CN115446339B - Indexable turning blade - Google Patents
Indexable turning blade Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN115446339B CN115446339B CN202211196830.7A CN202211196830A CN115446339B CN 115446339 B CN115446339 B CN 115446339B CN 202211196830 A CN202211196830 A CN 202211196830A CN 115446339 B CN115446339 B CN 115446339B
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- cutting edge
- main cutting
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- chip
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- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 318
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002173 cutting fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
- B23B27/14—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material
- B23B27/16—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material with exchangeable cutting bits or cutting inserts, e.g. able to be clamped
- B23B27/1603—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material with exchangeable cutting bits or cutting inserts, e.g. able to be clamped with specially shaped plate-like exchangeable cutting inserts, e.g. chip-breaking groove
- B23B27/1607—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material with exchangeable cutting bits or cutting inserts, e.g. able to be clamped with specially shaped plate-like exchangeable cutting inserts, e.g. chip-breaking groove characterised by having chip-breakers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
- B23B27/22—Cutting tools with chip-breaking equipment
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Cutting Tools, Boring Holders, And Turrets (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an indexable turning blade, which comprises a blade body, wherein two main cutting edges are formed by intersecting a side surface with an upper surface, an arc cutting edge is formed by intersecting a cylindrical surface with the upper surface, main cutting edge chip breakers and arc chip breakers are respectively arranged on the upper surface corresponding to the main cutting edges and the arc cutting edges, the arc chip breakers corresponding to the arc cutting edges are in smooth tangent connection with the two main cutting edge chip breakers corresponding to the two main cutting edges adjacent to the arc cutting edge to form a smooth chip breaker unit, at least two water-drop-shaped empty-prevention grooves are formed at the bottom of the chip breaker unit along the extending direction of the main cutting edge from the angular symmetrical plane position of the arc cutting edge, at least two water-drop-shaped chip control convex parts distributed along the extending direction of the main cutting edge are arranged at the bottom of the main cutting edge chip breaker, and the chip control convex parts and the empty-prevention grooves in the main cutting edge chip breakers are alternately arranged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention mainly relates to the field of metal cutting machining, in particular to an indexable turning insert.
Background
The application of difficult-to-machine materials represented by high-temperature alloys is more and more widespread, and the high-temperature alloys have the characteristics of low heat conductivity, high-temperature chemical activity, small elastic modulus and the like, and are characterized by large cutting force, high cutting temperature, large work hardening tendency, serious tool wear, poor chip breaking effect and the like in the cutting process, so that the high-temperature alloys are one of typical difficult-to-machine materials.
The abrasion mode of the turning blade when processing difficult-to-process materials such as high-temperature alloy is mainly characterized by the crater abrasion and boundary abrasion of the rake face, which is mainly caused by the fact that the cutting temperature of the rake face is too high due to the fact that the cutting chip is easy to stick to the cutter, and the materials are easy to harden in the processing process. In order to further improve the life and machining stability of the insert, there is a need for a turning insert that is excellent in chip control and that can effectively reduce the cutting heat and that combines the edge robustness and sharpness of the cutting edge.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of overcoming the defects of the prior art and providing the indexable turning insert which has excellent chip control performance, can effectively reduce cutting heat and has stable and firm cutting edge.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides an indexable turning blade, includes the blade body, the blade body includes upper surface, lower surface and connects a plurality of sides of upper surface, lower surface, adjacent two connect through the face of cylinder between the side and form the knife tip apex angle, the side intersects with the upper surface and forms two main cutting edges, the face of cylinder intersects with the upper surface and forms circular arc cutting edge, correspond main cutting edge, circular arc cutting edge on the upper surface and be equipped with main cutting edge chip breaker and circular arc chip breaker respectively, circular arc chip breaker that circular arc cutting edge corresponds and two main cutting edge chip breakers that two main cutting edges adjacent to this circular arc cutting edge are smooth tangent the linking formation smooth chip breaker unit, chip breaker unit bottom is from the angular symmetry plane division position of circular arc cutting edge is followed the extension direction of main cutting edge has set up two at least water droplet shape and has kept away empty recess, main cutting edge chip breaker bottom is provided with along the extension direction of main cutting edge and distributes two water droplet shape chip control protruding parts, just in the main cutting edge chip breaker and keeps away empty recess interval arrangement.
As a further improvement of the above technical scheme:
the arc chip breaker groove comprises an arc rake face and an arc curved surface groove which are sequentially arranged from the arc cutting edge to the direction of the central hole of the blade body, and a wedge-shaped chip control boss is arranged in the arc curved surface groove.
The upper surface is closely adjacent to the main cutting edge and the circular arc cutting edge and is respectively provided with a main cutting edge band and a circular arc cutting edge band, the main cutting edge band is connected with the circular arc cutting edge band in a smooth manner, the horizontal widths of the main cutting edge band and the circular arc cutting edge band are the same and Wr, and the requirements are satisfied: the included angles between the plane of the arc cutting edge band and the plane of the main cutting edge band and the upper surface are gamma 1 and gamma 2 respectively, and the included angles are as follows: the angle of the gamma 1 is more than or equal to 16 degrees and more than or equal to 6 degrees, the angle of the gamma 2 is more than or equal to 14 degrees and more than or equal to 4 degrees, and the angle of the gamma 1-gamma 2 is more than or equal to 4 degrees and more than or equal to 2 degrees.
The effective width of the rake face of the circular arc cutting edge is W1, and the effective width of the rake face of the main cutting edge adjacent to the circular arc cutting edge is W2, which should satisfy: the angle alpha 1 is formed between the rake face and the upper surface of the circular cutting edge, the angle alpha 2 is formed between the rake face and the upper surface of the main cutting edge adjacent to the circular cutting edge, and the angle alpha 2 is satisfied: the angle of the alpha 1 is more than or equal to 25 degrees and more than or equal to 18 degrees, the angle of the alpha 2 is more than or equal to 23 degrees and more than or equal to 15 degrees, and the angle of the alpha 1-alpha 2 is more than or equal to 4 degrees and more than or equal to 2 degrees.
The upper surface and the lower surface have the same and symmetrical structures, the main cutting edge, the circular arc cutting edge and the chip breaker groove unit are symmetrical about the angular bisector of the tip apex angle of the blade body, the chip control protruding part and the clearance groove in the chip breaker groove unit are symmetrical about the angular bisector of the tip apex angle of the blade body, and the chip control boss is symmetrical about the angular bisector of the tip apex angle of the blade body.
At least three clearance grooves are arranged in the arc chip breaker of any chip breaker unit, the arrangement direction of each clearance groove and the adjacent main cutting edge form an included angle beta, and each clearance groove gradually increases towards the tail end direction of the arc cutting edge from the angle bisection surface position of the tip apex angle, and the following conditions are satisfied: the setting direction of the clearance grooves in the main cutting edge chip breaker groove and the adjacent main cutting edge form an included angle epsilon, and each clearance groove gradually increases from the arc cutting edge to the main cutting edge direction epsilon, and the clearance grooves meet the following conditions: 90 DEG-epsilon is more than or equal to 45 deg.
The setting direction of accuse bits bellying becomes contained angle k with adjacent main cutting edge, and each accuse bits bellying is along circular arc cutting edge to main cutting edge direction k increase gradually to satisfy: the angle k is more than or equal to 90 degrees and more than or equal to 45 degrees.
The minimum vertical distance between the front end and the rear end of the clearance groove in the main cutting edge chip breaker groove and the corresponding main cutting edge is P, Q respectively, and the following conditions are satisfied: the minimum distances between the front end and the rear end of the clearance groove in the arc chip breaker groove and the corresponding arc cutting edge are T, U respectively, and the minimum distances are satisfied: on a plane section along the setting direction of the clearance groove and perpendicular to the upper surface, the contour line of the clearance groove is formed by connecting a straight line with a concave circular arc in a tangent manner, the length of a straight line section of the section contour line of the clearance groove in the main cutting edge chip breaking groove is Wb and an included angle alpha 4 formed by the straight line section contour line and the upper surface, the radius of the concave circular arc is Rc, the perpendicular distance between the bottom point of the concave circular arc Rc and the main cutting edge is h3, and the requirements are met: the method comprises the following steps that Wb is more than or equal to 0.5mm and more than or equal to 0.25mm, alpha 4 is more than or equal to 30 degrees and more than or equal to 20 degrees, rc is more than or equal to 0.25mm, h3 is more than or equal to 0.35mm and more than or equal to 0.15mm, the length of a straight line segment of a section profile line of a clearance groove in the arc chip breaker groove is Wc and an included angle formed by the straight line segment and the upper surface is alpha 5, the radius of a concave arc is Rd, the vertical distance between the bottom point of the concave arc Rd and an arc cutting edge is h4, and the following conditions are satisfied: 0.35mm or more, wc or more, 0.1mm or more, 35 DEG or more, alpha 4 or more, 25 DEG or more, 0.5mm or more, rd or more, 0.25mm or more, 0.27mm or more, h4 or more, 0.15mm or more.
The minimum vertical distance between the front end and the rear end of the chip control protruding part in the main cutting edge chip breaker groove and the corresponding main cutting edge is L, D respectively, and the following conditions are satisfied: the length of the straight line segment is Wa, an included angle formed by the straight line segment and the upper surface is alpha 3, the radius of the concave arc is Ra, the radius of the convex arc is Rb, the vertical distance between the bottom point of the concave arc Ra and the main cutting edge is h1, the vertical distance between the bottom point of the concave arc Ra and the vertex of the convex arc Rb is h2, and the following conditions are satisfied: rb > Ra,0.8mm > Wa > 0.25mm,15 DEG > α3 > 10 DEG, α2 > α3,1.5mm > Ra > 0.5mm,2.5mm > Rb > 1.0mm,0.15mm > h1 > 0.05mm,0.17mm > h2 > 0.05mm, the distance between the front ends of adjacent chip control protrusions in the main cutting edge chip breaking groove is S, and the following conditions are satisfied: the vertical distance between the front end of the first chip control convex part, which is close to the circular arc cutting edge, along the main cutting edge direction and the intersection of the circular arc cutting edge and the main cutting edge is Sa, and the following requirements are met: sa is more than or equal to 0.35mm and is more than or equal to 0.15mm.
The main cutting edge chip breaker groove comprises a main cutting edge rake face and a main cutting edge curved surface groove which are sequentially arranged from the main cutting edge to the direction of a central hole of the blade body, a plane perpendicular to the main cutting edge is taken as a vertical section, and on the vertical section, the contour line of the main cutting edge chip breaker groove is formed by connecting a straight line with a concave arc curve in a tangent mode, wherein the straight line section is the contour line of the main cutting edge rake face, the concave arc curve is the contour line of the main cutting edge curved surface groove, and the curvature radius Ri of each point on the concave arc curve is gradually increased in the direction from the main cutting edge to the central hole of the blade body and meets the following conditions: ri is more than or equal to 5.0mm and is more than or equal to 0.35mm.
The curvature radius Rh of the lowest point of the concave arc curve profile line formed by the main cutting edge curved surface groove on each vertical section gradually increases in the direction from the arc cutting edge to the main cutting edge.
The chip control boss is symmetrical about an angular bisector of the tip apex angle of the blade body, and the distance between the front end of the chip control boss and the arc cutting edge is H in the direction of the angular bisector of the tip apex angle, and meets the following conditions: the maximum width of the chip control boss is Wd, and the chip control boss is more than or equal to 2.0mm and more than or equal to 0.8mm, and meets the following conditions: 1.2mm is more than or equal to Wd is more than or equal to 0.5mm, the angular bisection surface of the tip apex angle is taken as a cross section, the contour line of the chip control boss in the cross section is a convex arc curve, the radius of the convex arc curve is Re, the vertical distance between the apex of the convex arc curve and the arc cutting edge is h5, and the following conditions are satisfied: re is more than or equal to 2.5mm and more than or equal to 1.5mm, h5 is more than or equal to 0.15mm and more than or equal to 0.1mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
the indexable turning blade of the invention is characterized in that a main cutting edge chip breaker groove and an arc chip breaker groove are respectively arranged on the upper surface corresponding to a main cutting edge and an arc cutting edge, the arc chip breaker groove corresponding to the arc cutting edge and the two main cutting edge chip breakers corresponding to two main cutting edges adjacent to the arc cutting edge are in smooth tangent connection to form a smooth chip breaker groove unit, at least two water drop-shaped empty-prevention grooves are arranged at the bottom of the chip breaker groove unit along the extending direction of the main cutting edge from the angular symmetrical plane position of the arc cutting edge, at least two water drop-shaped chip control convex parts distributed along the extending direction of the main cutting edge are arranged at the bottom of the main cutting edge chip breaker groove, the chip control convex parts in the main cutting edge chip breaker groove are alternately arranged with the empty-prevention grooves, a plurality of water drop-shaped chip control convex parts are arranged to lift chips generated by the main cutting edge and the arc cutting edge and guide the chips to curl and flow, the cutting heat is reduced by reducing the extrusion resistance between the cutting chip and the chip control convex part, the contact area between the cutting chip and the front cutter surface can be reduced by arranging the plurality of water drop-shaped clearance grooves so as to maximally reduce the friction resistance between the cutting chip and the front cutter surface under different cutting depth parameters, and the clearance and heat dissipation effects are realized, so that the service life of the blade is prolonged, the chip control convex part in the main cutting edge chip breaker groove is alternately arranged with the clearance groove, the chip control convex part lifts the cutting chip and the clearance groove further reduces the contact area between the cutting chip and the front cutter surface, the heat dissipation performance of the indexable turning blade is improved, and particularly, under the processing environment with cutting liquid wet cutting, the chip breaker groove can contain more cutting liquid so as to fully contact the cutting liquid with the cutting chip of a workpiece and the front cutter surface of the blade, the cutting heat is reduced and the friction force between the cutting chip and the front cutter surface is reduced, thereby further slowing down the abrasion of the front cutter surface of the blade and prolonging the service life of the blade.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of an indexable turning insert according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a front view of an indexable turning insert of the invention.
Fig. 3 is an enlarged view at a in fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is an enlarged view at a in fig. 2.
Fig. 5 is an enlarged view at a in fig. 2.
Fig. 6 is a sectional view of P-P (sectional view of the arc breaker groove) in fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is a K-K cross-sectional view (a cross-sectional view of the main cutting edge chip breaker) in fig. 5.
Fig. 8 is an N-N cross-sectional view (cross-sectional view of the chip-controlling protrusions) in fig. 5.
Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view of M-M in fig. 5 (cross-sectional view of the clearance groove).
Fig. 10 is a sectional view H-H (a sectional view of the chip control boss) of fig. 5.
The reference numerals in the drawings denote:
1. a blade body; 2. a central bore; 3. an upper surface; 4. a lower surface; 5. a side surface; 6. a cylindrical surface; 7. a main cutting edge; 8. an arc cutting edge; 9. a main cutting edge chip breaker; 91. a main cutting edge rake surface; 92. a main cutting edge curved surface groove; 10. arc chip breaker; 101. a circular arc rake face; 102. arc curved surface groove; 11. a clearance groove; 12. chip control protruding parts; 13. a main cutting edge belt; 14. arc cutting margin; 15. chip control boss.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and the specific examples.
Fig. 1 to 10 show an embodiment of an indexable turning insert of the present invention, the indexable turning insert of the embodiment comprises an insert body 1, the insert body 1 comprises an upper surface 3, a lower surface 4 and a plurality of side surfaces 5 connecting the upper surface 3 and the lower surface 4, a tip apex angle is formed between two adjacent side surfaces 5 by connecting a cylindrical surface 6, the side surfaces 5 intersect the upper surface 3 to form two main cutting edges 7, the cylindrical surface 6 intersects the upper surface 3 to form an arc cutting edge 8, the main cutting edge 7 and the arc cutting edge 8 are respectively provided with a main cutting edge chip breaker 9 and an arc chip breaker 10 on the upper surface 3, the arc chip breaker 10 corresponding to the arc cutting edge 8 is connected with the two main cutting edge chip breakers 9 corresponding to the two main cutting edges 7 adjacent to the arc cutting edge 8 in a smooth tangent manner to form a chip breaker unit, at least two water drop-shaped clearance grooves 11 are arranged at the bottom of the chip breaker unit along the extending direction of the main cutting edge 7 from the angular symmetrical plane position of the circular arc cutting edge 8, at least two water drop-shaped chip control convex parts 12 distributed along the extending direction of the main cutting edge 7 are arranged at the bottom of the main cutting edge chip breaker 9, the chip control convex parts 12 in the main cutting edge chip breaker 9 are alternately arranged with the clearance grooves 11, a plurality of water drop-shaped chip control convex parts 12 are arranged to lift and guide the chips generated by the main cutting edge 7 and the circular arc cutting edge 8 to curl and flow, the extrusion resistance between the chips and the chip control convex parts 12 is reduced, the cutting heat is reduced, a plurality of water drop-shaped clearance grooves 11 are arranged to reduce the contact area between the chips and the front cutter surface so as to maximally reduce the friction resistance between the chips and the front cutter surface under different cutting depth parameters, and play roles of clearance and heat dissipation are played, thereby the service life of the blade is prolonged, the chip control convex parts 12 in the main cutting edge chip breaker groove 9 are arranged with the clearance grooves 11 at intervals, the chip control convex parts 12 lift the chips, and the clearance grooves 11 further reduce the contact area of the chips and the rake face, so that the heat dissipation performance of the indexable turning insert is improved, and particularly, the insert chip breaker groove can contain more cutting fluid to fully contact the cutting fluid with the chips of a workpiece and the rake face of the insert in a machining environment with wet cutting of the cutting fluid, thereby being beneficial to reducing the cutting heat and reducing the friction force of the chips and the rake face, further slowing down the abrasion of the rake face of the insert and prolonging the service life of the indexable turning insert.
In this embodiment, the arc chip breaker 10 includes an arc rake surface 101 and an arc curved surface groove 102 sequentially disposed from the arc cutting edge 8 toward the center hole 2 of the blade body 1, and a wedge-shaped chip control boss 15 is disposed in the arc curved surface groove 102, so as to guide chips to flow toward two sides of the blade body 1, rather than toward the center hole 2, and enable the chips to be discharged rapidly and smoothly.
In this embodiment, the upper surface 3 is provided with a main cutting edge band 13 and an arc cutting edge band 14 adjacent to the main cutting edge 7 and the arc cutting edge 8 respectively, the main cutting edge band 13 is connected with the arc cutting edge band 14 smoothly, the horizontal widths of the main cutting edge band 13 and the arc cutting edge band 14 are the same as Wr, and the requirements are satisfied: the included angles between the plane of the arc cutting edge margin 14 and the plane of the main cutting edge margin 13 and the upper surface 3 are gamma 1 and gamma 2 respectively, and the included angles are as follows: the angle of 16 degrees is more than or equal to gamma 1 and more than or equal to 6 degrees, the angle of 14 degrees is more than or equal to gamma 2 and more than or equal to 4 degrees, the angle of 4 degrees is more than or equal to gamma 1-gamma 2 and more than or equal to 2 degrees, the sharpness and the strength of the cutting edge of the blade can be effectively guaranteed, and meanwhile, the edge abrasion resistance of the cutting edge of the blade is further improved.
In this embodiment, the effective width of the rake surface of the circular cutting edge 8 is W1, and the effective width of the rake surface of the main cutting edge 7 adjacent to the circular cutting edge 8 is W2, which should satisfy: 0.5mm is greater than or equal to W1 is greater than or equal to 0.15mm,0.7mm is greater than or equal to W2 is greater than or equal to 0.2mm, W2 is greater than W1, W2 gradually increases from the circular cutting edge 8 to the main cutting edge 7, an included angle alpha 1 is formed between the rake face of the circular cutting edge 8 and the upper surface 3, and an included angle alpha 2 is formed between the rake face of the main cutting edge 7 adjacent to the circular cutting edge 8 and the upper surface 3, wherein the included angle is satisfied: the cutting force generated by the blade is effectively reduced, the cutting stability of the blade is further improved, the blade can meet the processing requirement of larger cutting parameters, in the embodiment, W1=0.35 mm, W2=0.5 mm, α1=21 DEG and α2=18 DEG.
In this embodiment, the upper surface 3 and the lower surface 4 have the same and symmetrical structure, the main cutting edge 7, the circular arc cutting edge 8 and the chip breaker unit are symmetrical about the angular bisector of the tip apex angle of the blade body 1, the chip control convex part 12 and the clearance groove 11 in the chip breaker unit are symmetrical about the angular bisector of the tip apex angle of the blade body 1, the chip control boss 15 is symmetrical about the angular bisector of the tip apex angle of the blade body 1, the utilization efficiency of the blade is improved, and each cutting edge has a cutting performance which is more similar.
In this embodiment, three clearance grooves 11 are provided in the arc breaker groove 10 of the breaker groove unit, and the setting direction of the clearance grooves 11 and the adjacent main cutting edge 7 form an included angle β, each clearance groove 11 gradually increases from the angular bisection plane position of the tip apex angle to the direction β of the end of the arc cutting edge 8, and satisfies: 50 DEG is more than or equal to beta is more than or equal to 17.5 DEG, as shown in fig. 3, one clearance groove 11 is arranged on an angular bisector of the tip apex angle, two sides of the clearance groove 11 are symmetrically provided with one clearance groove 11 respectively, and included angles beta formed by the clearance groove and the main cutting edge 7 are respectively beta 1 and beta 2, in the embodiment, beta 1 = 40 DEG and beta 2 = 47 DEG, the arrangement direction of the clearance groove 11 in the main cutting edge chip breaker 9 forms an included angle epsilon with the adjacent main cutting edge 7, and each clearance groove 11 gradually increases epsilon in the direction from the circular arc cutting edge 8 to the main cutting edge 7, and the following conditions are satisfied: 90 ∈45 is not less than, as shown in fig. 3, the clearance groove 11 in the main cutting edge chip breaker 9 is set to two, and the contained angle that forms with adjacent main cutting edge 7 is epsilon 1 respectively, epsilon 2, in this embodiment, epsilon 1=73 °, epsilon 2=75, through above-mentioned setting, can effectively reduce the area of contact of smear metal and preceding sword face and the frictional resistance that the maximize takes place between smear metal and the preceding sword face under different tangential parameters, play antifriction, clearance and heat dissipation effect, thereby improve to the life of piece, the setting direction of clearance groove 11 in this application is the projection line direction of central axis projection in upper surface 3 of clearance groove 11.
In this embodiment, the arrangement direction of the chip control convex portions 12 forms an included angle k with the adjacent main cutting edge 7, and each chip control convex portion 12 gradually increases in the direction k from the circular arc cutting edge 8 to the main cutting edge 7, and satisfies: through the arrangement, the cutting parameters of the blade, which are suitable for different cutting depths, can accurately control the chip, wherein the arrangement direction of the chip control protruding part 12 refers to the projection line direction of the central axis of the chip control protruding part 12 projected on the upper surface 3, in the embodiment, three chip control protruding parts 12 are arranged in the main cutting edge chip breaking groove 9, the included angles formed by the three chip control protruding parts and the adjacent main cutting edge 7 are k1, k2 and k3 respectively, in the embodiment, k1=50 °, k1=70 ° and k1=75 °.
In this embodiment, the minimum vertical distances between the front end and the rear end of the clearance groove 11 in the main cutting edge chip breaker 9 and the corresponding main cutting edge 7 are P, Q respectively, and satisfy: the minimum distances between the front end and the rear end of the clearance groove 11 in the arc chip breaker groove 10 and the corresponding arc cutting edge 8 are T, U respectively, and the minimum distances are satisfied: in the embodiment, the minimum vertical distances between the front ends of the two clearance grooves 11 in the main cutting edge chip breaker groove 9 and the corresponding main cutting edge 7 are respectively P1 and P2, P1=0.3 mm, P2=0.3 mm, the minimum vertical distances between the rear ends and the corresponding main cutting edge 7 are respectively Q1 and Q2, Q1=1.0 mm, Q2=0.9 mm, the minimum vertical distances between the front ends of the three clearance grooves 11 in the circular arc chip breaker groove 10 and the corresponding main cutting edge 7 are respectively T1 and T2 (wherein the two clearance grooves 11 correspond to T2), the minimum vertical distance between the rear end and the corresponding main cutting edge 7 is U1, U2 (wherein two clearance grooves 11 correspond to U2), t1=0.27 mm, t2=0.32 mm, u1=0.6 mm, u2=0.7 mm, on the plane section along the setting direction of the clearance groove 11 and perpendicular to the upper surface, the contour line of the clearance groove 11 is formed by connecting a straight line with a concave arc in a tangent manner, the length of the straight line segment of the section contour line of the clearance groove 11 in the main cutting edge chip breaker groove 9 is Wb and an included angle alpha 4 formed with the upper surface, the radius of the concave arc is Rc, the vertical distance between the bottom point of the concave arc Rc and the main cutting edge is h3, and the following conditions are satisfied: the length of a straight line segment of a section outline line of the clearance groove 11 in the arc chip breaker groove 10 is Wc, an included angle formed by the straight line segment and the upper surface is alpha 5, the radius of a concave arc is Rd, the vertical distance between the bottom point of the concave arc Rd and the arc cutting edge 8 is h5, and the following conditions are satisfied: through the arrangement, the contact area of chips and a rake face can be reduced, friction resistance is reduced, clearance is avoided, heat dissipation is enhanced, the strength of the rake face of the blade is improved, and the occurrence of crater wear of the rake face during cutting processing is facilitated to be slowed down, so that the cutting life of the blade is prolonged.
In this embodiment, the minimum vertical distances between the front end and the rear end of the chip control protrusion 12 in the main cutting edge chip breaker 9 and the corresponding main cutting edge 7 are L, D respectively, and satisfy: the length of the straight line segment is Wa, an included angle formed by the straight line segment and the upper surface is alpha 3, the radius of the concave arc is Ra, the radius of the convex arc is Rb, the perpendicular distance between the bottom point of the concave arc Ra and the main cutting edge is h1, the perpendicular distance between the bottom point of the concave arc Ra and the vertex of the convex arc Rb is h2, and the following conditions are satisfied: rb > Ra,0.8mm > Wa > 0.25mm,15 DEG > α3 > 10 DEG, α2 > α3,1.5mm > Ra > 0.5mm,2.5mm > Rb > 1.0mm,0.15mm > h1 > 0.05mm,0.17mm > h2 > 0.05mm, and the distance between the front ends of adjacent chip control protrusions 12 in the main cutting edge chip breaker groove 9 is S, and satisfies: the vertical distance between the front end of the first chip control convex part 12, which is close to the circular arc cutting edge 8, along the direction of the main cutting edge 7 and the intersection of the circular arc cutting edge 8 and the main cutting edge 7 is Sa, and the following conditions are satisfied: through the arrangement, the chip control protrusion of the structure can further reduce extrusion resistance between the chip and the chip control protrusion while guiding the chip to perform curling flow, so that the extrusion caused by the contact of the chip and the chip control protrusion is effectively slowed down, and cutting force and cutting heat increase are caused, in the embodiment, wa=0.25 mm, α3=12°, ra=0.8 mm, rb=1.4 mm, h1=0.1 mm, h2=0.08 mm, S1=1.5 mm, S2=1.3 mm and Sa=0.24 mm.
In this embodiment, the main cutting edge chip breaker 9 includes a main cutting edge rake surface 91 and a main cutting edge curved surface groove 92 sequentially disposed from the main cutting edge 7 toward the center hole 2 of the insert body 1, and a plane perpendicular to the main cutting edge 7 is taken as a vertical section, and on the vertical section, the contour line of the main cutting edge chip breaker 9 is formed by connecting a straight line and a concave arc curve in a tangent manner, wherein the straight line is the contour line of the main cutting edge rake surface 91, the concave arc curve is the contour line of the main cutting edge curved surface groove 92, the curvature radius Ri of each point on the concave arc curve gradually increases in the direction from the main cutting edge 7 toward the center hole 2 of the insert body 1, the curved surface groove 92 of the main cutting edge chip breaker 9 is a three-dimensional curved surface with variable curvature, and the curvature radius Ri (R1, … …, rn) of each point on the concave arc curve gradually increases in the direction from the main cutting edge 7 toward the center hole 2 of the insert body 1, so that chips can be smoothly discharged.
In the present embodiment, the curvature radius Rh of the lowest point of the concave arc curve profile line formed by the main cutting edge curved surface groove 92 on each vertical section gradually increases in the direction from the circular arc cutting edge 8 to the main cutting edge 7, and satisfies: and the Rh is more than or equal to 5.0mm and more than or equal to 0.35mm, so that the chip containing space of the chip breaker can be increased while the composite curling of the chips can be effectively guided under the condition of large cutting parameters, the chips can flow in the chip breaker rapidly, and the chips are not easy to be extruded in the chip breaker to cause the rapid increase of the cutting temperature, so that the cutting temperature is reduced and the service life of a blade is prolonged.
In this embodiment, the chip control boss 15 is symmetrical about an angular bisector of the tip apex angle of the insert body 1, and in the direction of the angular bisector of the tip apex angle, the distance between the front end of the chip control boss 15 and the circular arc cutting edge 8 is H, and satisfies: the maximum width of the chip control boss 15 is Wd, and the chip control boss is more than or equal to 2.0mm and more than or equal to H and more than or equal to 0.8mm, and meets the following conditions: 1.2mm is more than or equal to Wd is more than or equal to 0.5mm, an angular bisection surface of a tip apex angle is taken as a cross section, a contour line of the chip control boss 15 in the cross section is a convex arc curve, the radius of the convex arc curve is Re, the vertical distance between the apex of the convex arc curve and the arc cutting edge 8 is h5, and the following conditions are satisfied: through the arrangement, when the cutting insert is used for cutting, the cutting insert is beneficial to guiding the curled flow of the cutting chip in the chip breaker groove, and simultaneously, the cutting temperature is too high due to extrusion and blockage of the cutting chip in the chip breaker groove, wherein Re is more than or equal to 2.5mm and is more than or equal to 1.5mm, and h5 is more than or equal to 0.1mm. In this example, h=1.1 mm, wd=0.8 mm, re=2.0 mm, h5=0.15 mm.
While the invention has been described in terms of preferred embodiments, it is not intended to be limiting. Many possible variations and modifications of the disclosed technology can be made by anyone skilled in the art, or equivalent embodiments with equivalent variations can be made, without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent variation and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical substance of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. The utility model provides an indexable turning blade, includes blade body (1), and blade body (1) include upper surface (3), lower surface (4) and connect a plurality of sides (5) of upper surface (3), lower surface (4), adjacent two connect through cylindrical surface (6) between side (5) and form the knife tip apex angle, side (5) and upper surface (3) intersect and form two main cutting edges (7), cylindrical surface (6) and upper surface (3) intersect and form circular arc cutting edge (8), its characterized in that: corresponding main cutting edge (7), circular arc cutting edge (8) are equipped with main cutting edge chip breaker (9) and circular arc chip breaker (10) on upper surface (3) respectively, circular arc chip breaker (10) that circular arc cutting edge (8) correspond with two main cutting edge chip breaker (9) that two main cutting edges (7) adjacent this circular arc cutting edge (8) correspond are smooth tangent to link up and form smooth chip breaker unit, chip breaker unit bottom is from the angular symmetry plane position of circular arc cutting edge (8) beginning along the extension direction of main cutting edge (7) has set up at least two water droplet shape clearance recess (11), main cutting edge chip breaker (9) bottom is provided with at least two water droplet shape accuse bits bellying (12) that are distributed along the extension direction of main cutting edge (7), just accuse bits bellying (12) in main cutting edge chip breaker (9) are arranged with keeping away clearance recess (11) interval, keeping away between the front end, rear end and the corresponding minimum (527) of recess (11) in main cutting edge chip breaker (9) and satisfy respectively that the distance is P, Q perpendicularly: the minimum distances between the front end and the rear end of the clearance groove (11) in the arc chip breaker groove (10) and the corresponding arc cutting edge (8) are T, U respectively, and the minimum distances are satisfied: on a plane section along the setting direction of the clearance groove (11) and perpendicular to the upper surface, the contour line of the clearance groove (11) is formed by connecting a straight line with a concave circular arc in a tangent manner, the length of a straight line section of the section contour line of the clearance groove (11) in the main cutting edge chip breaker groove (9) is Wb and an included angle alpha 4 formed by the straight line section length and the upper surface, the radius of the concave circular arc is Rc, the perpendicular distance between the Rc bottom point of the concave circular arc and the main cutting edge is h3, and the following conditions are satisfied: 0.5mm is more than or equal to Wb is more than or equal to 0.25mm,30 degrees is more than or equal to alpha 4 is more than or equal to 20 degrees, 0.6mm is more than or equal to Rc is more than or equal to 0.25mm,0.35mm is more than or equal to h3 is more than or equal to 0.15mm, the length of a straight line segment of a section profile line of a clearance groove (11) in the arc chip breaker groove (10) is Wc and an included angle formed by the straight line segment and the upper surface is alpha 5, the radius of a concave arc is Rd, the vertical distance between the bottom point of the concave arc Rd and an arc cutting edge (8) is h4, and the following conditions are satisfied: 0.35mm or more, wc or more, 0.1mm or more, 35 DEG or more, alpha 4 or more, 25 DEG or more, 0.5mm or more, rd or more, 0.25mm or more, 0.27mm or more, h4 or more, 0.15mm or more.
2. Indexable turning insert according to claim 1, characterized in that: the arc chip breaker groove (10) comprises an arc rake face (101) and an arc curved surface groove (102) which are sequentially arranged from the arc cutting edge (8) to the direction of the central hole (2) of the blade body (1), and a wedge-shaped chip control boss (15) is arranged in the arc curved surface groove (102).
3. Indexable turning insert according to claim 1, characterized in that: the upper surface (3) is closely adjacent to the main cutting edge (7) and the circular arc cutting edge (8) and is respectively provided with a main cutting edge band (13) and a circular arc cutting edge band (14), the main cutting edge band (13) is connected with the circular arc cutting edge band (14) in a smooth manner, the horizontal widths of the main cutting edge band (13) and the circular arc cutting edge band (14) are the same as Wr, and the requirements are satisfied: the included angles between the plane of the arc cutting edge margin (14) and the plane of the main cutting edge margin (13) and the upper surface (3) are gamma 1 and gamma 2 respectively, and the included angles are as follows: the angle of the gamma 1 is more than or equal to 16 degrees and more than or equal to 6 degrees, the angle of the gamma 2 is more than or equal to 14 degrees and more than or equal to 4 degrees, and the angle of the gamma 1-gamma 2 is more than or equal to 4 degrees and more than or equal to 2 degrees.
4. Indexable turning insert according to claim 1, characterized in that: the effective width of the rake face of the circular arc cutting edge (8) is W1, and the effective width of the rake face of the main cutting edge (7) adjacent to the circular arc cutting edge (8) is W2, which is satisfied: 0.5mm is more than or equal to W1 is more than or equal to 0.15mm,0.7mm is more than or equal to W2 is more than or equal to 0.2mm, W2 is more than W1, W2 gradually increases from the circular cutting edge (8) to the main cutting edge (7), an included angle alpha 1 is formed between the rake face of the circular cutting edge (8) and the upper surface (3), and an included angle alpha 2 is formed between the rake face of the main cutting edge (7) adjacent to the circular cutting edge (8) and the upper surface (3), so that the following conditions are satisfied: the angle of the alpha 1 is more than or equal to 25 degrees and more than or equal to 18 degrees, the angle of the alpha 2 is more than or equal to 23 degrees and more than or equal to 15 degrees, and the angle of the alpha 1-alpha 2 is more than or equal to 4 degrees and more than or equal to 2 degrees.
5. Indexable turning insert according to claim 2, characterized in that: the upper surface (3) and the lower surface (4) have the same and symmetrical structure, the main cutting edge (7), the circular arc cutting edge (8) and the chip breaker unit are symmetrical about the angle bisector of the tip apex angle of the blade body (1), the chip control protruding part (12) and the clearance groove (11) in the chip breaker unit are symmetrical about the angle bisector of the tip apex angle of the blade body (1), and the chip control boss (15) is symmetrical about the angle bisector of the tip apex angle of the blade body (1).
6. Indexable turning insert according to claim 2, characterized in that: at least three clearance grooves (11) are arranged in the arc chip breaker (10) of any chip breaker unit, the arrangement direction of the clearance grooves (11) and the adjacent main cutting edge (7) form an included angle beta, each clearance groove (11) gradually increases towards the end direction beta of the arc cutting edge (8) from the angle bisection surface position of the tip apex angle, and the following conditions are satisfied: the setting direction of the clearance grooves (11) in the main cutting edge chip breaker groove (9) forms an included angle epsilon with the adjacent main cutting edge (7), and each clearance groove (11) gradually increases epsilon from the circular arc cutting edge (8) to the main cutting edge (7) and meets the following conditions: 90 DEG-epsilon is more than or equal to 45 deg.
7. Indexable turning insert according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: the setting direction of accuse bits bellying (12) becomes contained angle k with adjacent main cutting edge (7), and each accuse bits bellying (12) are along circular arc cutting edge (8) to main cutting edge (7) direction k increase gradually to satisfy: the angle k is more than or equal to 90 degrees and more than or equal to 45 degrees.
8. Indexable turning insert according to claim 4, characterized in that: the minimum vertical distances between the front end and the rear end of the chip control protruding part (12) in the main cutting edge chip breaker groove (9) and the corresponding main cutting edge (7) are L, D respectively, and the following conditions are satisfied: the cutting edge control chip is characterized in that L is more than or equal to 0.8mm and is more than or equal to 0.25mm, D is more than or equal to 3.5mm and is more than or equal to 0.8mm, each chip control protruding part (12) is gradually increased along the direction from the circular arc cutting edge (8) to the main cutting edge (7), on the plane section along the setting direction of the chip control protruding part (12) and perpendicular to the upper surface, the contour line of the chip control protruding part (12) is formed by connecting straight lines, concave arcs and convex arcs in a tangent mode, wherein the length of the straight line section is Wa and an included angle formed by the straight line section and the upper surface is alpha 3, the radius of the concave arcs is Ra, the radius of the convex arcs is Rb, the vertical distance between the bottom point of the concave arcs Ra and the main cutting edge is h1, and the vertical distance between the bottom point of the concave arcs Ra and the top point of the convex arcs Rb is h2, and the requirements are satisfied: rb > Ra,0.8mm > Wa > 0.25mm,15 DEG > α3 > 10 DEG, α2 > α3,1.5mm > Ra > 0.5mm,2.5mm > Rb > 1.0mm,0.15mm > h1 > 0.05mm,0.17mm > h2 > 0.05mm, the distance between the front ends of adjacent chip control protrusions (12) in the main cutting edge chip breaker groove (9) is S, and the following is satisfied: 1.5mm is more than or equal to S is more than or equal to 0.8mm, the vertical distance between the front end of the first chip control protruding part (12) close to the circular arc cutting edge (8) and the intersection of the circular arc cutting edge (8) and the main cutting edge (7) along the direction of the main cutting edge (7) is Sa, and the following conditions are satisfied: sa is more than or equal to 0.35mm and is more than or equal to 0.15mm.
9. Indexable turning insert according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: the main cutting edge chip breaker groove (9) comprises a main cutting edge rake face (91) and a main cutting edge curved surface groove (92) which are sequentially arranged from a main cutting edge (7) to a central hole (2) of the blade body (1), a plane perpendicular to the main cutting edge (7) is a vertical section, and on the vertical section, the contour line of the main cutting edge chip breaker groove (9) is formed by connecting a straight line with a concave arc curve in a tangent manner, wherein the straight line section is the contour line of the main cutting edge rake face (91), the concave arc curve is the contour line of the main cutting edge curved surface groove (92), and the curvature radius Ri of each point on the concave arc curve is gradually increased in the direction from the main cutting edge (7) to the central hole (2) of the blade body (1), and the curvature radius Ri of each point on the concave arc curve is satisfied: ri is more than or equal to 5.0mm and is more than or equal to 0.35mm.
10. The indexable turning insert according to claim 9, wherein: in the direction from the circular arc cutting edge (8) to the main cutting edge (7), the curvature radius Rh of the lowest point of the concave circular arc curve profile line formed by the main cutting edge curved surface groove (92) on each vertical section gradually increases.
11. Indexable turning insert according to claim 2, characterized in that: the chip control boss (15) is symmetrical about an angular bisector of the tip apex angle of the blade body (1), and the distance between the front end of the chip control boss (15) and the circular arc cutting edge (8) is H in the direction of the angular bisector of the tip apex angle, and meets the following requirements: the maximum width of the chip control boss (15) is Wd, and the chip control boss meets the following conditions that H is more than or equal to 2.0mm and more than or equal to 0.8 mm: 1.2mm is more than or equal to Wd is more than or equal to 0.5mm, an angular bisection surface of a tip apex angle is taken as a cross section, a contour line of the chip control boss (15) in the cross section is a convex arc curve, the radius of the convex arc curve is Re, the vertical distance between the apex of the convex arc curve and the arc cutting edge (8) is h5, and the following conditions are satisfied: re is more than or equal to 2.5mm and more than or equal to 1.5mm, h5 is more than or equal to 0.15mm and more than or equal to 0.1mm.
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| CN202211196830.7A CN115446339B (en) | 2022-09-28 | 2022-09-28 | Indexable turning blade |
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| CN202211196830.7A CN115446339B (en) | 2022-09-28 | 2022-09-28 | Indexable turning blade |
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| CN115446339B true CN115446339B (en) | 2024-03-08 |
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