CN115431104A - Auxiliary fixture and detection method for detecting swing angle positioning accuracy of AB double-swing-angle milling head - Google Patents
Auxiliary fixture and detection method for detecting swing angle positioning accuracy of AB double-swing-angle milling head Download PDFInfo
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- CN115431104A CN115431104A CN202211010450.XA CN202211010450A CN115431104A CN 115431104 A CN115431104 A CN 115431104A CN 202211010450 A CN202211010450 A CN 202211010450A CN 115431104 A CN115431104 A CN 115431104A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
- B23Q17/24—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools using optics or electromagnetic waves
Abstract
The invention discloses an auxiliary fixture for detecting the swing angle positioning accuracy of an AB double-swing-angle milling head, which comprises a horizontal plate arranged horizontally at the upper part and a vertical plate vertically arranged at the lower part, wherein one end of the horizontal plate is fixedly connected with the vertical plate, and a through hole for installing a rotary shaft calibrator is arranged on a chuck vertical plate fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the horizontal plate and used for installing a mechanical hydraulic cutter sleeve. The invention can quickly install the revolving shaft calibrator on the main shaft, realize the quick parallel positioning of the revolving shaft calibrator and the rotation plane of the measured shaft, conveniently detect the positioning precision of any angle of the swing angle of the AB double-swing-angle milling head, avoid the problems of disassembly and assembly protection and difficult positioning of the rotation center, shorten the detection preparation time and improve the working efficiency; through the handle of a knife of hydraulic pressure centre gripping, can realize different specification handles of a knife to change fast to guarantee its installation accuracy, adapt to all types of main shafts, simple to operate realizes locking through main shaft locking function, avoids the beat phenomenon to appear in the auxiliary fixtures in the measurement process, guarantees the high accuracy measurement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of machine tool precision detection, in particular to an auxiliary fixture and a detection method for detecting the swing angle positioning precision of an AB double-swing-angle milling head.
Background
With the rapid development of aerospace and automobile manufacturing industries in China, more parts are changed from simple surfaces to complex surfaces, and a conventional three-coordinate machine tool cannot meet the machining requirements, so that the multi-axis linkage numerical control machine tool is widely applied to machining of various complex parts. When the multi-axis linkage machine tool is applied to complex part processing, how to ensure the high-precision processing requirement must satisfy two requirements: (1) In order to meet the machining precision requirement of the complex parts, the machine tool must be ensured to have enough initial geometric precision. (2) In order to meet the requirement of high precision of part machining, the shafts of the machine tool must be ensured to have high positioning precision, but the positioning precision of the machine tool has great influence along with temperature, machining state, mechanical abrasion and the like, and error detection and compensation must be carried out on the machine tool regularly to ensure that the machining precision of the machine tool is maintained at a high level.
At present, a laser interferometer is adopted for detecting the positioning precision errors of linear shafts, a rotary table can be detected by using a revolving shaft calibrator, but for detecting the swinging angle positioning precision of AB type double-swinging-angle milling heads, an instrument and a method which are high in accuracy and reliability are not available for realizing full-angle measurement, if the revolving shaft calibrator is used for detection, the instrument must be required to be concentric with the centers of the rotating shafts of the A and B shafts, and due to the unique structural type of the AB type double-swinging-angle milling heads, the centers of the rotating shafts of the A and B are both arranged in a protective device and are shielded by a machine tool body, the requirement for installing the revolving shaft calibrator is not met, and the measurement cannot be directly realized. Therefore, the auxiliary fixture for detecting the positioning accuracy of the swing angle of the AB double-swing-angle milling head is designed, and is used for quickly installing the revolving shaft calibrator on the main shaft and realizing quick parallel positioning of the revolving shaft calibrator and a rotation plane of a measured shaft. Due to the structural characteristics of the AB type double-swing-angle milling head, when an A shaft or a B shaft is rotated, a swing axis calibrator arranged on a main shaft rotates around the rotation centers of the A shaft and the B shaft, and the light is cut off in the measurement process, so that the method for detecting the swing angle positioning accuracy of the AB type double-swing-angle milling head is provided. The prior patent with the publication number of CN 104476325B provides a positioning precision measuring device for a rotating shaft of a double-swing-angle universal milling head, the device is a 12-surface or 36-surface prism, the device is required to be installed on the shaft center of the rotating shaft to complete measurement, the shaft center of the rotating shaft is generally wrapped by a lathe bed or a protector, a large amount of protectors are required to be removed when the device is installed on the shaft center, and rapid installation and measurement cannot be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an auxiliary fixture and a detection method for detecting the swing angle positioning accuracy of an AB double-swing-angle milling head, which avoid the trouble of dismounting protection and greatly shorten the time and cost for detecting the swing angle positioning accuracy of the AB double-swing-angle milling head.
The invention also aims to provide the auxiliary fixture for detecting the swing angle positioning accuracy of the AB double-swing-angle milling head and the detection method of the detection method.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: an auxiliary fixture for detecting the swing angle positioning accuracy of an AB double-swing-angle milling head comprises a horizontal plate arranged horizontally at the upper part and a vertical plate vertically arranged at the lower part, wherein one end of the horizontal plate is fixedly connected with the vertical plate, and a chuck for mounting a mechanical hydraulic cutter sleeve is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the horizontal plate; and the vertical plate is provided with a through hole for mounting a rotating shaft calibrator.
In order to better realize the invention, a clamping rod is further arranged on the chuck, and the mechanical hydraulic knife sleeve is nested on the clamping rod and is fixed with the chuck through a locking screw arranged on the mechanical hydraulic knife sleeve.
In order to better implement the invention, further, the chuck is fixedly connected with the transverse plate through fixing screws in a ring array taking the clamping rods as circle centers.
In order to better realize the invention, furthermore, the outer edge of the through hole on the vertical plate is provided with a positioning boss matched with the through hole, and screw holes for fixing the rotating shaft calibrator are arranged around the positioning boss in an annular array at the center of the through hole.
In order to better implement the invention, further, the transverse plate and the vertical plate are of an integral structure.
A detection method for positioning accuracy of a swing angle of an AB double-swing-angle milling head comprises the following steps:
s1: opening an RTCP five-axis linkage function of the machine tool, and executing a TRAORI instruction to activate the five-axis linkage function;
s2: mounting a mechanical hydraulic cutter sleeve on the positioning precision detection auxiliary clamp, measuring the distance L1 from the end face of the cutter handle to the center of the positioning boss, and inputting the value of L1 into the called length value of the cutter;
s3: the machine tool runs to the original point position, and the positioning precision detection auxiliary clamp is arranged on a main shaft of the machine tool;
s4: installing a revolving shaft calibrator on the positioning precision detection auxiliary fixture;
s5: taking the end face of the free end of the transverse plate in the positioning accuracy detection auxiliary clamp as a reference plane, detecting the reference plane along the running direction of the tested swing angle, and adjusting the reference plane to be parallel to the plane of the tested axis;
s6: the numerical control system executes a main shaft locking instruction;
s7: when the RTCP function is turned on and the A axis or the B axis is rotated, the A axis or the B axis rotates around the center of the rotation axis calibrator;
s8: erecting a laser interferometer and an angle interference mirror according to the field spatial arrangement, and adjusting laser beams to ensure sufficient laser signals;
s9: connecting the laser interferometer and the rotating shaft calibrator with a measurement computer, starting measurement software, and setting measurement parameters;
s10: the point location measuring program is edited on a machine tool control panel, measurement is carried out by one measuring point every 5 degrees, each position is paused for 4s, data acquisition is facilitated, when the swing angle of the program control machine tool is forwardly stepped by 5 degrees, the measuring mirror on the revolving shaft calibrator reversely revolves for 5 degrees, light is guaranteed to be not broken in the measuring process, 5 degrees of revolution of the reflecting mirror are absolute 5 degrees, laser is reflected to an incident light port of the laser head through an angle interference mirror, the laser head measures the angle error between the actual position and the theoretical position through the angle interference principle, the error is the angle positioning error, software records the error value of each target point location, and therefore full-angle detection of the swing angle positioning accuracy of the AB double-swing-angle milling head is achieved.
In order to better realize the method of the invention, further, in the step, a dial indicator is adopted to detect the reference plane, and the reference plane is adjusted to be parallel to the plane of the measured axis, so that the parallelism is less than or equal to 0.02mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
(1) According to the auxiliary fixture for detecting the swing angle positioning accuracy of the AB double-swing-angle milling head, the rotating shaft calibrator can be rapidly installed on the main shaft, the rotating shaft calibrator and the rotating plane of the measured shaft can be rapidly and parallelly positioned, the positioning accuracy of any swing angle of the AB double-swing-angle milling head can be conveniently detected, the problems of disassembly, assembly, protection and difficult positioning of a rotating center are avoided, the detection preparation time is shortened, and the working efficiency is improved;
(2) The auxiliary clamp can rapidly realize the replacement of the tool shanks with different specifications through the hydraulically clamped tool shank, ensures the installation precision of the auxiliary clamp, is suitable for all types of main shafts, is convenient to install, realizes locking through the locking function of the main shaft, avoids the deflection phenomenon of the auxiliary clamp in the measuring process and ensures high-precision measurement;
(3) The invention aims at the fact that a revolving shaft calibrator is arranged on a main shaft through an auxiliary clamp and is not directly arranged on a swinging angle revolving shaft, and therefore, the invention provides the method for detecting the swinging angle positioning accuracy of the AB double-swinging-angle milling head;
(4) The auxiliary clamp and the corresponding detection method provided by the invention can greatly improve the detection precision, the error resolution can reach 0.0001 degree, the technical defects of the existing clamp can be overcome, the auxiliary clamp has good market prospect, and the auxiliary clamp and the corresponding detection method are suitable for wide popularization and application.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic isometric view of the southwest of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a northwest isometric configuration of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of the present invention with a mechanical hydraulic tool holder;
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the present invention after installation of a pivot aligner;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the overall mounting structure of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the detection process of the present invention.
Wherein: the device comprises a transverse plate 1, a vertical plate 2, a chuck 3, a clamping rod 31, a fixing screw 32, a mechanical hydraulic cutter sleeve 4, a locking screw 41, a rotating shaft calibrator 5, a through hole 6, a positioning boss 7 and a screw hole 8.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings, which are based on the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings, and are used for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or to implicitly indicate the number of technical features indicated. Thus, the definitions of "first" and "second" are for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly including one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through an intermediary, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in a specific case to those of ordinary skill in the art.
Example 1:
the embodiment provides an auxiliary fixture for detecting the swing angle positioning accuracy of an AB double-swing-angle milling head, which has a specific structure shown in fig. 1 and 2, and comprises a horizontal plate 1 horizontally arranged at the upper part and a vertical plate 2 vertically arranged at the lower part, wherein one end of the horizontal plate 1 is fixedly connected with the vertical plate 2, and a chuck 3 for mounting a mechanical hydraulic cutter sleeve 4 is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the horizontal plate 1; the vertical plate 2 is provided with a through hole 6 for installing the rotating shaft calibrator 5.
The chuck 3 is provided with a clamping rod 31, the mechanical hydraulic knife sleeve 4 is nested on the clamping rod 31 and is fixed with the chuck 3 through a locking screw 41 arranged on the mechanical hydraulic knife sleeve 4; the chuck 3 is fixedly connected with the transverse plate 1 through a fixing screw 32 which takes a clamping rod 31 as a circle center and is in a ring array; the outer edge of the through hole 6 on the vertical plate 2 is provided with a positioning boss 7 matched with the through hole, and screw holes 8 for fixing the rotating shaft calibrator 5 are arranged around the positioning boss 7 in an annular array by taking the center of the through hole 6 as a circle; the transverse plate 1 and the vertical plate 2 are of an integral structure.
In the specific process of using the positioning accuracy detection auxiliary clamp, firstly, the chuck 3 is fixedly connected with the transverse plate 1 through four fixing screws 32 which take a clamping rod 31 as a circle center and are in a ring array; then, inserting the mechanical hydraulic knife sleeve 4 into the clamping rod 31, fixing the mechanical hydraulic knife sleeve 4 with the chuck 3 by using a locking screw 41 provided by the mechanical hydraulic knife sleeve 4, and measuring the distance L1 from the end face of the knife handle to the center of the positioning boss as shown in FIG. 3; then, the rotating shaft calibrator 5 is arranged in the through hole 6 of the vertical plate 2, the positioning boss 7 is used for realizing the quick and accurate positioning of the rotating shaft calibrator 5, and then the rotating shaft calibrator 5 is fixed in the through hole 6 of the vertical plate 2 through the matching of the fastening screw and the screw hole 8, as shown in fig. 4; finally, the tool holder of the mechanical hydraulic tool sleeve 4 is arranged on the main shaft of the machine tool, as shown in fig. 5, and after the main shaft is locked, the auxiliary fixture is ensured not to have a deflection phenomenon in the measuring process.
The method for detecting the swing angle positioning accuracy of the AB double-swing-angle milling head by using the auxiliary positioning accuracy detection clamp comprises the following steps as shown in fig. 6:
s1: opening an RTCP five-axis linkage function of the machine tool, and executing a TRAORI instruction to activate the five-axis linkage function;
s2: installing a mechanical hydraulic tool sleeve 4 on the positioning precision detection auxiliary clamp, measuring the distance L1 from the end face of the tool shank to the center of the positioning boss, and inputting the value of L1 into the called length value of the tool;
s3: the machine tool runs to the original point position, and the positioning precision detection auxiliary clamp is arranged on a main shaft of the machine tool;
s4: mounting the revolving axis calibrator 5 on the positioning accuracy detection auxiliary fixture;
s5: taking the end face of the free end of the transverse plate 1 in the positioning accuracy detection auxiliary clamp as a reference plane, detecting the reference plane along the running direction of a detected swing angle, and adjusting the reference plane to be parallel to the plane of a detected axis;
s6: the numerical control system executes a main shaft locking instruction;
s7: when the RTCP function is turned on and the A axis or the B axis is rotated, the A axis or the B axis rotates around the center of the rotation axis calibrator;
s8: according to the field space arrangement, erecting a laser interferometer and an angle interferometer, adjusting laser beams and ensuring sufficient laser signals;
s9: connecting the laser interferometer and the rotating shaft calibrator with a measuring computer, opening measuring software and setting measuring parameters;
s10: the point location measuring program is edited on a machine tool control panel, the point location measuring program is measured by one measuring point every 5 degrees, each position is paused for 4s, data acquisition is facilitated, when the program controls the machine tool to forwardly step by 5 degrees, the measuring mirror on the rotating shaft calibrator reversely rotates by 5 degrees, the light interruption in the measuring process is guaranteed, the rotating 5 degrees of the reflecting mirror are absolute 5 degrees, laser is reflected to an incident light port of a laser head through an angle interference mirror, the laser head measures the angle error between the actual position and the theoretical position through the angle interference principle, the error is the angle positioning error, software records the error value of each target point location, and therefore the full-angle detection of the AB double-swing-angle milling head swing angle positioning accuracy is achieved.
In the step 5, a dial indicator is adopted to detect the reference plane, and the reference plane is adjusted to be parallel to the plane of the measured axis, so that the parallelism is less than or equal to 0.02mm.
Example 2:
in this embodiment, based on the above embodiment, taking a machine tool with a siemens five-axis linkage function as an example, the positioning accuracy detection auxiliary fixture and the detection method provided by the above embodiment are used to perform full angle detection of the swing angle positioning accuracy of the AB double-swing-angle milling head, and the results are shown in table 1:
table-detection condition table
According to the table I, the auxiliary fixture for detecting the positioning accuracy can rapidly realize replacement of tool shanks with different specifications through the hydraulically clamped tool shank, ensures the installation accuracy, adapts to all types of spindles, is convenient to install, realizes locking through a spindle locking function, avoids the phenomenon of deflection of the auxiliary fixture in the measuring process, ensures high-accuracy measurement, and has the error resolution ratio of 0.0001.
It is understood that the working principle and working process of the positioning accuracy detection auxiliary clamp structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as the chuck 3 and the positioning boss 7, are well known in the art and will not be described in detail herein.
While embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. The auxiliary fixture for detecting the swing angle positioning accuracy of the AB double-swing-angle milling head is characterized by comprising a horizontal plate (1) horizontally arranged at the upper part and a vertical plate (2) vertically arranged at the lower part, wherein one end of the horizontal plate (1) is fixedly connected with the vertical plate (2), and a chuck (3) for mounting a mechanical hydraulic cutter sleeve (4) is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the horizontal plate (1); and the vertical plate (2) is provided with a through hole (6) for installing a rotary shaft calibrator (5).
2. The auxiliary fixture for detecting the swing angle positioning accuracy of the AB double-swing-angle milling head according to claim 1, wherein a clamping rod (31) is arranged on the chuck (3), and the mechanical hydraulic cutter sleeve (4) is nested on the clamping rod (31) and fixed with the chuck (3) through a locking screw (41) arranged on the mechanical hydraulic cutter sleeve (4).
3. The auxiliary fixture for detecting the positioning accuracy of the swing angle of the AB double-swing-angle milling head according to claim 2, characterized in that the chuck (3) is fixedly connected with the transverse plate (1) through fixing screws (32) which are in a ring array and take the clamping rod (31) as a circle center.
4. The auxiliary fixture for detecting the swing angle positioning accuracy of the AB double-swing-angle milling head according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a positioning boss (7) matched with the through hole (6) is arranged on the outer edge of the through hole (6) on the vertical plate (2), and screw holes (8) for fixing the rotating shaft calibration instrument (5) are arranged around the positioning boss (7) in an annular array by using the centers of the through holes (6).
5. The auxiliary clamp for detecting the swing angle positioning accuracy of the AB double-swing-angle milling head according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the transverse plate (1) and the vertical plate (2) are of an integral structure.
6. A detection method for positioning accuracy of a swing angle of an AB double-swing-angle milling head is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: opening an RTCP five-axis linkage function of the machine tool, and executing a TRAORI instruction to activate the five-axis linkage function;
s2: installing a mechanical hydraulic cutter sleeve (4) on the positioning accuracy detection auxiliary clamp of any one of claims 1 to 5, measuring the distance L1 from the end face of the cutter handle to the center of the positioning boss, and inputting the value of L1 into the called length value of the cutter;
s3: the machine tool runs to the original point position, and the positioning precision detection auxiliary clamp is arranged on a main shaft of the machine tool;
s4: mounting a revolving shaft calibrator (5) on the positioning accuracy detection auxiliary fixture;
s5: the end face of the free end of the transverse plate (1) in the positioning accuracy detection auxiliary clamp is used as a reference plane, the reference plane is detected along the running direction of a detected swing angle, and the reference plane is adjusted to be parallel to the plane of a detected axis;
s6: the numerical control system executes a main shaft locking instruction;
s7: when the RTCP function is turned on and the A axis or the B axis is rotated, the A axis or the B axis rotates around the center of the rotation axis calibrator;
s8: according to the field space arrangement, erecting a laser interferometer and an angle interferometer, adjusting laser beams and ensuring sufficient laser signals;
s9: connecting the laser interferometer and the rotating shaft calibrator with a measuring computer, opening measuring software and setting measuring parameters;
s10: the point location measuring program is edited on a machine tool control panel, the point location measuring program is measured by one measuring point every 5 degrees, each position is paused for 4s, data acquisition is facilitated, when the program controls the machine tool to forwardly step by 5 degrees, the measuring mirror on the rotating shaft calibrator reversely rotates by 5 degrees, the light interruption in the measuring process is guaranteed, the rotating 5 degrees of the reflecting mirror are absolute 5 degrees, laser is reflected to an incident light port of a laser head through an angle interference mirror, the laser head measures the angle error between the actual position and the theoretical position through the angle interference principle, the error is the angle positioning error, software records the error value of each target point location, and therefore the full-angle detection of the AB double-swing-angle milling head swing angle positioning accuracy is achieved.
7. The method for detecting the positioning accuracy of the swing angle of the AB double-swing-angle milling head according to claim 6, wherein in the step (5), a dial indicator is adopted to detect a reference plane, and the reference plane is adjusted to be parallel to a plane of a measured axis, so that the parallelism is less than or equal to 0.02mm.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211010450.XA CN115431104A (en) | 2022-08-23 | 2022-08-23 | Auxiliary fixture and detection method for detecting swing angle positioning accuracy of AB double-swing-angle milling head |
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| CN202211010450.XA CN115431104A (en) | 2022-08-23 | 2022-08-23 | Auxiliary fixture and detection method for detecting swing angle positioning accuracy of AB double-swing-angle milling head |
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