CN112548130A - Turning blade suitable for processing difficult-to-process material - Google Patents
Turning blade suitable for processing difficult-to-process material Download PDFInfo
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- CN112548130A CN112548130A CN202011403758.1A CN202011403758A CN112548130A CN 112548130 A CN112548130 A CN 112548130A CN 202011403758 A CN202011403758 A CN 202011403758A CN 112548130 A CN112548130 A CN 112548130A
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- cutting edge
- rake
- main cutting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
- B23B27/005—Geometry of the chip-forming or the clearance planes, e.g. tool angles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
- B23B27/14—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material
- B23B27/16—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material with exchangeable cutting bits or cutting inserts, e.g. able to be clamped
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- Cutting Tools, Boring Holders, And Turrets (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及刀具设计技术领域，公开一种适用于难加工材料加工的车削刀片，包括呈多边形结构的刀片本体，其包括上表面、下表面和多个侧表面，任意两个相邻侧表面在相交处由圆弧面过渡，圆弧面与上表面/下表面相交形成圆弧切削刃，侧表面与上表面/下表面相交形成主切削刃；上表面包括从刀片本体定位中心孔处往刀片本体边缘辐射的支撑面，在圆弧切削刃和支撑面之间依次布置的顶部第一前刀面、顶部第二前刀面、顶部切屑引导凸起和顶部挡屑面，在主切削刃和支撑面之间依次布置的侧部第一前刀面、侧部第二前刀面、槽底面和侧部挡屑面，槽底面从圆弧切削刃朝主切削刃方向依次排列有多个呈间隔布置的侧部切屑引导凸起；下表面结构与上表面结构相同。
The invention relates to the technical field of tool design, and discloses a turning insert suitable for machining difficult-to-machine materials, comprising an insert body with a polygonal structure, which includes an upper surface, a lower surface and a plurality of side surfaces, and any two adjacent side surfaces are The intersection is transitioned by an arc surface, the arc surface intersects with the upper surface/lower surface to form a circular arc cutting edge, and the side surface intersects the upper surface/lower surface to form a main cutting edge; the upper surface includes the positioning center hole of the insert body to the insert. The supporting surface radiating from the edge of the body, the top first rake surface, the top second rake surface, the top chip guiding protrusion and the top chip retaining surface are arranged in sequence between the circular arc cutting edge and the supporting surface. The side first rake face, the side second rake face, the groove bottom surface and the side chip retaining surface are arranged in sequence between the supporting surfaces. Spaced side chip-guiding projections; lower surface structure identical to upper surface structure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cutter design, in particular to a turning blade suitable for machining materials difficult to machine.
Background
In the manufacturing of industries such as automobiles, spaceflight, large-scale power stations, ships and warships, materials such as high-temperature alloy, titanium alloy, heat-resistant stainless steel and the like can bear complex stress and can be used at high temperature under rather harsh environment, so the materials are widely applied, but the materials are recognized as difficult-to-machine materials in the industry, and various problems of large cutting force of a cutter, high cutting heat generation, low heat conductivity, large work hardening tendency of workpiece materials, quick abrasion and short service life of the cutter, easy generation of chip build-up, poor surface quality of the workpiece and the like exist when the materials are machined, so that the machining cost is high while the machining efficiency is low. Therefore, how to optimize the geometric parameters of the hard alloy cutter and the chip breaker groove thereof and design the cutter capable of meeting the processing requirements of the difficult-to-process material is a problem to be solved urgently at present.
Chinese patent CN201821054190.5 discloses a cutting blade with a larger turning tool front angle, a wider chip groove and a gentle angle chip-coiling table, which has the advantages of small cutting resistance, low cutting temperature, small tool bonding abrasion, processing under normal pressure cooling, and no need of high pressure cooling to enhance cooling effect, but the blade is difficult to obtain good chip treatment effect under small parameters through practical verification; and because the cutting fluid is cooled at normal pressure, the cutting fluid is not easy to enter the top of the tool tip when the parameters are larger, and the cutting area of the blade cannot be cooled timely and sufficiently, the temperature of the blade is increased finally, and the cutting service life is influenced.
Chinese patent CN201911024526.2 discloses a blade with wedge-shaped chip-breaking portion, protrusion, and chip-breaking convex point designed near the blade tip and cutting edge, these technical features can improve chip coiling and chip removal effects under the working conditions of finish turning and semi-finish machining, and can meet the requirement of high-temperature alloy turning to a certain extent, but the blade is easy to excessively break chips in the semi-finish machining with large parameters, thereby generating large cutting resistance and cutting temperature, and greatly reducing the service life of the blade.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a turning insert which has excellent cutting performance and is suitable for machining difficult-to-machine materials.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a turning blade suitable for processing difficult-to-machine materials comprises a blade body in a polygonal structure, wherein the blade body comprises an upper surface, a lower surface and a plurality of side surfaces, any two adjacent side surfaces are transited by an arc surface at an intersection, the arc surface and the upper surface/the lower surface are intersected to form an arc cutting edge, and the side surfaces and the upper surface/the lower surface are intersected to form a main cutting edge;
the upper surface comprises a supporting surface radiating from a positioning central hole of the blade body to the edge of the blade body, a top first rake surface, a top second rake surface, a top chip guide bulge and a top chip blocking surface which are sequentially arranged between the arc cutting edge and the supporting surface, a side first rake surface, a side second rake surface, a groove bottom surface and a side chip blocking surface which are sequentially arranged between the main cutting edge and the supporting surface, and a plurality of side chip guide bulges which are arranged at intervals are sequentially arranged on the groove bottom surface from the arc cutting edge to the main cutting edge;
the lower surface structure is the same as the upper surface structure.
Furthermore, the side chip blocking surfaces comprise a first side chip blocking surface close to the supporting surface and a second side chip blocking surface far away from the supporting surface, the first side chip blocking surface and the second side chip blocking surface are formed by embedding and separating a cooling liquid guide surface extending from the position close to the arc cutting edge to the direction of the supporting surface, and the cooling liquid guide surface is gradually far away from the bottom surface of the groove in the extending process.
Further, the groove bottom surface is inclined downward in the height direction of the insert body as extending from the circular arc cutting edge toward the main cutting edge.
Further, the vertical distance h1 between the convex ridge line of the side chip guide projection and the circular arc cutting edge in the height direction of the insert body increases in order.
Still further, a perpendicular distance h2 from a convex ridge line of the side chip guide projection to the adjacent groove bottom surface is 0.03mm or more.
Further, the vertical distance H between the highest point of the bottom surface of the groove and the arc cutting edge in the height direction of the blade body is 0.1-0.5 mm.
Furthermore, a first rake angle alpha formed by the top first rake face and the supporting surface is 6-20 degrees, and a second rake angle beta formed by the top second rake face and the supporting surface is 10-25 degrees.
Still further, the main cutting edge is composed of a first main cutting edge close to the arc cutting edge and a second main cutting edge far from the arc cutting edge, a first rake angle formed by the side first rake face and the support surface at the first main cutting edge is equal to a first rake angle alpha formed by the top first rake face and the support surface, a second rake angle formed by the second rake face and the support surface at the first main cutting edge is equal to a second rake angle beta formed by the top second rake face and the support surface, the length S of the first main cutting edge is greater than or equal to 0.2mm, and S is simultaneously less than or equal to 1/2 of the length of the main cutting edge.
Still further, a first rake angle γ formed by the first flank first rake face at the second main cutting edge and the support surface is 3 ° to 15 °, and γ ≦ α, and a second rake angle θ formed by the second flank second rake face at the second main cutting edge and the support surface is 10 ° to 20 °, and θ ≦ β.
Still further, the horizontal width of the circular arc cutting edge is L1, the horizontal width of the main cutting edge is L2, and L1 and L2 satisfy 0.06mm ≦ L1 ≦ L2 ≦ 0.5 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) by designing the chip guide bulges at the top and the chip guide bulges at the side parts and combining the design of the bottom surface of the groove, the turning blade is ensured to have enough chip containing space, and can guide chips to smoothly flow, curl and break and be discharged to the unprocessed surface, so that the contact area of the chips is reduced, and the heat conducted to the turning blade by the chips is further reduced;
2) the combination of the top chip guide bulge, the top chip blocking surface and the side chip blocking surface can lead the chips to be smoothly guided, curled and broken by the top chip guide bulge under small cutting parameters; under larger cutting parameters, the chips can smoothly flow through the top chip guide bulge and are curled and broken under the action of the top chip blocking surface and the side chip blocking surface; the cutting tool has the advantages that the cutting tool has a wide chip treatment range under the condition that the cutting force and the cutting temperature are controllable, chip breaking requirements of finish machining and semi-finish machining can be met, meanwhile, the long-time stable use of the cutting tool can be guaranteed, and the service life of the cutting tool is prolonged;
3) the cooling liquid guide surface is designed at the chip blocking surface at the side part, so that cooling liquid can better enter the top part and the bottom of the cutter point, the cutter blade can be sufficiently and timely cooled under the normal pressure cooling condition, and meanwhile, the chip containing space is equivalently increased at the cooling liquid guide surface, and the cutting force and the cutting temperature can be assisted to be reduced;
4) all the first rake angles are sharp rake angles, so that on one hand, the cutting resistance at each cutting edge is reduced, the work hardening is reduced, the cutting temperature is reduced, on the other hand, the strength of the main cutting edge is improved, the groove abrasion resistance and the chip impact resistance are improved, and the use safety of the turning insert under a complex working condition is ensured.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a turning insert suitable for machining a difficult-to-machine material according to example 1;
FIG. 2 is a front view of a turning insert suitable for machining difficult-to-machine materials according to example 1;
FIG. 3 is a side view of a turning insert suitable for machining difficult-to-machine materials according to example 1;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of portion A of FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line G-G of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line J-J of FIG. 4;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line K-K in FIG. 4.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following detailed description, wherein the drawings are provided for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to be limiting; to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of an actual product; it will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.
Example 1
Providing a turning insert as shown in fig. 1, which is suitable for turning materials difficult to machine, such as high-temperature alloys, titanium alloys, heat-resistant stainless steels, and the like, and comprises an insert body in a polygonal structure, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the insert body comprises an upper surface 1, a lower surface 2 and a plurality of side surfaces 3, any two adjacent side surfaces 3 are transited by an arc surface 4 at an intersection, the arc surface 4 intersects with the upper surface 1/the lower surface 2 to form an arc cutting edge 51, the side surfaces 3 intersect with the upper surface 1/the lower surface 2 to form a main cutting edge 52, and the main cutting edge is composed of a first main cutting edge 521 close to the arc cutting edge 51 and a second main cutting edge 522 far away from the arc cutting edge 51; the insert body is provided with a positioning central hole 6 at its geometric center, and the insert body is symmetrical about the neutral plane MP, so the lower surface structure and the upper surface structure are identical.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 4, the upper surface 1 includes a support surface 11 radiating from the insert body positioning center hole 6 toward the edge of the insert body and parallel to the neutral plane MP, a top first rake surface 71, a top second rake surface 72, a top chip guide protrusion 73 and a top chip-blocking surface 74 are sequentially arranged between the circular arc cutting edge 51 and the support surface 11, a side first rake surface 81, a side second rake surface 82, a groove bottom 83 and a side chip-blocking surface 84 are sequentially arranged between the main cutting edge 52 and the support surface 11, a plurality of side chip guide protrusions 85 are sequentially arranged on the groove bottom 83 from the circular arc cutting edge toward the main cutting edge, the ridge line of the top chip guide protrusion 73 and the side chip guide protrusion 85 is arcuate with respect to the groove bottom 83, and specifically, as shown in fig. 5, the vertical distance h1 between the ridge line of the side chip guide protrusions and the circular arc cutting edge in the insert body height direction is sequentially increased (fig. 5) Shown therein is h1 between the crest of the ridge line of the convex portion and the circular arc cutting edge), wherein the top chip guide projection 73 is smoothly transitioned with both the top second rake surface 72 and the top chip-blocking surface 74, and the side chip guide projection 85 is smoothly transitioned with the groove bottom surface 83.
The combination of the top chip guide protrusion, the side chip guide protrusion and the pocket bottom surface ensures that the turning insert has a sufficient chip containing space, and in addition, the pocket bottom surface 83 is inclined downward in the height direction of the insert body when extending from the circular arc cutting edge toward the main cutting edge, which design can further guide the chips to flow, curl and break smoothly and discharge toward the unmachined surface to reduce the chip contact area and further reduce the heat transferred from the chips to the turning insert.
Under small cutting parameters, the top chip guide bulge, the top chip blocking surface and the side chip blocking surface of the turning tool can lead the chips to be smoothly guided, curled and broken by the top chip guide bulge; under larger cutting parameters, the chips can smoothly flow through the top chip guide bulge and are finally curled and broken under the action of the top chip blocking surface and the side chip blocking surface.
The turning cutter of this embodiment has wide range chip processing scope under the controllable circumstances of cutting force and cutting temperature, can satisfy finish machining and semi-finish machining's chip breaking demand simultaneously, can guarantee the long-time stable use of blade again simultaneously, improves the cutter life-span.
In order to enable the cooling liquid to smoothly enter the top of the tool nose (namely, the part close to the arc cutting edge) and the groove bottom surface 83 of the turning tool in the machining process, the side chip blocking surface can be designed, specifically, the side chip blocking surface 84 comprises a first side chip blocking surface 841 close to the support surface and a second side chip blocking surface 842 far away from the support surface, wherein the first side chip blocking surface and the second side chip blocking surface are formed by embedding and separating a cooling liquid guide surface 86 extending from the part close to the arc cutting edge to the direction of the support surface, the cooling liquid guide surface is gradually far away from the groove bottom surface in the extending process, when in machining, the cooling liquid flows to the tool nose part and the groove bottom surface 83 along the cooling liquid guide surface 86, and the turning tool can be cooled sufficiently and timely under the normal pressure cooling condition. In addition, the coolant guiding surface also corresponds to an increased chip receiving space, which can assist in reducing the cutting force and cutting temperature of the turning insert.
In order to ensure the chip breaking effect and the chip guiding effect during the machining process, as shown in fig. 5, the vertical distance H2 from the ridge line of the convex part of the side chip guiding protrusion 85 to the adjacent groove bottom surface 83 needs to be greater than or equal to 0.03mm (shown in the figure is the vertical distance H2 from the top of the ridge line of the convex part of the side chip guiding protrusion to the adjacent groove bottom surface), and the vertical distance H between the highest point of the groove bottom surface 83 and the circular arc cutting edge 51 in the height direction of the insert body is 0.1-0.5 mm, wherein H is 0.3mm in the embodiment.
In the turning insert of the present embodiment, the first rake angle α formed by the top first rake face 71 and the support face 11 is 6 ° to 20 °, and the second rake angle β formed by the top second rake face 72 and the support face 11 is 10 ° to 25 °, preferably, α is 15 ° at the acute-angle top angle of the insert body, α is 10 ° at the obtuse-angle top angle of the insert body, and β is 20 °; a first rake angle formed by the lateral first rake face at the first main cutting edge 521 and the support surface 11 is equal to a first rake angle α formed by the top first rake face and the support surface, a second rake angle formed by the second rake face at the first main cutting edge 521 and the support surface 11 is equal to a second rake angle β formed by the top second rake face and the support surface, the length S of the first main cutting edge 521 is greater than or equal to 0.2mm, and S is simultaneously less than or equal to 1/2 of the length of the main cutting edge, in the embodiment, S is 1.5mm at an acute vertex angle of the insert body, and S is 4.5mm at an obtuse vertex angle of the insert body; a first rake angle γ formed by the lateral first rake face at the second main cutting edge 522 and the support surface 11 is 3 ° to 15 °, and γ ≦ α, a second rake angle θ formed by the lateral second rake face at the second main cutting edge 522 and the support surface 11 is 10 ° to 20 °, and θ ≦ β, preferably γ takes 10 °, θ takes 20 °; the horizontal width of the arc cutting edge 51 is L1, the horizontal width of the main cutting edge 52 is L2, L1 and L2 satisfy 0.06mm ≦ L1 ≦ L2 ≦ 0.5mm, in the embodiment, L1 ═ L2 ≦ 0.3mm, the above parameters are elaborately designed, a sharp rake angle is adopted at the front section of the arc cutting edge and the front section of the main cutting edge, and a sharper rake angle is adopted at the rear section of the main cutting edge, so that on one hand, the cutting resistance at each cutting edge is reduced, the work hardening is reduced, the cutting temperature is reduced, on the other hand, the strength of the main cutting edge is improved, the groove wear resistance and the chip impact resistance are improved, and the safety of the turning insert in use under complex working conditions is.
The cutting edge sharpness and the strength suitability of each cutting edge of the turning blade are good, the turning blade is endowed with good chip impact resistance, low cutting resistance and excellent chip breaking and chip removal performance, the requirements of finish machining and semi-finish machining turning of various difficult-to-machine materials such as high-temperature alloy, titanium alloy, heat-resistant stainless steel and the like can be met simultaneously, the universality is good, and the large force popularization and use can be carried out.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011403758.1A CN112548130B (en) | 2020-12-04 | 2020-12-04 | Turning blade suitable for difficult material processing |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011403758.1A CN112548130B (en) | 2020-12-04 | 2020-12-04 | Turning blade suitable for difficult material processing |
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| CN112548130A true CN112548130A (en) | 2021-03-26 |
| CN112548130B CN112548130B (en) | 2025-04-08 |
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| CN202011403758.1A Active CN112548130B (en) | 2020-12-04 | 2020-12-04 | Turning blade suitable for difficult material processing |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113145877A (en) * | 2021-05-10 | 2021-07-23 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Novel mixed microtexture antifriction hard alloy lathe tool blade |
| CN113927080A (en) * | 2021-10-20 | 2022-01-14 | 厦门金鹭特种合金有限公司 | Milling blade with directional flow guide structure |
| CN115446339A (en) * | 2022-09-28 | 2022-12-09 | 株洲钻石切削刀具股份有限公司 | An indexable turning insert |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH10118808A (en) * | 1996-10-24 | 1998-05-12 | Toshiba Tungaloy Co Ltd | Throwaway tip |
| CN206561130U (en) * | 2017-01-19 | 2017-10-17 | 株洲欧科亿数控精密刀具股份有限公司 | A kind of two-sided roughing cutting tip |
| CN209465714U (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2019-10-08 | 株洲欧科亿数控精密刀具股份有限公司 | One kind being used for the rough machined cutting tip of stainless steel |
| CN215615158U (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2022-01-25 | 株洲欧科亿数控精密刀具股份有限公司 | Turning blade suitable for processing difficult-to-process material |
-
2020
- 2020-12-04 CN CN202011403758.1A patent/CN112548130B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH10118808A (en) * | 1996-10-24 | 1998-05-12 | Toshiba Tungaloy Co Ltd | Throwaway tip |
| CN206561130U (en) * | 2017-01-19 | 2017-10-17 | 株洲欧科亿数控精密刀具股份有限公司 | A kind of two-sided roughing cutting tip |
| CN209465714U (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2019-10-08 | 株洲欧科亿数控精密刀具股份有限公司 | One kind being used for the rough machined cutting tip of stainless steel |
| CN215615158U (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2022-01-25 | 株洲欧科亿数控精密刀具股份有限公司 | Turning blade suitable for processing difficult-to-process material |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113145877A (en) * | 2021-05-10 | 2021-07-23 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Novel mixed microtexture antifriction hard alloy lathe tool blade |
| CN113927080A (en) * | 2021-10-20 | 2022-01-14 | 厦门金鹭特种合金有限公司 | Milling blade with directional flow guide structure |
| CN115446339A (en) * | 2022-09-28 | 2022-12-09 | 株洲钻石切削刀具股份有限公司 | An indexable turning insert |
| CN115446339B (en) * | 2022-09-28 | 2024-03-08 | 株洲钻石切削刀具股份有限公司 | Indexable turning blade |
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