CN115446105A - Soil comprehensive treatment method - Google Patents
Soil comprehensive treatment method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115446105A CN115446105A CN202211078110.0A CN202211078110A CN115446105A CN 115446105 A CN115446105 A CN 115446105A CN 202211078110 A CN202211078110 A CN 202211078110A CN 115446105 A CN115446105 A CN 115446105A
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- soil
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/08—Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B49/00—Combined machines
- A01B49/02—Combined machines with two or more soil-working tools of different kind
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B49/00—Combined machines
- A01B49/04—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/10—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes
- B09C1/105—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes using fungi or plants
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C2101/00—In situ
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Abstract
The invention discloses a soil comprehensive treatment method, which is characterized in that the soil to be repaired is treated by combining calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite, noro fertilizer and organic passivation, so that the physical and chemical properties of the soil are changed, the quantity of fungi in the soil is increased, and the forms of heavy metals in the soil are converted from active forms into relatively stable forms, thereby reducing the adverse effect of the heavy metals on the environment, and the fungi absorb the passivated heavy metal elements. On the other hand, the organic passivation can not only passivate heavy metals in soil, but also form putrefactive substances in soil, form granular substances, increase fertility, and improve soil structure and cultivation performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soil treatment, in particular to a comprehensive soil treatment method.
Background
With the development of science and technology, the development of modern industry, the irrigation of waste water, the drifting of various pollutants and the application of pesticides, a lot of land is polluted to different degrees, some land becomes a blank land, so that a part of the land which can be cultivated on the earth is less and less, huge loss is caused to agricultural production, and the survival of human beings is threatened greatly. Therefore, people pay more and more attention to the correct method for solving the soil pollution problem, and the heavy metal influences the most in the soil pollution problem.
At present, two methods for remedying the heavy metal pollution of the soil mainly comprise a physical remediation method and a chemical remediation method, wherein the chemical remediation method mainly comprises the steps of dissolving the heavy metal in the soil by using a reagent, transferring the heavy metal into the reagent, and then recovering and treating the reagent. By adopting the method, the consumed reagent amount is large, chemical reagent residues are easy to cause to damage the soil environment, and the remediation and treatment effect is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a soil comprehensive treatment method and aims to improve the soil remediation effect.
In order to achieve the purpose, the soil comprehensive treatment method provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: providing soil to be restored, turning the soil to be restored, naturally drying the soil for 5 to 7 days, and smashing the dried soil to be restored;
step two: providing calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite, a Noro fertilizer and a spraying device, wherein the spraying device comprises a rack, and a front-section soil loosening mechanism, a fertilizing assembly and a rear-section soil loosening mechanism which are sequentially arranged along the length direction of the rack at intervals, the calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite and the Noro fertilizer are mixed and placed in the fertilizing assembly, the fertilizing assembly applies a mixture to the soil to be repaired, the front-section soil loosening mechanism and the rear-section soil loosening mechanism loosen the soil to be repaired, so that the mixture is uniformly mixed with the soil to be repaired, and then the soil to be repaired is subjected to soil turning treatment for 2-3 times, and water is sprayed to the surface of the soil each time during the period, and the soil to be repaired is placed for 5-14 days;
step three: and providing an organic passivation, uniformly applying the organic passivation to the surface of the soil to be repaired, and turning the soil to uniformly mix the soil to be repaired and the organic passivation.
In a preferred embodiment, in the second step, the mass of the calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite added is 0.5% -2.5% of the mass of the soil to be repaired, and the mass ratio of the calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite to the Noro fertilizer is 1:2.6.
In a preferred embodiment, in the second step, the soil to be restored is periodically sprinkled within 5 to 14 days of placement, so that the water content of the soil to be restored is kept between 18 and 20 percent.
In a preferred embodiment, in the third step, the organic passivation substance is one or a mixture of biogas slurry, compost, charcoal and plant ash.
In a preferred embodiment, in the third step, the organic passivation is applied for 5 times, the time interval between the applications is 1-2 months, the total amount of the applications is 10-15 tons/mu,
in a preferred embodiment, when the organic passivation substance is applied to the soil to be repaired, river sand soil with the same quality is applied at the same time, and soil turning treatment is performed on the soil to be repaired after the application.
In a preferred embodiment, in the second step, deionized water is sprayed to the soil surface to be repaired each time.
In a preferred embodiment, in the step one, in the step of turning the soil to be restored, the turning depth is 20-30cm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
1. the basic physicochemical property of soil can be changed through the calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite, so that the form of heavy metal in the soil is converted from an active form into a relatively stable form, the adverse effect of the heavy metal on the environment is reduced, meanwhile, the Novo fertilizer is added into the soil to be repaired, the fertility level of the Novo fertilizer is improved, meanwhile, the Novo fertilizer can provide nutrition for the soil and fungi in a subsequently added organic passivation substance, the capability of the fungi for adsorbing metal elements in the soil is improved, and the double repairing effect is achieved, namely, the calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite passivates the heavy metal elements firstly, and then the Novo fertilizer indirectly catalyzes the fungi to enable the calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite to be matched with each other to adsorb the passivated heavy metal elements;
2. in the subsequent step, the organic passivation can passivate the residual heavy metal elements in the soil, and form putrefactive substances and granular substances in the soil, so that the fertility is increased, and the structure and cultivation performance of the soil are fundamentally improved. The method combines the microbial remediation, the organic passivator and the inorganic passivator, so that the effect of the remediation and the treatment of the heavy metal soil is better;
3. in this application, spraying device is provided with the anterior segment mechanism that loosens the soil that the interval set up in proper order, fertilization subassembly and back end mechanism that loosens the soil, the subassembly of fertilizeing is put into to calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite and the mixture of the nuo woo fertilizer, spraying device is when treating prosthetic soil surface and marcing, anterior segment mechanism that loosens the soil in advance earlier, increase the area of contact and the degree of depth of soil and mixture, the subassembly of fertilizing is with the mixture spraying in soil surface, back end mechanism that loosens the soil stirs soil and mixture once more, with both intensive mixing, the effect of repairing soil is better like this, work efficiency is higher.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the structures shown in the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the steps of a soil comprehensive treatment method of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a spraying apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the spraying device shown in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 isbase:Sub>A cross-sectional view of the spraying device shown in FIG. 3 taken along A-A;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the spraying device shown in FIG. 3 taken along the direction B-B.
The reference numbers illustrate:
Detailed Description
The terms first, second, third, etc. are used herein to describe various portions, components, regions, layers and/or sections, but these portions, components, regions, layers and/or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element, component, region, layer or section from another element, component, region, layer or section. Thus, a first part, component, region, layer and/or section discussed below could be termed a second part, component, region, layer and/or section without departing from the scope of the present invention.
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, actions, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of other features, integers, steps, actions, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.
Although not otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. To the extent that terms are defined within a dictionary, they should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with that of the relevant art documents and disclosures made herein, and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
The invention provides a comprehensive soil treatment method with reference to fig. 1.
In the embodiment of the invention, the soil comprehensive treatment method comprises the following steps:
s10, step one: providing soil to be restored, turning the soil to be restored, naturally drying the soil for 5 to 7 days, and smashing the dried soil to be restored;
specifically, in the step, the soil to be restored can be turned manually or mechanically, and the turning depth is 20-30cm, so that the soil can be restored, and the fertility of the soil can be kept to the maximum extent. And after the soil is turned, the soil to be repaired is aired for 5-7 days under natural conditions so as to have the functions of disinsection and sterilization, increase the gas exchange in the soil to be repaired, improve the soil structure, and break the soil to be repaired after natural air drying.
S20, step two: providing calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite, noro fertilizer and a spraying device 100, wherein the spraying device 100 comprises a rack, and a front-section soil loosening mechanism, a fertilizing assembly and a rear-section soil loosening mechanism which are sequentially arranged along the length direction of the rack at intervals, the calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite and the Noro fertilizer are mixed and placed in the fertilizing assembly, the fertilizing assembly applies a mixture to the soil to be repaired, the front-section soil loosening mechanism and the rear-section soil loosening mechanism loosen the soil to be repaired, so that the mixture and the soil to be repaired are uniformly mixed, then the soil to be repaired is subjected to soil turning treatment for 2-3 times, water is sprayed to the surface of the soil each time during the soil turning treatment, and the soil to be repaired is placed for 5-14 days;
in the step, the calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite may be commercially available calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite, the norvo fertilizer is fermentation residue of potato flour and corn starch as raw materials, the two are mixed in advance, the mixture is uniformly sprayed on the surface of the soil to be repaired by using the spraying device 100, the total amount of the applied calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite is 0.5-2.5% of the mass of the soil to be repaired, and the mass ratio of the calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite to the norvo fertilizer is 1:2.6, namely the total adding amount of the Noro fertilizer is 1.3-6.5% of the mass of the soil to be restored, wherein the mass of the soil to be restored is calculated by the soil turning depth of 20-30cm, namely the soil to be restored is obtained by multiplying the area of the soil to be restored by the soil turning depth and then multiplying by the density of the soil to be restored, and the soil to be restored is subjected to soil turning treatment for 2-3 times after the soil to be restored is applied, wherein the soil turning treatment can be manual work, or the spraying device 100 of the application can be adopted, namely when the surface of the soil to be restored advances, the mixture of the calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite and the Noro fertilizer is not added into the applying component. So that the soil and both are uniformly mixed. In addition, the calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite and the Noro fertilizer can be applied at one time or alternatively applied in the process of turning soil for multiple times. Meanwhile, in the process of uniformly mixing the soil to be restored, the calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite and the Noro fertilizer through soil turning, deionized water is sprayed on the surface of the soil to be restored each time to accelerate the mixing reaction of the calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite and the soil to be restored and reduce the residual of metal elements in the soil to be restored, the total amount of the deionized water spraying is determined according to the situation, and the water content of the soil to be restored is kept at 18% -20% after 2-3 times of soil turning treatment. And then placing for 5-14 days to enable the calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite and the Noro fertilizer to react with the soil to be repaired, mineralizing heavy metals in the soil, improving the fertility of the soil, and regularly spraying water on the soil to be repaired in the period to keep the water content of the soil to be repaired at 18-20%.
S30, step three: and providing an organic passivation, uniformly applying the organic passivation to the surface of the soil to be repaired, and turning the soil to be repaired so as to uniformly mix the soil to be repaired with the organic passivation.
In the step, the organic passivation substance can be one or a mixture of biogas slurry, compost, biochar and plant ash, the organic passivation substance is applied after the soil to be repaired and the calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite react for 5-14 days, the total amount of the application is 10-15 tons/mu, the application is carried out for 5 times, the application interval time is 1-2 months, the application mode can be directly applied to the surface of the soil to be repaired, or the organic passivation substance and the soil to be repaired are uniformly mixed through soil turning treatment after the application. In addition, when the machine passivation substance is applied, river sand soil with the same quality can be applied to the soil to be restored, the soil to be restored is turned over after the machine passivation substance is applied, so that the river sand soil, the soil to be restored and the soil to be restored are uniformly mixed, the viscosity of the soil is reduced by applying the river sand soil, the air permeability of the soil is increased, and the soil texture structure is improved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects: firstly, the basic physicochemical property of soil can be changed through calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite, so that the form of heavy metal in the soil is converted from an active form into a relatively stable form, the adverse effect of the heavy metal on the environment is reduced, meanwhile, a Noro fertilizer is added into the soil to be repaired, the fertility level of the Noro fertilizer is improved, meanwhile, nutrition can be provided for the soil and fungi in a subsequently added organic passivation substance, the capability of the fungi for adsorbing the metal elements in the soil is improved, and a double repairing effect is achieved, namely, the calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite passivates the heavy metal elements firstly, and then the Noro fertilizer indirectly catalyzes the fungi in the soil and the organic passivation substance to enable the Noro fertilizer to be matched with each other to adsorb the passivated heavy metal elements; and secondly, in the subsequent step, the organic passivation can passivate the residual heavy metal elements in the soil, and putrefactive substances and granular substances are formed in the soil, so that the fertility is increased, and the structure and the cultivation performance of the soil are fundamentally improved. The method combining microbial remediation, the organic passivator and the inorganic passivator has a better effect on the remediation and treatment of heavy metal soil; thirdly, in this application, spraying device 100 is provided with the anterior segment mechanism that loosens the soil that the interval set up in proper order, subassembly and the back end mechanism that loosens the soil of fertilizeing of fertiliziing, the subassembly of fertiliziing is put into to calcium aluminium hydrotalcite and the nuo fertile mixture, spraying device 100 is when treating prosthetic soil surface marcing, anterior segment mechanism that loosens the soil in advance earlier, increase the area of contact and the degree of depth of soil and mixture, the subassembly of fertiliziing is sprayed the mixture in soil surface, back end mechanism that loosens the soil stirs soil and mixture once more, with both intensive mixing, the effect of repairing soil is better like this, work efficiency is higher.
The present invention will be described in more detail by way of experimental examples. Selecting a polluted test paddy field, equally dividing the polluted test paddy field into 14 regions, wherein the size of each region is 5.5m × 3m, the distance between the test paddy fields is 2-5 m, isolating the test paddy fields by using isolation belts to avoid the mutual influence of test results, and repairing the soil in the 14 regions by respectively adopting the following methods, wherein the initial PH value of the soil is 8.1, and the content of heavy metal elements is as follows: 3.56mg/kg of cadmium (Cd), 8.16mg/kg of mercury (Hg), 40.17mg/kg of arsenic (As), 359.18mg/kg of lead (Pb) chromium (Cr) 456.89mg \\ \ kg, \ kg copper (Cu) 406.17mg \ kg, and zinc (Zu) 460.96mg \ kg.
Example 1
A soil comprehensive treatment method comprises the following steps:
s10, step one: providing soil to be restored, turning the soil to be restored to a depth of 20-30cm, airing the soil to be restored for 5-7 days under natural conditions after turning, and smashing the soil to be restored after natural air drying.
S20, step two: the method comprises the steps of providing calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite and a Noro fertilizer, mixing the calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite and the Noro fertilizer, uniformly applying the calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite and the Noro fertilizer to the surface of soil to be repaired by using a spraying device 100, wherein the total amount of the calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite is 0.5% of the mass of the soil to be repaired, the total amount of the Noro fertilizer is 1.3% of the mass of the soil to be repaired, turning the soil of the soil to be repaired for 2-3 times after the calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite is applied, spraying deionized water to the surface of the soil to be repaired each time in the soil turning process, accelerating the mixing reaction of the calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite and the Noro fertilizer and the soil to be repaired, and spraying the deionized water to the soil to be repaired to achieve the water content of 19%. And then placing for 7 days, and regularly spraying water on the soil to be repaired in the period so that the water content of the soil to be repaired is kept at 19 percent.
S30, a third step: providing an organic passivation substance and river sand soil, wherein the organic passivation substance is selected as biogas slurry, the application is started after the reaction of the soil to be repaired with the calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite and the Noro fertilizer is finished for 7 days, the total application amount is respectively 10 tons/mu, the application is carried out for 5 times in total, the application interval time is 1 month, and the soil to be repaired is subjected to soil turning treatment after the application.
Example 2
A soil comprehensive treatment method comprises the following steps:
s10, step one: providing soil to be restored, turning the soil to be restored to a depth of 20-30cm, airing the soil to be restored for 5-7 days under natural conditions after turning, and smashing the soil to be restored after natural air drying.
S20, step two: the method comprises the steps of providing calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite and a Noro fertilizer, mixing the calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite and the Noro fertilizer, uniformly applying the calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite and the Noro fertilizer to the surface of soil to be repaired by using a spraying device 100, wherein the total amount of the calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite is 1.3% of the mass of the soil to be repaired, the total amount of the Noro fertilizer is 3.38% of the mass of the soil to be repaired, turning the soil of the soil to be repaired for 2-3 times after the calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite is applied, spraying deionized water to the surface of the soil to be repaired each time in the soil turning process, accelerating the mixing reaction of the calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite and the Noro fertilizer and the soil to be repaired, and spraying the deionized water to the soil to be repaired to achieve the water content of 18%. And then the soil to be repaired is placed for 5 days, and water spraying treatment is carried out on the soil to be repaired regularly during the period, so that the water content of the soil to be repaired is kept at 18%.
S30, a third step: providing an organic passivation substance and river sand soil, wherein the organic passivation substance is selected from compost, the application is started after the reaction of the soil to be repaired with calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite and Noro fertile is finished for 5 days, the total application amount is 12 tons/mu respectively, the application is carried out for 5 times in total, the application interval time is 1 month, and the soil to be repaired is subjected to soil turning treatment after the application.
Example 3
A soil comprehensive treatment method comprises the following steps:
s10, step one: providing soil to be restored, turning the soil to be restored to a depth of 20-30cm, airing the soil to be restored for 5-7 days under natural conditions after turning, and smashing the soil to be restored after natural air drying.
S20, step two: the method comprises the steps of providing calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite and a Noro fertilizer, mixing the calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite and the Noro fertilizer, uniformly applying the calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite and the Noro fertilizer to the surface of soil to be repaired by using a spraying device 100, wherein the total amount of the calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite is 1.8% of the mass of the soil to be repaired, the total amount of the Noro fertilizer is 4.68% of the mass of the soil to be repaired, turning the soil of the soil to be repaired for 2-3 times after the calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite is applied, spraying deionized water to the surface of the soil to be repaired each time in the soil turning process, accelerating the mixing reaction of the calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite and the Noro fertilizer and the soil to be repaired, and spraying the deionized water to the soil to be repaired to achieve the water content of 20%. And then placing for 12 days, and regularly spraying water on the soil to be repaired in the period so that the water content of the soil to be repaired is kept at 20%.
S30, step three: providing an organic passivation substance and river sand soil, wherein the organic passivation substance is biochar, the application is started after the soil to be repaired, calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite and Noro fertilizer react for 12 days, the total application amount is 14 tons/mu respectively, the application is carried out for 5 times in total, the application interval time is one half and a half, and the soil to be repaired is subjected to soil turning treatment after the application.
Example 4
A soil comprehensive treatment method comprises the following steps:
s10, step one: providing soil to be restored, turning the soil to be restored to a depth of 20-30cm, airing the soil to be restored for 5-7 days under natural conditions after turning, and smashing the soil to be restored after natural air drying.
S20, step two: the method comprises the steps of providing calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite and a Noro fertilizer, mixing the calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite and the Noro fertilizer, uniformly applying the calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite and the Noro fertilizer to the surface of soil to be repaired by using a spraying device 100, wherein the total amount of the calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite is 2.5% of the mass of the soil to be repaired, the total amount of the Noro fertilizer is 6.5% of the mass of the soil to be repaired, turning soil for 2-3 times after the application is finished, spraying deionized water to the surface of the soil to be repaired each time in the soil turning process to accelerate the mixing reaction of the calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite, the Noro fertilizer and the soil to be repaired, and spraying the deionized water to ensure that the water content of the soil to be repaired is 19%. And then the soil to be repaired is placed for 14 days, and water spraying treatment is carried out on the soil to be repaired regularly in the period, so that the water content of the soil to be repaired is kept at 19%.
S30, step three: providing an organic passivation substance and river sand soil, wherein the organic passivation substance is plant ash, the application of the organic passivation substance is started after the soil to be repaired is reacted with the calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite and the Noro fertilizer for 14 days, the total application amount is 15 tons/mu respectively, the application times are 5 times in total, the application interval time is 2 months, and the soil to be repaired is subjected to soil turning treatment after the application.
Comparative example 1
The difference between the embodiment and the embodiment 1 is that the total amount of the applied calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite is different, the application amount of the calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite is less than that of the embodiment 1, and the soil comprehensive treatment method comprises the following steps:
s10, step one: providing soil to be restored, turning the soil to be restored to a depth of 20-30cm, airing the soil to be restored for 5-7 days under natural conditions after turning, and smashing the soil to be restored after natural air drying.
S20, step two: the method comprises the steps of providing calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite and a Noro fertilizer, mixing the calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite and the Noro fertilizer, uniformly applying the calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite and the Noro fertilizer to the surface of soil to be repaired by using a spraying device 100, wherein the total amount of the calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite is 0.1% of the mass of the soil to be repaired, the total amount of the Noro fertilizer is 0.26% of the mass of the soil to be repaired, turning the soil of the soil to be repaired for 2-3 times after the calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite is applied, spraying deionized water to the surface of the soil to be repaired each time in the soil turning process to accelerate the mixing reaction of the calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite and the Noro fertilizer and the soil to be repaired, and spraying the deionized water to ensure that the water content of the soil to be repaired is 19%. And then placing for 7 days, and regularly spraying water on the soil to be repaired in the period so that the water content of the soil to be repaired is kept at 19 percent.
S30, step three: providing an organic passivation substance and river sand soil, wherein the organic passivation substance is selected as biogas slurry, the application is started after the reaction of the soil to be repaired with calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite and Noro fertilizer is finished for 7 days, the total application amount is 10 tons/mu respectively, the application is carried out for 5 times in total, the application interval time is 1 month, and the soil to be repaired is subjected to soil turning treatment after the application.
Comparative example 2
The difference between the embodiment and the embodiment 1 is that the total amount of the calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite is different, and the application amount of the calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite is more than that of the embodiment 1, and the soil comprehensive treatment method comprises the following steps:
s10, step one: providing soil to be restored, turning the soil to be restored to a depth of 20-30cm, airing the soil to be restored for 5-7 days under natural conditions after turning, and smashing the soil to be restored after natural air drying.
S20, step two: the method comprises the steps of providing calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite and a Noro fertilizer, mixing the calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite and the Noro fertilizer, uniformly applying the calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite and the Noro fertilizer to the surface of soil to be repaired by using a spraying device 100, wherein the total amount of the calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite is 3.5% of the mass of the soil to be repaired, the total amount of the Noro fertilizer is 9.1% of the mass of the soil to be repaired, turning the soil of the soil to be repaired for 2-3 times after the calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite is applied, spraying deionized water to the surface of the soil to be repaired each time in the soil turning process, accelerating the mixing reaction of the calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite and the Noro fertilizer and the soil to be repaired, and spraying the deionized water to the soil to be repaired to achieve the water content of 19%. And then placing for 7 days, and regularly spraying water on the soil to be repaired in the period so that the water content of the soil to be repaired is kept at 19 percent.
S30, step three: providing an organic passivation substance and river sand soil, wherein the organic passivation substance is selected as biogas slurry, the application is started after the reaction of the soil to be repaired with calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite and Noro fertilizer is finished for 7 days, the total application amount is 10 tons/mu respectively, the application is carried out for 5 times in total, the application interval time is 1 month, and the soil to be repaired is subjected to soil turning treatment after the application.
Comparative example 3
The difference between the embodiment and the embodiment 1 is that no Norwalk fertilizer is added in the embodiment, and the soil comprehensive treatment method comprises the following steps:
s10, step one: providing soil to be restored, turning the soil to be restored to a depth of 20-30cm, airing the soil to be restored for 5-7 days under natural conditions after turning, and smashing the soil to be restored after natural air drying.
S20, step two: providing calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite, uniformly applying the calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite on the surface of soil to be repaired by using a spraying device 100, wherein the total amount of the calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite is 0.5% of the mass of the soil to be repaired, performing soil turning treatment on the soil to be repaired for 2-3 times after the calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite is applied, spraying deionized water on the surface of the soil to be repaired every time in the soil turning process to accelerate the mixing reaction of the calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite and the soil to be repaired, and spraying the deionized water to ensure that the water content of the soil to be repaired is 19%. And then placing for 7 days, and periodically spraying water on the soil to be restored in the period of time so that the water content of the soil to be restored is kept at 19%.
S30, step three: providing an organic passivation substance and river sand soil, wherein the organic passivation substance is selected as biogas slurry, the application is started after the reaction of the soil to be repaired and calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite is finished for 7 days, the total application amount is 10 tons/mu respectively, the application is carried out for 5 times in total, the application interval time is 1 month, and the soil to be repaired is subjected to soil turning treatment after the application.
Comparative example 4
The difference between the embodiment and the embodiment 1 is that the addition ratio of the Noro fertilizer is different, the other steps are the same, and the mass ratio of the calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite to the Noro fertilizer is 1: 1.
Comparative example 5
This example differs from example 1 in that in step three, no river sand was added.
A soil comprehensive treatment method comprises the following steps:
s10, step one: providing soil to be restored, turning the soil to be restored to a depth of 20-30cm, airing the soil to be restored for 5-7 days under natural conditions after turning, and smashing the soil to be restored after natural air drying.
S20, step two: the method comprises the steps of providing calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite and a Noro fertilizer, mixing the calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite and the Noro fertilizer, uniformly applying the calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite and the Noro fertilizer to the surface of soil to be repaired by using a spraying device 100, wherein the total amount of the calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite is 0.5% of the mass of the soil to be repaired, the total amount of the Noro fertilizer is 1.3% of the mass of the soil to be repaired, turning the soil of the soil to be repaired for 2-3 times after the calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite is applied, spraying deionized water to the surface of the soil to be repaired each time in the soil turning process, accelerating the mixing reaction of the calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite and the Noro fertilizer and the soil to be repaired, and spraying the deionized water to the soil to be repaired to achieve the water content of 19%. And then placing for 7 days, and periodically spraying water on the soil to be restored in the period of time so that the water content of the soil to be restored is kept at 19%.
S30, step three: providing an organic passivation substance, wherein the organic passivation substance is selected as biogas slurry, the application is started after the reaction of the soil to be repaired and the calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite is finished for 7 days, the total application amount is 10 tons/mu respectively, the application is carried out for 5 times in total, the application interval time is 1 month, and the soil to be repaired is subjected to soil turning treatment after the application.
Comparative example 6
This example differs from example 1 in the total amount of calcium aluminium hydrotalcite applied and the time the soil to be remediated was left to stand.
A soil comprehensive treatment method comprises the following steps:
s10, a first step: providing soil to be restored, turning the soil to be restored to a depth of 20-30cm, airing the soil to be restored for 5-7 days under natural conditions after turning, and smashing the soil to be restored after natural air drying.
S20, step two: the method comprises the steps of providing calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite and a Noro fertilizer, mixing the calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite and the Noro fertilizer, uniformly applying the calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite and the Noro fertilizer to the surface of soil to be repaired by using a spraying device 100, wherein the total amount of the calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite is 0.1% of the mass of the soil to be repaired, the total amount of the Noro fertilizer is 0.26% of the mass of the soil to be repaired, turning the soil of the soil to be repaired for 2-3 times after the calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite is applied, spraying deionized water to the surface of the soil to be repaired each time in the soil turning process to accelerate the mixing reaction of the calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite and the Noro fertilizer and the soil to be repaired, and spraying the deionized water to ensure that the water content of the soil to be repaired is 19%. And then placing for 2 days, and regularly spraying water on the soil to be repaired in the period so that the water content of the soil to be repaired is kept at 19 percent.
S30, step three: providing an organic passivation substance and river sand soil, wherein the organic passivation substance is selected as biogas slurry, the application is started after the reaction of the soil to be repaired and calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite is finished for 7 days, the total application amount is 10 tons/mu respectively, the application is carried out for 5 times in total, the application interval time is 1 month, and the soil to be repaired is subjected to soil turning treatment after the application.
Comparative example 7
The difference between the embodiment and the embodiment 1 is that the total amount of the applied calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite and the time for placing the soil to be repaired are different, wherein the total amount of the applied calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite is 4.0% of the mass of the soil to be repaired, the time for placing the soil is 21 days, and the rest steps are the same.
Comparative example 8
This example is different from example 1 in that an organic passivation was not added in step three.
A soil comprehensive treatment method comprises the following steps:
s10, step one: providing soil to be restored, turning the soil to be restored to a depth of 20-30cm, airing the soil to be restored for 5-7 days under natural conditions after turning, and smashing the soil to be restored after natural air drying.
S20, step two: the method comprises the steps of providing calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite and a Noro fertilizer, mixing the calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite and the Noro fertilizer, uniformly applying the calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite and the Noro fertilizer to the surface of soil to be repaired by using a spraying device 100, wherein the total amount of the calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite is 0.5% of the mass of the soil to be repaired, the total amount of the Noro fertilizer is 1.3% of the mass of the soil to be repaired, turning the soil of the soil to be repaired for 2-3 times after the calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite is applied, spraying deionized water to the surface of the soil to be repaired each time in the soil turning process, accelerating the mixing reaction of the calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite and the Noro fertilizer and the soil to be repaired, and spraying the deionized water to the soil to be repaired to achieve the water content of 19%. And then placing for 7 days, and regularly spraying water on the soil to be repaired in the period so that the water content of the soil to be repaired is kept at 19 percent.
S30, step three: and providing river sand soil, wherein the application is started after the reaction of the soil to be repaired and the calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite is finished for 7 days, the total application amount is 10 tons/mu respectively, the application is carried out for 5 times in total, the application interval time is 1 month, and the soil to be repaired is subjected to soil turning treatment after the application.
Comparative example 9
This example differs from example 1 in that the total amount of organic passivation and river sand applied was different.
A soil comprehensive treatment method comprises the following steps:
s10, step one: providing soil to be restored, turning the soil to be restored to a depth of 20-30cm, airing the soil to be restored for 5-7 days under natural conditions after turning the soil, and smashing the soil to be restored after natural airing.
S20, step two: the method comprises the steps of providing calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite and a Noro fertilizer, mixing the calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite and the Noro fertilizer, uniformly applying the calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite and the Noro fertilizer to the surface of soil to be repaired by using a spraying device 100, wherein the total amount of the calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite is 0.5% of the mass of the soil to be repaired, the total amount of the Noro fertilizer is 1.3% of the mass of the soil to be repaired, turning the soil of the soil to be repaired for 2-3 times after the calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite is applied, spraying deionized water to the surface of the soil to be repaired each time in the soil turning process, accelerating the mixing reaction of the calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite and the Noro fertilizer and the soil to be repaired, and spraying the deionized water to the soil to be repaired to achieve the water content of 19%. And then placing for 7 days, and regularly spraying water on the soil to be repaired in the period so that the water content of the soil to be repaired is kept at 19 percent.
S30, step three: providing an organic passivation substance and river sand soil, wherein the organic passivation substance is selected as biogas slurry, the application is started after the reaction of the soil to be repaired and calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite is finished for 7 days, the total application amount is 5 tons/mu respectively, the application is carried out for 5 times in total, the application interval time is 1 month, and the soil to be repaired is subjected to soil turning treatment after the application.
Comparative example 10
This example differs from example 1 in that the total amount of organic passivation and river sand applied was different. Wherein the applied organic passivation substance is biogas slurry, the total amount of the applied organic passivation substance is 25 tons/mu respectively, and other steps are the same as those in example 1.
The heavy metal content in the examples and the comparative examples was measured and compared with the risk control standard for soil pollution of agricultural land of soil environmental quality (GB 15618-2018), and the results are shown in table 1 below.
TABLE 1
The effects of examples and comparative examples on plant growth were determined, and in this case, taking the case of planting tartary buckwheat tea as an example, comparative example 11 and comparative example 12 were added, wherein comparative example 11 was planted in soil without any remediation measures, comparative example 12 was planted in soil without contamination, the same field treatment was applied to all examples and comparative examples, and since heavy metals affect the plant height, stem thickness, root length, etc. of tartary buckwheat tea, the results shown in Table 2 below were obtained by finally observing the growth conditions (average values) of tartary buckwheat tea
Please refer to fig. 2 and 3. The spraying device 10010 of the present invention specifically includes a frame 10, and a front loosening mechanism 20, a fertilizing assembly 30, and a rear loosening mechanism 40 that are sequentially disposed at intervals along the length direction of the frame 10. Specifically, the frame 10 is formed by welding metal profiles, the frame 10 includes a frame body 11 and rollers 13 disposed on the frame body 11, and a power connection end 12 is disposed at the front of the frame 10 and used for connecting with an external power source, such as a diesel vehicle, a cow, etc. The anterior segment soil loosening mechanism 20 comprises anterior segment soil loosening iron pears 21 arranged at a plurality of intervals, the rear segment soil loosening mechanism 40 comprises rear segment soil loosening iron pears 41 arranged at a plurality of intervals, and in the using process, the anterior segment soil loosening iron pears 21 and the rear segment soil loosening iron pears 41 are respectively embedded into soil to be repaired and advance on the surface of the soil to be repaired under the driving of a transport source to loosen the soil.
It should be noted that, in the present application, the front-stage loose-earth iron pears 21 and the rear-stage loose-earth iron pears 41 are arranged at staggered intervals in the width direction of the rack 10, that is, in the forward direction, both can cover all the soil in the space, so that the loose soil thereof or the mixture effect of the mixture and the soil to be repaired is better.
The material dispensing assembly 30 includes a mixing hopper 31, a material conveying screw 32, a discharging hopper 33 and a material dispensing hopper 34, wherein the mixing hopper 31 and the discharging hopper 33 are fixed to the frame 10 respectively and are oppositely disposed, and are located between the front soil loosening mechanism 20 and the rear soil loosening mechanism 40, the material conveying screw 32 includes a rod body and a driving motor connected to the rod body, the mixing hopper 31 and the discharging hopper 33 are connected through a material conveying pipe 35, and the rod body is rotatably disposed in the material conveying pipe 35. After the mixture is put into the mixing hopper 31, the driving motor drives the rod body to rotate, the mixture is conveyed to one side of the discharging hopper 33 from the mixing hopper 31 through the conveying pipe 35, a discharging hole communicated with an upper opening of the discharging head is formed in one side, facing the discharging hopper 33, of the conveying pipe 35, the mixture falls into the discharging hopper 33 under the action of gravity and is applied to the surface of the soil to be repaired through the applying hopper 34.
In this application, not only can and then control the volume of applying the mixture through passing material screw rod 32, moreover at the in-process of conveying, through passing material screw rod 32 coextrusion effect, can mix once more and smash the mixture to guarantee that the mixture of applying is more even, and then improve the repairing effect of soil.
Further, in the present application, the feeding hopper 34 includes a hopper body and a vibration motor, wherein the hopper body is a shell-shaped cavity structure, the whole upper portion of the hopper body is cylindrical, the lower portion of the hopper body is rectangular, the upper portion of the hopper body is sleeved on the lower portion of the discharging hopper 33, the hopper body is provided with a feeding cavity 34a and a plurality of feeding holes 34b, the bottom walls of the feeding cavity 34a are respectively inclined downward toward the two opposite sides of the rack 10, that is, the discharging hopper 33 is located in the middle portion of the rack 10 in the width direction, the bottom walls of the feeding cavity 34a are demarcated by the middle portion of the discharging hopper 33, the feeding cavity is inclined toward the two opposite sides of the rack 10 and is arranged toward the lower portion of the rack, the aperture of the feeding holes 34b is gradually increased along the inclined direction of the bottom walls of the feeding cavity, and the vibration motor (not shown) is arranged on the rack 10 and is in transmission connection with the hopper body.
In the present application, after the mixture falls from the discharge hopper 33 to the application cavity 34a, under the driving of the vibration motor, the hopper body vibrates with respect to the frame 10, and since the cavity bottom wall of Shi Liaoqiang a inclines towards the two opposite sides of the frame 10, part of the mixture also moves towards the two opposite sides of the frame 10 under the vibration effect, so that the soil to be repaired can be sprayed in a full coverage manner on the traveling path of the spraying device 10010, meanwhile, it can be understood that, after the mixture moves towards the two opposite sides of the frame 10 under the action of the vibration motor, since the material in Shi Liaoqiang a is gradually reduced, in order to make the amount of the mixture applied to the soil in each application hole 34b more average, the present application can balance the amount of the mixture applied to each point by increasing the aperture of the plurality of application holes 34b along the inclination direction of the cavity bottom wall, so that the amount of the mixture applied to the application cavity 34a is gradually reduced, thereby improving the effect of soil repair.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications and equivalents of the present invention, which are made by the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly/indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A soil comprehensive treatment method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: providing soil to be restored, turning the soil to be restored, naturally drying the soil for 5 to 7 days, and smashing the dried soil to be restored;
step two: providing calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite, a Noro fertilizer and a spraying device, wherein the spraying device comprises a rack, and a front-section soil loosening mechanism, a fertilizing assembly and a rear-section soil loosening mechanism which are sequentially arranged along the length direction of the rack at intervals, the calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite and the Noro fertilizer are mixed and placed in the fertilizing assembly, the fertilizing assembly applies a mixture to the soil to be repaired, the front-section soil loosening mechanism and the rear-section soil loosening mechanism loosen the soil to be repaired, so that the mixture is uniformly mixed with the soil to be repaired, and then the soil to be repaired is subjected to soil turning treatment for 2-3 times, and water is sprayed to the surface of the soil each time during the period, and the soil to be repaired is placed for 5-14 days;
step three: and providing an organic passivation, uniformly applying the organic passivation to the surface of the soil to be repaired, and turning the soil to be repaired so as to uniformly mix the soil to be repaired with the organic passivation.
2. The soil comprehensive treatment method according to claim 1, wherein in the second step, the mass of the calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite added is 0.5 to 2.5 percent of the mass of the soil to be remediated, and the mass ratio of the calcium-aluminum hydrotalcite to the Noro fertilizer is 1:2.6.
3. the soil comprehensive treatment method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the second step, the soil to be remediated is sprinkled regularly within 5 to 14 days of standing so as to keep the water content of the soil to be remediated at 18 to 20%.
4. The method for comprehensively treating soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the third step, the organic passivation substance is one or more of biogas slurry, compost, biochar and plant ash.
5. The method for the integrated soil remediation of claim 1 wherein in step three the organic passivation substance is applied a total of 5 times, with the time interval between applications being 1 month and 2 months and the total amount applied being 10 to 15 tonnes per acre.
6. The soil comprehensive treatment method according to claim 5, wherein when the organic passivation substance is applied to the soil to be remediated, river sand soil of the same quality is applied at the same time, and soil turning treatment is performed on the soil to be remediated after application.
7. The soil integrated treatment method according to claim 1, wherein in the second step, deionized water is sprayed to the surface of the soil to be remediated each time.
8. The soil comprehensive treatment method according to claim 1, wherein in the step one, in the step of turning the soil to be remediated, the depth of the turned soil is 20 to 30cm.
9. The soil comprehensive treatment method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the application component comprises a mixing hopper, a material conveying screw, a discharging hopper and Shi Liaodou, the mixing hopper is arranged on the frame, the discharging hopper is arranged on the frame and is opposite to the mixing hopper, the material conveying screw is connected to the mixing hopper and the discharging hopper, and the application hopper is sleeved below the discharging hopper.
10. The soil comprehensive treatment method according to claim 9, wherein the material application hopper comprises a hopper body and a vibration motor, the hopper body is sleeved on the material discharge hopper and is provided with a material application cavity communicated with the material discharge hopper and a plurality of material application holes, the bottom wall of the cavity of Shi Liaoqiang respectively faces to two opposite sides of the frame and inclines downwards, the aperture of the plurality of material application holes is gradually increased along the inclined direction of the bottom wall of the cavity, and the vibration motor is arranged on the frame and is in transmission connection with the hopper body.
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