CN115431571A - 一种气凝胶复合隔热片的制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开一种气凝胶复合隔热片的制备方法。该方法先分别制备出气凝胶/聚四氟乙烯复合材料和导热粉体/聚四氟乙烯复合材料，随后将两种材料压延在一起，并干燥，得到气凝胶复合隔热片材。本发明制备的气凝胶复合隔热片可以实现导热层与隔热层间无胶粘结，长期使用温度大于250度以上。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种气凝胶复合隔热片的制备方法，属于纳米材料领域。
背景技术
聚四氟乙烯也叫“铁氟龙”，具有抗酸抗碱、抗有机溶剂、耐高低温，如果将聚四氟乙烯与无机材料复合，可以制备出长期耐250度的柔性复合材料。
气凝胶是目前发现的隔热性能最好的材料，市场上已经有不少气凝胶隔热膜材料。气凝胶隔热膜在应用过程中，复合一层导热材料，可以提升其均热能力，因此，将气凝胶膜与导热膜通过热敏胶粘结，形成复合隔热材料是目前主流工艺。采用热敏胶粘结，热敏胶占有厚度相当于降低了有效材料的厚度，同时长期250度以上，热敏胶的可靠性也是一个问题。本发明采用无热敏胶直接复合的方法，在制备过程中，采用聚四氟乙烯进行双层压延复合，制备出的无胶粘剂的复合气凝胶隔热片，可以长期耐250度。
发明内容
本发明公开一种气凝胶复合隔热片的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1、将气凝胶粉与乙醇混合，分散后，加入水性聚四氟乙烯乳液，充分搅拌，得到絮状物，随后在开炼机上开炼，得到气凝胶/聚四氟乙烯复合材料；
S2、将导热粉体与乙醇混合，分散后，加入水性聚四氟乙烯乳液，充分搅拌，得到絮状物，随后在开炼机上开炼，得到导热粉体/聚四氟乙烯复合材料；
S3、步骤S1制得的气凝胶/聚四氟乙烯复合材料与步骤S2制得的导热粉体/聚四氟乙烯复合材料叠加，进行压延最终成型，随后对成型样品做干燥处理。
进一步的，所述步骤S1中，气凝胶粉可以是氧化硅、氧化铝、氧化锆、聚酰亚胺等各种有机或无机气凝胶中的一种或多种；所述乙醇为气凝胶分散溶剂，分散溶剂要求与水互溶，各种醇类均可以；所述开炼机开炼，开炼温度为0-100度，优选40-80度。
进一步的，所述步骤S2中，导热粉体氧化铝、氧化硅、氮化硼、石墨粉、碳化硅、石墨烯、碳纳米管等中的一种或多种；所述乙醇为导热粉体的分散溶剂，分散溶剂要求与水互溶，各种醇类均可以；所述开炼机开炼，开炼温度为0-100度，优选40-80度。
进一步的，所述步骤S3中，压延温度为0-100度，优选40-60度。步骤S1制得的气凝胶/聚四氟乙烯复合材料与步骤S2制得的导热粉体/聚四氟乙烯复合材料的厚度比可以控制最终气凝胶复合材料的各层厚度。
与现有技术相比，本发明的优点包括：
本发明采用压延工艺，将气凝胶层与导热层复合。去掉了现有工艺中的压敏胶贴合工艺，无胶粘剂的复合气凝胶隔热片，可以长期耐250度高温。
具体实施方式
以下结合若干较佳实施例对本发明的技术方案作进一步的解释说明。
实例1
S1、将10g 氧化硅气凝胶粉与30g乙醇混合，分散后，加入10g水性聚四氟乙烯乳液，充分搅拌，得到絮状物，随后在开炼机上80度开炼，得到氧化硅气凝胶/聚四氟乙烯复合材料；
S2、将5g氮化硼导热粉体与10g乙醇混合，分散后，加入2g水性聚四氟乙烯乳液，充分搅拌，得到絮状物，随后在开炼机上60度开炼，得到氮化硼导热粉体/聚四氟乙烯复合材料；
S3、步骤S1制得的氧化硅气凝胶/聚四氟乙烯复合材料与步骤S2制得的氮化硅导热粉体/聚四氟乙烯复合材料叠加，50度压延最终成型，制备出300微米厚的气凝胶复合膜材，随后对成型样品80度干燥。制得的样品在280度，1000个小时老化，没有明显变化。
实例2
S1、将10g 聚酰亚胺气凝胶粉与30g乙醇混合，分散后，加入10g水性聚四氟乙烯乳液，充分搅拌，得到絮状物，随后在开炼机上80度开炼，得到聚酰亚胺气凝胶/聚四氟乙烯复合材料；
S2、将5g氧化铝导热粉体与20g乙醇混合，分散后，加入1g水性聚四氟乙烯乳液，充分搅拌，得到絮状物，随后在开炼机上80度开炼，得到氮化硼导热粉体/聚四氟乙烯复合材料；
S3、步骤S1制得的聚酰亚胺气凝胶/聚四氟乙烯复合材料与步骤S2制得的氧化铝导热粉体/聚四氟乙烯复合材料叠加，40度压延最终成型，制备出200微米厚的气凝胶复合膜材，随后对成型样品80度干燥。制得的样品在280度，1000个小时老化，没有明显变化。
实例3
S1、将10g 氧化硅气凝胶粉与30g乙醇混合，分散后，加入5g水性聚四氟乙烯乳液，充分搅拌，得到絮状物，随后在开炼机上80度开炼，得到氧化硅气凝胶/聚四氟乙烯复合材料；
S2、将5g石墨烯导热粉体与30g乙醇混合，分散后，加入5g水性聚四氟乙烯乳液，充分搅拌，得到絮状物，随后在开炼机上60度开炼，得到石墨导热粉体/聚四氟乙烯复合材料；
S3、步骤S1制得的氧化硅气凝胶/聚四氟乙烯复合材料与步骤S2制得的石墨烯导热粉体/聚四氟乙烯复合材料叠加，50度压延最终成型，制备出100微米厚的气凝胶复合膜材，随后对成型样品70度干燥。制得的样品在280度，1000个小时老化，没有明显变化。
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (3)
1.一种气凝胶复合隔热片的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
S1、将气凝胶粉与乙醇混合，分散后，加入水性聚四氟乙烯乳液，充分搅拌，得到絮状物，随后在开炼机上开炼，得到气凝胶/聚四氟乙烯复合材料；
S2、将导热粉体与乙醇混合，分散后，加入水性聚四氟乙烯乳液，充分搅拌，得到絮状物，随后在开炼机上开炼，得到导热粉体/聚四氟乙烯复合材料；
S3、步骤S1制得的气凝胶/聚四氟乙烯复合材料与步骤S2制得的导热粉体/聚四氟乙烯复合材料叠加，进行压延最终成型，随后对成型样品做干燥处理。
2.根据权利要求1所述一种气凝胶复合隔热片的制备方法，其特征在于：所述气凝胶粉体为氧化硅、氧化铝、氧化锆、聚酰亚胺等气凝胶粉体中的一种或多种。
3.根据权利要求1所述一种气凝胶复合隔热片的制备方法，其特征在于：所述导热粉体为氧化铝、氧化硅、氮化硼、石墨粉、碳化硅、石墨烯、碳纳米管等中的一种或多种。
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| WO2020186495A1 (en) * | 2019-03-21 | 2020-09-24 | Hefei Guoxuan High-Tech Power Energy Co., Ltd. | Multilayer composite materials with anisotropic thermal conductivity for high safety pack design |
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| CN105778365A (zh) * | 2014-12-23 | 2016-07-20 | 新材料与产业技术北京研究院 | 一种碳纳米管/聚四氟乙烯纳米复合膜及其制备方法 |
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