provided on the top plate 2 for connecting the high pressure jacks 8, the telescopic ends of the high pressure jacks 8 face downward, that is, the telescopic ends of the high pressure jacks 8 are connected with the press rods 10 through flanges 9, the lower ends of the press rods 10 are connected with round press heads 11, the diameters of the round press heads 11 correspond to the diameters of the cylinder molds 4, so that the telescopic ends of the press rods 8 extend, the round press heads 11 are driven by the press rods 10 to penetrate into the cylinder molds 4, so that concrete in the cylinder molds 4 is pressurized, a sensor structure (i.e., a sensor 6) is provided at the bottom of the cylinder molds 4, a sensor meter display 5 connected with the sensor 6 is provided at the upper ends of the lower base plate, so that readings (including reading change data) of the sensor 6 are displayed, and a backing plate 12 is further provided on the cylinder molds 4, and the backing plate 12 is connected to the lower base plate 14 so that the cylinder molds 4 are used for supporting the cylinder molds 4.
It should be noted that, the high-pressure jack may apply the pre-compression stress to the set value by using the electric control device, so as to apply the pressure of the fixed compression amount (i.e. the pre-compression stress) to the concrete in the mold structure.
The working principle of the concrete pouring device is as follows:
the concrete pouring device applies pressure to the newly poured concrete in a stress self-balancing and physical pressurizing mode, the high-pressure jack 8 is fixed on the upper part of the steel die structure, and the 4 high-strength screws 3 are connected with a lower bottom plate on the lower part of the steel die structure. In the actual working process, the piston rod of the high-pressure jack is downwards lengthened to be in direct contact with concrete, pressure is applied, the pressure is transferred to the die structure after the concrete is pressed, the pressure is transferred to the lower bottom plate through the base plate, the high-pressure jack on the upper part of the die structure is connected with the lower bottom plate supporting the die structure after the high-strength screw rod is pulled, and the support is provided for the work of the piston rod of the high-pressure jack, so that a set of stress self-balancing pressurizing device is formed.
The determination method of the invention determines the range of the minimum and the maximum pre-pressurizing stress by optimally adjusting the magnitude of the applied pre-pressurizing stress, thereby simplifying compression pouring equipment and reducing the cost while meeting the requirements of improving the mechanical and durability indexes (at least not lower than the common pouring conventional aggregate concrete under the same condition) of the solid waste base concrete.
The optimal pressure range determining method is used for determining the minimum and maximum pre-pressurizing strength ranges by comparing the strength and pre-pressurizing strength information of adjacent compression pouring concrete twice through repeated cyclic compression pouring experiments, so that the strength of the compression pouring concrete is higher than the design strength and the concrete is not softened, and the method is suitable for optimizing the compression pouring process of any common or solid waste concrete, and achieves the effects of optimizing the compression pouring process and reducing the economic cost while improving the mechanical property of the concrete.
The method for determining the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
and step S100, determining strength information and pressurizing information corresponding to the concrete.
Specifically, the intensity information includes a preset intensity and an initial intensity; the pressurization information includes an initial pressurization amount, a pressurization amount, and a pressurization time.
As shown in fig. 5, the step S100 specifically includes:
step S110, determining the mixing ratio parameters of coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, cement and water and the performance parameters of the coarse aggregate; wherein, the performance parameters of the coarse aggregate comprise apparent density, water absorption and compression index.
And step 120, preparing concrete according to the mixing ratio parameters and the performance parameters, obtaining initial strength corresponding to the concrete, and determining preset strength corresponding to the concrete according to the initial strength.
Specifically, according to the concrete physical and mechanical property test method standard GB/T50081-2019, the construction pebble and crushed stone GB/T14685-2011, the construction sand GB/T14684-2011 and the DGTJ 08-2018-2007-recycled concrete application technical specifications, natural/solid waste coarse and fine aggregates required by solid waste concrete are selected and prepared, and concrete mixing proportion is determined, and concrete is stirred.
As shown in table 1 and table 2, the coarse aggregate and the fine aggregate of the performance parameters are poured into a double-shaft mixer according to the mixing ratio in turn to be mixed for 2-3 minutes, the cement with the mixing ratio is continuously poured into the mixer to be mixed for 2-3 minutes, and then the water with the mixing ratio is poured into the mixer to be mixed for 2-3 minutes, so that the concrete is obtained.
The invention designs C30 (the cylinder strength is 30MPa respectively) concrete, coarse aggregate and fine aggregate with certain aggregate grading are selected, and physical and mechanical performance indexes (table 1) of the coarse aggregate are tested, so that the concrete is matched.
The initial strength of the obtained concrete is obtained by detecting the concrete through a press after curing for 28 days; and determining the preset strength reached by the concrete after the pressure is required to be applied according to the initial strength, wherein the preset strength is the strength of the concrete meeting the building requirement. As shown in FIG. 4, f co Compressive strength, f, of unpressurized plain casting concrete ct To design the lowest concrete strength.
And step S130, determining initial pressurizing quantity, pressurizing quantity and pressurizing time of the concrete according to the preset strength and the initial strength.
Specifically, after the preset strength is set, the pressurization amount (Δp) of the concrete is roughly set according to the preset strength and the initial strength, and the pressurization time (for example, 2-10 min) corresponding to each pressurization amount needs to be paid attention, in this embodiment, the initial pressurization amount is zero, but the method is not limited thereto, and the specific setting is modified according to actual requirements.
TABLE 1 coarse aggregate Performance parameters
TABLE 2 mixing proportion of ordinary concrete
After obtaining the concrete, the method comprises the following steps:
and step 200, determining a first pressurizing amount corresponding to the concrete according to the pressurizing information, pouring the concrete into the mould structure according to the first pressurizing amount and the pressurizing time, and controlling the pressurizing structure to pressurize the concrete to obtain a first compressive strength corresponding to the concrete.
In one implementation mode, fresh concrete is added into a circular mould and properly vibrated, after the mould is centered with a jack, an electric control device can be adopted to apply pre-compression stress to a set value, after the pre-compression stress is maintained for 2-10 minutes (depending on the type of concrete), the mould can be immediately unloaded and removed, and finally, the test piece is subjected to conventional maintenance.
The step S200 specifically includes:
and S210, determining a first test pressurizing amount corresponding to the concrete according to the initial pressurizing amount and the pressurizing amount, pouring the concrete into the mould structure according to the first test pressurizing amount, and controlling the pressurizing structure to pressurize the concrete to obtain a first test compressive strength corresponding to the concrete.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, fresh solid waste-based concrete (which may be any concrete including ordinary concrete) is added to a cylindrical mold (the mold is made according to the actual member shape and size requirements). Further, pouring the well-stirred concrete into a mould structure (namely a cylinder mould), vibrating by using an inserted vibrating rod, continuously inserting and vibrating for a plurality of times, and centering and leveling the cylinder mould filled with the concrete and a loading device. It should be noted that, when concrete is added and pressing operation is performed, the concrete pouring device is required to be installed, and centering and leveling are performed, so that stability and accuracy of pressing pre-pressing stress are ensured.
It should be noted that, the volume of the concrete to be added is adapted to the volume of the cylinder mold so that the volume of the cylinder mold after pressurization is the same as the volume of the concrete after pressurization, and in this embodiment, the cylinder mold specification (diameter X height) is 150mmX300mm, so that when concrete is actually added, the pre-added concrete height may be higher than 300mm, for example, concrete with a height of 320mm is added, so that the height after pressurization is reduced to 300mm, and the specific configuration is modified according to the actual requirement, and is not specifically limited herein.
In one implementation, the pressurization amount and the pressurization time are fixed values, and it is noted that the pressurization amount is in the range of 1-5 MPa (i.e., the incremental step Δp=1-5 MPa), and the pressurization time is in the range of 2-10 minutes; setting the initial pressurization amount (initial pre-compression stress) to P when the initial step i=0 i =0 (i.e. P 0 ＝0)。
Specifically, the pressurizing amount was set to 5MPa and the pressurizing time was set to 5min.
Further, the pressurizing amount was 5MPa, and the initial pressurizing amount was doubled, that is, 5MPa (P 1 =5 MPa), thereby setting the pre-pressurizing stress (first test pressurizing amount) of the high-pressure jack to 5MPa, and pressurizing the concrete in the cylinder mold by the high-pressure jack, and at the same time, detecting the current stress (first test current stress) in real time by the force sensor, thereby checking the current stress and the first test pressurizing amount by the first test, and ensuring the accuracy of the pressurizing amount. That is, the pressure is immediately applied to the set compressive stress P by the high-pressure jack i Compacting the concrete, immediately removing the mould after maintaining the compression amount and pressurizing for 28 days, and testing the first test compressive strength (compressive strength value) by a press machine after standard maintenance, and marking as f 1 As shown in fig. 4.
Step S220, if the first test compressive strength is above the preset strength, determining that the first test compressive strength is the first compressive strength, and the first test compression amount is the first compression amount.
In particular, if the first test compressive strength f 1 At the preset intensity f ct Above, the first test compressive strength is determined to be the first compressive strength f l ，f l Is greater than and closest to f ct And the first test pressurizing amount is a first pressurizing amount P l Pressure P corresponding to l l Is the first amount of pressurization (i.e., the minimum pre-compression stress).
The step S200 further includes:
and step S230, if the initial compressive strength is smaller than the preset strength, updating the initial compression amount, taking the first test compression amount as the initial compression amount, continuously executing the first test compression amount corresponding to the concrete according to the initial compression amount and the compression amount, pouring the concrete into the mould structure according to the first test compression amount, controlling the compression structure to compress the concrete to obtain the first test compressive strength corresponding to the concrete, and determining the first test compressive strength to be the first compressive strength until the first test compressive strength is above the preset strength, wherein the first test compressive strength is the first compression amount.
Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4, if the first test compressive strength f 1 Less than a preset intensity f ct The next increment step of applying pressure is carried out, namely the steps are adopted, but the prestress is increased by one pressurizing amount (5 MPa) compared with the last prestress, the compressive strength of the concrete obtained after 28 days of curing is continuously judged with the preset strength until the compressive strength of the concrete is just greater than the preset strength after one increment step is carried out, so that the compressive strength of the concrete is taken as the first compressive strength f l The pressurizing amount after the incremental step is the first pressurizing amount P l 。
After determining the first compressive strength (minimum concrete strength) and the first amount of pressurization (minimum pre-compression stress), the method further comprises the steps of:
and step S300, determining a second pressurizing amount corresponding to the concrete according to the pressurizing amount and the first pressurizing amount, pouring the concrete into the mould structure according to the second pressurizing amount, the pressurizing time and the strength information, and controlling the pressurizing structure to pressurize the concrete to obtain a second compressive strength corresponding to the concrete.
The step S300 specifically includes:
and step S310, determining a second test pressurizing amount corresponding to the concrete according to the pressurizing amount and the first pressurizing amount, pouring the concrete into the mould structure according to the second test pressurizing amount, and controlling the pressurizing structure to pressurize the concrete to obtain a second test compressive strength corresponding to the concrete.
Specifically, the first pressurizing amount and the pressurizing amount (at least one) are added (or subtracted, in which case the first pressurizing amount needs to be updated) to be the second test pressurizing amount, and the step is adopted to enable the high-pressure jack to apply pressure to the concrete with the second test pressurizing amount, and the second test compressive strength is obtained after demolding and curing for 28 days. That is, as shown in FIG. 2, the second test compressive strength is f i-1 。
And step 320, if the second test compressive strength is greater than the first compressive strength, determining a third test compressive strength corresponding to the concrete according to the pressurization amount and the second test compressive strength, pouring the concrete into the mold structure according to the third test compressive strength, and controlling the compression structure to compress the concrete to obtain the third test compressive strength corresponding to the concrete.
Specifically, the second test pressurizing amount and one pressurizing amount are added to the third test pressurizing amount, and the steps are adopted to enable the high-pressure jack to press the concrete by the third test pressurizing amount, and the third test compressive strength is obtained after demolding and curing for 28 days. That is, as shown in FIG. 2, the third test compressive strength is f i 。
And step S330, if the third test compressive strength is smaller than the second test compressive strength, determining that the second test compressive strength is the second compressive strength, and the second test compression amount is the second compression amount.
In particular, if f i ＜f i-1 As shown in fig. 4, the second test pressurizing amount is determined to be the second pressurizing amount (i.e., the maximumPre-compression stress P m ) The second test compressive strength is the second compressive strength (i.e., the highest concrete strength f m Degree, intensity value at the highest point of the curve). f (f) m The intensity value of the highest point of the curve corresponds to the pressures P of l and m l And P m The first amount of pressurization (i.e., the minimum pre-stress) and the second amount of pressurization (i.e., the maximum pre-stress), respectively.
That is, as shown in FIG. 4, when f i ≥f i-1 Continuing to perform the incremental step to obtain the comparison judgment of the concrete strength and the preset strength, namely continuing to perform the steps S310, S320 and S330, when f i <f i-1 Step S400 is performed.
As shown in fig. 6, compressive casting treatment was performed by increasing the casting pre-compression stress by 0,5, 15, 25 MPa. And (3) carrying out compressive strength test on the concrete test piece after curing for 28 days, evaluating the relation between the pouring pre-compression stress and the compressive strength of the concrete, and finally obtaining the minimum and maximum pouring pre-compression stress.
In the range of minimum and maximum pre-compression stress, the macroscopic mechanical property (compressive strength and the like), microstructure (porosity, interface transition area and the like) and durability of the compression pouring solid waste concrete are greatly improved, and the effect of reducing cost is achieved on the premise of ensuring and improving the performance of the concrete.
The method further comprises the steps of:
step S341, if the second test compressive strength is smaller than or equal to the first compressive strength, adjusting the pressurizing amount to obtain a first adjusting pressurizing amount corresponding to the concrete; wherein the first adjusted boost amount is less than the boost amount;
step S341, updating the first pressurization amount, using the first adjusted pressurization amount as the pressurization amount, continuously executing the step of determining a second test pressurization amount corresponding to the concrete according to the pressurization amount and the first pressurization amount, pouring the concrete into the mold structure according to the second test pressurization amount, and controlling the pressurization structure to pressurize the concrete to obtain a second test compressive strength corresponding to the concrete until the second test compressive strength is greater than the first compressive strength.
Specifically, when f i-1 ≤f l As shown in FIG. 4, the magnitude of the pre-compression stress corresponding to the previous incremental step is P m The method comprises reducing the amount of the pressurization to obtain a first adjusted pressurization (such as 2MPa and 3 MPa) to retest a second test pressurization obtained by adding the first pressurization and the first adjusted pressurization, thereby obtaining the strength of the concrete after corresponding adjustment until f i-1 ＞f l And f i ＜f i-1 Thereby obtaining accurate maximum concrete strength and corresponding maximum pre-pressurizing stress P m 。
The determination method further comprises the steps of:
step S351, if the second test compressive strength is smaller than the first compressive strength, adjusting the pressurizing amount to obtain a second adjusting pressurizing amount corresponding to the concrete; wherein the second adjusted boost amount is less than the boost amount;
and step S352, updating the second pressurizing amount, using the second adjusted pressurizing amount as the pressurizing amount, continuously executing the first test pressurizing amount corresponding to the concrete according to the initial pressurizing amount and the pressurizing amount, pouring the concrete into the mold structure according to the first test pressurizing amount, controlling the pressurizing structure to pressurize the concrete, and obtaining the first test compressive strength corresponding to the concrete until the first test compressive strength is above the preset strength and the first test compressive strength is smaller than the first compressive strength, updating the first compressive strength and the first pressurizing amount, using the updated first test compressive strength as the first compressive strength, and using the updated first test pressurizing amount as the first pressurizing amount.
Specifically, when f i-1 ＜f l As shown in FIG. 4, the previous incremental steps correspond to a pre-compression stress less than P l In this case, it is required that the first pressurizing amount is not closest to f ct So that the first pressurizing amount needs to be updated, i.e. increasedThe pressure is reduced to obtain a second adjusted pressurizing amount (such as 2MPa and 3 MPa), that is, step S200 is re-executed to retest the updated first pressurizing amount and the corresponding adjusted concrete strength so that the concrete strength is closest to f ct Then proceeds to step S300.
And step 400, determining a pressure range corresponding to the concrete according to the first compressive strength, the second compressive strength, the first pressurizing amount and the second pressurizing amount.
The step S400 specifically includes:
step S410, controlling the sensor structure to determine a first current stress corresponding to the first compressive strength and a second current stress corresponding to the second compressive strength.
The method specifically comprises the following steps:
and S411, controlling the sensor structure to obtain a relation curve between the compressive strength and the pre-pressurizing stress corresponding to the concrete according to the first compressive strength, the first pressurizing amount, the second compressive strength and the second pressurizing amount. Obtaining the strength f of the compression casting concrete i And P of the prestressing force i The relationship (i=0 to n) of (a) is shown in fig. 4.
Step S412, determining a first current stress corresponding to the first compressive strength and a second current stress corresponding to the second compressive strength according to the relationship curve. The first current stress and the second current stress are obtained through the force sensor.
Step S420, verifying the first pressurization amount according to the first current stress, and verifying the second pressurization amount according to the second current stress. When the data obtained by the force sensor is the same as the data of the pre-pressurizing stress (or within the error allowable range), the preset requirement is met.
Step S430, if the first pressurizing amount and the second pressurizing amount meet the preset requirements, determining a pressure range corresponding to the concrete according to the first pressurizing amount and the second pressurizing amount.
The corresponding pressure range of the concrete is as follows: between the first pressurizing amount and the second pressurizing amount (including the first pressurizing amount and the second pressurizing amount).
It should be noted that the present invention has the advantages over the prior art:
the invention is applicable to any mixing proportion of any solid waste base concrete, and can determine the pre-pressurizing stress range of which the mechanical property and durability are above the preset requirement (optimal);
Through the physical modification technology, no additive is needed, no concrete component is needed to be replaced, the concrete curing agent is applicable to solid waste aggregate or any other concrete, the conventional curing conditions are adopted, the equipment is simple, the energy consumption is low, the chemical pollution is avoided, and the cost is low;
the efficiency of improving the performance of the solid waste concrete is extremely high, usually 2-10 minutes, so that the time cost is greatly saved;
the mechanical properties of the solid waste concrete are greatly improved, the overall porosity of the solid waste concrete is reduced, the interface transition area of the solid waste base aggregate and the mortar aggregate is improved, the durability of the solid waste concrete is improved, and the three aspects of the surface mortar of the solid waste aggregate, the interface transition area and the concrete matrix can be simultaneously and greatly improved;
the cement consumption can be reduced (because the strength can be improved) under the same strength requirement;
the method is suitable for standardized, high-efficiency and large-scale production of prefabricated solid waste-based concrete members, including recycled concrete, rubber concrete, red brick aggregate concrete, any other concrete and the like, and has the advantages of strong applicability, simplicity in operation, unified flow and the like;
through measurement and calculation, compared with the prefabricated part manufactured by common concrete, the compression casting concrete technology can greatly reduce the cost.
The method further comprises the steps of:
step S500, repeating steps S200-S400 with the same concrete materials and formulations, i.e. performing 1-2 series of experiments, if P l And P m The result is the same as step S400, and the result is confirmed, otherwise steps S200-S500 are repeated until a repeatable result is obtained.
In summary, the invention provides a method for determining an optimal pressure range of compression casting common or solid waste concrete, which is applied to a compression casting device and is simple to operate.
It is to be understood that the invention is not limited in its application to the examples described above, but is capable of modification and variation in light of the above teachings by those skilled in the art, and that all such modifications and variations are intended to be included within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. The method is characterized by being applied to a compression pouring device, wherein the compression pouring device comprises a die structure and a pressurizing structure arranged opposite to the die structure, the die structure is used for containing concrete, and the pressurizing structure is used for applying pressure to the interior of the die structure;
The determining method comprises the following steps:
determining strength information and pressurizing information corresponding to the concrete; the pressurization information includes a pressurization amount and a pressurization time;
determining a first pressurizing amount corresponding to concrete according to the pressurizing information, pouring the concrete into the mould structure according to the first pressurizing amount and the pressurizing time, and controlling the pressurizing structure to pressurize the concrete to obtain a first compressive strength corresponding to the concrete;
determining a second pressurizing amount corresponding to the concrete according to the pressurizing amount and the first pressurizing amount, pouring the concrete into the mould structure according to the second pressurizing amount, the pressurizing time and the strength information, and controlling the pressurizing structure to pressurize the concrete to obtain a second compressive strength corresponding to the concrete;
determining a pressure range corresponding to the concrete according to the first compressive strength, the second compressive strength, the first pressurizing amount and the second pressurizing amount;
the intensity information comprises preset intensity; the pressurization information further includes an initial pressurization amount; determining a first pressurizing amount corresponding to concrete according to the pressurizing amount, pouring the concrete into the mold structure according to the first pressurizing amount, the pressurizing time and the strength information, controlling the pressurizing structure to pressurize the concrete to obtain a first compressive strength corresponding to the concrete, and comprising the following steps:
Determining a first test pressurizing amount corresponding to concrete according to the initial pressurizing amount and the pressurizing amount, pouring the concrete into the mould structure according to the first test pressurizing amount, and controlling the pressurizing structure to pressurize the concrete to obtain a first test compressive strength corresponding to the concrete;
and if the first test compressive strength is above the preset strength, determining that the first test compressive strength is the first compressive strength, and the first test compression amount is the first compression amount.
2. The method for determining the optimal pressure range for compression casting of ordinary or solid waste concrete according to claim 1, wherein the determining method further comprises:
if the first test compressive strength is smaller than the preset strength, updating the initial compression amount, taking the first test compression amount as the initial compression amount, continuously executing the first test compression amount corresponding to the concrete according to the initial compression amount and the compression amount, pouring the concrete into the mould structure according to the first test compression amount, controlling the compression structure to compress the concrete to obtain the first test compressive strength corresponding to the concrete, and determining the first test compressive strength to be the first compressive strength until the first test compressive strength is above the preset strength, wherein the first test compressive strength is the first compression amount.
3. The method for determining an optimal pressure range for compression casting of ordinary or solid waste concrete according to claim 1, wherein determining a second compression amount corresponding to the concrete according to the pressurization amount and the first compression amount, pouring the concrete into the mold structure according to the second compression amount and the compression time, controlling the compression structure to compress the concrete, and obtaining a second compression strength corresponding to the concrete, comprises:
determining a second test pressurizing amount corresponding to the concrete according to the pressurizing amount and the first pressurizing amount, pouring the concrete into the mould structure according to the second test pressurizing amount, and controlling the pressurizing structure to pressurize the concrete to obtain a second test compressive strength corresponding to the concrete;
if the second test compressive strength is greater than the first compressive strength, determining a third test compressive strength corresponding to the concrete according to the pressurizing amount and the second test pressurizing amount, pouring the concrete into the mold structure according to the third test pressurizing amount, and controlling the pressurizing structure to pressurize the concrete to obtain the third test compressive strength corresponding to the concrete;
And if the third test compressive strength is smaller than the second test compressive strength, determining that the second test compressive strength is the second compressive strength, and determining that the second test compression amount is the second compression amount.
4. The method for determining an optimal pressure range for compression casting of ordinary or solid waste concrete according to claim 3, wherein the step of determining a second test compression amount corresponding to the concrete according to the pressurization amount and the first compression amount, pouring the concrete into the mold structure according to the second test compression amount, controlling the compression structure to compress the concrete, and obtaining a second test compression strength corresponding to the concrete further comprises:
if the second test compressive strength is smaller than or equal to the first compressive strength, the pressurizing amount is adjusted to obtain a first adjusting pressurizing amount corresponding to the concrete; wherein the first adjusted boost amount is less than the boost amount;
updating the first adjustment pressurizing amount, taking the first adjustment pressurizing amount as the pressurizing amount, continuously executing the step of determining a second test pressurizing amount corresponding to the concrete according to the pressurizing amount and the first pressurizing amount, pouring the concrete into the mould structure according to the second test pressurizing amount, and controlling the pressurizing structure to pressurize the concrete to obtain a second test compressive strength corresponding to the concrete until the second test compressive strength is larger than the first compressive strength.
5. The method for determining the optimal pressure range for compression casting of plain or dead concrete according to claim 4, wherein the determining method further comprises:
if the second test compressive strength is smaller than the first compressive strength, adjusting the pressurizing amount to obtain a second adjusting pressurizing amount corresponding to the concrete; wherein the second adjusted boost amount is less than the boost amount;
updating the second adjustment pressurizing amount, taking the second adjustment pressurizing amount as the pressurizing amount, continuously executing the first test pressurizing amount corresponding to the concrete according to the initial pressurizing amount and the pressurizing amount, pouring the concrete into the mould structure according to the first test pressurizing amount, controlling the pressurizing structure to pressurize the concrete to obtain a first test compressive strength corresponding to the concrete until the first test compressive strength is above the preset strength and the first test compressive strength is smaller than the first compressive strength, updating the first compressive strength and the first pressurizing amount, taking the updated first test compressive strength as the first compressive strength, and taking the updated first test pressurizing amount as the first pressurizing amount.
6. The method for determining an optimal pressure range for compression casting of ordinary or dead weight concrete according to claim 3, wherein the concrete casting apparatus further comprises:
the die structure and the pressurizing structure are arranged on the connecting structure;
the sensor structure is arranged on the connecting structure, is connected to the bottom of the die structure and is used for detecting the pressure applied by the pressurizing structure;
the determining the corresponding pressure range of the concrete according to the first compressive strength, the second compressive strength, the first pressurizing amount and the second pressurizing amount comprises the following steps:
controlling the sensor structure to determine a first current stress corresponding to the first compressive strength and a second current stress corresponding to the second compressive strength;
verifying the first pressurization amount according to the first current stress;
verifying the second amount of pressurization based on the second current stress;
and if the first pressurizing amount and the second pressurizing amount meet preset requirements, determining a pressure range corresponding to the concrete according to the first pressurizing amount and the second pressurizing amount.
7. The method of determining an optimal pressure range for compression casting plain or solid waste concrete according to claim 6, wherein controlling the sensor structure to determine a first current stress corresponding to the first compressive strength and a second current stress corresponding to the second compressive strength comprises:
according to the first compressive strength, the first pressurizing amount, the second compressive strength and the second pressurizing amount, and controlling the sensor structure to obtain a relation curve between the compressive strength and the pre-pressurizing stress corresponding to the concrete;
and determining a first current stress corresponding to the first compressive strength and a second current stress corresponding to the second compressive strength according to the relation curve.
8. The method for determining the optimal pressure range of the compression casting of the ordinary or solid waste concrete according to claim 1, wherein the determining of the strength information and the compression information corresponding to the concrete comprises the following steps:
determining the mixing ratio parameters of coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, cement and water and the performance parameters of the coarse aggregate;
and preparing concrete according to the mixing ratio parameters and the performance parameters, obtaining initial strength corresponding to the concrete, and determining preset strength corresponding to the concrete according to the initial strength.
9. The method for determining the optimal pressure range for compression casting plain or solid waste concrete according to claim 6, wherein the connecting structure comprises:
the die structure is detachably connected with the lower bottom plate
A plurality of high-strength screws arranged on the lower bottom plate,
the top plate is connected with the high-strength screw rod;
the pressing structure includes:
the high-pressure jack is arranged on the top plate;
the compression bar is connected to the tail end of the high-pressure jack;
the pressure head is arranged at the tail end of the pressure rod;
wherein, the axis of depression bar with the central line coincidence of mould structure.
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