CN115446339A - Indexable turning blade - Google Patents
Indexable turning blade Download PDFInfo
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- CN115446339A CN115446339A CN202211196830.7A CN202211196830A CN115446339A CN 115446339 A CN115446339 A CN 115446339A CN 202211196830 A CN202211196830 A CN 202211196830A CN 115446339 A CN115446339 A CN 115446339A
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- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 318
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002173 cutting fluid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 210000001015 abdomen Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
- B23B27/14—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material
- B23B27/16—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material with exchangeable cutting bits or cutting inserts, e.g. able to be clamped
- B23B27/1603—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material with exchangeable cutting bits or cutting inserts, e.g. able to be clamped with specially shaped plate-like exchangeable cutting inserts, e.g. chip-breaking groove
- B23B27/1607—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material with exchangeable cutting bits or cutting inserts, e.g. able to be clamped with specially shaped plate-like exchangeable cutting inserts, e.g. chip-breaking groove characterised by having chip-breakers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
- B23B27/22—Cutting tools with chip-breaking equipment
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Cutting Tools, Boring Holders, And Turrets (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an indexable turning blade, which comprises a blade body, wherein the side surface is intersected with the upper surface to form two main cutting edges, the cylindrical surface is intersected with the upper surface to form an arc cutting edge, the upper surface corresponding to the main cutting edge and the arc cutting edge are respectively provided with a main cutting edge chip breaker groove and an arc chip breaker groove, the arc chip breaker groove corresponding to the arc cutting edge is in smooth tangent connection with the two main cutting edge chip breaker grooves corresponding to the two main cutting edges adjacent to the arc cutting edge to form a smooth chip breaker groove unit, the bottom of the chip breaker groove unit is provided with at least two water-drop-shaped chip control bulges distributed along the extending direction of the main cutting edge from the position of an angle symmetry bisection plane of the arc cutting edge, and the chip control bulges and the chip breaker grooves in the main cutting edge are arranged at intervals.
Description
Technical Field
The invention mainly relates to the field of metal cutting and processing, in particular to an indexable turning insert.
Background
The application of difficult-to-machine materials represented by high-temperature alloy is more and more extensive, the high-temperature alloy has the characteristics of low heat conductivity coefficient, high-temperature chemical activity, small elastic modulus and the like, and the problems of large cutting force, high cutting temperature, large work hardening tendency, serious cutter abrasion, poor chip breaking effect and the like are presented in the cutting process, so that the high-temperature alloy is one of typical difficult-to-machine materials.
The wear mode of the turning insert when machining difficult-to-machine materials such as high-temperature alloy and the like is mainly the crater wear and the boundary wear of the front tool face, which are mainly caused by the fact that the cutting temperature at the front tool face position is too high due to the fact that chips are easy to stick to the tool and the materials are easy to harden in the machining process. In order to further improve the life and machining stability of the insert, there is a need for a turning insert that is excellent in chip control, and that can effectively reduce cutting heat and simultaneously achieve the robustness and sharpness of the edge of the cutting edge.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide an indexable turning insert which has excellent chip control performance, can effectively reduce cutting heat and has a stable and firm cutting edge.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides an indexable turning blade, includes the blade body, and the blade body includes upper surface, lower surface and connects a plurality of sides of upper surface, lower surface, adjacent two connect through the face of cylinder between the side and form the knife tip apex angle, the face of cylinder intersects with the upper surface and forms two main cutting edges, the face of cylinder intersects with the upper surface and forms the circular arc cutting edge, correspond main cutting edge on the upper surface, circular arc cutting edge is equipped with main cutting edge chip breaker groove and circular arc chip breaker groove respectively, two main cutting edge chip breaker grooves that circular arc chip breaker groove that the circular arc cutting edge corresponds and this circular arc cutting edge is adjacent correspond are smooth along tangent linking formation smooth chip breaker groove unit, chip breaker groove unit bottom begins along from the angular symmetry bisection face position of circular arc cutting edge the extending direction of main cutting edge has set up two at least water droplet form keep away empty recess, main cutting edge chip breaker groove bottom is provided with two at least water droplet form accuse bits bellies that distribute along the extending direction of main cutting edge, just the accuse bits bellies in the main cutting edge are arranged with keeping away empty recess looks interval.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution:
the arc chip breaker groove comprises an arc rake face and an arc curved face groove, wherein the arc rake face and the arc curved face groove are sequentially arranged from the arc cutting edge to the center hole direction of the blade body, and a wedge-shaped chip control boss is arranged in the arc curved face groove.
The upper surface is immediately adjacent to main cutting edge, circular arc cutting edge are equipped with main cutting land and circular arc cutting land respectively, main cutting land is in the same direction as being connected with the circular arc cutting land, the horizontal width of main cutting land and circular arc cutting land is the Wr, and satisfies: wr is more than or equal to 0.15mm and more than or equal to 0.35mm, included angles between a plane where the arc cutting blade zone is located and a plane where the main cutting blade zone is located and the upper surface are respectively gamma 1 and gamma 2, and the included angles meet the following requirements: 16 degrees is more than or equal to gamma 1 and more than or equal to 6 degrees, 14 degrees is more than or equal to gamma 2 and more than or equal to 4 degrees, and 4 degrees is more than or equal to gamma 1 and more than or equal to gamma 2 and more than or equal to 2 degrees.
The effective width of the rake face of the circular arc cutting edge is W1, and the effective width of the rake face of the main cutting edge adjacent to the circular arc cutting edge is W2, so that the requirements for the cutting edge are met: w1 is more than or equal to 0.5mm and more than or equal to 0.15mm, W2 is more than or equal to 0.2mm, W2 is more than W1, the W2 gradually increases from the arc cutting edge to the main cutting edge, an included angle alpha 1 is formed between the rake face of the arc cutting edge and the upper surface, and an included angle alpha 2 is formed between the rake face of the main cutting edge adjacent to the arc cutting edge and the upper surface, so that the following requirements are met: 25 degrees is more than or equal to alpha 1 and more than or equal to 18 degrees, 23 degrees is more than or equal to alpha 2 and more than or equal to 15 degrees, and 4 degrees is more than or equal to alpha 1-alpha 2 and more than or equal to 2 degrees.
The upper surface and the lower surface are of the same and symmetrical structure, the main cutting edge, the arc cutting edge and the chip breaking groove unit are symmetrical about an angular bisector of the cutter point apex angle of the blade body, the chip control protruding part and the clearance groove in the chip breaking groove unit are symmetrical about the angular bisector of the cutter point apex angle of the blade body, and the chip control boss is symmetrical about the angular bisector of the cutter point apex angle of the blade body.
At least three clearance grooves are arranged in the arc chip breaker of any chip breaker unit, the arrangement direction of the clearance grooves and the adjacent main cutting edge form an included angle beta, and each clearance groove is gradually increased towards the tail end direction of the arc cutting edge at the angular bisector position of the tip apex angle, and the clearance grooves meet the requirements that: beta is more than or equal to 50 degrees and more than or equal to 17.5 degrees, the setting direction of the clearance grooves in the chip breaker grooves of the main cutting edges forms an included angle epsilon with the adjacent main cutting edges, and each clearance groove gradually increases from the arc cutting edge to the main cutting edge direction epsilon and meets the following conditions: the angle of 90 degrees is more than or equal to epsilon and more than or equal to 45 degrees.
Accuse bits bellying set up the direction and become contained angle k with adjacent main cutting edge, and each accuse bits bellying is in k crescent along circular arc cutting edge to main cutting edge direction to satisfy: k is more than or equal to 45 degrees and is more than or equal to 90 degrees.
Minimum vertical distance between front end, rear end and the corresponding main cutting edge of keeping away empty recess in the main cutting edge chip-breaker groove is P, Q respectively, and satisfies: p is more than or equal to 0.8mm and more than or equal to 0.25mm, Q is more than or equal to 1.5mm and more than or equal to 0.8mm, the minimum distances between the front end and the rear end of the clearance groove in the arc chip breaker groove and the corresponding arc cutting edge are respectively T and U, and the minimum distances satisfy the following conditions: t is more than or equal to 0.8mm and more than or equal to 0.25mm, U is more than or equal to 1.2mm and more than or equal to 0.5mm, on a plane section which is perpendicular to the upper surface along the arrangement direction of the clearance groove, the contour line of the clearance groove is formed by tangent connection of a straight line and a concave arc, the length of a straight line section of the section contour line of the clearance groove in the chip breaker groove of the main cutting edge is Wb and forms an included angle alpha 4 with the upper surface, the radius of the concave arc is Rc, and the vertical distance between the bottom point of the concave arc Rc and the main cutting edge is h3, and the requirements are met: 0.5mm or more and Wb is more than or equal to 0.25mm,30 degrees or more and more than or equal to alpha 4 is more than or equal to 20 degrees, 0.6mm or more and more than or equal to Rc is more than or equal to 0.25mm,0.35mm or more and h3 is more than or equal to 0.15mm, the length of a straight line section of a section contour line of the clearance groove in the arc chip breaker groove is Wc, an included angle formed between the straight line section and the upper surface is alpha 5, the radius of a concave arc is Rd, and the vertical distance between the bottom point of the concave arc Rd and an arc cutting edge is h4, and the requirements are met: wc is more than or equal to 0.35mm and more than or equal to 0.1mm, alpha 4 is more than or equal to 25 degrees at 35 degrees, rd is more than or equal to 0.25mm at 0.5mm and more than or equal to 0.27mm and more than or equal to h4 and more than or equal to 0.15mm.
The minimum vertical distance between the front end and the rear end of the chip control protruding part in the chip breaker groove of the main cutting edge and the corresponding main cutting edge is L and D respectively, and the chip breaker groove meets the following requirements: l is more than or equal to 0.8mm and more than or equal to 0.25mm, D is more than or equal to 3.5mm and more than or equal to 0.8mm, each chip control bulge L and D are gradually increased along the arc cutting edge to the main cutting edge direction, on the plane section along the setting direction of the chip control bulge and perpendicular to the upper surface, the contour line of the chip control bulge is formed by tangent connection of a straight line, a concave arc and a convex arc, wherein the length of the straight line is Wa, the included angle formed between the straight line and the upper surface is alpha 3, the radius of the concave arc is Ra, the radius of the convex arc is Rb, the vertical distance between the bottom point of the concave arc Ra and the main cutting edge is h1, and the vertical distance between the bottom point of the concave arc Ra and the top point of the convex arc is h2, and the following requirements are met: rb is more than Ra, wa is more than or equal to 0.25mm at 0.8mm and more than or equal to alpha 3 at 15 degrees and more than or equal to 10 degrees, alpha 2 is more than alpha 3,1.5mm and more than or equal to Ra is more than or equal to 0.5mm,2.5mm and more than or equal to Rb is more than or equal to 1.0mm,0.15mm and more than or equal to h1 is more than or equal to 0.05mm,0.17mm and more than or equal to h2 is more than or equal to 0.05mm, the distance between the front ends of adjacent chip control convex parts in the chip breaking groove of the main cutting edge is S and meets the following requirements: s is larger than or equal to 0.8mm at 1.5mm, the vertical distance from the front end of the first chip control protruding part close to the arc cutting edge to the intersection of the arc cutting edge and the main cutting edge along the direction of the main cutting edge is Sa, and the requirements are met: sa is more than or equal to 0.35mm and more than or equal to 0.15mm.
The main cutting edge chip breaker groove includes the main cutting edge rake face and the main cutting edge curved surface recess that set gradually to the centre bore direction of blade body by the main cutting edge to the plane of perpendicular to main cutting edge is the vertical section, on this vertical section, the outline line of main cutting edge chip breaker groove is tangent the connection constitution of straight line and concave circular arc curve, and wherein, the straightway is the outline line of main cutting edge rake face, and concave circular arc curve is the outline line of main cutting edge curved surface recess, on the centre bore direction by the main cutting edge to the blade body, the radius of curvature Ri of each point on the concave circular arc curve crescent, and satisfies: ri is more than or equal to 5.0mm and more than or equal to 0.35mm.
The curvature radius Rh of the lowest point of a concave circular arc curve contour line formed by the main cutting edge curved surface groove on each vertical section is gradually increased in the direction from the circular arc cutting edge to the main cutting edge.
Accuse bits boss is symmetrical about the angular bisector of blade body knife tip apex angle, and on the angular bisector direction of knife tip apex angle, accuse bits boss front end is H with the distance of circular arc cutting edge, and satisfies: h is more than or equal to 0.8mm and is more than or equal to 2.0mm, the maximum width of the chip control boss is Wd and meets the following requirements: 1.2mm is more than or equal to Wd and is more than or equal to 0.5mm, the angular bisector of the tip apex angle is taken as a cross section, the contour line of the chip control boss in the cross section is a convex arc curve, the radius of the convex arc curve is Re, and the vertical distance between the vertex of the convex arc curve and the arc cutting edge is h5, and the requirements are met: re is more than or equal to 2.5mm and more than or equal to 1.5mm, and h5 is more than or equal to 0.1mm and more than or equal to 0.15mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
the invention relates to an indexable turning insert, wherein a main cutting edge chip breaker groove and an arc chip breaker groove are respectively arranged on the upper surface corresponding to a main cutting edge and an arc cutting edge, the arc chip breaker groove corresponding to the arc cutting edge is in smooth tangent connection with the two main cutting edge chip breaker grooves corresponding to the two adjacent main cutting edges of the arc cutting edge to form a smooth chip breaker groove unit, at least two water-drop-shaped clearance grooves are arranged at the bottom of the chip breaker groove unit along the extension direction of the main cutting edge from the position of the angle symmetrical bisection plane of the arc cutting edge, at least two water-drop-shaped chip control bulges distributed along the extension direction of the main cutting edge are arranged at the bottom of the chip breaker groove of the main cutting edge, the chip control bulges and the clearance grooves in the chip breaker groove of the main cutting edge are arranged at intervals, and a plurality of water-drop-shaped chip control bulges are arranged to lift chips generated by the main cutting edge and the arc cutting edge and guide the chips to flow in a curling manner, the chip control bulges and the clearance grooves in the chip breaker groove of the main cutting edge are arranged at intervals, the chip control bulges lift up the chips, the clearance grooves further reduce the contact area of the chips and the rake face, so that the heat dissipation performance of the indexable turning blade is improved, particularly, the chip breaker groove of the blade can contain more cutting fluid under the processing environment with wet cutting of the cutting fluid, the cutting fluid can fully contact with the chips of a workpiece and the rake face of the blade, the cutting heat is reduced, and the friction force between the chips and the rake face is reduced, thereby further slowing down the abrasion of the front cutter surface of the blade and prolonging the service life of the blade.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of an indexable turning insert of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a front view of an indexable turning insert of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of a point a in fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of fig. 2 at a.
Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of a point a in fig. 2.
Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line P-P in fig. 5 (a cross-sectional view of a circular arc breaker groove).
Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line K-K in fig. 5 (a cross-sectional view of a major cutting edge breaker groove).
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line N-N of FIG. 5 (a cross-sectional view of a chip control protrusion).
Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view M-M (a cross-sectional view of a clearance groove) in fig. 5.
Fig. 10 is a sectional view H-H in fig. 5 (a sectional view of the chip control boss).
The reference numerals in the figures denote:
1. a blade body; 2. a central bore; 3. an upper surface; 4. a lower surface; 5. a side surface; 6. a cylindrical surface; 7. a main cutting edge; 8. a circular arc cutting edge; 9. a main cutting edge chip breaker groove; 91. a main cutting edge rake face; 92. a main cutting edge curved surface groove; 10. a circular arc chip breaker groove; 101. a circular arc rake face; 102. a circular arc curved surface groove; 11. a clearance groove; 12. a chip control boss; 13. a primary cutting margin; 14. a circular arc cutting margin; 15. chip control boss.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and specific examples.
Fig. 1 to 10 show an embodiment of an indexable turning insert of the present invention, the indexable turning insert of the embodiment includes an insert body 1, the insert body 1 includes an upper surface 3, a lower surface 4 and a plurality of side surfaces 5 connecting the upper surface 3 and the lower surface 4, two adjacent side surfaces 5 are connected by a cylindrical surface 6 to form a nose apex angle, the side surfaces 5 intersect with the upper surface 3 to form two main cutting edges 7, the cylindrical surface 6 intersects with the upper surface 3 to form an arc cutting edge 8, the main cutting edge chip breakers 9 and the arc chip breakers 10 are respectively provided on the upper surface 3 corresponding to the main cutting edges 7 and the arc cutting edges 8, the arc chip breakers 10 corresponding to the arc cutting edges 8 are in smooth tangent engagement with the two main cutting edge chip breakers 9 corresponding to the two main cutting edges 7 adjacent to the arc cutting edges 8 to form a smooth chip breaker unit, the chip breaker unit bottom is provided with at least two water-drop-shaped clearance grooves 11 along the extending direction of the main cutting edge 7 from the position of the angle symmetrical bisection plane of the arc cutting edge 8, the bottom of the chip breaker groove 9 of the main cutting edge is provided with at least two water-drop-shaped chip control protruding parts 12 distributed along the extending direction of the main cutting edge 7, the chip control protruding parts 12 in the chip breaker groove 9 of the main cutting edge and the clearance grooves 11 are arranged at intervals, a plurality of water-drop-shaped chip control protruding parts 12 are arranged to lift chips generated by the main cutting edge 7 and the arc cutting edge 8 and guide the chips to curl and flow, the extrusion resistance between the chips and the chip control protruding parts 12 is reduced, the cutting heat is reduced, the plurality of water-drop-shaped clearance grooves 11 are arranged to reduce the contact area between the chips and the rake face so as to maximally reduce the friction resistance generated between the chips and the rake face under different cutting depth parameters, and play a role in clearance avoidance and heat dissipation, thereby prolonging the service life of the blade, the chip control convex parts 12 and the clearance grooves 11 in the chip breaker groove 9 of the main cutting edge are arranged at intervals, the chip control convex parts 12 lift chips and the clearance grooves 11 further reduce the contact area of the chips and the rake face, so that the heat dissipation performance of the indexable turning insert is improved, especially, the chip breaker groove of the insert can contain more cutting fluid under the processing environment with cutting fluid wet cutting, so that the cutting fluid can be in full contact with the chips of a workpiece and the rake face of the insert, the cutting heat is reduced, the friction force between the chips and the rake face is reduced, the abrasion of the rake face of the insert is further slowed down, and the service life of the indexable turning insert is prolonged.
In this embodiment, the arc chip breaker 10 includes an arc rake face 101 and an arc curved face groove 102 sequentially arranged from the arc cutting edge 8 to the direction of the central hole 2 of the insert body 1, and a wedge-shaped chip control boss 15 is arranged in the arc curved face groove 102, so that chips can be guided to flow to both sides of the insert body 1, rather than flow to the direction of the central hole 2, and the chips can be quickly and smoothly discharged.
In this embodiment, the upper surface 3 is provided with a main cutting edge zone 13 and an arc cutting edge zone 14 adjacent to the main cutting edge 7 and the arc cutting edge 8, respectively, the main cutting edge zone 13 is in smooth connection with the arc cutting edge zone 14, and the horizontal widths of the main cutting edge zone 13 and the arc cutting edge zone 14 are the same as each other and are Wr, and satisfy: wr is more than or equal to 0.15mm and more than or equal to 0.35mm, the included angles between the plane of the arc cutting edge zone 14 and the plane of the main cutting edge zone 13 and the upper surface 3 are respectively gamma 1 and gamma 2, and the included angles meet the following requirements: 16 degrees is more than or equal to gamma 1 and is more than or equal to 6 degrees, 14 degrees is more than or equal to gamma 2 and is more than or equal to 4 degrees, 4 degrees is more than or equal to gamma 1-gamma 2 and is more than or equal to 2 degrees, the sharpness and the strength of the cutting edge of the blade can be effectively guaranteed, and the boundary wear resistance of the cutting edge of the blade is further improved, wherein in the embodiment, gamma 1 is not less than 10 degrees, and gamma 2 is not less than 8 degrees.
In this embodiment, the effective width of the rake face of the circular arc cutting edge 8 is W1, and the effective width of the rake face of the main cutting edge 7 adjacent to the circular arc cutting edge 8 is W2, which should satisfy: w1 is more than or equal to 0.5mm and more than or equal to 0.15mm, W2 is more than or equal to 0.2mm, W2 is more than W1, W2 gradually increases from the circular arc cutting edge 8 to the main cutting edge 7, an included angle alpha 1 is formed between the rake face of the circular arc cutting edge 8 and the upper surface 3, and an included angle alpha 2 is formed between the rake face of the main cutting edge 7 adjacent to the circular arc cutting edge 8 and the upper surface 3, so that the following requirements are met: 25 degrees is more than or equal to alpha 1 and more than or equal to 18 degrees, 23 degrees is more than or equal to alpha 2 and more than or equal to 15 degrees, and 4 degrees is more than or equal to alpha 1-alpha 2 and more than or equal to 2 degrees, a sharp edge structure design is adopted, and the change values of the included angles alpha 1 and alpha 2 are between 2 degrees and 4 degrees, so that the cutting stability of the blade is further improved while the cutting force generated by the blade is effectively reduced, and the blade can meet the processing requirements of larger cutting parameters.
In this embodiment, the upper surface 3 and the lower surface 4 have the same and symmetrical structure, the main cutting edge 7, the circular arc cutting edge 8 and the chip breaker unit are symmetrical about an angular bisector of the nose apex angle of the blade body 1, the chip control protrusion 12 and the clearance groove 11 in the chip breaker unit are symmetrical about an angular bisector of the nose apex angle of the blade body 1, and the chip control boss 15 is symmetrical about an angular bisector of the nose apex angle of the blade body 1, so that the utilization efficiency of the blade is improved, and each cutting edge has a cutting performance closer to that of the other cutting edge.
In this embodiment, three clearance grooves 11 are provided in the arc chip breaker 10 of the chip breaker unit, and the setting direction of the clearance grooves 11 forms an included angle β with the adjacent main cutting edge 7, and each clearance groove 11 gradually increases from the angular bisector position of the nose apex angle to the end direction of the arc cutting edge 8, and satisfies: as shown in fig. 3, one clearance groove 11 is disposed on an angular bisector of the tip angle of the cutting edge, two clearance grooves 11 are symmetrically disposed on two sides of the clearance groove, and an included angle β formed by the clearance groove 11 and the main cutting edge 7 is β 1 and β 2, in this embodiment, β 1=40 ° and β 2=47 °, an included angle ∈ is formed between the direction in which the clearance groove 11 in the main cutting edge chip breaker 9 is disposed and the adjacent main cutting edge 7, and ∈ of each clearance groove 11 increases gradually from the circular arc cutting edge 8 to the main cutting edge 7, and satisfies: 90 DEG is not less than or equal to epsilon not less than 45 DEG, as shown in FIG. 3, two clearance grooves 11 are arranged in the main cutting edge chip breaker groove 9, and the included angles formed by the two clearance grooves and the adjacent main cutting edge 7 are respectively epsilon 1 and epsilon 2, in the embodiment, epsilon 1 is not less than 73 DEG, and epsilon 2 is not less than 75 DEG, through the arrangement, the contact area between the cutting chips and the front cutter face can be effectively reduced, the friction resistance between the cutting chips and the front cutter face can be maximally reduced under different cutting depth parameters, the functions of reducing friction, avoiding clearance and dissipating heat are achieved, and the service life of the chip is prolonged, and the arrangement direction of the clearance grooves 11 in the application refers to the direction of the projection line of the central axis of the clearance grooves 11 on the upper surface 3.
In this embodiment, the setting direction of the chip control protruding portion 12 and the adjacent main cutting edge 7 form an included angle k, and each chip control protruding portion 12 gradually increases k in the direction from the circular arc cutting edge 8 to the main cutting edge 7, and satisfies: 90 DEG is more than or equal to k and more than or equal to 45 DEG, through the arrangement, the blade can adapt to cutting parameters with different cutting depths during cutting and machining to accurately control chips, the arrangement direction of the chip control protruding part 12 in the application refers to the projection line direction of the central axis of the chip control protruding part 12 projected on the upper surface 3, in the embodiment, three chip control protruding parts 12 are arranged in the main cutting edge chip breaker groove 9, and included angles formed by the chip control protruding parts 12 and the adjacent main cutting edges 7 are respectively k1, k2 and k3, in the embodiment, k1=50 DEG, k1=70 DEG, and k1=75 deg.
In this embodiment, the minimum vertical distances between the front end and the rear end of the clearance groove 11 in the main cutting edge chip breaker 9 and the corresponding main cutting edge 7 are P and Q, respectively, and satisfy: p is more than or equal to 0.8mm and more than or equal to 0.25mm, Q is more than or equal to 1.5mm and more than or equal to 0.8mm, the minimum distances between the front end and the rear end of the clearance groove 11 in the arc chip breaker groove 10 and the corresponding arc cutting edge 8 are respectively T and U, and the minimum distances satisfy the following conditions: t is more than or equal to 0.8mm and more than or equal to 0.25mm, U is more than or equal to 1.2mm and more than or equal to 0.5mm, in the embodiment, the minimum vertical distances between the front ends of the two clearance grooves 11 in the main cutting edge chip breaker groove 9 and the corresponding main cutting edge 7 are respectively P1 and P2, P1=0.3mm and P2=0.3mm, the minimum vertical distances between the rear ends and the corresponding main cutting edge 7 are respectively Q1 and Q2, Q1=1.0mm and Q2=0.9mm, the minimum vertical distances between the front ends of the three clearance grooves 11 in the circular arc chip breaker groove 10 and the corresponding main cutting edge 7 are respectively T1 and T2 (wherein the two clearance grooves 11 correspond to T2), the minimum vertical distances between the rear end and the corresponding main cutting edge 7 are respectively U1 and U2 (wherein two clearance grooves 11 correspond to U2), T1=0.27mm, T2=0.32mm, U1=0.6mm and U2=0.7mm, on a plane section which is perpendicular to the upper surface and along the arrangement direction of the clearance grooves 11, the contour line of the clearance grooves 11 is formed by connecting straight lines and concave arcs in a tangent mode, the length of the straight line section of the cross-section contour line of the clearance groove 11 in the chip breaker groove 9 of the main cutting edge is Wb and forms an included angle alpha 4 with the upper surface, the radius of the concave arc is Rc, and the vertical distance between the bottom point of the concave arc Rc and the main cutting edge is h3, and the following conditions are met: 0.5mm or more Wb is more than or equal to 0.25mm,30 degrees or more than or equal to alpha 4 is more than or equal to 20 degrees, 0.6mm or more than or equal to Rc is more than or equal to 0.25mm,0.35mm or more than or equal to h3 is more than or equal to 0.15mm, the length of a straight line segment of a cross-section contour line of a clearance groove 11 in the arc chip breaker groove 10 is Wc, an included angle formed between the straight line segment and the upper surface is alpha 5, the radius of a concave arc is Rd, and the vertical distance between the bottom point of the concave arc Rd and an arc cutting edge 8 is h5, and the requirements are met: the cutting tool has the advantages that the cutting tool is 0.35mm or more and Wc is not less than 0.1mm,35 degrees or more and α 4 is not less than 25 degrees, 0.5mm or more and Rd is not less than 0.25mm,0.27mm or more and h4 is not less than 0.15mm, the contact area of chips and a rake face can be reduced, the friction resistance is reduced, the air avoidance is enhanced, the heat dissipation is enhanced, the strength of the rake face of the cutting tool is considered, and the generation of crescent crater abrasion during cutting and cutting is favorably slowed down, so that the cutting service life of the cutting tool is prolonged.
In this embodiment, the minimum vertical distances between the front end and the rear end of the chip control protrusion 12 in the chip breaker groove 9 of the main cutting edge and the corresponding main cutting edge 7 are L and D, respectively, and satisfy: l is more than or equal to 0.8mm and more than or equal to 0.25mm, D is more than or equal to 3.5mm and more than or equal to 0.8mm, L and D of each chip control protrusion part 12 are gradually increased along the direction from the circular arc cutting edge 8 to the main cutting edge 7, and on the plane section which is perpendicular to the upper surface and along the setting direction of the chip control protrusion part 12, the contour line of the chip control protrusion part 12 is a straight line, and a concave circular arc and a convex circular arc are connected in a tangent manner, wherein the length of the straight line is Wa, the included angle formed between the straight line and the upper surface is alpha 3, the radius of the concave circular arc is Ra, the radius of the convex circular arc is Rb, the vertical distance between the bottom point of the concave circular arc Ra and the main cutting edge is h1, and the vertical distance between the bottom point of the concave circular arc Ra and the top point of the convex circular arc Rb is h2, and the vertical distances are satisfied: rb is more than Ra, more than or equal to 0.8mm and more than or equal to Wa and more than or equal to 0.25mm, more than or equal to 15 degrees and more than or equal to alpha 3, more than or equal to alpha 2 and more than or equal to alpha 3,1.5mm and more than or equal to Ra, more than or equal to 2.5mm and more than or equal to Rb, more than or equal to 0.15mm and more than or equal to h1 and more than or equal to 0.05mm, more than or equal to 0.17mm and more than or equal to h2 and more than or equal to 0.05mm, the distance between the front ends of adjacent chip-controlling bulges 12 in the chip breaker groove 9 of the main cutting edge is S, and the chip-controlling bulges meet the following requirements: s is larger than or equal to 0.8mm at 1.5mm, the vertical distance from the front end of the first chip control protrusion part 12 close to the arc cutting edge 8 to the intersection of the arc cutting edge 8 and the main cutting edge 7 along the direction of the main cutting edge 7 is Sa, and the requirements are met: 0.35mm & gtSa & gt0.15 mm, and through the arrangement, the chip control bulges of the structure can guide chips to curl and flow, and simultaneously can further reduce the extrusion resistance between the chips and the chip control bulges, so that the extrusion caused by the contact of the chips and the chip control bulges is effectively reduced, and the cutting force and the cutting heat increase are effectively reduced, wherein in the embodiment, wa =0.25mm, alpha 3=12 degrees, ra =0.8mm, rb =1.4mm, h1=0.1mm, h2=0.08mm, S1=1.5mm, S2=1.3mm and Sa =0.24mm.
In this embodiment, the main cutting edge chip breaker groove 9 includes a main cutting edge rake face 91 and a main cutting edge curved groove 92 which are sequentially arranged from the main cutting edge 7 to the direction of the central hole 2 of the insert body 1, and a plane perpendicular to the main cutting edge 7 is taken as a vertical section on which a contour line of the main cutting edge chip breaker groove 9 is formed by tangentially connecting a straight line and a concave arc curve, wherein the straight line is the contour line of the main cutting edge rake face 91, the concave arc curve is the contour line of the main cutting edge curved groove 92, the curvature radius Ri of each point on the concave arc curve is gradually increased in the direction from the main cutting edge 7 to the central hole 2 of the insert body 1, the curved groove 92 of the main cutting edge chip breaker groove 9 is a variable curvature three-dimensional curved surface, and the curvature radius Ri (R1, 8230; rn) of each point on the concave arc curve is gradually increased in the direction from the main cutting edge 7 to the central hole 2 of the insert body 1, so that chips can be smoothly discharged.
In the present embodiment, the curvature radius Rh of the lowest point of the concave circular arc contour line formed by the main cutting edge curved groove 92 in each vertical cross section gradually increases in the direction from the circular arc cutting edge 8 to the main cutting edge 7, and satisfies: the Rh of more than or equal to 5.0mm and more than or equal to 0.35mm can effectively guide the composite curling of the cutting chips under large cutting parameters and increase the chip space of the chip breaker at the same time, so that the cutting chips can flow in the chip breaker rapidly, the cutting temperature is not increased rapidly due to the fact that the cutting chips are not easy to extrude in the chip breaker, and the cutting temperature is reduced and the service life of the blade is prolonged.
In this embodiment, accuse bits boss 15 is symmetrical about the bisector of the 1 knife tip apex angle of blade body, and on the bisector direction of the angle of knife tip apex angle, the distance of accuse bits boss 15 front end and circular arc cutting edge 8 is H, and satisfies: h is more than or equal to 0.8mm and more than or equal to 2.0mm, the maximum width of the chip control boss 15 is Wd and meets the following requirements: 1.2mm is more than or equal to Wd is more than or equal to 0.5mm, the angular bisector of the top angle of the tool nose is taken as a cross section, the contour line of the chip-controlling boss 15 in the cross section is a convex arc curve, the radius of the convex arc curve is Re, and the vertical distance between the vertex of the convex arc curve and the arc cutting edge 8 is h5, and the requirements are met: the cutting temperature is too high due to the fact that Re is larger than or equal to 2.5mm and larger than or equal to 1.5mm, h5 is larger than or equal to 0.1mm, and when the blade is used for cutting, the blade is beneficial to guiding chips to curl and flow in a chip breaker groove and simultaneously relieving extrusion and blockage of the chips in the chip breaker groove. In this example, H =1.1mm, wd =0.8mm, re =2.0mm, and H5=0.15mm.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to be limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make many possible variations and modifications to the disclosed solution, or modify equivalent embodiments using the teachings disclosed above, without departing from the scope of the solution. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope of the technical scheme of the present invention, unless the technical spirit of the present invention departs from the content of the technical scheme of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. An indexable turning insert, includes insert body (1), insert body (1) includes upper surface (3), lower surface (4) and connects a plurality of sides (5) of upper surface (3), lower surface (4), two adjacent connect through face of cylinder (6) between side (5) and form the nose apex angle, face of cylinder (5) intersect with upper surface (3) and form two main cutting edge (7), face of cylinder (6) intersect with upper surface (3) and form circular arc cutting edge (8), its characterized in that: correspond main cutting edge (7), circular arc cutting edge (8) on upper surface (3) and be equipped with main cutting edge chip breaker groove (9) and circular arc chip breaker groove (10) respectively, circular arc chip breaker groove (10) that circular arc cutting edge (8) correspond two main cutting edge chip breaker grooves (9) that correspond with this circular arc cutting edge (8) adjacent are smooth along tangent linking up and form glossy chip breaker groove unit, chip breaker groove unit bottom begins to follow from the angular symmetry bisection face position of circular arc cutting edge (8) the extending direction of main cutting edge (7) has set up two at least water droplet form keep away empty recess (11), main cutting edge chip breaker groove (9) bottom is provided with along the extending direction distribution of main cutting edge (7) two at least water droplet form accuse bits bellying (12), just accuse bits bellying (12) in main cutting edge chip breaker groove (9) and keep away empty recess (11) looks interval arrangement.
2. Indexable turning insert according to claim 1, characterized in that: the arc chip breaker groove (10) comprises an arc front tool face (101) and an arc curved surface groove (102) which are sequentially arranged towards the direction of a center hole (2) of the blade body (1) by the arc cutting edge (8), and a wedge-shaped chip control boss (15) is arranged in the arc curved surface groove (102).
3. Indexable turning insert according to claim 1, characterized in that: the upper surface (3) is provided with a main cutting edge zone (13) and an arc cutting edge zone (14) respectively adjacent to the main cutting edge (7) and the arc cutting edge (8), the main cutting edge zone (13) is smoothly connected with the arc cutting edge zone (14), the horizontal widths of the main cutting edge zone (13) and the arc cutting edge zone (14) are equal to Wr and meet the following requirements: 0.35mm is larger than or equal to Wr and larger than or equal to 0.15mm, included angles between a plane where the arc cutting edge zone (14) is located and a plane where the main cutting edge zone (13) is located and the upper surface (3) are respectively gamma 1 and gamma 2, and the included angles meet the following requirements: 16 degrees is more than or equal to gamma 1 and more than or equal to 6 degrees, 14 degrees is more than or equal to gamma 2 and more than or equal to 4 degrees, and 4 degrees is more than or equal to gamma 1 and more than or equal to gamma 2 and more than or equal to 2 degrees.
4. An indexable turning insert according to claim 1, wherein: the effective width of the rake face of the circular arc cutting edge (8) is W1, and the effective width of the rake face of the main cutting edge (7) adjacent to the circular arc cutting edge (8) is W2, and the requirements are met: w1 is more than or equal to 0.5mm and more than or equal to 0.15mm, W2 is more than or equal to 0.2mm, W2 is more than W1, W2 gradually increases from the arc cutting edge (8) to the main cutting edge (7), an included angle alpha 1 is formed between the rake face of the arc cutting edge (8) and the upper surface (3), and an included angle alpha 2 is formed between the rake face of the main cutting edge (7) adjacent to the arc cutting edge (8) and the upper surface (3), so that the following requirements are met: 25 degrees is more than or equal to alpha 1 and more than or equal to 18 degrees, 23 degrees is more than or equal to alpha 2 and more than or equal to 15 degrees, and 4 degrees is more than or equal to alpha 1-alpha 2 and more than or equal to 2 degrees.
5. Indexable turning insert according to claim 2, characterized in that: upper surface (3), lower surface (4) have the same and symmetrical structure, main cutting edge (7), circular arc cutting edge (8) and chip breaker unit are symmetrical about the angular bisector of the knife tip apex angle of blade body (1), accuse bits bellying (12) in the chip breaker unit with keep away empty recess (11) about the angular bisector symmetry of the knife tip apex angle of blade body (1), accuse bits boss (15) are symmetrical about the angular bisector of the knife tip apex angle of blade body (1).
6. Indexable turning insert according to claim 2, characterized in that: at least three clearance grooves (11) are arranged in the arc chip breaker groove (10) of any chip breaker groove unit, the arrangement direction of the clearance grooves (11) and the adjacent main cutting edge (7) form an included angle beta, and the clearance grooves (11) are gradually increased in the direction from the angular bisector position of the tip apex angle to the tail end of the arc cutting edge (8), and meet the following requirements: beta is more than or equal to 50 degrees and more than or equal to 17.5 degrees, the arrangement direction of the clearance grooves (11) in the chip breaker grooves (9) of the main cutting edges forms an included angle epsilon with the adjacent main cutting edges (7), and each clearance groove (11) gradually increases in the direction from the arc cutting edge (8) to the main cutting edge (7), and the clearance grooves meet the following requirements: the angle of 90 degrees is more than or equal to epsilon and more than or equal to 45 degrees.
7. Indexable turning insert according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: accuse bits bellying (12) set up the direction and become contained angle k with adjacent main cutting edge (7), and each accuse bits bellying (12) is along circular arc cutting edge (8) k crescent in main cutting edge (7) direction to satisfy: k is more than or equal to 45 degrees and is more than or equal to 90 degrees.
8. Indexable turning insert according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: the minimum vertical distance between the front end and the rear end of the clearance groove (11) in the main cutting edge chip breaker groove (9) and the corresponding main cutting edge (7) is P and Q respectively, and the requirements are met: p is more than or equal to 0.8mm and more than or equal to 0.25mm, Q is more than or equal to 1.5mm and more than or equal to 0.8mm, the minimum distances between the front end and the rear end of the clearance groove (11) in the arc chip breaker groove (10) and the corresponding arc cutting edge (8) are respectively T and U, and the following requirements are met: t is more than or equal to 0.8mm and more than or equal to 0.25mm, U is more than or equal to 1.2mm and more than or equal to 0.5mm, on a plane section which is perpendicular to the upper surface and along the arrangement direction of the clearance groove (11), the contour line of the clearance groove (11) is formed by connecting a straight line and a concave arc in a tangent mode, the length of the straight line section of the cross-section contour line of the clearance groove (11) in the main cutting edge chip breaker groove (9) is Wb and an included angle alpha 4 formed by the straight line section and the upper surface, the radius of the concave arc is Rc, the vertical distance between the bottom point of the concave arc Rc and the main cutting edge is h3, and the requirements are met: 0.5mm is more than or equal to Wb and more than or equal to 0.25mm,30 degrees is more than or equal to alpha 4 and more than or equal to 20 degrees, 0.6mm is more than or equal to Rc and more than or equal to 0.25mm,0.35mm is more than or equal to h3 and more than or equal to 0.15mm, the length of a straight line section of a section contour line of a clearance groove (11) in the arc chip breaker groove (10) is Wc, an included angle formed between the straight line section and the upper surface is alpha 5, the radius of a concave arc is Rd, and the vertical distance between the bottom point of the concave arc Rd and an arc cutting edge (8) is h4, and the requirements are met: wc is more than or equal to 0.35mm and more than or equal to 0.1mm, alpha 4 is more than or equal to 25 degrees at 35 degrees, rd is more than or equal to 0.25mm at 0.5mm and more than or equal to 0.27mm and more than or equal to h4 and more than or equal to 0.15mm.
9. Indexable turning insert according to claim 4, characterized in that: the minimum vertical distance between the front end and the rear end of the chip control protruding part (12) in the chip breaker groove (9) of the main cutting edge and the corresponding main cutting edge (7) is L and D respectively, and the chip breaker groove meets the following requirements: l is more than or equal to 0.8mm and more than or equal to 0.25mm, D is more than or equal to 3.5mm and more than or equal to 0.8mm, L and D of each chip control bulge (12) are gradually increased along the direction from the arc cutting edge (8) to the main cutting edge (7), on the plane section which is perpendicular to the upper surface and along the setting direction of the chip control bulge (12), the contour line of the chip control bulge (12) is formed by tangent connection of a straight line, a concave arc and a convex arc, wherein the length of the straight line is Wa, the included angle formed by the straight line and the upper surface is alpha 3, the radius of the concave arc is Ra, the radius of the convex arc is Rb, the vertical distance between the bottom point of the concave arc Ra and the main cutting edge is h1, and the vertical distance between the bottom point of the concave arc Ra and the top point of the convex arc Rb is h2, and the following conditions are met: rb is more than Ra,0.8mm is more than or equal to Wa and more than or equal to 0.25mm,15 degrees is more than or equal to alpha 3 and more than or equal to 10 degrees, alpha 2 is more than alpha 3,1.5mm is more than or equal to Ra and more than or equal to 0.5mm,2.5mm is more than or equal to Rb and more than or equal to 1.0mm,0.15mm is more than or equal to h1 and more than or equal to 0.05mm,0.17mm is more than or equal to h2 and more than or equal to 0.05mm, the distance between the front ends of adjacent chip control bulges (12) in the chip breaker groove (9) of the main cutting edge is S, and the chip control bulges meet the following requirements: s is larger than or equal to 0.8mm at 1.5mm, the vertical distance of the front end of a first chip control protruding part (12) close to the arc cutting edge (8) at the intersection of the arc cutting edge (8) and the main cutting edge (7) along the direction of the main cutting edge (7) is Sa, and the requirements are met: sa is more than or equal to 0.35mm and more than or equal to 0.15mm.
10. Indexable turning insert according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: main cutting edge chip breaker (9) include by main cutting edge (7) to main cutting edge rake face (91) and main cutting edge curved surface recess (92) that centre bore (2) direction of blade body (1) set gradually to the plane of perpendicular to main cutting edge (7) is the vertical section, on this vertical section, the outline line of main cutting edge chip breaker (9) is tangent the connection constitution with concave circular arc curve for the straight line, and wherein, the straight line is the outline line of main cutting edge rake face (91), and concave circular arc curve is the outline line of main cutting edge curved surface recess (92), and in centre bore (2) direction by main cutting edge (7) to blade body (1), the radius of curvature Ri of each point on the concave circular arc curve crescent, and satisfy: ri is more than or equal to 5.0mm and more than or equal to 0.35mm.
11. An indexable turning insert according to claim 10, wherein: the curvature radius Rh of the lowest point of a concave circular curve contour line formed by the main cutting edge curved surface groove (92) on each vertical section is gradually increased in the direction from the circular cutting edge (8) to the main cutting edge (7).
12. Indexable turning insert according to claim 2, characterized in that: accuse bits boss (15) are symmetrical about the angular bisector of blade body (1) knife tip apex angle, and on the angular bisector direction of knife tip apex angle, the distance of accuse bits boss (15) front end and circular arc cutting edge (8) is H, and satisfies: h is more than or equal to 0.8mm and is more than or equal to 2.0mm, the maximum width of the chip control boss (15) is Wd and meets the following requirements: 1.2mm is more than or equal to Wd and more than or equal to 0.5mm, the angular bisector of the tip apex angle is taken as a cross section, the contour line of the chip control boss (15) in the cross section is a convex arc curve, the radius of the convex arc curve is Re, and the vertical distance between the vertex of the convex arc curve and the arc cutting edge (8) is h5, and the requirements are met: re is more than or equal to 2.5mm and more than or equal to 1.5mm, and h5 is more than or equal to 0.1mm and more than or equal to 0.15mm.
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| CN202211196830.7A CN115446339B (en) | 2022-09-28 | 2022-09-28 | Indexable turning blade |
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