CN115452573A - Method for determining optimal pressure range of compressed pouring common or solid waste concrete - Google Patents
Method for determining optimal pressure range of compressed pouring common or solid waste concrete Download PDFInfo
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- CN115452573A CN115452573A CN202211121143.9A CN202211121143A CN115452573A CN 115452573 A CN115452573 A CN 115452573A CN 202211121143 A CN202211121143 A CN 202211121143A CN 115452573 A CN115452573 A CN 115452573A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0676—Force, weight, load, energy, speed or acceleration
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for determining the optimal pressure range of compression casting common or solid waste concrete, which is applied to a compression casting device and is simple to operate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of civil engineering materials, in particular to a method for determining an optimal pressure range of compression casting of common or solid waste concrete.
Background
On the one hand, natural sand and stone in concrete are non-renewable materials (in a short period), and the unregulated exploitation can cause resource shortage and irreversible damage to the ecological environment. On the other hand, the construction waste generated by demolishing a large amount of old buildings accounts for 30% -40% of the total amount of the municipal waste, so in order to promote carbon emission reduction and sustainable development of the construction industry, research and utilization of solid waste base (concrete aggregate is produced by taking solid waste generated by demolishing existing buildings as a source) concrete are urgently needed to be promoted. The low utilization rate of the solid waste base concrete is mainly caused by the performance defects of the solid waste base concrete and the limitations of the modification technology and the modification effect. However, in order to improve the utilization rate, it is necessary to solve the problem of reinforcing solid waste-based aggregate or solid waste-based concrete.
In the existing design scheme for modifying solid waste base concrete, the natural defects of solid waste base aggregate comprise: the defects of high crushing index, high porosity, low density, poor bonding capability and weak interface transition region cause that the solid waste concrete has the disadvantages of low strength, easy cracking, poor durability and the like compared with the common concrete and become the biggest obstacle to the application of the solid waste concrete. Taking recycled concrete aggregate which is the most widely available as an example, various methods can improve the performance of recycled concrete, including a method for reducing the porosity of solid waste base aggregate (an accelerated carbonization method, a nanotechnology treatment method and a method for generating calcium carbonate deposition by microorganisms), a method for reducing the thickness of old mortar of recycled aggregate (an acid soaking treatment method and a mechanical grinding method) and a mixed use method of the technologies. The modes have certain effect on improving the performance of the recycled aggregate or the recycled concrete, but have obvious defects on the aspects of performance improvement effect, economy and large-scale application. For example, the carbonized recycled aggregate has better physical properties than the virgin recycled aggregate, but the treatment cycle is too long and the requirements on treatment equipment are high. Further, for example, acid treatment, which is the most common method for reducing or removing a used mortar layer because an alkaline mortar is soluble in acid, may generate harmful ions such as chloride ions (promoting corrosion of reinforcing steel bars) after chemical treatment of recycled aggregate, and generates an acid solution which is not environment-friendly after acid treatment of recycled aggregate, making the treatment process more complicated. The nanotechnology treatment method and the deposition method of calcium carbonate generated by microorganisms can fill pores and cracks, but the excessive time and economic cost and the unsatisfactory improvement effect cannot meet the aim of large-scale treatment and application of recycled aggregates.
Accordingly, the prior art is yet to be improved and developed.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a method for determining the optimum pressure range of compression casting ordinary or solid waste concrete, and aims to improve the performance of solid waste concrete.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
in a first aspect, the invention provides a method for determining an optimal pressure range of compression casting of ordinary or solid waste concrete, wherein the method is applied to a compression casting device, the compression casting device comprises a mold structure and a pressurizing structure arranged opposite to the mold structure, the mold structure is used for containing concrete, and the pressurizing structure is used for applying pressure to the interior of the mold structure;
the determination method comprises the following steps:
determining strength information and pressurization information corresponding to the concrete; the pressurization information comprises a pressurization amount and a pressurization time;
determining a first pressurization amount corresponding to the concrete according to the pressurization information, pouring the concrete into the mould structure according to the first pressurization amount and the pressurization time, and controlling the pressurization structure to pressurize the concrete to obtain a first compression strength corresponding to the concrete;
determining a second pressurization amount corresponding to the concrete according to the pressurization amount and the first pressurization amount, pouring the concrete into the mold structure according to the second pressurization amount, the pressurization time and the strength information, and controlling the pressurization structure to pressurize the concrete to obtain a second compression strength corresponding to the concrete;
and determining the corresponding pressure range of the concrete according to the first compressive strength, the second compressive strength, the first pressurizing amount and the second pressurizing amount.
In one embodiment, the intensity information includes a preset intensity; the pressurization information further comprises an initial pressurization amount; the step of determining a first pressurization amount corresponding to the concrete according to the pressurization amount, pouring the concrete into the mold structure according to the first pressurization amount, the pressurization time and the strength information, and controlling the pressurization structure to pressurize the concrete to obtain a first compressive strength corresponding to the concrete includes:
determining a first test pressurization amount corresponding to the concrete according to the initial pressurization amount and the pressurization amount, pouring the concrete into the mould structure according to the first test pressurization amount, and controlling the pressurization structure to pressurize the concrete to obtain a first test compressive strength corresponding to the concrete;
and if the first test compressive strength is higher than the preset strength, determining that the first test compressive strength is a first compressive strength, and the first test pressurization amount is a first pressurization amount.
In one embodiment, the determining method further comprises:
if the initial compressive strength is smaller than the preset strength, updating the initial pressurization amount, taking the first test pressurization amount as the initial pressurization amount, continuously executing the step of determining a first test pressurization amount corresponding to the concrete according to the initial pressurization amount and the pressurization amount, pouring the concrete into the mold structure according to the first test pressurization amount, controlling the pressurization structure to pressurize the concrete to obtain a first test compressive strength corresponding to the concrete, and determining the first test compressive strength as the first compressive strength until the first test compressive strength is higher than the preset strength, wherein the first test compressive strength is the first compressive strength, and the first test pressurization amount is the first pressurization amount.
In one embodiment, the determining, according to the pressurization amount and the first pressurization amount, a second pressurization amount corresponding to the concrete, pouring the concrete into the mold structure according to the second pressurization amount and the pressurization time, and controlling the pressurization structure to pressurize the concrete to obtain a second compressive strength corresponding to the concrete includes:
determining a second test pressurization amount corresponding to the concrete according to the pressurization amount and the first pressurization amount, pouring the concrete into the mould structure according to the second test pressurization amount, and controlling the pressurization structure to pressurize the concrete to obtain a second test compression strength corresponding to the concrete;
if the second test compressive strength is greater than the first compressive strength, determining a third test compressive strength corresponding to the concrete according to the pressurization amount and the second test compressive strength, pouring the concrete into the mold structure according to the third test compressive strength, and controlling the compression structure to apply pressure to the concrete to obtain a third test compressive strength corresponding to the concrete;
and if the third test compressive strength is smaller than the second test compressive strength, determining that the second test compressive strength is a second compressive strength and the second test pressurization amount is a second pressurization amount.
In an embodiment, after the steps of determining a second test pressurization amount corresponding to the concrete according to the pressurization amount and the first pressurization amount, pouring the concrete into the mold structure according to the second test pressurization amount, and controlling the pressurization structure to pressurize the concrete to obtain a second test compressive strength corresponding to the concrete, the method further includes:
if the second test compressive strength is less than or equal to the first compressive strength, adjusting the pressurization amount to obtain a first adjusted pressurization amount corresponding to the concrete; wherein the first adjusted boost amount is less than the boost amount;
updating the first pressurization amount, taking the first adjusted pressurization amount as the pressurization amount, continuously executing the step of determining a second test pressurization amount corresponding to the concrete according to the pressurization amount and the first pressurization amount, pouring the concrete into the mould structure according to the second test pressurization amount, and controlling the pressurization structure to pressurize the concrete to obtain a second test compression strength corresponding to the concrete until the second test compression strength is greater than the first compression strength.
In one embodiment, the determining method further comprises:
if the second test compressive strength is smaller than the first compressive strength, adjusting the pressurization amount to obtain a second adjusted pressurization amount corresponding to the concrete; wherein the second adjusted boost amount is less than the boost amount;
updating the second pressurization amount, taking the second adjusted pressurization amount as the pressurization amount, continuing to execute the step of determining a first test pressurization amount corresponding to the concrete according to the initial pressurization amount and the pressurization amount, pouring the concrete into the mold structure according to the first test pressurization amount, controlling the pressurization structure to pressurize the concrete to obtain a first test compressive strength corresponding to the concrete, updating the first compressive strength and the first pressurization amount until the first test compressive strength is higher than the preset strength and the first test compressive strength is lower than the first compressive strength, taking the updated first test compressive strength as the first compressive strength, and taking the updated first test pressurization amount as the first pressurization amount.
In one embodiment, the concrete pouring apparatus further comprises:
the connecting structure is provided with the mould structure and the pressurizing structure;
the sensor structure is arranged on the connecting structure, connected to the bottom of the mold structure and used for detecting the pressure applied by the pressurizing structure;
determining the pressure range corresponding to the concrete according to the first compressive strength, the second compressive strength, the first pressurizing amount and the second pressurizing amount, wherein the determining comprises the following steps:
controlling the sensor structure to determine a first current stress corresponding to the first compressive strength and a second current stress corresponding to the second compressive strength;
verifying the first pressurization amount according to the first current stress;
verifying the second pressurization amount according to the second current stress;
and if the first pressurization amount and the second pressurization amount both meet the preset requirements, determining the corresponding pressure range of the concrete according to the first pressurization amount and the second pressurization amount.
In one embodiment, the controlling the sensor structure to determine a first current stress corresponding to the first compressive strength and a second current stress corresponding to the second compressive strength includes:
controlling the sensor structure to obtain a relation curve between the compressive strength and the pre-compressive stress corresponding to the concrete according to the first compressive strength, the first compressive amount, the second compressive strength and the second compressive amount;
and determining a first current stress corresponding to the first compressive strength and a second current stress corresponding to the second compressive strength according to the relation curve.
In one embodiment, the determining the strength information and the pressurization information corresponding to the concrete comprises:
determining the mixing proportion parameters of coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, cement and water and the performance parameters of the coarse aggregate;
and preparing concrete according to the mixing proportion parameters and the performance parameters to obtain the initial strength corresponding to the concrete, and determining the preset strength corresponding to the concrete according to the initial strength.
In one embodiment, the connection structure includes:
a lower base plate, the mold structure is detachably connected with the lower base plate
A plurality of high-strength screws arranged on the lower bottom plate,
the top plate is connected with the high-strength screw rod;
the pressurization structure includes:
the high-pressure jack is arranged on the top plate;
the compression bar is connected to the tail end of the high-pressure jack;
the pressure head is arranged at the tail end of the pressure rod;
wherein the axis of the compression bar is superposed with the central line of the mould structure.
Has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides a method for determining the optimal pressure range of compression casting common or solid waste concrete, which is applied to a compression casting device and is simple to operate.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of the method for determining the optimum pressure range for compression casting of ordinary or solid waste concrete according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a detailed flowchart of the method for determining the optimum pressure range for compression casting of ordinary or solid waste concrete according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the apparatus for compressing cast concrete according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the compressive casting pre-compressive stress and the concrete strength of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of the present invention for preparing compressed cast concrete.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the compressive strength of the present invention as a function of casting pre-compressive stress.
Description of the reference numerals:
1. a nut; 2. a top plate; 3. a high-strength screw; 4. a cylindrical mold; 5. a force sensor meter display; 6. a force sensor; 7. a support; 8. a high-pressure jack; 9. a flange; 10. a pressure lever; 11. a circular ram; 12. a base plate; 13. a high-strength bolt; 14. a lower base plate; 15. and (6) a gasket.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a method for determining the optimal pressure range of compression casting of common or solid waste concrete, and the invention is further described in detail below in order to make the purpose, technical scheme and effect of the invention clearer and clearer. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or be indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or be indirectly connected to the other element.
It should also be noted that the same or similar reference numerals in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar components; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if there is an orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc., based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, it is only for convenience of description and simplification of the description, but it is not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore, the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and are not to be construed as limiting the present patent, and the specific meaning of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances by those skilled in the art.
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a method for determining an optimal pressure range for compression casting of ordinary or solid waste concrete, wherein a compression casting concrete technology adopted in the present invention is a physically modified concrete technology, and is suitable for improving mechanical properties, reducing porosity, and improving durability of various solid waste concretes (including ordinary concrete), as shown in fig. 1 or fig. 3, the determination method is applied to a compression casting device, the compression casting device comprises a mold structure and a pressurizing structure arranged opposite to the mold structure, the mold structure is used for containing concrete, and the pressurizing structure is used for applying pressure to the interior of the mold structure.
It should be noted that the mold structure can be set to different shapes, the mold structure of the present invention is a cylindrical mold 4 (i.e. a cylinder), but is not limited thereto, and the mold structure can also be set to be a prism or a cube, so as to obtain a concrete block, a beam, a slab, and a column correspondingly.
In one implementation, as shown in fig. 3, the concrete pouring apparatus further includes:
the die structure and the pressurizing structure are arranged on the connecting structure;
the sensor structure is arranged on the connecting structure, connected to the bottom of the die structure and used for detecting the pressure applied by the pressurizing structure.
Specifically, the connection structure includes:
a lower base plate 14, the mold structure being detachably connected to the lower base plate 14
A plurality of high-strength screws 3 arranged on the lower bottom plate 14,
the top plate 2 is connected with the high-strength screw rod 3;
the pressurization structure includes:
the high-pressure jack 8 is arranged on the top plate 2;
the compression bar 10 is connected to the tail end of the high-pressure jack 8;
a pressure head 11 (namely a circular pressure head) is arranged at the tail end of the pressure rod 10;
wherein the axis of the compression bar 11 coincides with the centre line of the mould structure.
It should be noted that the shape of the ram 11 corresponds to the shape of the die structure, for example, the cylindrical die 4 is adopted in the embodiment, and the circular ram 11 is adopted as the corresponding ram; the high-tensile screws 3 of the present embodiment are provided with 4 screws, but are not limited thereto, and may be provided with 6 screws or 8 screws.
Further, as shown in fig. 3, the lower end edge of the lower bottom plate 14 is provided with four supports 7, the lower bottom plate is parallel to and opposite to the top plate 2, the four high-strength screws 3 are connected to the top plate 2 through nuts 1, the top plate 2 is provided with connecting holes for connecting the high-pressure jack 8, the telescopic end of the high-pressure jack 8 faces downward, that is, the telescopic end of the high-pressure jack 8 is connected to a pressure lever 10 through a flange 9, the lower end of the pressure lever 10 is connected to a circular pressure head 11, the diameter of the circular pressure head 11 corresponds to the diameter of the cylindrical mold 4, so that the telescopic end of the high-pressure jack 8 extends, the circular pressure head 11 is driven by the pressure lever 10 to penetrate into the cylindrical mold 4, so as to apply pressure to concrete inside the cylindrical mold 4, the bottom of the cylindrical mold 4 is provided with a sensor structure (i.e., a force sensor 6), the upper end of the lower bottom plate is provided with a force sensor instrument display 5 connected to the force sensor 6, so as to display readings (including reading change data) of the force sensor 6, the cylindrical mold 4 is further provided with a backing plate 12, and the backing plate 12 is connected to the lower bottom plate 14 for supporting the cylindrical mold 4.
It should be noted that the high-pressure jack may apply the pre-compressive stress to a set value by using an electric control device, so as to apply a fixed amount of pressure (i.e. the pre-compressive stress) to the concrete in the mold structure.
The concrete pouring device has the working principle that:
the concrete pouring device applies pressure to newly poured concrete in a stress self-balancing and physical pressurizing mode, and the high-pressure jack 8 is fixed at the upper part of the steel mould structure and is connected with the lower bottom plate at the lower part of the steel mould structure through 4 high-strength screw rods 3. In the actual working process, the piston rod of the high-pressure jack is lifted downwards to be in direct contact with concrete, pressure is applied, the concrete is pressed to transmit the pressure to the mould structure and to the lower bottom plate through the backing plate, the high-strength screw rod is pulled to connect the high-pressure jack on the upper part of the mould structure with the lower bottom plate for supporting the mould structure, and support is provided for the work of the piston rod of the high-pressure jack, so that a set of pressure device with self-balancing stress is formed.
The determination method determines the range of the minimum and maximum pre-pressing stress by optimizing and adjusting the magnitude of the applied pre-pressing stress, thereby simplifying the compression pouring equipment and reducing the cost while meeting the requirements of improving the mechanical and durability indexes of the solid waste base concrete (at least not lower than that of the common pouring conventional aggregate concrete under the same condition).
The method for determining the optimal pressure range is characterized in that through multiple cyclic compression pouring tests, the strength of the compressed and poured concrete of two adjacent times is compared with the pre-pressurizing intensity information, and the minimum and maximum pre-pressurizing intensity ranges are determined, so that the strength of the compressed and poured concrete is greater than the designed strength and the concrete is not softened.
The determining method of the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
and S100, determining the corresponding strength information and the corresponding pressurizing information of the concrete.
Specifically, the intensity information includes a preset intensity and an initial intensity; the pressurization information includes an initial pressurization amount, a pressurization amount, and a pressurization time.
As shown in fig. 5, the step S100 specifically includes:
step S110, determining the mixing ratio parameters of coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, cement and water and the performance parameters of the coarse aggregate; wherein the performance parameters of the coarse aggregate comprise apparent density, water absorption and compression index.
And S120, preparing concrete according to the mixing proportion parameter and the performance parameter to obtain the initial strength corresponding to the concrete, and determining the preset strength corresponding to the concrete according to the initial strength.
Specifically, natural/solid waste coarse and fine aggregates required by solid waste concrete are selected and prepared according to the concrete physical mechanical property test method standard GB/T50081-2019, the construction pebbles and gravels GB/T14685-2011, the construction sand GB/T14684-2011 and the DGTJ 08-2018-2007-technical specification of recycled concrete application, the concrete mixing ratio is determined, and the concrete is stirred.
As shown in table 1 and table 2, the coarse aggregate and the fine aggregate with the performance parameters are poured into a double-shaft mixer according to the mixing proportion and are stirred for 2 to 3 minutes, the cement with the mixing proportion is continuously poured into the mixer and is stirred for 2 to 3 minutes, and then the water with the mixing proportion is poured into the mixer and is stirred for 2 to 3 minutes, so that the concrete is obtained.
The invention designs C30 (cylinder strength is 30MPa respectively) concrete, selects coarse and fine aggregates with a certain aggregate gradation, tests the physical and mechanical property indexes of the coarse aggregates (table 1), and matches the concrete.
It should be noted that the initial strength of the obtained concrete is obtained by testing through a press machine after 28 days of curing; and determining the preset strength which is reached by the concrete after the pressure is applied according to the initial strength, wherein the preset strength is the concrete strength meeting the building requirement. As shown in FIG. 4, f co Compressive strength for ordinary cast concrete without pressurization，f ct The minimum concrete strength is designed.
And S130, determining the initial pressurizing amount, the pressurizing amount and the pressurizing time of the concrete according to the preset strength and the initial strength.
Specifically, after the preset strength is set, the concrete pressurization amount (Δ P) is roughly set according to the preset strength and the initial strength, and the pressurization time (e.g. 2-10 min) corresponding to each pressurization amount needs to be noticed, and the initial pressurization amount is zero in the embodiment, but is not limited thereto, and the specific setting is modified according to actual requirements.
TABLE 1 coarse aggregate Performance parameters
TABLE 2 mixing ratio of ordinary concrete
After obtaining the concrete, the method comprises the following steps:
and S200, determining a first pressurization amount corresponding to the concrete according to the pressurization information, pouring the concrete into the mould structure according to the first pressurization amount and the pressurization time, and controlling the pressurization structure to pressurize the concrete to obtain a first compression strength corresponding to the concrete.
In one implementation mode, fresh concrete is added into a circular mold and is properly vibrated, an electric control device can be adopted to apply pre-compressive stress to a set value after the mold and a jack are aligned, the pre-compressive stress can be immediately unloaded and the mold is removed after being maintained for 2-10 minutes (according to the type of concrete), and finally, the test piece is subjected to conventional maintenance.
The step S200 specifically includes:
step S210, determining a first test pressurization amount corresponding to the concrete according to the initial pressurization amount and the pressurization amount, pouring the concrete into the mold structure according to the first test pressurization amount, and controlling the pressurization structure to pressurize the concrete to obtain a first test compressive strength corresponding to the concrete.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the freshly mixed solid waste concrete (which may be any concrete including ordinary concrete) is added into a cylindrical mold (which is made according to the actual shape and size requirements of the component). Further, pouring the stirred concrete into a mould structure (namely a cylinder mould), vibrating by using an insertion vibrating rod, continuously inserting and vibrating for a plurality of times, and centering and leveling the cylinder mould filled with the concrete and the loading device. It should be noted that, when concrete is added and pressure is applied, the concrete pouring device needs to be installed, centered and leveled, and stability and accuracy of pressure application pre-pressing stress are guaranteed.
It should be noted that the volume of the added concrete is adapted to the volume of the cylindrical mold, so that the volume of the pressurized cylindrical mold is the same as the volume of the pressurized concrete, and the specification (diameter X height) of the cylindrical mold in this embodiment is 150mmX300mm, so that when the concrete is actually added, the height of the pre-added concrete can be higher than 300mm, for example, the height of the added concrete is 320mm, so that the height is reduced to 300mm after the pressurization, and the specific setting is modified according to the actual requirement, and is not limited herein.
In one implementation, the pressurization amount and the pressurization time are fixed values, and it is noted that the pressurization amount is in the range of 1 to 5MPa (i.e., the increment step Δ P =1 to 5 MPa), and the pressurization time is in the range of 2 to 10 minutes; setting an initial pressurization amount (initial pre-stress) to P when the initial step i =0 i =0 (i.e. P) 0 ＝0)。
Specifically, the pressurization amount was set to 5MPa, and the pressurization time was set to 5min.
Further, the pressurization amount was 5MPa, and the initial pressurization amount was a one-time pressurization amount, that is, 5MPa (P) 1 =5 MPa) to set a pre-stress (first test pressurization amount) of the high pressure jack to 5MPa, and pressurize the concrete in the cylinder mold through the high pressure jack, and at the same time, detect a current stress (first test current stress) through the force sensor in real time, thereby performing the first test as the current stressThe front stress is checked with the first test pressurization amount, and the accuracy of the pressurization amount is ensured. That is, the pressure is instantly increased to the set pressure stress P by the high pressure jack i Compacting the concrete, maintaining the compression amount and the pressurization time, immediately removing the mould, after standard curing for 28 days, testing the first test compressive strength (compressive strength value) of the concrete by a press machine, and recording as f 1 As shown in fig. 4.
Step S220, if the first test compressive strength is higher than the preset strength, determining that the first test compressive strength is a first compressive strength, and the first test pressurization amount is a first pressurization amount.
In particular, if the first test compressive strength f 1 At the preset intensity f ct In the above, the first test compressive strength is determined as the first compressive strength f l ，f l Is greater than and closest to f ct And the first test pressurization amount is a first pressurization amount P l Pressure P corresponding to l l Is the first amount of pressurization (i.e., minimum pre-stress).
The step S200 further includes:
step S230, if the initial compressive strength is smaller than the preset strength, updating the initial pressurization amount, taking the first test pressurization amount as the initial pressurization amount, continuing to execute the step of determining a first test pressurization amount corresponding to the concrete according to the initial pressurization amount and the pressurization amount, pouring the concrete into the mold structure according to the first test pressurization amount, controlling the pressurization structure to pressurize the concrete to obtain a first test compressive strength corresponding to the concrete, and determining that the first test compressive strength is the first compressive strength until the first test compressive strength is higher than the preset strength, wherein the first test compressive strength is the first compressive strength, and the first test pressurization amount is the first pressurization amount.
Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4, if the first test compressive strength f 1 Less than a predetermined intensity f ct Applying pressure in the next increment step, namely adopting the steps, but the prestressing stress of the time is increased by a supercharging quantity (5 MPa) compared with the prestressing stress of the last time, and curing the concrete for 28 daysThen the compressive strength and the preset strength of the time are obtained and continuously judged until the compressive strength of the concrete is higher than the preset strength right after an increment step is carried out, and therefore the compressive strength of the concrete is taken as the first compressive strength f l And the pressure increase amount after the increment step is a first pressure increase amount P l 。
After the first compression strength (lowest concrete strength) and the first compression amount (minimum compressive stress) are determined, the method further comprises the following steps:
step S300, determining a second pressurization amount corresponding to the concrete according to the pressurization amount and the first pressurization amount, pouring the concrete into the mould structure according to the second pressurization amount, the pressurization time and the strength information, and controlling the pressurization structure to pressurize the concrete to obtain a second compression strength corresponding to the concrete.
The step S300 specifically includes:
and S310, determining a second test pressurization amount corresponding to the concrete according to the pressurization amount and the first pressurization amount, pouring the concrete into the mould structure according to the second test pressurization amount, and controlling the pressurization structure to pressurize the concrete to obtain a second test compressive strength corresponding to the concrete.
Specifically, the first pressurization amount and the pressurization amount (at least one) are added (or subtracted, in this case, the first pressurization amount needs to be updated) to be the second test pressurization amount, the high-pressure jack is enabled to pressurize the concrete by the second test pressurization amount by adopting the steps, and the second test compressive strength is obtained after demoulding and curing for 28 days. That is, as shown in FIG. 2, the second test compressive strength is f i-1 。
Step S320, if the second test compressive strength is greater than the first compressive strength, determining a third test compressive strength corresponding to the concrete according to the pressurization amount and the second test compressive strength, pouring the concrete into the mold structure according to the third test compressive strength, and controlling the pressurization structure to pressurize the concrete to obtain a third test compressive strength corresponding to the concrete.
In particular, the second testAnd adding the pressurization amount and a pressurization amount to a third test pressurization amount, pressurizing the concrete by the high-pressure jack by the third test pressurization amount by adopting the steps, and removing the mould and maintaining for 28 days to obtain a third test compressive strength. That is, as shown in FIG. 2, the third test compressive strength is f i 。
Step S330, if the third test compressive strength is smaller than the second test compressive strength, determining that the second test compressive strength is a second compressive strength, and the second test pressurization amount is a second pressurization amount.
In particular, if f i ＜f i-1 As shown in FIG. 4, the second test pressurization amount is determined to be the second pressurization amount (i.e., the maximum pre-pressurization stress P) m ) The second test compressive strength is the second compressive strength (i.e., highest concrete strength f) m Degree, intensity value of the highest point of the curve). f. of m The pressure P corresponding to l and m is the intensity value of the highest point of the curve l And P m A first pressurization amount (i.e., minimum pre-stress) and a second pressurization amount (i.e., maximum pre-stress), respectively.
That is, as shown in FIG. 4, when f i ≥f i-1 Continuing to perform the incremental step to obtain the comparison judgment between the concrete strength and the preset strength, namely continuing to perform the steps S310, S320 and S330, and when f is i <f i-1 Step S400 is performed.
As shown in fig. 6, the compressive casting treatment is performed at 0,5, 15, and 25MPa by increasing the casting compressive stress. And evaluating the relation between the pouring pre-compressive stress and the concrete compressive strength by performing a compressive strength test on the concrete sample after 28 days of maintenance, and finally obtaining the minimum pouring pre-compressive stress and the maximum pouring pre-compressive stress.
It should be noted that, within the range of the minimum and maximum pre-compressive stresses, the macro-mechanical properties (compressive strength, etc.), the microstructure (porosity, interface transition zone, etc.), and the durability of the compression-cast solid waste concrete are all greatly improved, and then the effect of reducing the cost is achieved on the premise of ensuring and improving the performance of the concrete.
The method further comprises the steps of:
step S341, if the second tested compressive strength is less than or equal to the first compressive strength, adjusting the pressurization amount to obtain a first adjusted pressurization amount corresponding to the concrete; wherein the first adjusted boost amount is less than the boost amount;
step S341, updating the first pressurization amount, taking the first adjusted pressurization amount as the pressurization amount, continuously executing the step of determining a second test pressurization amount corresponding to the concrete according to the pressurization amount and the first pressurization amount, pouring the concrete into the mold structure according to the second test pressurization amount, and controlling the pressurization structure to pressurize the concrete to obtain a second test compression strength corresponding to the concrete until the second test compression strength is greater than the first compression strength.
In particular, when f i-1 ≤f l As shown in fig. 4, the magnitude of the pre-compressive stress corresponding to the previous incremental step is P m In the above, it is necessary to reduce the magnitude of the pressurization amount to obtain a first adjusted pressurization amount (e.g. 2MPa, 3 MPa), and retest a second test pressurization amount obtained by adding the first pressurization amount and the first adjusted pressurization amount, so as to obtain the correspondingly adjusted concrete strength until f i-1 ＞f l And f is a i ＜f i-1 So as to obtain the accurate maximum concrete strength and the corresponding maximum pre-stressing stress P m 。
The determination method further comprises the steps of:
step S351, if the second test compressive strength is smaller than the first compressive strength, adjusting the pressurization amount to obtain a second adjustment pressurization amount corresponding to the concrete; wherein the second adjusted boost amount is less than the boost amount;
step S352, updating the second pressurization amount, taking the second adjusted pressurization amount as the pressurization amount, continuing to perform the step of determining a first test pressurization amount corresponding to the concrete according to the initial pressurization amount and the pressurization amount, pouring the concrete into the mold structure according to the first test pressurization amount, controlling the pressurization structure to pressurize the concrete, and obtaining a first test compressive strength corresponding to the concrete, until the first test compressive strength is higher than the preset strength and the first test compressive strength is lower than the first compressive strength, updating the first compressive strength and the first pressurization amount, taking the updated first test compressive strength as the first compressive strength, and taking the updated first test pressurization amount as the first pressurization amount.
Specifically, when f i-1 ＜f l As shown in FIG. 4, this previous incremental step corresponds to a pre-compressive stress less than P l In this case, it is necessary that the first pressurization amount is not closest to f ct The first pressurization amount needs to be updated, that is, the magnitude of the pressurization amount is reduced to obtain a second adjusted pressurization amount (e.g., 2MPa, 3 MPa), that is, step S200 is executed again to retest the updated first pressurization amount and the corresponding adjusted concrete strength, so that the concrete strength is closest to f ct And then proceeds to step S300.
And S400, determining a pressure range corresponding to the concrete according to the first compressive strength, the second compressive strength, the first pressurization amount and the second pressurization amount.
The step S400 specifically includes:
step S410, controlling the sensor structure to determine a first current stress corresponding to the first compressive strength and a second current stress corresponding to the second compressive strength.
The method specifically comprises the following steps:
and S411, controlling a sensor structure to obtain a relation curve between the compressive strength and the pre-compressive stress corresponding to the concrete according to the first compressive strength, the first compressive amount, the second compressive strength and the second compressive amount. Obtaining the strength f of the compressed pouring concrete i And pre-stressed P i Fig. 4 shows the relationship (i =0 to n).
Step S412, determining a first current stress corresponding to the first compressive strength and a second current stress corresponding to the second compressive strength according to the relationship curve. And obtaining the first current stress and the second current stress through the force sensor.
Step S420, verifying the first pressurization amount according to the first current stress, and verifying the second pressurization amount according to the second current stress. When the data obtained by the force sensor is the same as the data of the pre-pressurizing stress correspondingly (or within the error allowable range), the preset requirement is met.
And S430, if the first pressurization amount and the second pressurization amount both meet preset requirements, determining a pressure range corresponding to the concrete according to the first pressurization amount and the second pressurization amount.
The corresponding pressure range of the concrete is as follows: between the first pressurization amount and the second pressurization amount (including the first pressurization amount and the second pressurization amount).
It should be noted that, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the method is suitable for any mixing proportion of any solid waste base concrete, and can determine the prestress stress range of mechanical property and durability above (optimal) preset requirements;
by a physical modification technology, no additive is required to be added, components of concrete are not required to be replaced, the method is suitable for solid waste aggregate or any other concrete, the conventional curing condition is adopted, the equipment is simple, the energy consumption is low, the chemical pollution is avoided, and the cost is low;
the efficiency of improving the performance of the solid waste concrete is extremely high, usually 2-10 minutes, so that the time cost is greatly saved;
the mechanical property of the solid waste concrete is greatly improved, the integral porosity of the solid waste concrete is reduced, the interface transition area of solid waste base aggregate and mortar is improved, the durability of the solid waste concrete is improved, and the three aspects of solid waste aggregate surface mortar, the interface transition area and a concrete matrix can be simultaneously and greatly improved;
under the same strength requirement, the use amount of cement can be reduced (because the strength can be improved);
the method is suitable for standardized, efficient and large-scale production of prefabricated solid waste base concrete components, comprises recycled concrete, rubber concrete, red brick aggregate concrete and other arbitrary concrete, and has the advantages of strong applicability, simple operation, unified flow and the like;
through measurement and calculation, compared with a prefabricated part made of common concrete, the cost can be greatly reduced by the concrete compression and pouring technology.
The method further comprises the following steps:
step S500, repeating the steps S200-S400 for the same concrete material and formula, namely, performing 1-2 series of experiments again, if P is l And P m The result is the same as step S400, the result is confirmed, otherwise steps S200-S500 are repeated until repeatable results are obtained.
In summary, the invention provides a method for determining an optimal pressure range of compression casting of ordinary or solid waste concrete, which is applied to a compression casting device and is simple to operate.
It will be understood that the invention is not limited to the examples described above, but that modifications and variations will occur to those skilled in the art in light of the above teachings, and that all such modifications and variations are considered to be within the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The method for determining the optimal pressure range of the compression casting of the common or solid waste concrete is characterized by being applied to a compression casting device, wherein the compression casting device comprises a mold structure and a pressurizing structure arranged opposite to the mold structure, the mold structure is used for containing the concrete, and the pressurizing structure is used for applying pressure to the interior of the mold structure;
the determination method comprises the following steps:
determining strength information and pressurization information corresponding to the concrete; the pressurization information comprises pressurization amount and pressurization time;
determining a first pressurization amount corresponding to the concrete according to the pressurization information, pouring the concrete into the mould structure according to the first pressurization amount and the pressurization time, and controlling the pressurization structure to pressurize the concrete to obtain a first compression strength corresponding to the concrete;
determining a second pressurization amount corresponding to the concrete according to the pressurization amount and the first pressurization amount, pouring the concrete into the mold structure according to the second pressurization amount, the pressurization time and the strength information, and controlling the pressurization structure to pressurize the concrete to obtain a second compression strength corresponding to the concrete;
and determining the pressure range corresponding to the concrete according to the first compressive strength, the second compressive strength, the first pressurizing amount and the second pressurizing amount.
2. The method for determining the optimal pressure range for compression casting of ordinary or solid waste concrete according to claim 1, wherein the strength information includes a preset strength; the pressurization information further comprises an initial pressurization amount; the step of determining a first pressurization amount corresponding to the concrete according to the pressurization amount, pouring the concrete into the mold structure according to the first pressurization amount, the pressurization time and the strength information, and controlling the pressurization structure to pressurize the concrete to obtain a first compressive strength corresponding to the concrete includes:
determining a first test pressurization amount corresponding to the concrete according to the initial pressurization amount and the pressurization amount, pouring the concrete into the mould structure according to the first test pressurization amount, and controlling the pressurization structure to pressurize the concrete to obtain a first test compressive strength corresponding to the concrete;
and if the first test compressive strength is higher than the preset strength, determining that the first test compressive strength is a first compressive strength, and the first test pressurization amount is a first pressurization amount.
3. The method for determining the optimal pressure range for compression casting of ordinary or solid waste concrete according to claim 2, further comprising:
if the initial compressive strength is smaller than the preset strength, updating the initial pressurization amount, taking the first test pressurization amount as the initial pressurization amount, continuously executing the step of determining a first test pressurization amount corresponding to the concrete according to the initial pressurization amount and the pressurization amount, pouring the concrete into the mold structure according to the first test pressurization amount, controlling the pressurization structure to pressurize the concrete to obtain a first test compressive strength corresponding to the concrete, and determining the first test compressive strength as the first compressive strength until the first test compressive strength is higher than the preset strength, wherein the first test compressive strength is the first compressive strength, and the first test pressurization amount is the first pressurization amount.
4. The method for determining the optimal pressure range for compression casting of ordinary or solid waste concrete according to claim 2, wherein the step of determining a second pressurization amount corresponding to the concrete according to the pressurization amount and the first pressurization amount, pouring the concrete into the mold structure according to the second pressurization amount and the pressurization time, and controlling the pressurization structure to pressurize the concrete to obtain a second compressive strength corresponding to the concrete comprises the following steps:
determining a second test pressurization amount corresponding to the concrete according to the pressurization amount and the first pressurization amount, pouring the concrete into the mould structure according to the second test pressurization amount, and controlling the pressurization structure to pressurize the concrete to obtain a second test compressive strength corresponding to the concrete;
if the second test compressive strength is greater than the first compressive strength, determining a third test compressive strength corresponding to the concrete according to the pressurization amount and the second test compressive strength, pouring the concrete into the mold structure according to the third test compressive strength, and controlling the compression structure to apply pressure to the concrete to obtain a third test compressive strength corresponding to the concrete;
and if the third test compressive strength is smaller than the second test compressive strength, determining that the second test compressive strength is a second compressive strength, and the second test pressurization amount is a second pressurization amount.
5. The method for determining the optimal pressure range for compression casting of ordinary or solid waste concrete according to claim 4, wherein after the steps of determining a second test pressurization amount corresponding to the concrete according to the pressurization amount and the first pressurization amount, pouring the concrete into the mold structure according to the second test pressurization amount, and controlling the pressurization structure to pressurize the concrete to obtain a second test compressive strength corresponding to the concrete, the method further comprises the following steps:
if the second test compressive strength is less than or equal to the first compressive strength, adjusting the pressurization amount to obtain a first adjusted pressurization amount corresponding to the concrete; wherein the first adjusted boost amount is less than the boost amount;
updating the first pressurization amount, taking the first adjusted pressurization amount as the pressurization amount, continuously executing the step of determining a second test pressurization amount corresponding to the concrete according to the pressurization amount and the first pressurization amount, pouring the concrete into the mould structure according to the second test pressurization amount, and controlling the pressurization structure to pressurize the concrete to obtain a second test compressive strength corresponding to the concrete until the second test compressive strength is greater than the first compressive strength.
6. The method for determining the optimal pressure range for compression casting of ordinary or solid waste concrete according to claim 5, further comprising:
if the second test compressive strength is smaller than the first compressive strength, adjusting the pressurization amount to obtain a second adjusted pressurization amount corresponding to the concrete; wherein the second adjusted boost amount is less than the boost amount;
updating the second pressurization amount, taking the second adjusted pressurization amount as the pressurization amount, continuing to execute the step of determining a first test pressurization amount corresponding to the concrete according to the initial pressurization amount and the pressurization amount, pouring the concrete into the mold structure according to the first test pressurization amount, controlling the pressurization structure to pressurize the concrete to obtain a first test compressive strength corresponding to the concrete, updating the first compressive strength and the first pressurization amount until the first test compressive strength is higher than the preset strength and the first test compressive strength is lower than the first compressive strength, taking the updated first test compressive strength as the first compressive strength, and taking the updated first test pressurization amount as the first pressurization amount.
7. The method for determining the optimum pressure range for compression-casting general or solid waste concrete according to claim 4, wherein the concrete casting apparatus further comprises:
the connecting structure is provided with the mould structure and the pressurizing structure;
the sensor structure is arranged on the connecting structure, connected to the bottom of the mold structure and used for detecting the pressure applied by the pressurizing structure;
determining the pressure range corresponding to the concrete according to the first compressive strength, the second compressive strength, the first pressurization amount and the second pressurization amount, wherein the determining comprises the following steps:
controlling the sensor structure to determine a first current stress corresponding to the first compressive strength and a second current stress corresponding to the second compressive strength;
verifying the first pressurization amount according to the first current stress;
verifying the second pressurization amount according to the second current stress;
and if the first pressurization amount and the second pressurization amount both meet preset requirements, determining a pressure range corresponding to the concrete according to the first pressurization amount and the second pressurization amount.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the controlling the sensor structure to determine a first current stress corresponding to the first compressive strength and a second current stress corresponding to the second compressive strength comprises:
controlling the sensor structure to obtain a relation curve between the compressive strength and the pre-compressive stress corresponding to the concrete according to the first compressive strength, the first compressive amount, the second compressive strength and the second compressive amount;
and determining a first current stress corresponding to the first compressive strength and a second current stress corresponding to the second compressive strength according to the relation curve.
9. The method for determining the optimal pressure range of the compression casting of the common or solid waste concrete according to claim 2, wherein the determining of the strength information and the pressurization information corresponding to the concrete comprises:
determining the mixing ratio parameters of coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, cement and water and the performance parameters of the coarse aggregate;
and preparing concrete according to the mixing proportion parameters and the performance parameters to obtain the initial strength corresponding to the concrete, and determining the preset strength corresponding to the concrete according to the initial strength.
10. The method for determining the optimal pressure range for compression casting of ordinary or solid waste concrete according to claim 7, wherein the connection structure comprises:
a lower base plate, the mold structure is detachably connected with the lower base plate
A plurality of high-strength screws arranged on the lower bottom plate,
the top plate is connected with the high-strength screw rod;
the pressurization structure includes:
the high-pressure jack is arranged on the top plate;
the compression bar is connected to the tail end of the high-pressure jack;
the pressure head is arranged at the tail end of the pressure rod;
wherein the axis of the compression bar is superposed with the central line of the mould structure.
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