CN115436154A - Multi-size loading device for plane similarity model and using method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a plane similar model multi-size loading device and a using method thereof, wherein the plane similar model multi-size loading device comprises: the clamping device comprises a base frame, a pressing plate, a first loading assembly and a second loading assembly, wherein the pressing plate comprises a first end part and a second end part which are opposite in the length direction of the pressing plate, the pressing plate further comprises a plurality of guide parts, one part of the guide parts is arranged at the first end part at intervals in the height direction of the pressing plate, the other part of the guide parts is arranged at the second end part at intervals in the height direction of the pressing plate, and a guide groove which penetrates through the pressing plate in the thickness direction of the pressing plate is defined between every two adjacent guide parts in the height direction of the pressing plate; the first pressing plate group comprises two pressing plates, the second pressing plate group comprises two pressing plates, the first loading assembly is used for driving the two pressing plates of the first pressing plate group to move in a first direction, and the second loading assembly is used for driving the two pressing plates of the second pressing plate group to move in a second direction. The invention has the advantages of good adaptability and high test precision.

Description

Multi-size loading device for plane similarity model and using method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of geotechnical experiments, in particular to a plane similarity model multi-size loading device and a using method thereof.

Background

The similar model is a test piece processed by simulating the working conditions on site indoors based on a similar theory, and is an important material for researching and knowing the conditions of rock stratum deformation, damage, migration rule and the like in the process of developing underground geology and underground engineering. At present, a common analog simulation test method is mainly a plane test, as a trial research, the size, loading mode and the like of a similar model of the test are unknown, and the test is often carried out on similar models with different sizes. In the loading process of the existing plane similar model loading device, due to the influence of the processing precision and the deformation of a similar model test piece, the similar model test piece is often subjected to the action of unbalance loading, so that the research result deviates from the expected research purpose. The plane similar model loading device in the related technology can be divided into two categories according to the stroke size, namely a large stroke and a small stroke, wherein the large stroke is mainly used for researching a test piece with the characteristic of large deformation, the small stroke is mainly used for loading research of a non-elastic test piece, the large stroke plane similar model loading device is influenced by precision and is difficult to ensure that the research result of a small stroke test has sufficient reliability, and the small stroke plane similar model loading device is limited by the stroke of a driving device and is difficult to meet the loading test requirements of various size similar models.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is directed to solving, at least to some extent, one of the technical problems in the related art.

Therefore, the embodiment of the invention provides a multi-size loading device for a plane similar model, which has the advantages of good adaptability and high test precision, can ensure that the directional uniform load is applied to the model, is unique in the stress direction of the model, is not influenced by time size precision and deformation, and adapts to the diversification of the model size.

The plane similarity model multi-size loading device provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises: a base frame; the pressing plate comprises a first end part and a second end part which are opposite in the length direction, the pressing plate further comprises a plurality of guide parts, one part of the guide parts is arranged at the first end part at intervals in the height direction of the pressing plate, the other part of the guide parts is arranged at the second end part at intervals in the height direction of the pressing plate, and a guide groove which penetrates through the pressing plate in the thickness direction of the pressing plate is defined between every two adjacent guide parts in the height direction of the pressing plate; the first pressing plate group comprises two pressing plates, the two pressing plates are opposite in a first direction, each pressing plate can move in the first direction, the second pressing plate group comprises two pressing plates, the two pressing plates are opposite in a second direction, each pressing plate can move in the second direction, the length direction of each pressing plate of the first pressing plate group is consistent with the second direction, the height direction of each pressing plate of the second pressing plate group is consistent with the third direction, the length direction of each pressing plate of the second pressing plate group is consistent with the first direction, the height direction of each pressing plate of the second pressing plate group is consistent with the third direction, the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction, and the third direction is perpendicular to the second direction and the first direction; the guide portions of the platens of the first platen set are movably fittable in the guide slots of the platens of the second platen set in the first direction, the guide portions of the platens of the second platen set are movably fittable in the guide slots of the platens of the first platen set in the second direction, a sample loading zone can be defined between two of the platens of the first platen set and two of the platens of the second platen set; the first loading assembly is used for driving the two pressing plates of the first pressing plate group to move in the first direction, and the second loading assembly is used for driving the two pressing plates of the second pressing plate group to move in the second direction.

According to the plane similarity model multi-size loading device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the guide parts at the two ends of the two pressing plates in the first pressing plate group in the second direction are respectively inserted into the guide grooves of the two pressing plates in the second pressing plate group, so that the guide parts of the two pressing plates in the first pressing plate group can slide under the guide effect of the guide grooves of the two pressing plates in the second pressing plate group. And the guide parts at the two ends of the two pressing plates in the second pressing plate group are respectively inserted into the guide grooves of the two pressing plates in the second pressing plate group, so that the guide parts of the two pressing plates in the second pressing plate group can slide under the guide action of the guide grooves of the two pressing plates in the first pressing plate group, the direction of the force transmitted to the similar model by the first loading assembly and the second loading assembly is unique, the accuracy of the test result is improved, and the influence of the size precision and the deformation of the similar model is avoided.

Therefore, the plane similarity model multi-size loading device provided by the embodiment of the invention has the advantages of good adaptability and high test precision.

In some embodiments, the guide groove includes first and second guide surfaces opposed in a height direction of the pressure plate, the first and second guide surfaces being perpendicular to the height direction of the pressure plate.

In some embodiments, the guide groove further comprises a first thrust ramp comprising first and second edges opposing each other in a thickness direction of the platen, the first edge of the first end portion being adjacent the second end portion opposite the second edge, the first edge of the second end portion being adjacent the first end portion opposite the second edge, and the first edge of one of the platens in one platen set being adjacent the other platen opposite the second edge,

the guide portion has a second thrust ramp including third and fourth opposite edges in a thickness direction of the platen, the third edge of the first end portion being adjacent the second end portion opposite the fourth edge, the third edge of the second end portion being adjacent the first end portion opposite the fourth edge, and the third edge of one of the platen groups being adjacent the other platen opposite the fourth edge.

In some embodiments, the angle between the first thrust slope and the projection plane of the pressure plate in the thickness direction is 45 °, and the angle between the second thrust slope and the projection plane of the pressure plate in the thickness direction is 45 °.

In some embodiments, the guide portion further includes an avoidance inclined surface, the avoidance inclined surface is disposed on a side of the guide portion away from the second thrust inclined surface in the thickness direction of the platen, and an included angle between the second thrust inclined surface and the avoidance inclined surface is greater than or equal to 60 ° and less than or equal to 180 °.

In some embodiments, the first loading assembly includes a first driver, a second driver and a first loading compression bar set, the first loading compression bar set includes two loading compression bars, the first driver and the second driver are used for driving the loading compression bars to move along the first direction, one end of one loading compression bar is connected with the first driver, and the other end is connected with one of the compression plates in the first compression plate set, one end of the other loading compression bar is connected with the second driver, and the other end is connected with the other compression plate in the first compression plate set, the second loading assembly includes a third driver, a fourth driver and a second loading compression bar set, the second loading compression bar set includes two loading compression bars, the third driver and the fourth driver are used for driving the loading compression bars to move along the second direction, one end of the loading compression bar is connected with the third driver, and the other end is connected with one of the compression plates in the second compression plate set, and one end of the other loading compression bar is connected with the fourth driver, and the other end is connected with the other compression plate in the second compression plate set.

In some embodiments, one of the first pressure plate groups includes a first spherical concave surface on a surface of a side facing away from the other of the first pressure plate groups, an end surface of an end of the loading pressure rod connected to the pressure plate is a first spherical surface, the first spherical concave surface is matched with the first spherical surface, one of the second pressure plate groups includes a second spherical concave surface on a surface of a side facing away from the other of the second pressure plate groups, an end surface of an end of the loading pressure rod connected to the pressure plate is a second spherical surface, and the second spherical concave surface is matched with the second spherical surface.

In some embodiments, the plane similarity model multi-size loading device further comprises at least one backing plate, the backing plate is detachably arranged on the pressing plate, and the backing plate is located between two pressing plates of the first pressing plate group or between two pressing plates of the second pressing plate group.

In some embodiments, the backing plate includes a fifth end portion and a sixth end portion opposite to each other in a length direction thereof, the backing plate includes a plurality of fitting guide portions, one of the plurality of fitting guide portions is disposed at the fifth end portion at an interval in a height direction of the backing plate, the other of the plurality of guide portions is disposed at the sixth end portion at an interval in the height direction of the pressing plate, a fitting guide groove penetrating the backing plate in a thickness direction thereof is defined between two adjacent fitting guide portions in the height direction of the backing plate, the plurality of fitting guide portions of the fifth end portion may correspond one-to-one to the guide portions of the first end portion of the pressing plate, and the plurality of fitting guide portions of the sixth end portion may correspond one-to-one to the guide portions of the second end portion of the pressing plate.

The application method of the plane similar model multi-size loading device provided by the embodiment of the invention adopts the plane similar model multi-size loading device provided by any one of the embodiments, and the application method of the plane similar model multi-size loading device comprises the following steps: s1, connecting four pressing plates with a guide groove end to end through a guide part to assemble a loading die; s2, placing the assembled loading mould on the base frame and connecting the loading mould with the four loading compression rods and the corresponding first driver, second driver, third driver and fourth driver; s3, selecting a base plate matched with the similar model, and placing the similar model in the loading mold; and S4, driving the corresponding loading compression rods to push the compression plates to move through the first driver, the second driver, the third driver and the fourth driver respectively, so that the four compression plates load the similar model.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a planar simulation model multi-size loading device according to an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a platen according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a platen according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a loading strut according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a loading strut according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a mounting structure of a pressure plate and a pad plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Reference numerals:

the plane similarity model multi-size loading device 100;

a pressing plate 2; a guide portion 201; a second thrust ramp 2011; a third rim 20111; fourth edge 20112; an avoidance ramp 2012; a guide groove 202; a first guide surface 2021; a second guide surface 2022; a first thrust ramp 2023; a first edge 20231; a second edge 20232; a first spherical concave surface 203; a second spherical concave surface 204; a first end portion 21; a second end portion 22;

a first loading assembly 3; a first driver 31; a second driver 32;

a loading pressure lever 4; a first spherical surface 401; a second spherical surface 402;

a backing plate 5; a fifth end 51; a sixth end portion 52; a fitting guide portion 501; a fitting guide groove 502;

a second loading assembly 6; a third driver 61; a fourth driver 62.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.

A planar simulation model multi-size loading apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention is described below with reference to the drawings.

As shown in fig. 1 to 6, a plane-similarity model multi-size loading apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a base frame, a platen 2, a first loading unit 3, and a second loading unit 6.

The pressure plate 2 includes a first end portion 21 and a second end portion 22 opposite to each other in a length direction thereof, the pressure plate 2 further includes a plurality of guide portions 201, a part of the plurality of guide portions 201 is provided at the first end portion 21 at an interval in a height direction of the pressure plate 2, another part of the plurality of guide portions 201 is provided at the second end portion 22 at an interval in the height direction of the pressure plate 2, and a guide groove 202 penetrating the pressure plate 2 in a thickness direction of the pressure plate 2 is defined between two adjacent guide portions 201 in the height direction of the pressure plate 2.

The first platen group includes two platens 2, the two platens 2 are opposed in a first direction (for example, up-down direction in fig. 1), and each platen 2 is movable in the first direction, and a length direction of each platen 2 of the first platen group coincides with a second direction (for example, up-down direction in fig. 1) and a height direction thereof coincides with a third direction (for example, front-back direction in fig. 1).

The second pressing plate group comprises two pressing plates 2, the two pressing plates 2 are opposite in the second direction, each pressing plate 2 can move in the second direction, the length direction of each pressing plate 2 of the second pressing plate group is consistent with the first direction, the thickness direction of each pressing plate 2 is consistent with the second direction, the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction, and the third direction is perpendicular to the second direction and the first direction.

In other words, the first end portion 21 and the second end portion 22 of each pressing plate 2 of the first pressing plate group are opposite to each other in the second direction, the plurality of guide portions 201 on the first end portion 21 of the pressing plate 2 are arranged at intervals along the third direction, and the plurality of guide portions 201 on the second end portion 22 of the pressing plate 2 are arranged at intervals along the third direction. The first end portion 21 and the second end portion 22 of each pressing plate 2 of the second pressing plate group are opposite to each other in the first direction, the plurality of guide portions 201 on the first end portion 21 of the pressing plate 2 are arranged at intervals in the third direction, and the plurality of guide portions 201 on the second end portion 22 of the pressing plate 2 are arranged at intervals in the third direction.

The guide portions 201 of the pressure plates 2 in the first pressure plate group can be fitted movably in the first direction in the guide grooves 202 of the pressure plates 2 in the second pressure plate group, and the guide portions 201 of the pressure plates 2 in the second pressure plate group can be fitted movably in the second direction in the guide grooves 202 of the pressure plates 2 in the first pressure plate group. A sample loading zone can be defined between two platens 2 of the first platen set and two platens 2 of the second platen set.

The first loading assembly 3 is used for driving the two pressing plates 2 of the first pressing plate group to move in a first direction, and the second loading assembly 6 is used for driving the two pressing plates 2 of the second pressing plate group to move in a second direction.

The following describes an implementation process of the planar simulation model multi-size loading device 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention with reference to fig. 1.

When the plane similar model multi-size loading device 100 loads a similar model, a pressure plate 2 located above in a first pressure plate group is driven by a first loading assembly 3 to move downwards, and a pressure plate 2 located below in the first pressure plate group is driven by the first loading assembly 3 to move upwards; the pressure plate 2 on the left side in the second pressure plate group is driven by the second loading assembly 6 to move rightwards, and the pressure plate 2 on the right side in the second pressure plate group is driven by the second loading assembly 6 to move leftwards.

The guide part 201 at the left end of the upper press plate 2 in the first press plate group is inserted into the guide groove 202 at the upper end of the left press plate 2 in the second press plate group, and the guide part 201 at the right end of the upper press plate 2 in the first press plate group is inserted into the guide groove 202 at the upper end of the side press plate 2 in the second press plate group; the guide portion 201 of the left end portion of the lower platen 2 in the first platen group is inserted into the guide groove 202 of the upper end portion of the left platen 2 in the second platen group, the guide portion 201 of the right end portion of the lower platen 2 in the first platen group is inserted into the guide groove 202 of the upper end portion of the upper platen 2 in the second platen group, a sample loading area can be defined between the two platens 2 of the first platen group and the two platens 2 of the second platen group, and a similar model is placed in the sample loading area so that the platens 2 can pressurize the similar model.

The plane similarity model multi-size loading device 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention inserts the guide portions 201 at the two ends of the two pressing plates 2 in the first pressing plate group in the second direction into the guide grooves 202 of the two pressing plates 2 in the second pressing plate group, respectively, so that the guide portions 201 of the two pressing plates 2 in the first pressing plate group can slide under the guide effect of the guide grooves 202 of the two pressing plates 2 in the second pressing plate group. And the guide parts 201 at the two ends of the two pressing plates 2 in the second pressing plate group are respectively inserted into the guide grooves 202 of the two pressing plates 2 in the second pressing plate group, so that the guide parts 201 of the two pressing plates 2 in the second pressing plate group can slide under the guide action of the guide grooves 202 of the two pressing plates 2 in the first pressing plate group, and the direction of the force transmitted to the similar model by the first loading assembly 3 and the second loading assembly 6 is unique, the accuracy of the test result is improved, and the influence of the size precision and the deformation of the similar model is avoided.

Therefore, the plane similarity model multi-size loading device 100 provided by the embodiment of the invention has the advantages of good adaptability and high test precision.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2, the guide groove 202 includes a first guide surface 2021 and a second guide surface 2022 that are opposite in the height direction of the platen 2, and the first guide surface 2021 and the second guide surface 2022 are perpendicular to the height direction of the platen 2.

In other words, the surfaces of the guide portions 201 adjacent to each other in the front-rear direction form a first guide surface 2021 and a second guide surface 2022, and the first guide surface 2021 and the second guide surface 2022 are perpendicular to the height direction of the pressing plate 2, that is, the first guide surface 2021 and the second guide surface 2022 are perpendicular to the front-rear direction, so that when the pressing plate 2 of the second pressing plate group is fitted to the pressing plate 2 of the first pressing plate group, the guide grooves 202 have a better guide effect on the guide portions 201, and the directions of the forces transmitted to the similar model by the first loading assemblies 3 and the second loading assemblies 6 are unique, thereby improving the accuracy of the test result and being not affected by the dimensional accuracy and deformation of the test piece.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the guide groove 202 further includes a first thrust ramp 2023, the first thrust ramp 2023 includes a first edge 20231 and a second edge 20232 opposite to each other in the thickness direction of the platen 2, the first edge 20231 of the first end portion 21 is adjacent to the second end portion 22 opposite to the second edge 20232, the first edge 20231 of the second end portion 22 is adjacent to the first end portion 21 opposite to the second edge 20232, and the first edge 20231 of one platen 2 of one platen group is adjacent to the other platen 2 opposite to the second edge 20232. Specifically, the first thrust ramp 2023 that the pressure plate 2 has in the first pressure plate group includes a first edge 20231 and a second edge 20232 that are opposite in the first direction.

For example, as shown in fig. 1, the first margin 20231 of the upper platen 2 of the first platen group is adjacent to the lower platen 2 of the first platen group in the up-down direction with respect to the second margin 20232; the left end of the upper pressing plate 2 has a first edge 20231 of the first thrust slope 2023 adjacent to its right end with respect to the second edge 20232, and the right end of the upper pressing plate 2 has a first edge 20231 of the first thrust slope 2023 adjacent to its left end with respect to the second edge 20232. The first edge 20231 of the lower pressing plate 2 is adjacent to the upper pressing plate 2 in the first pressing plate group in the up-down direction relative to the second edge 20232; the left end of the lower pressing plate 2 has a first edge 20231 of the first thrust slope 2023 adjacent to its right end opposite to the second edge 20232, and the right end of the lower pressing plate 2 has a first edge 20231 of the first thrust slope 2023 adjacent to its left end opposite to the second edge 20232.

The first edge 20231 of the platen 2 on the left side in the second platen group is adjacent to the platen 2 on the right side in the second platen group in the left-right direction with respect to the second edge 20232; the upper end of the left pressure plate 2 has a first edge 20231 of the first thrust slope 2023 adjacent to its lower end opposite to the second edge 20232, and the lower end of the left pressure plate 2 has a first edge 20231 of the first thrust slope 2023 adjacent to its upper end opposite to the second edge 20232. The first edge 20231 of the platen 2 on the right side is adjacent to the platen 2 on the left side in the first platen group in the left-right direction with respect to the second edge 20232; the upper end of the right side pressure plate 2 has a first edge 20231 of the first thrust slope 2023 adjacent to its lower end opposite to the second edge 20232, and the lower end of the right side pressure plate 2 has a first edge 20231 of the first thrust slope 2023 adjacent to its upper end opposite to the second edge 20232.

The guide part 201 has a second thrust slope 2011, the second thrust slope 2011 includes third and fourth edges 20111 and 20112 opposite in the thickness direction of the pressure plate 2, the third edge 20111 of the first end part 21 is adjacent to the second end part 22 with respect to the fourth edge 20112, the third edge 20111 of the second end part 22 is adjacent to the first end part 21 with respect to the fourth edge 20112, and the third edge 20111 of one pressure plate 2 in one pressure plate group is adjacent to the other pressure plate 2 with respect to the fourth edge 20112.

For example, as shown in fig. 1, a third edge 20111 of the upper platen 2 of the first platen group is vertically adjacent to a fourth edge 20112 of the lower platen 2 of the first platen group; the third edge 20111 of the second thrust slope 2011 at the left end of the upper pressure plate 2 is adjacent to the right end of the upper pressure plate 2 relative to the fourth edge 20112, and the third edge 20111 of the second thrust slope 2011 at the right end of the upper pressure plate 2 is adjacent to the left end of the upper pressure plate 2 relative to the fourth edge 20112. A third edge 20111 of the lower pressure plate 2 is adjacent to the upper pressure plate 2 in the first pressure plate group in the up-down direction relative to a fourth edge 20112; the left end of the lower pressure plate 2 has a second thrust slope 2011 with a third edge 20111 adjacent to its right end with respect to the fourth edge 20112, and the right end of the lower pressure plate 2 has a second thrust slope 2011 with a third edge 20111 adjacent to its left end with respect to the fourth edge 20112.

The third edge 20111 of the pressure plate 2 positioned at the left side in the second pressure plate group is adjacent to the pressure plate 2 positioned at the right side in the second pressure plate group in the left-right direction relative to the fourth edge 20112; the third edge 20111 of the second thrust ramp 2011 provided at the upper end of the left pressure plate 2 is adjacent to the lower end thereof with respect to the fourth edge 20112, and the third edge 20111 of the second thrust ramp 2011 provided at the lower end of the left pressure plate 2 is adjacent to the upper end thereof with respect to the fourth edge 20112. The third edge 20111 of the pressure plate 2 on the right side is adjacent to the pressure plate 2 on the left side in the first pressure plate group in the left-right direction relative to the fourth edge 20112; the upper end of the right-hand pressure plate 2 has a second thrust ramp 2011 with a third edge 20111 adjacent its lower end relative to the fourth edge 20112, and the lower end of the right-hand pressure plate 2 has a second thrust ramp 2011 with a third edge 20111 adjacent its upper end relative to the fourth edge 20112.

In other words, the first thrust slope 2023 of the guide groove 202 is matched with the second thrust slope 2011 of the guide part 201, which not only can ensure that the guide part 201 has enough sliding space in the guide groove 202, but also can ensure that the guide groove 202 occupies a smaller space of the pressure plate 2, thereby avoiding uneven loading of the pressure plate 2 on the similar model boundary caused by the overlarge guide groove 202.

Preferably, the angle between the first thrust slope 2023 and the projection plane of the pressure plate 2 in the thickness direction thereof is 45 °, and the angle between the second thrust slope 2011 and the projection plane of the pressure plate 2 in the thickness direction thereof is 45 °. The first thrust slope 2023 of the guide groove 202 is matched with the second thrust slope 2011 of the guide part 201, and the inclination angles are both 45 degrees, so that the guide groove 202 occupies a smaller space of the pressure plate 2, and the condition that the pressure plate 2 loads the boundary of the similar model unevenly due to the fact that the guide groove 202 is too large is further avoided.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 3, the guide portion 201 further includes an avoidance slope 2012, the avoidance slope 2012 is disposed on a side of the guide portion 201 away from the second thrust slope 2011 in the thickness direction of the pressure plate 2, and an included angle θ between the second thrust slope 2011 and the avoidance slope 2012 is greater than or equal to 60 ° and less than or equal to 180 °.

Alternatively, the included angle θ is 60 ° or more and 180 ° or less. Alternatively, the included angle θ is equal to or greater than 90 ° and equal to or less than 150 °. Alternatively, the included angle θ is equal to or greater than 90 ° and equal to or less than 100 °. This not only improves the integrity between the pressure plates 2 when the guide portion 201 is inserted into the guide groove 202, but also prevents the guide portion 201 from interfering with other components.

Alternatively, the included angle θ may be, for example, but not limited to, 60 °, 65 °, 75 °, 90 °, 100 °, 120 °, 135 °, 160 °, 170 °, or 180 °. Preferably, the angle between the second thrust ramp 2011 and the escape ramp 2012 is 90 °.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, the first loading assembly 3 includes a first driver 31, a second driver 32, and a first loading strut 4 set, the first loading strut 4 set includes two loading struts 4, the first driver 31 and the second driver 32 are used for driving the loading struts 4 to move along a first direction, one loading strut 4 is connected with the first driver 31 at one end and connected with one platen 2 in the first platen set at the other end, and the other loading strut 4 is connected with the second driver 32 at one end and connected with the other platen 2 in the first platen set at the other end.

The second loading assembly 6 comprises a third driver 61, a fourth driver 62 and a second loading compression rod 4 group, the second loading compression rod 4 group comprises two loading compression rods 4, the third driver 61 and the fourth driver 62 are used for driving the loading compression rods 4 to move along the second direction, one end of one loading compression rod 4 is connected with the third driver 61, the other end of the loading compression rod 4 is connected with one pressing plate 2 in the second pressing plate group, one end of the other loading compression rod 4 is connected with the fourth driver 62, and the other end of the other loading compression rod 4 is connected with the other pressing plate 2 in the second pressing plate group.

Optionally, the first actuator 31, the second actuator 32, the third actuator 61 and the fourth actuator 62 are all hydraulic cylinders and are connected to an external hydraulic control system.

The first driver 31 and the second driver 32 drive the loading strut 4 to load the pressure plates 2 of the first pressure plate group, thereby moving the pressure plates 2 of the first pressure plate group in the first direction. The third driver 61 and the fourth driver 62 drive the loading strut 4 to load the pressure plate 2 of the second pressure plate group, so that the pressure plate 2 of the second pressure plate group moves in the second direction.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 4-6, one pressure plate 2 of the first pressure plate group comprises a first spherical concave surface 203 on a surface of a side facing away from the other pressure plate 2 of the first pressure plate group, an end surface of an end of the loading pressure rod 4 connected to the pressure plate 2 is a first spherical surface 401, and the first spherical concave surface 203 is matched with the first spherical surface 401. For example, as shown in fig. 1, the upper surface of the upper pressure plate 2 has a first spherical concave surface 203, and the end surface of the lower end of the loading pressure rod 4 is a first spherical surface 401 matched with the first spherical concave surface 203; the lower surface of the lower pressure plate 2 is provided with a first spherical concave surface 203, and the end surface of the upper end of the loading pressure rod 4 is a first spherical surface 401 matched with the first spherical concave surface 203.

One pressure plate 2 of the second pressure plate group comprises a second spherical concave surface 204 on the surface of the side facing away from the other pressure plate 2 of the second pressure plate group, the end surface of the end of the loading compression bar 4 connected with the pressure plate 2 is a second spherical surface 402, and the second spherical concave surface 204 is matched with the second spherical surface 402. For example, as shown in fig. 1, the left side surface of the pressure plate 2 on the left side has a second spherical concave surface 204, and the end surface of the right end of the loading pressure rod 4 is a second spherical surface 402 which is matched with the second spherical concave surface 204; the right side surface of the pressure plate 2 on the right side has a second spherical concave surface 204, and the end surface of the left end of the loading pressure rod 4 is a second spherical surface 402 which is matched with the second spherical concave surface 204.

In other words, the first spherical surface 401 of the loading compression rod 4 of the first loading assembly 3 is matched with the first spherical concave surface 203 of the compression plate 2 in the first compression plate group, so that the compression plate 2 can apply uniform load along the first direction to similar models, and eccentric loading is avoided. The second spherical surface 402 of the loading compression rod 4 of the first loading assembly 6 is matched with the second spherical concave surface 204 of the compression plate 2 in the second compression plate group, so that the compression plate 2 can apply directional uniform load to the similar model along the second direction, eccentric loading is avoided, the accuracy of the test result is further improved, and the influence of the size precision and the deformation of the similar model is avoided.

In some embodiments, the plane similarity model multi-size loading device 100 of the embodiment of the present invention further includes at least one backing plate 5, the backing plate 5 is detachably disposed on the pressing plates 2, and the backing plate 5 is located between two pressing plates 2 of the first pressing plate group or between two pressing plates 2 of the second pressing plate group. In other words, the backing plate 5 can be stacked on the pressing plate 2, and when different sizes of similar models are tested or the relative movement stroke of the loading pressing rod 4 and the pressing plate 2 cannot meet the test requirement, the backing plate 5 is mounted on the pressing plate 2 so as to meet the test requirement of the corresponding similar model, so that the test cost is reduced, and the adaptability of the plane similar model multi-size loading device 100 provided by the embodiment of the invention is further improved.

Optionally, the material of the pressing plate 2 is a magnetic conductive metal, and the material of the backing plate 5 is a magnet, so that the backing plate 5 can be attached to the pressing plate 2 in an adsorption manner.

As shown in fig. 6, the tie plate 5 includes a fifth end portion 51 and a sixth end portion 52 opposed to each other in the longitudinal direction thereof, the tie plate 5 includes a plurality of fitting guide portions 501, one of the plurality of fitting guide portions 501 is provided at the fifth end portion 51 at an interval in the height direction of the tie plate 5, the other of the plurality of fitting guide portions 501 is provided at the sixth end portion 52 at an interval in the height direction of the pressure plate 2, and a fitting guide groove 502 penetrating the tie plate 5 in the thickness direction of the tie plate 5 is defined between two adjacent fitting guide portions 501 in the height direction of the tie plate 5.

The plurality of engagement guide portions 501 of the fifth end portion 51 can correspond one-to-one to the guide portions 201 of the first end portion 21 of the platen 2, and the plurality of engagement guide portions 501 of the sixth end portion 52 can correspond one-to-one to the guide portions 201 of the second end portion 22 of the platen 2. In other words, the guide portions 501 of the backing plates 5 correspond to the corresponding guide portions 201 of the pressure plate 2 in size and are spaced apart by the same distance, so that the backing plates 5 do not affect the loading effect of the pressure plate 2.

The application method of the planar similar model multi-size loading device of the embodiment of the invention utilizes the planar similar model multi-size loading device 100 of the embodiment to comprise the following steps:

s1, connecting the four pressing plates 2 with the guide grooves 202 end to end through the guide parts 201 to assemble the loading die.

And S2, placing the assembled loading mold on a base frame, and connecting the loading mold with four loading compression rods 4 and corresponding first drivers 31, second drivers 32, third drivers 61 and fourth drivers 62.

And S3, selecting a base plate 5 matched with the similar model, and placing the similar model in a loading mould.

And S4, driving the corresponding loading compression rods 4 to push the compression plates 2 to move through the first driver 31, the second driver 32, the third driver 61 and the fourth driver 62, so that the four compression plates 2 load similar models.

The use method of the plane similarity model multi-size loading device according to the embodiment of the invention is that the guide parts 201 at the two ends of the two pressing plates 2 in the first pressing plate group in the second direction are respectively inserted into the guide grooves 202 of the two pressing plates 2 in the second pressing plate group, so that the guide parts 201 of the two pressing plates 2 in the first pressing plate group can slide under the guide effect of the guide grooves 202 of the two pressing plates 2 in the second pressing plate group. And the guide parts 201 at the two ends of the two pressing plates 2 in the second pressing plate group are respectively inserted into the guide grooves 202 of the two pressing plates 2 in the first pressing plate group, so that the guide parts 201 of the two pressing plates 2 in the second pressing plate group can slide under the guide action of the guide grooves 202 of the two pressing plates 2 in the first pressing plate group, and the direction of the force transmitted to the similar model by the first loading assembly 3 and the second loading assembly 6 is unique, thereby improving the accuracy of the test result and being free from the influence of the size precision and the deformation of the similar model.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience of description and for simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore, should not be considered as limiting the present invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or to implicitly indicate the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; may be mechanically coupled, may be electrically coupled or may be in communication with each other; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

In the present disclosure, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples" and the like mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it should be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and not to be construed as limiting the invention, and that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A plane similarity model multi-size loading device is characterized by comprising:

a base frame;

the pressing plate comprises a first end part and a second end part which are opposite in the length direction, the pressing plate further comprises a plurality of guide parts, one part of the guide parts is arranged at the first end part at intervals in the height direction of the pressing plate, the other part of the guide parts is arranged at the second end part at intervals in the height direction of the pressing plate, and a guide groove which penetrates through the pressing plate in the thickness direction of the pressing plate is defined between every two adjacent guide parts in the height direction of the pressing plate;

the first pressing plate group comprises two pressing plates, the two pressing plates are opposite in a first direction, each pressing plate can move in the first direction, the second pressing plate group comprises two pressing plates, the two pressing plates are opposite in a second direction, each pressing plate can move in the second direction, the length direction of each pressing plate of the first pressing plate group is consistent with the second direction, the height direction of each pressing plate of the second pressing plate group is consistent with the third direction, the length direction of each pressing plate of the second pressing plate group is consistent with the first direction, the height direction of each pressing plate of the second pressing plate group is consistent with the third direction, the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction, and the third direction is perpendicular to the second direction and the first direction,

the guide portions of the platens in the first platen group are movably fittable in the guide grooves of the platens in the second platen group in the first direction, the guide portions of the platens in the second platen group are movably fittable in the guide grooves of the platens in the first platen group in the second direction,

a sample loading zone can be defined between two of the platens of the first platen set and two of the platens of the second platen set;

the first loading assembly is used for driving the two pressing plates of the first pressing plate group to move in the first direction, and the second loading assembly is used for driving the two pressing plates of the second pressing plate group to move in the second direction.

2. The plane similar model multi-size loading device according to claim 1, wherein the guide groove includes a first guide surface and a second guide surface opposite in a height direction of the pressing plate, the first guide surface and the second guide surface being perpendicular to the height direction of the pressing plate.

3. The plane similar model multi-dimensional loading device according to claim 2, wherein the guide groove further comprises a first thrust ramp comprising a first edge and a second edge opposite in a thickness direction of the platen, the first edge of the first end portion being adjacent to the second end portion opposite to the second edge, the first edge of the second end portion being adjacent to the first end portion opposite to the second edge, and the first edge of one of the platens in one platen set being adjacent to the other platen opposite to the second edge,

the guide portion has a second thrust ramp including third and fourth opposite edges in a thickness direction of the platen, the third edge of the first end portion being adjacent the second end portion opposite the fourth edge, the third edge of the second end portion being adjacent the first end portion opposite the fourth edge, and the third edge of one of the platen groups being adjacent the other platen opposite the fourth edge.

4. The planar similarity model multi-dimension loading device according to claim 3, wherein the included angle between the first thrust slope and the projection plane of the pressure plate in the thickness direction is 45 degrees, and the included angle between the second thrust slope and the projection plane of the pressure plate in the thickness direction is 45 degrees.

5. The plane similarity model multi-dimension loading device according to any one of claims 3 or 4, wherein the guide part further comprises an avoiding inclined surface, the avoiding inclined surface is arranged on one side of the guide part far away from the second thrust inclined surface in the thickness direction of the pressing plate, and the included angle between the second thrust inclined surface and the avoiding inclined surface is greater than or equal to 60 degrees and less than or equal to 180 degrees.

6. The plane similar model multi-dimension loading device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the first loading assembly comprises a first driver, a second driver and a first loading press rod set, the first loading press rod set comprises two loading press rods, the first driver and the second driver are used for driving the loading press rods to move along the first direction, one loading press rod is connected with the first driver at one end and is connected with one pressing plate in the first pressing plate set at the other end, the other loading press rod is connected with the second driver at one end and is connected with the other pressing plate in the first pressing plate set at the other end,

the second loading assembly comprises a third driver, a fourth driver and a second loading pressure rod group, the second loading pressure rod group comprises two loading pressure rods, the third driver and the fourth driver are used for driving the loading pressure rods to move along the second direction, one end of one loading pressure rod is connected with the third driver, the other end of the loading pressure rod is connected with one pressure plate in the second pressure plate group, one end of the other loading pressure rod is connected with the fourth driver, and the other end of the other loading pressure rod is connected with the other pressure plate in the second pressure plate group.

7. A flat-liked-model multi-dimensional loading device according to claim 6, wherein one of said pressure plates in said first pressure plate group includes a first spherical concave surface on a surface of a side thereof facing away from the other of said pressure plates in said first pressure plate group, an end surface of an end of said loading pressure bar connected to said pressure plate is a first spherical surface, and said first spherical concave surface is fitted with said first spherical surface,

one of the second pressure plate groups comprises a second spherical concave surface on the surface of one side of the pressure plate, which is far away from the other pressure plate in the second pressure plate group, the end surface of one end, connected with the pressure plate, of the loading pressure rod is a second spherical surface, and the second spherical concave surface is matched with the second spherical surface.

8. The plane similar model multi-dimension loading device as claimed in claim 1, further comprising at least one backing plate, wherein the backing plate is detachably arranged on the pressing plate, and the backing plate is positioned between two pressing plates of the first pressing plate group or between two pressing plates of the second pressing plate group.

9. The plane similar model multi-size loading device according to claim 8, wherein the shim plate includes a fifth end portion and a sixth end portion which are opposite in a length direction thereof, the shim plate includes a plurality of fitting guide portions, one of the plurality of fitting guide portions is provided at the fifth end portion at an interval in a height direction of the shim plate, the other of the plurality of fitting guide portions is provided at the sixth end portion at an interval in a height direction of the platen plate, a fitting guide groove penetrating the shim plate in a thickness direction thereof is defined between two adjacent fitting guide portions in the height direction of the shim plate,

the plurality of fitting guide portions of the fifth end portion may be in one-to-one correspondence with the guide portions of the first end portion of the pressing plate, and the plurality of fitting guide portions of the sixth end portion may be in one-to-one correspondence with the guide portions of the second end portion of the pressing plate.

10. A method for using a planar similarity model multi-size loading device, which is characterized in that the planar similarity model multi-size loading device of any one of claims 1-9 is adopted, and the method comprises the following steps:

s1, connecting four pressing plates with a guide groove end to end through a guide part to assemble a loading die;

s2, placing the assembled loading mould on the base frame and connecting the loading mould with the four loading compression rods and the corresponding first driver, second driver, third driver and fourth driver;

s3, selecting a base plate matched with the similar model, and placing the similar model in the loading mold;

and S4, driving the corresponding loading compression rods to push the compression plates to move through the first driver, the second driver, the third driver and the fourth driver respectively, so that the four compression plates load the similar model.

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