CN115436353B - High-low concentration real-time switching analyzer colorimetric system and use method thereof - Google Patents

High-low concentration real-time switching analyzer colorimetric system and use method thereof Download PDF

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CN115436353B
CN115436353B CN202211053604.3A CN202211053604A CN115436353B CN 115436353 B CN115436353 B CN 115436353B CN 202211053604 A CN202211053604 A CN 202211053604A CN 115436353 B CN115436353 B CN 115436353B
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adc
water sample
value
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CN115436353A (en
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燕海鹏
程奇峰
张超敏
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Shanghai Boqu Instrument Co ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/75Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated
    • G01N21/77Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator
    • G01N21/78Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator producing a change of colour
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/28Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
    • G01N1/40Concentrating samples
    • G01N1/4044Concentrating samples by chemical techniques; Digestion; Chemical decomposition
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/28Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
    • G01N1/44Sample treatment involving radiation, e.g. heat
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/01Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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    • G01N21/17Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
    • G01N21/25Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/01Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
    • G01N2021/0106General arrangement of respective parts
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Abstract

The invention provides an analyzer colorimetric system with high-low concentration real-time switching and a use method thereof, wherein the system comprises: the peristaltic pump and the multi-way valve are respectively connected with the counter, the digestion tank, the color comparator and the reagent bottles, and the peristaltic pump is connected with the counter; the controller is connected with the data transmission circuit, the data transmission circuit is connected with the MCU, the MCU is connected with the ADC, the ADC is connected with the photoelectric conversion circuit, and the photoelectric conversion circuit is connected with the color comparator; wherein, the cell includes cell, light emitter and light receiver, and light emitter, light receiver are connected respectively to the cell, and when the cell was in the first position, cell and light emitter, light receiver were perpendicular, and when the cell was in the second position, cell and light emitter, light receiver were parallel. According to the analyzer colorimetric system capable of switching the high concentration and the low concentration in real time and the application method thereof, the detection accuracy of the high range of the water sample to be detected is improved by judging whether the low range or the high range is used.

Description

High-low concentration real-time switching analyzer colorimetric system and use method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of water quality monitoring equipment in the field of environmental protection, in particular to an analyzer colorimetric system with high-low concentration real-time switching and a use method thereof.
Background
In the prior art, colorimetry (Colorimetry) is a method for determining the content of a component to be measured by comparing or measuring the color depth of a solution of a colored substance. There are two common colorimetry methods: visual colorimetry and photoelectric colorimetry are both based on lambert-beer's law. The common visual colorimetry is a standard series method, namely, different amounts of standard solutions of an object to be detected are used in a group of identical colorimetric tubes, color development is carried out according to an analysis step, and standard color levels with gradually changing colors are prepared. The sample solution is developed under the identical condition, and compared with the standard color level, the standard with the closest color is found visually, and the content of the component to be detected in the sample is calculated and determined according to the amount of the standard solution contained in the standard solution. Compared with a visual colorimetry, the photoelectric colorimetry eliminates subjective errors, improves measurement accuracy, and can eliminate interference by selecting an optical filter, thereby improving selectivity. However, the photoelectric colorimeter adopts a tungsten lamp light source and an optical filter, is only suitable for the visible spectrum region and can only obtain compound light with a certain wavelength range, and is not a monochromatic light beam.
In water quality monitoring, the contents of substances such as ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, total nitrogen and the like are measured by adopting a photoelectric colorimetric method. However, when a photoelectric colorimetric method is used for measuring a large measuring range, less than 20% of the measuring range cannot be accurately measured, the measuring range needs to be switched, and the conventional measuring range switching has a plurality of defects: 1. the blind measurement is needed to judge whether the water sample is in a high-range or low-range once, so that reagents are wasted and the measurement time is increased; 2. often, the test time required for switching the measuring range is more than 1 hour, so that the instrument cannot complete the test within 1 hour, and the latest environmental protection industry requirement cannot be met. The colorimetry high-range test cannot meet the requirement of indicating value error (+ -3%). The high range needs to dilute the water sample, and the more times of dilution, the larger the test error is. The larger the measurement concentration of the high range is, the light transmittance is close to 0%, the absorbance tends to infinity, and effective quantification cannot be performed.
Therefore, it is necessary to provide an analyzer colorimetric system with high-low concentration real-time switching and a using method thereof, so as to effectively solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a high-low concentration real-time switching analyzer colorimetric system and a use method thereof, and the detection accuracy of a water sample to be detected in a high range is improved by judging whether a low range or a high range is used.
The embodiment of the invention provides an analyzer colorimetric system capable of switching high concentration and low concentration in real time, which comprises the following components:
the peristaltic pump and the multi-way valve are respectively connected with the meter, the digestion tank, the color comparator and the plurality of reagent bottles, and the peristaltic pump is connected with the meter;
the controller is connected with the data transmission circuit, the data transmission circuit is connected with the MCU, the MCU is connected with the ADC, the ADC is connected with the photoelectric conversion circuit, and the photoelectric conversion circuit is connected with the color comparator;
the cuvette comprises a cuvette, a light emitter and a light receiver, the cuvette is respectively connected with the light emitter and the light receiver, the cuvette is provided with a first position and a second position, when the cuvette is in the first position, the cuvette is vertical to the light emitter and the light receiver, and when the cuvette is in the second position, the cuvette is parallel to the light emitter and the light receiver.
Preferably, the controller controls to open a switching valve of the multi-way valve, through which the reagent in one of the plurality of reagent bottles enters the multi-way valve and then enters the meter.
Preferably, a plurality of infrared limiters are arranged on the meter, the peristaltic pump is stopped when at least two of the infrared limiters detect the reagent, and the meter meters the reagent.
Preferably, the system further comprises a rotating motor, the controller is connected with the rotating motor, the cuvette is fixed on a rotating disc, and the rotating disc is fixed on a working rod of the rotating motor; when the controller controls the rotating motor to rotate, the rotating disc is driven to rotate, and then the cuvette is driven to rotate to the first position or the second position.
Preferably, the color comparator further comprises a color comparison bracket for fixing the light emitter, the light receiver and the rotating motor.
Preferably, the system further comprises a touch screen, wherein the touch screen is connected with the controller and used for displaying the position of the rotating motor.
Preferably, the cuvette is a cuboid, and the lengths and widths of the cuvettes are different.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a using method of the analyzer colorimetric system suitable for the high-low concentration real-time switching, which comprises the following steps:
measuring a water sample to be measured, and allowing the water sample to be measured to enter the cuvette after digestion;
the cuvette is respectively positioned at the first position and the second position, and the concentration value of the water sample to be detected is calculated through a first formula and a second formula;
when the concentration value of the water sample to be detected is smaller than or equal to a first standard value, calculating to obtain the concentration value of the water sample to be detected through a first formula;
and when the concentration value of the water sample to be detected is larger than the first standard value and smaller than or equal to the second standard value, calculating the concentration value of the water sample to be detected through a second formula.
Preferably, the first formula is specifically as follows:
Figure GDA0004177952590000031
wherein C is x ADC (analog to digital converter) for measuring concentration value of water sample to be measured 01 Is the value converted by the transverse ADC during zero point calibration, ADC 1 For the value converted by the transverse ADC in low concentration calibration, the ADC x And the converted value is the ADC value of the water sample to be detected.
Preferably, the second formula is specifically as follows:
Figure GDA0004177952590000041
wherein C is x ADC (analog to digital converter) for measuring concentration value of water sample to be measured 02 Is the value after the conversion of the longitudinal ADC during zero point calibration, ADC 2 For the value after longitudinal ADC conversion in high concentration calibration, ADC x And the converted value is the ADC value of the water sample to be detected.
The technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the analyzer colorimetric system capable of switching high concentration and low concentration in real time and the application method thereof, the colorimetric plate is respectively connected with the light emitter and the light receiver, the colorimetric plate is provided with a first position and a second position, when the colorimetric plate is positioned at the first position, the colorimetric plate is perpendicular to the light emitter and the light receiver, and when the colorimetric plate is positioned at the second position, the colorimetric plate is parallel to the light emitter and the light receiver, so that transverse and longitudinal measurement can be conveniently carried out on a water sample to be measured;
further, measuring a water sample to be measured, and allowing the water sample to be measured to enter the cuvette after digestion; the cuvette is respectively positioned at the first position and the second position, and the concentration value of the water sample to be detected is calculated through a first formula and a second formula; when the concentration value of the water sample to be detected is smaller than or equal to a first standard value, calculating to obtain the concentration value of the water sample to be detected through a first formula; when the concentration value of the water sample to be detected is larger than the first standard value and smaller than or equal to the second standard value, the concentration value of the water sample to be detected is calculated through a second formula, so that whether the low range or the high range is used can be determined by judging the concentration value of the water sample to be detected, and the detection precision of the high range of the water sample to be detected is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, a brief description of the drawings is provided below, wherein it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. Other figures may be derived from these figures without inventive effort for a person of ordinary skill in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an analyzer colorimetric system with high-low concentration real-time switching according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a control relationship of an analyzer colorimetric system with high-low concentration real-time switching according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a cuvette of an analyzer colorimetric system with high-low concentration real-time switching according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a flow chart of a method for using the analyzer colorimetric system with high-low concentration real-time switching according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The technical scheme of the invention is described in detail below by specific examples. The following embodiments may be combined with each other, and some embodiments may not be repeated for the same or similar concepts or processes.
Based on the problems existing in the prior art, the embodiment of the invention provides a high-low concentration real-time switching analyzer colorimetric system and a use method thereof, and the detection accuracy of a water sample to be detected in a high range is improved by judging whether a low range or a high range is used.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an analyzer colorimetric system with high-low concentration real-time switching according to an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 2 is a schematic control relationship diagram of an analyzer colorimetric system with high-low concentration real-time switching according to another embodiment of the present invention, fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a cuvette of an analyzer colorimetric system with high-low concentration real-time switching according to an embodiment of the present invention, and referring now to fig. 1-3, an analyzer colorimetric system with high-low concentration real-time switching according to an embodiment of the present invention is provided, the system includes: a peristaltic pump 1 and a multi-way valve 3, wherein the multi-way valve 3 is respectively connected with a meter 2, a digestion tank 4, a color comparator 5 and a plurality of reagent bottles 6, and the peristaltic pump 1 is connected with the meter 2; the controller 19 is connected with the data transmission circuit 10, the data transmission circuit 10 is connected with the MCU9, the MCU9 is connected with the ADC converter 8, the ADC converter 8 is connected with the photoelectric conversion circuit 7, and the photoelectric conversion circuit 7 is connected with the color comparator 5; wherein, the cuvette 5 includes cuvette 16, light emitter 12 and light receiver 13, the cuvette 16 is connected respectively the light emitter 12 the light receiver 13, the cuvette 16 has a first position and a second position, when the cuvette 16 is in the first position, the cuvette 16 is perpendicular to the light emitter 12 the light receiver 13, when the cuvette 16 is in the second position, the cuvette 16 is parallel to the light emitter 12 the light receiver 13. The first position is a vertical position and the second position is a lateral position.
In a specific implementation, the controller 19 controls to open the switch valve of the multi-way valve 2, and the reagent in one of the plurality of reagent bottles 6 passes through the switch valve to enter the multi-way valve 2 and then enters the meter 2.
In a specific implementation, the meter 2 is provided with a plurality of infrared limiters, and when at least two of the infrared limiters detect the reagent, the peristaltic pump 1 is stopped, and the meter 2 meters the reagent.
In a specific implementation, the system further comprises a rotating motor 14, the controller 19 is connected with the rotating motor 14, the cuvette 16 is fixed on a rotating disc 15, and the rotating disc 15 is fixed on a working rod of the rotating motor 14; when the controller 19 controls the rotation motor 14 to rotate, the rotation disc 15 is driven to rotate, and the cuvette 16 is driven to rotate to the first position or the second position.
In a specific implementation, the cuvette 5 further comprises a cuvette holder 11, and the cuvette holder 11 is used for fixing the light emitter 12, the light receiver 13 and the rotation motor 14.
In a specific implementation, the system further includes a touch screen 20, where the touch screen 20 is connected to the controller 19, and the touch screen 20 is used to display the position of the rotating motor 14.
In a specific implementation, the cuvette 16 is a cuboid, and the lengths and widths of the cuvette 16 are different.
In particular use, peristaltic pump 1 pumps one of a plurality of reagent bottles 6, drawing reagent from one of the reagent bottles 6 through multi-way valve 3 and into meter 2 for metering. For example, the peristaltic pump 1 pumps one of the reagent bottles 6, the controller 19 controls the on-off valve on the corresponding multi-way valve 3 to open, the reagent in one of the reagent bottles 6 enters the multi-way valve 3 through the on-off valve and then enters the meter 2, two or more infrared limiters on the meter 2 detect the reagent, signals are detected and metered through different infrared limiters, and the peristaltic pump 1 is stopped, so that the reagent amount can be metered. The peristaltic pump 1 is then reversed and the meter 2 is pressed out, while the controller 19 controls the on-off valve on the multi-way valve 3 to press the reagent into the digestion tank 4. Firstly, adding an oxidant reagent A into a digestion tank 4 for digestion, and then sequentially adding a buffer reagent B and a color reagent C for color reaction after the digestion is completed by a heating device of the digestion tank 4 for digestion of a water sample. Thereafter, peristaltic pump 1 forces the digested water sample within digestion tank 4 into cuvette 16 of cuvette 5.
The light emitter 12 and the light receiver 13 of the color comparator 5 compare the water sample in the color comparator 16, and the colorimetric signals sequentially pass through the photoelectric conversion circuit 7, the ADC converter 8, the MCU9 and the data transmission circuit 10, and finally the ADC numerical signals are sent to the controller 19 and displayed through the touch screen 20.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a using method of the analyzer colorimetric system suitable for the high-low concentration real-time switching, which comprises the following steps:
step 401: measuring a water sample to be measured, and allowing the water sample to be measured to enter the cuvette after digestion;
step 402: the cuvette is respectively positioned at the first position and the second position, and the concentration value of the water sample to be detected is calculated through a first formula and a second formula;
step 403: when the concentration value of the water sample to be detected is smaller than or equal to a first standard value, calculating to obtain the concentration value of the water sample to be detected through a first formula;
step 404: and when the concentration value of the water sample to be detected is larger than the first standard value and smaller than or equal to the second standard value, calculating the concentration value of the water sample to be detected through a second formula.
The first standard value is the concentration value of the standard solution 1, and the second standard value is the concentration value of the standard solution 2. When the system is used, the system is calibrated by adopting three standard liquids 1, 2 and 3, wherein the standard liquid 1 is a low-concentration water sample with a known concentration value, the standard liquid 2 is a high-concentration water sample with a known concentration value, and the standard liquid 3 is 0 mol.L -1
In a specific implementation, the first formula is specifically as follows:
Figure GDA0004177952590000081
wherein C is x ADC (analog to digital converter) for measuring concentration value of water sample to be measured 01 Is the value converted by the transverse ADC during zero point calibration, ADC 1 For the value converted by the transverse ADC in low concentration calibration, the ADC x And the converted value is the ADC value of the water sample to be detected.
In a specific implementation, the second formula is specifically as follows:
Figure GDA0004177952590000082
wherein C is x ADC (analog to digital converter) for measuring concentration value of water sample to be measured 02 Is the value after the conversion of the longitudinal ADC during zero point calibration, ADC 2 For the value after longitudinal ADC conversion in high concentration calibration, ADC x And the converted value is the ADC value of the water sample to be detected.
When in use, the standard solution 1 and the standard solution 3 are combined, the cuvette 16 is respectively parallel to the light emitter 12 and the light receiver 13, that is, the cuvette 16 is at a first position, that is, a transverse position, and a first formula can be obtained through calibration.
The standard solution 2 and the standard solution 3 are combined, the cuvette 16 is respectively perpendicular to the light emitter 12 and the light receiver 13, that is, the cuvette 16 is in a second position, that is, a vertical position, and a second formula can be obtained through calibration.
After calibration, the water sample to be measured is measured, the water sample to be measured enters the cuvette 16 after being digested, the cuvette 16 is placed at a second position, namely a vertical position, and the first position, namely a horizontal position, are respectively substituted into a first formula and a second formula to calculate the concentration value of the water sample to be measured, when the concentration value of the water sample to be measured is between the concentration value of the standard solution 3 and the concentration value of the standard solution 1, namely the concentration value 0 and the concentration value of the standard solution 1, that is, when the water sample to be measured is low in concentration, the water sample to be measured is substituted into the first formula to calculate the concentration value of the water sample to be measured, and when the concentration value of the water sample to be measured is between the concentration value of the standard solution 1 and the concentration value of the standard solution 2, that is, the water sample to be measured is high in concentration, the second formula is substituted into the concentration value of the water sample to be measured to be calculated, and the concentration value measurement of the water sample to be measured is completed.
In summary, according to the analyzer colorimetric system with high-low concentration real-time switching and the application method thereof provided by the embodiment of the invention, the cuvette is respectively connected with the light emitter and the light receiver, the cuvette is provided with a first position and a second position, when the cuvette is positioned at the first position, the cuvette is vertical to the light emitter and the light receiver, and when the cuvette is positioned at the second position, the cuvette is parallel to the light emitter and the light receiver, so that the water sample to be measured can be conveniently measured transversely and longitudinally;
further, measuring a water sample to be measured, and allowing the water sample to be measured to enter the cuvette after digestion; the cuvette is respectively positioned at the first position and the second position, and the concentration value of the water sample to be detected is calculated through a first formula and a second formula; when the concentration value of the water sample to be detected is smaller than or equal to a first standard value, calculating to obtain the concentration value of the water sample to be detected through a first formula; when the concentration value of the water sample to be detected is larger than the first standard value and smaller than or equal to the second standard value, the concentration value of the water sample to be detected is calculated through a second formula, so that whether the low range or the high range is used can be determined by judging the concentration value of the water sample to be detected, and the detection precision of the high range of the water sample to be detected is improved.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention.

Claims (7)

1. A method for using a colorimetric system of an analyzer suitable for switching high concentration and low concentration in real time is characterized in that,
the system comprises:
the peristaltic pump and the multi-way valve are respectively connected with the meter, the digestion tank, the color comparator and the plurality of reagent bottles, and the peristaltic pump is connected with the meter;
the controller is connected with the data transmission circuit, the data transmission circuit is connected with the MCU, the MCU is connected with the ADC, the ADC is connected with the photoelectric conversion circuit, and the photoelectric conversion circuit is connected with the color comparator;
the cuvette comprises a cuvette, a light emitter and a light receiver, the cuvette is respectively connected with the light emitter and the light receiver, the cuvette is provided with a first position and a second position, when the cuvette is positioned at the first position, the cuvette is vertical to the light emitter and the light receiver, and when the cuvette is positioned at the second position, the cuvette is parallel to the light emitter and the light receiver;
the using method comprises the following steps:
measuring a water sample to be measured, and allowing the water sample to be measured to enter the cuvette after digestion;
the cuvette is respectively positioned at the first position and the second position, and the concentration value of the water sample to be detected is calculated through a first formula and a second formula;
when the concentration value of the water sample to be detected is smaller than or equal to a first standard value, calculating to obtain the concentration value of the water sample to be detected through a first formula; the first formula is specifically as follows:
Figure FDA0004242739150000011
wherein C is x ADC (analog to digital converter) for measuring concentration value of water sample to be measured 01 Is the value converted by the transverse ADC during zero point calibration, ADC 1 For the value converted by the transverse ADC in low concentration calibration, the ADC x The converted value of the ADC of the water sample to be detected is obtained;
when the concentration value of the water sample to be detected is larger than a first standard value and smaller than or equal to a second standard value, calculating to obtain the concentration value of the water sample to be detected through a second formula; the second formula is specifically as follows:
Figure FDA0004242739150000021
wherein C is x ADC (analog to digital converter) for measuring concentration value of water sample to be measured 02 Is the value after the conversion of the longitudinal ADC during zero point calibration, ADC 2 For the value after longitudinal ADC conversion in high concentration calibration, ADC x And the converted value is the ADC value of the water sample to be detected.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the controller controls opening a switch valve of the multi-way valve through which reagent in one of the plurality of reagent bottles enters the multi-way valve and then enters the meter.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein a plurality of infrared limiters are provided on the meter, the peristaltic pump being stopped when at least two of the plurality of infrared limiters detect the reagent, the meter metering the reagent.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the system further comprises a rotary motor, the controller is coupled to the rotary motor, the cuvette is secured to a rotary disc, and the rotary disc is secured to a lever of the rotary motor; when the controller controls the rotating motor to rotate, the rotating disc is driven to rotate, and then the cuvette is driven to rotate to the first position or the second position.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the cuvette further comprises a cuvette holder for holding the light emitter, the light receiver, and the rotary motor.
6. The method of claim 4, wherein the system further comprises a touch screen coupled to the controller, the touch screen configured to display the position of the rotating motor.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the cuvette is a cuboid, and the cuvette is different in length and width.
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