CN115427875A - Liquid crystal display device having a plurality of pixel electrodes - Google Patents
Liquid crystal display device having a plurality of pixel electrodes Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN115427875A CN115427875A CN202180029460.5A CN202180029460A CN115427875A CN 115427875 A CN115427875 A CN 115427875A CN 202180029460 A CN202180029460 A CN 202180029460A CN 115427875 A CN115427875 A CN 115427875A
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- Prior art keywords
- protective film
- polarizing plate
- liquid crystal
- polarizer protective
- film
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- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DQFBYFPFKXHELB-VAWYXSNFSA-N trans-chalcone Chemical group C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 DQFBYFPFKXHELB-VAWYXSNFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 229910001930 tungsten oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920006337 unsaturated polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133528—Polarisers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/13363—Birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F2201/00—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00
- G02F2201/50—Protective arrangements
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Polarising Elements (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal Substances (AREA)
Abstract
The main object of the present invention is to provide: a thinner liquid crystal display device in which generation of rainbow unevenness and warping of a liquid crystal panel are prevented. The above object can be achieved by a liquid crystal display device: the liquid crystal display device comprises a backlight source, a light source side polarizing plate, a liquid crystal cell, and a visible side polarizing plate in this order, wherein the light source side polarizing plate and the visible side polarizing plate each have at least 1 sheet of a polarizer protective film and a polarizer, the polarizer protective film which is the polarizer protective film of the visible side polarizing plate and is positioned on the side of the polarizer opposite to the liquid crystal cell is defined as a polarizer protective film 1, the polarizer protective film which is the polarizer protective film of the light source side polarizing plate and is positioned on the side of the polarizer opposite to the liquid crystal cell is defined as a polarizer protective film 4, in this case, the in-plane retardation of the polarizer protective film 4 is 5000 to 10000nm, and the ratio of the in-plane retardation of the polarizer protective film 1to the in-plane retardation of the polarizer protective film 4 is 0.55 to 0.95.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device, and typically relates to: a liquid crystal display device which can be made thinner while suppressing a reduction in visibility due to warping and rainbow unevenness of a liquid crystal panel.
Background
In recent years, image display devices are required to be larger and thinner. Accordingly, even in the liquid crystal display device, when the liquid crystal cell is viewed from the visible side during use, the problem of light leakage at the corners due to concave warpage in the longitudinal direction becomes more and more pronounced. In addition, a polarizer protective film having a high retardation has been proposed and widely used in a polarizing plate used in a liquid crystal display device, but a polarizer protective film having a high retardation represented by polyester has to secure a high retardation in order to suppress occurrence of rainbow unevenness, and there is a limitation in reducing the thickness of the film. In particular, although the rainbow unevenness is more easily seen as the retardation is inclined in the oblique direction from the front, the angle at which the rainbow unevenness is less noticeable becomes sharply narrower if the retardation amount is made lower.
As a method for reducing the warpage of the liquid crystal panel, a method for adjusting the shrinkage in the width direction (TD) of a polarizer protective film of a light source side polarizing plate has been proposed (for example, patent document 1).
On the other hand, liquid crystal display devices are generally configured by laminating polarizing plates on both sides of a liquid crystal cell, but in liquid crystal display devices distributed as commercial products, in a light source side polarizing plate and a visible side polarizing plate, an antireflection layer, an antiglare layer, and the like are provided on a visible side polarizing plate protective film of the visible side polarizing plate, and in addition to this, polarizing plates having the same thickness, optical characteristics, and the like are used.
Documents of the prior art
Patent document
Patent document 1: WO2019/054406
Disclosure of Invention
Problems to be solved by the invention
The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide a thinner liquid crystal display device in which occurrence of rainbow unevenness is prevented.
The inventors of the present invention found that: the shrinkage of the polarizing plate of the visible-side polarizing plate is largely affected by the warping of the liquid crystal panel, and if the thickness of the polarizing plate protective film is reduced, the force of the polarizing plate protective film against the shrinkage of the polarizing plate is also weakened, and the liquid crystal panel becomes easily warped. A further object of the present invention is to provide a thinner liquid crystal display device in which warping of a liquid crystal panel is prevented.
Means for solving the problems
The present invention includes the following aspects.
The liquid crystal display device of item 1, comprising in order: the liquid crystal display device includes a backlight source, a light source side polarizing plate, a liquid crystal cell, and a visible side polarizing plate, wherein the light source side polarizing plate and the visible side polarizing plate each have at least 1 sheet of a polarizer protective film and a polarizer, the polarizer protective film which is the polarizer protective film of the visible side polarizing plate and which is positioned on the side of the polarizer opposite to the liquid crystal cell is defined as a polarizer protective film 1, the polarizer protective film which is the polarizer protective film of the light source side polarizing plate and which is positioned on the side of the polarizer opposite to the liquid crystal cell is defined as a polarizer protective film 4, in this case, an in-plane retardation of the polarizer protective film 4 is 5000 to 10000nm, and a ratio of the in-plane retardation of the polarizer protective film 1to the in-plane retardation of the polarizer protective film 4 is 0.55 to 0.97.
Item 2 the liquid crystal display device according to item 1, wherein the in-plane retardation of the polarizer protective film 1 is 4500 to 9500nm.
Item 3 the liquid crystal display device according to item 1 or 2, wherein a ratio of an in-plane retardation of the polarizer protective film 1/an in-plane retardation of the polarizer protective film 4 is 0.55 to 0.95.
Item 4 the liquid crystal display device according to any one of items 1to 3, wherein the thickness of the polarizer protective film 4 is 50 to 95 μm, and the ratio of the thickness of the polarizer protective film 1/the thickness of the polarizer protective film 4 is 0.5 to 0.97.
The liquid crystal display device according to any one of items 1to 4, wherein the polarizer protective film 1 has a thickness of 40 to 80 μm.
Item 6 the liquid crystal display device according to any one of items 1to 5, wherein a ratio of the thickness of the polarizer protective film 1/the thickness of the polarizer protective film 4 is 0.5 to 0.95.
ADVANTAGEOUS EFFECTS OF INVENTION
According to the above configuration, for example, a thinner liquid crystal display device in which occurrence of rainbow unevenness is prevented and a thinner liquid crystal display device in which warping of a liquid crystal panel is prevented can be provided.
Detailed Description
The present inventors have intensively studied the generation and suppression methods of the rainbow unevenness and warpage of the liquid crystal panel, and as a result, have clarified the following, found a method for suppressing the rainbow unevenness and warpage while achieving a reduction in thickness, and further have made extensive studies to obtain the present invention.
In the case of a polarizing plate using a polarizer protective film having a high retardation, iridescent unevenness is more easily visible when the polarizing plate is used on the light source side than when the polarizing plate is used on the visible side.
When the retardation of the polarizer protective film of the light source side polarizing plate is the same as that of the polarizer protective film of the visible side polarizing plate, the retardation of the polarizer protective film of the visible side polarizing plate is excessive.
By eliminating the excess of the retardation of the polarizer protective film of the visible-side polarizing plate, the display device can be made thinner.
The strength of the polarizer protective film on the side opposite to the liquid crystal cell of the light source side polarizing plate is important in order to suppress the warping of the liquid crystal panel.
The liquid crystal display device of the present invention comprises in order: a backlight source, a light source side polarizing plate, a liquid crystal cell, and a visible side polarizing plate. In this specification, a liquid crystal panel refers to a device having a liquid crystal cell in which a liquid crystal compound is sealed between 2 substrates, and polarizing plates disposed (or bonded) on the light source side and the viewing side of the liquid crystal cell. Therefore, the liquid crystal display device of the present invention has a backlight light source and a liquid crystal panel. The polarizing plate has a polarizing plate and at least 1 polarizing plate protective film, and the polarizing plate protective film is disposed (or attached) on the side opposite to the liquid crystal cell of the polarizing plate. Further, other films or layers (a polarizing plate protective film, a retardation film, a cured resin layer, and the like) may be provided on the liquid crystal cell side of the polarizing plate, and the polarizing plate may be directly bonded to the liquid crystal cell.
In the present specification, a liquid crystal panel is simply referred to as a panel and a liquid crystal cell is simply referred to as a cell in some cases. The polarizer protective film on the side opposite to the liquid crystal cell of the visible-side polarizing plate is sometimes referred to as a polarizer protective film 1, the polarizer protective film or the retardation film on the liquid crystal cell side of the visible-side polarizing plate is sometimes referred to as a polarizer protective film 2, the polarizer protective film or the retardation film on the liquid crystal cell side of the light source-side polarizing plate is sometimes referred to as a polarizer protective film 3, and the polarizer protective film on the side opposite to the liquid crystal cell of the light source-side polarizing plate is sometimes referred to as a polarizer protective film 4.
The properties of the polarizer protective film 1 and the polarizer protective film 4 will be described below. The term "polarizer protective film 1" or "polarizer protective film 4" refers to a base film on which a functional layer or the like described later is not provided, unless otherwise specified. The base film may include an easy-adhesion layer described later.
The lower limit of the in-plane retardation (hereinafter, referred to as Re or retardation in some cases) of the polarizing plate protective film 4 is preferably 5000nm, more preferably 5500nm, and still more preferably 6000nm. By setting the above, a wide angle at which the rainbow unevenness is inconspicuous can be ensured.
The upper limit of Re of the polarizer protective film 4 is preferably 10000nm, more preferably 9500nm, further preferably 9000nm, and particularly preferably 8700nm. By setting the thickness to be as follows, the extra thickness is reduced, and the thinning of the display device is facilitated.
Re is the in-plane retardation of the film, and is obtained by multiplying the difference between the refractive indices nx and ny of the biaxial perpendicular axes when viewed from the film plane direction by the film thickness d. The refractive index can be determined by an Abbe refractometer (manufactured by Atago, NAR-4T, measurement wavelength 589 nm).
The lower limit of Re of the polarizer protective film 1 is preferably 4500nm, more preferably 5000nm, and further preferably 5500nm. By setting the above, a wide angle at which the rainbow unevenness is inconspicuous can be ensured.
The upper limit of Re of the polarizer protective film 1 is preferably 9500nm, more preferably 9000nm, still more preferably 8500nm, particularly preferably 8000nm, and most preferably 7500nm. By setting the thickness to be as follows, the extra thickness is reduced, and the thinning of the display device is facilitated.
The lower limit of the ratio of the in-plane retardation of the polarizer protective film 1to the in-plane retardation of the polarizer protective film 4 (which may be simply referred to as Re ratio) is preferably 0.55, more preferably 0.6, still more preferably 0.65, and particularly preferably 0.7.
The upper limit of the Re ratio is preferably 0.97, more preferably 0.96, and still more preferably 0.95. Further, an especially preferred upper limit is 0.9, 0.85, or 0.8. By setting the thickness to be as follows, the extra thickness is reduced, and the thinning of the display device is facilitated.
In order that the polarizing plate protective films 1 and 4 have similar optical characteristics and require the effects of the present invention, it is also preferable that the Re ratio is more than 0.95 and 0.97 or less.
The range of Re ratios is based on the following insights: when a film having a higher retardation than that of the polarizer protective film 1 is used as the polarizer protective film 4, the occurrence of iridescence is liable to be conspicuous, and even when the same retardation is used as the polarizer protective film 4 for the light source side polarizing plate, the range in which iridescence is inconspicuous is narrow. That is, if the retardation is in a range where no rainbow unevenness is noticeable, the retardation of the polarizer protective film 1 of the visible-side polarizer can be low. In other words, when the polarizing plate protection film 1 and the polarizing plate protection film 4 are films having the same retardation, the polarizing plate protection film 4 is strongly affected by iridescence spots, and the polarizing plate protection film 1 generates an excessive retardation. Here, the term "not to be conspicuous of the iris" includes a case where the iris is not observed.
In liquid crystal display devices such as televisions, particularly VA-type and IPS-type liquid crystal display devices, the light absorption axis direction of the polarizing plate of the visible-side polarizing plate is often horizontal in order to prevent blackout when viewing the device with polarized sunglasses. Further, while a general polarizer is stretched in the flow direction (MD) of film formation and the MD direction is the light absorption axis, a high retardation film is often stretched in the TD direction in a tenter, and therefore the TD direction is often the main orientation axis, and as a result, the light absorption axis direction of the polarizer and the main orientation axis direction of the high retardation polarizer protective film are often orthogonal to each other in the polarizer. Therefore, the main alignment axis of the polarizer protective film 1 is mostly vertical to the liquid crystal display device, and the main alignment axis of the polarizer protective film 4 is mostly horizontal to the liquid crystal display device. Further, in the above-described general liquid crystal display device, the longitudinal direction is often set to the horizontal direction.
On the other hand, when observed obliquely from the normal direction of the film along the main orientation axis direction or the orthogonal direction of the film, the occurrence of rainbow unevenness due to the high retardation film is less likely to occur, and when observed obliquely slightly from the main orientation axis direction of the film in a direction deviated from the orthogonal direction by about 20 to 50 degrees, that is, from the main orientation axis direction of the film, the occurrence of rainbow unevenness is more likely to occur. In general, when a liquid crystal display screen is observed, the liquid crystal display screen is often observed with an angle in the horizontal direction (left and right) as compared with the case of observing the liquid crystal display screen with an angle in the vertical direction (up and down). In this case, for the purpose of reducing the thickness, it is preferable to preferentially reduce the rainbow unevenness generated in the polarizer protective film 4 of the light source side polarizing plate.
The reason why the protective film 4 for a polarizing plate on the light source side strongly shows rainbow unevenness is considered as follows: a reflection type polarizing plate is often used between the light source and the polarizer protective film 4 to improve the luminance, and linearly polarized light is incident on the polarizer protective film 4; further, a polarization component is generated by reflection at the surface interface of the polarizer protective film 4, and the polarization component is disturbed when passing through the polarizer protective film 4 having a retardation amount, and the disturbance becomes clear in the polarizer of the light source side polarizing plate; an antireflection layer and an antiglare layer are often provided on the surface of the polarizer protective film 1 of the visible-side polarizing plate, and rainbow unevenness is easily suppressed; however, the present invention is not limited to these examples.
The lower limit of the retardation (Rth) in the thickness direction of the polarizing plate protective film 4 is preferably 5200nm, more preferably 5500nm, further preferably 5700nm, further more preferably 6000nm, and particularly preferably 6200nm. The upper limit of Rth of the polarizer protective film 4 is preferably 12000nm, more preferably 11000nm, still more preferably 10000nm, particularly preferably 9500nm.
The lower limit of Rth of the polarizing plate protective film 1 is preferably 4700nm, more preferably 5000nm, further preferably 5200nm, further more preferably 5500nm, and particularly preferably 5700nm. The upper limit of Rth of the polarizer protective film 1 is preferably 10000nm, more preferably 9500nm, further preferably 9000nm, further more preferably 8500nm, and particularly preferably 8000nm.
The thickness-direction retardation is an average value of retardation values obtained by multiplying each of 2 birefringence Δ Nxz (= | nx-nz |), (= | ny-nz |) and Δ Nyz (= | ny-nz |) observed from a cross section in the film thickness direction by the film thickness d.
The lower limit of Re/Rth of each of the polarizer protective films 1 and 4 independently is preferably 0.8, more preferably 0.85, further preferably 0.9. The upper limit of Re/Rth of each of the polarizer protective films 1 and 4 independently is preferably 1.2, more preferably 1.1, further preferably 1.05, particularly preferably 1. The larger Re/Rth, the wider the range of angles at which the rainbow unevenness is not noticeable. In a completely uniaxial (uniaxially symmetric) film, the Re/Rth is 2, but the mechanical strength in the direction perpendicular to the orientation direction is improved with the numerical value away from 2, and the film tends to be less likely to break, resulting in improvement in productivity.
The lower limit of the NZ coefficient of each of the polarizer protective films 1 and 4 independently is preferably 1.4, more preferably 1.45, and further preferably 1.47. By setting the above, stable production becomes easy. The upper limit of the NZ coefficient of each of the polarizer protective films 1 and 4 independently is preferably 1.7, more preferably 1.68, and further preferably 1.66.
The smaller the NZ coefficient, the wider the range of angles at which the iridescence is inconspicuous. In a completely uniaxial (uniaxially symmetric) film, the NZ coefficient is 1.0, but as the numerical value is further away from 1.0, the mechanical strength in the direction perpendicular to the orientation direction improves, the film becomes less likely to break, and the productivity tends to improve.
The NZ coefficient is NZ = | nx-NZ |/| nx-ny |, and nx, ny, NZ of the film are substituted into the formula to obtain.
The appropriate ranges of the above-mentioned Re, rth, re/Rth and NZ coefficients, particularly the lower limits of the Re, rth and NZ coefficients and the upper limit of the Re/Rth in relation to the width of the field of view, can be selected depending on the application of the liquid crystal display device. For example, a wide angle of view is preferable for television and digital signage applications, but for example, in car navigation, rear and side monitors of mirrorless cars, monitors of personal computers, screens of ATMs, smartphones, and the like, even if the angle of view is narrow, a large problem may not arise. Therefore, the effect of the present invention is to secure a viewing angle required for the application and to realize a thinner profile, and a wide viewing angle is not necessarily all preferable.
The lower limit of the thickness of the polarizer protective film 4 (polarizer protective film on the side opposite to the liquid crystal cell of the light source side polarizing plate) is preferably 50 μm, more preferably 55 μm, and still more preferably 60 μm. By setting the above, it becomes easy to suppress the warpage of the liquid crystal panel and to secure a retardation amount for suppressing the occurrence of the rainbow unevenness.
The upper limit of the thickness of the polarizer protective film 4 is preferably 95 μm, more preferably 90 μm, and still more preferably 85 μm. By setting the above to the following, the display device can be easily thinned.
The lower limit of the thickness of the polarizer protective film 1 (the polarizer protective film on the side opposite to the liquid crystal cell of the visible-side polarizer) is preferably 40 μm, more preferably 45 μm, and still more preferably 50 μm. By setting the above, it becomes easy to suppress the warpage of the liquid crystal panel and to secure a retardation amount for suppressing the occurrence of the rainbow unevenness.
The upper limit of the thickness of the polarizer protective film 1 is preferably 80 μm, more preferably 75 μm, still more preferably 70 μm, and particularly preferably 65 μm. By setting the above to the following, the display device can be easily thinned.
The lower limit of the ratio of the thickness of the polarizer protective film 1to the thickness of the polarizer protective film 4 (which may be simply referred to as the thickness ratio) is preferably 0.5, more preferably 0.6, still more preferably 0.65, and particularly preferably 0.7. The upper limit of the thickness ratio is preferably 0.97, more preferably 0.96, and still more preferably 0.95. Further, a particularly preferred upper limit is 0.9, 0.85, or 0.8. By setting the thickness to be as follows, the extra thickness is reduced, and the thinning of the display device is facilitated.
Although the polarizer protective films 1 and 4 have similar optical characteristics, it is preferable that the thickness ratio is more than 0.95 and 0.97 or less in order to require the effects of the present invention.
The range of thickness ratios is based on the following insight: the warpage of the liquid crystal panel greatly affects the shrinkage (longitudinal direction of the screen; usually, MD direction) of the polarizer of the visible-side polarizing plate, and the strength of the polarizer protective film 4 of the light source-side polarizing plate located on the opposite side with the cell interposed therebetween is important for suppressing the warpage. In order to resist shrinkage of the polarizer of the visible-side polarizing plate, for example, strength against shrinkage of the polarizer protective film 1 of the visible-side polarizing plate in the MD direction of the polarizer and strength against elongation of the polarizer protective film 4 of the light source-side polarizing plate in the TD direction are required, but in the case of a general polarizer protective film having a high retardation, stretching in the TD direction is often performed in a tenter, and since strength in the TD direction is strong for thinning, thickening the polarizer protective film 4 may be advantageous to suppress warping of the liquid crystal panel as compared with thickening the polarizer protective film 1. In other words, when the polarizer protective film 1 and the polarizer protective film 4 are made to have the same thickness, the polarizer protective film 1 may have an excessive thickness, which may be disadvantageous for further thinning.
The lower limit of the total film thickness of the polarizing plate protective film 1 and the polarizing plate protective film 4 is preferably 90 μm, more preferably 95 μm, and still more preferably 100 μm. By setting the above, it becomes easy to suppress the warping of the liquid crystal panel, secure Re, and suppress the occurrence of rainbow unevenness.
The upper limit of the total film thickness of the polarizing plate protective film 1 and the polarizing plate protective film 4 is preferably 155. Mu.m, more preferably 150. Mu.m, and still more preferably 145. Mu.m. By setting the above to the following, the display device can be easily thinned.
The warp of the liquid crystal panel varies depending on the shrinkage force of the polarizing plate, the size of the liquid crystal display device, and the like. Therefore, the effect of the present invention is that the thickness of the polarizer protective film is not necessarily equal to or less than a specific value, while the thickness necessary for the shrinkage force and size of the polarizer of the polarizing plate is secured and the thinner polarizer can be realized.
In the examples, the thickness and retardation of the polarizer protective film were measured in the state of a base film, but if the polarizer is processed as a polarizing plate, the polarizing plate may be cut out, and the thickness may be measured by observing the cross section with an optical microscope or an electron microscope. The measurement of the refractive index for determining the retardation can be carried out by peeling off the polarizing plate protective film, and in the case where an adhesive layer or a functional layer is present on the surface, measuring the refractive index of the base film after polishing or cutting off the protective film.
Further, these values may be average values measured at 5 points and 5 × 5=25 points in total, evenly from positions about 5cm away from both ends in both the longitudinal direction and the short direction.
The resin used in the polarizer protective films 1 and 4 is not particularly limited as long as birefringence is generated by orientation, and in terms of the retardation amount that can be increased, polyester, polycarbonate, polystyrene, and the like are each independently preferred, with polyester being particularly preferred. Preferable polyesters include polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), and the like, and among them, PET and PEN are preferable.
In the case of PET, the Intrinsic Viscosity (IV) of the resin constituting the film is preferably 0.5 to 1.5dL/g. The lower limit of the Intrinsic Viscosity (IV) is more preferably 0.55dL/g, still more preferably 0.58L/g, particularly preferably 0.6dL/g. The upper limit of the Intrinsic Viscosity (IV) is more preferably 1.2dL/g, still more preferably 1dL/g. When the content is 0.5dL/g or more, the mechanical strength such as impact resistance is excellent, and the film can be easily produced. When the concentration is 1.5dL/g or less, the production of the film is easy. The Intrinsic Viscosity (IV) was measured at a temperature of 30 ℃ in a mixed solvent of phenol/1, 2-tetrachloroethane (= 3/2; mass ratio).
The polarizing plate protection films 1 and 4 each independently desirably have a light transmittance of 20% or less at a wavelength of 380 nm. The light transmittance is more preferably 15% or less, still more preferably 10% or less, and particularly preferably 5% or less. When the light transmittance is 20% or less, the deterioration of the polarizing layer due to ultraviolet rays of iodine and dichroic dye can be suppressed. The light transmittance at a wavelength of 380nm is measured in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the film, and can be measured using a spectrophotometer (for example, hitachi U-3500 type).
In order to make the transmittance of the substrate film contained in the polarizer protective films 1 and 4 at a wavelength of 380nm 20% or less, it can be achieved as follows: adding an ultraviolet absorber to the base film; coating the coating liquid containing the ultraviolet absorber on the surface of the base material film; the type and concentration of the ultraviolet absorbent and the thickness of the substrate film are properly adjusted; and so on. Ultraviolet absorbers are well known substances. Examples of the ultraviolet absorber include an organic ultraviolet absorber and an inorganic ultraviolet absorber, but from the viewpoint of transparency, an organic ultraviolet absorber is preferable.
Examples of the organic ultraviolet absorber include benzotriazole-based, benzophenone-based, cyclic imino ester-based, and a combination thereof, but the organic ultraviolet absorber is not particularly limited as long as the light transmittance can be obtained.
Further, in order to improve the sliding property of the base film, it is also preferable to add particles having an average particle diameter of 0.05 to 2 μm. Examples of the particles include inorganic particles such as titanium oxide, barium sulfate, calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate, silica, alumina, talc, kaolin, clay, calcium phosphate, mica, hectorite, zirconium oxide, tungsten oxide, lithium fluoride, and calcium fluoride, and organic polymer-based particles such as styrene-based, acrylic-based, melamine-based, benzoguanamine-based, and silicone-based particles.
These particles may be added to the entire substrate film, or may be added only to the skin layer to form a skin-core coextruded multilayer structure.
The polarizer protective films 1 and 4 can be obtained according to a general film production method. The case where the polarizer protective films 1 and 4 are polyester films such as PET films will be described as an example. In the following description of the production method, the polarizer protective films 1 and 4 are sometimes referred to as polyester films. For example, the following methods can be mentioned as a method for producing a polyester film: a non-oriented polyester obtained by melting a polyester resin, extruding the polyester resin into a sheet, and molding the polyester resin is stretched at a temperature not lower than the glass transition temperature in the longitudinal and/or transverse directions, and then subjected to a heat treatment.
The polyester film may be uniaxially stretched or biaxially stretched, but if the biaxial property is increased, the thickness is necessary to secure a desired retardation, and therefore, the uniaxial stretching is preferable.
The main orientation axis of the polyester film may be the running direction of the film (longitudinal direction, MD direction) or the direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction (width direction, TD direction). In the case of MD stretching, roll stretching is preferable, and in the case of TD stretching, tenter stretching is preferable.
In the stretching, the polyester film is preheated, and is preferably stretched at 80 to 130 ℃ and more preferably at 90 to 120 ℃. The stretching ratio is preferably 3 to 7 times, more preferably 3.5 to 6.5 times, and further preferably 3.8 to 6.2 times.
In order to further improve the uniaxiality, it is also preferable to shrink in a direction perpendicular to the stretching direction during stretching. In the case of TD stretching by a tenter, the shrinkage can be performed by, for example, narrowing the tenter clip interval. The shrinkage treatment is preferably 1to 20%, more preferably 2 to 15%.
In the case of biaxial stretching, the above-mentioned stretching is preferably performed as a main stretching in a direction perpendicular to the main stretching by 1.1 to 2 times, preferably 1.2 to 1.8 times, before the main stretching.
Heat-setting is preferably carried out immediately after stretching. The heat-setting temperature is preferably 150 to 250 ℃ and more preferably 170 to 230 ℃. In the heat setting, it is also preferable to perform the relaxation treatment in the main stretching direction or the direction orthogonal thereto. The relaxation treatment is preferably 0.5 to 10%, more preferably 1to 5%.
And cooling the heat-set polyester film and coiling the cooled polyester film into a roll shape. It is preferable to perform additional micro-stretching in the main stretching direction in order to reduce the warping of the liquid crystal panel during the cooling process. The additional micro-stretching is preferably carried out at a polyester film temperature of 80 to 150 ℃, and the magnification is preferably 1to 5%, more preferably 1.5 to 3%.
The polarizer protective films 1 and 4 may be subjected to a treatment for improving adhesiveness such as corona treatment, flame treatment, plasma treatment, or the like.
In order to improve the adhesion to the polarizing plate (or polarizing film) itself or to the adhesive layer or alignment layer of the polarizing plate (or polarizing film), an easy-adhesion layer (easy-adhesion layer P1) may be provided on the polarizing plate protective films 1 and 4.
As the resin used for the easy-adhesion layer, a polyester resin, a polyurethane resin, a polycarbonate resin, an acrylic resin, or the like can be used, and a polyester resin, a polyester polyurethane resin, a polycarbonate polyurethane resin, and an acrylic resin are preferable. The resin used for the easy-adhesion layer is preferably crosslinked. Examples of the crosslinking agent include isocyanate compounds, melamine compounds, epoxy resins, oxazoline compounds, and the like. In addition, in order to improve adhesion to a polarizing plate, it is also useful to add a water-soluble resin such as polyvinyl alcohol.
The easy-adhesion layer can be provided by applying a water-based coating containing these resins and, if necessary, a crosslinking agent, particles, etc., to the polarizer protective films 1 and 4 and drying the coating. The particles are added to the base film.
The easy-adhesion layer may be provided in an off-line manner to the stretched film, but is preferably provided in an on-line manner in the film-forming step. In the case of the in-line arrangement, the coating may be applied before the longitudinal stretching and before the transverse stretching, and preferably before the transverse stretching (particularly, immediately before the transverse stretching), and the coating is preheated and heated by a tenter, and dried and crosslinked in the heat treatment step. In the case where the coating is performed on-line before the longitudinal stretching by the roll (particularly, immediately before the longitudinal stretching), it is preferable that the coating is dried in a vertical dryer after the coating and then introduced into the stretching roll.
The amount of the easy-adhesion layer (the amount after drying) is preferably 0.01 to 1.0g/m 2 More preferably 0.03 to 0.5g/m 2 。
It is also preferable that functional layers such as a hard coat layer, an antireflection layer, a low reflection layer, an antiglare layer, and an antistatic layer are provided independently on the sides of the polarizer protective films 1 and 4 opposite to the surfaces on which the polarizers (or polarizing films) are laminated. In particular, the polarizer protective film 1 is often the outermost surface on the viewing side (the vicinity of the viewing side surface) of the liquid crystal display device, and is preferably provided with any one of an antireflection layer, a low reflection layer, and an antiglare layer. The antireflection layer, the low reflection layer, the antiglare layer, and the like are collectively referred to as a reflection reducing layer. The reflection reducing layer also functions as follows: not only prevents the liquid crystal display screen from reflecting external light and becoming less visible, but also suppresses the reflection at the interface to reduce rainbow spots or make them less noticeable. In the polarizing plate protective films 1 and 4 provided with a functional layer, the film in a state before the functional layer is provided is referred to as a base film. The base film may contain the above-described easy-adhesion layer.
The upper limit of the reflectance of the polarizer protective film measured from the reflection-reducing layer side is preferably 5%, more preferably 4%, further preferably 3%, particularly preferably 2%, most preferably 1.5%. If the content is below the above range, the rainbow unevenness and the color reproducibility are not affected.
The lower limit of the reflectance is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.01%, and more preferably 0.1% from the practical viewpoint.
(Low reflection layer)
The low reflection layer is a layer having a function of reducing a reflectance by reducing a difference in refractive index with air by providing a low refractive index layer on a surface of the base film.
(anti-reflection layer)
The antireflection layer is as follows: the thickness of the low refractive index layer is controlled, and reflection light from an upper side interface of the low refractive index layer (for example, a low refractive index layer-air interface) and a lower side interface of the low refractive index layer (for example, a substrate film-low refractive index layer interface) is interfered to control reflection. In this case, the thickness of the low refractive index layer is preferably about (400 to 700 mn)/(refractive index of the low refractive index layer × 4) the wavelength of visible light.
It is also preferable to provide a high refractive index layer between the antireflection layer and the base film, and the antireflection effect can be further improved by providing 2 or more low refractive index layers and high refractive index layers and by multiple interference.
In the case of the antireflection layer, the upper limit of the reflectance is preferably 2%, more preferably 1.5%, still more preferably 1.2%, and particularly preferably 1%.
(Low refractive index layer)
The refractive index of the low refractive index layer is preferably 1.45 or less, more preferably 1.42 or less. The refractive index of the low refractive index layer is preferably 1.2 or more, more preferably 1.25 or more.
The refractive index of the low refractive index layer is a value measured under a condition of a wavelength of 589 nm.
The thickness of the low refractive index layer is not limited, and may be appropriately set in a range of about 30nm to 1 μm. In addition, the thickness of the low refractive index layer is preferably 70 to 120nm, more preferably 75 to 110nm, for the purpose of further reducing the reflectance by making the reflection of the surface of the low refractive index layer cancel out the reflection of the interface between the low refractive index layer and the layer (substrate film, hard coat layer, etc.) inside the low refractive index layer.
Preferred examples of the low refractive index layer include (1) a layer formed of a resin composition containing a binder resin and low refractive index particles, (2) a layer formed of a fluorine-based resin containing a low refractive index resin, (3) a layer formed of a fluorine-based resin composition containing silica or magnesium fluoride, and (4) a thin film of a low refractive index substance such as silica or magnesium fluoride.
As the binder resin contained in the resin composition of (1), polyester, polyurethane, polyamide, polycarbonate, acrylic, and the like can be used without particular limitation. Among these, acrylic acid is preferable, and those obtained by polymerizing (crosslinking) a photopolymerizable compound by light irradiation are preferable.
Examples of the photopolymerizable compound include photopolymerizable monomers, photopolymerizable oligomers, and photopolymerizable polymers, which can be used with appropriate adjustment. As the photopolymerizable compound, a combination of a photopolymerizable monomer and a photopolymerizable oligomer or a photopolymerizable polymer is preferable. The photopolymerizable monomer, photopolymerizable oligomer and photopolymerizable polymer are preferably polyfunctional.
Examples of the polyfunctional monomer include pentaerythritol triacrylate (PETA), dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate (DPHA), pentaerythritol tetraacrylate (PETTA), and dipentaerythritol pentaacrylate (DPPA). In order to adjust the coating viscosity and hardness, a monofunctional monomer may be used in combination.
Examples of the polyfunctional oligomer include polyester (meth) acrylate, urethane (meth) acrylate, polyester-urethane (meth) acrylate, polyether (meth) acrylate, polyol (meth) acrylate, melamine (meth) acrylate, isocyanurate (meth) acrylate, and epoxy (meth) acrylate.
Examples of the polyfunctional polymer include urethane (meth) acrylate, isocyanurate (meth) acrylate, polyester-urethane (meth) acrylate, epoxy (meth) acrylate, and the like.
(1) The resin composition of (4) may contain, in addition to the above components, a polymerization initiator, a catalyst for a crosslinking agent, a polymerization inhibitor, an antioxidant, an ultraviolet absorber, a leveling agent, a surfactant, and the like.
Examples of the low refractive index particles contained in the resin composition of (1) include silica particles (for example, hollow silica particles) and magnesium fluoride particles, and among them, hollow silica particles are preferable. Such hollow silica particles can be produced by a production method described in examples of Japanese patent application laid-open No. 2005-099778, for example.
The average particle diameter of the primary particles of the low refractive index particles is preferably 5 to 200nm, more preferably 5 to 100nm, and still more preferably 10 to 80nm.
The low refractive index particles are more preferably surface-treated with a silane coupling agent, and among them, preferably surface-treated with a silane coupling agent having a (meth) acryloyl group.
The content of the low refractive index particles in the low refractive index layer is preferably 10 to 250 parts by mass, more preferably 50 to 200 parts by mass, and further preferably 100 to 180 parts by mass, based on 100 parts by mass of the binder resin.
As the fluorine-based resin (2), a polymerizable compound containing at least a fluorine atom in the molecule or a polymer thereof can be used. The polymerizable compound is not particularly limited, and for example, a compound having a curing reactive group such as a photopolymerizable functional group or a thermosetting polar group is preferable. Further, the compound may have both of these plural curing reactive groups. The polymerizable compound does not have the curing reactive group or the like.
As the compound having a photopolymerizable functional group, for example, a fluorine-containing monomer having an ethylenically unsaturated bond can be widely used.
For the low refractive index layer, it is preferable to add a known polysiloxane-based or fluorine-based antifouling agent to improve the fingerprint resistance.
The surface of the low refractive index layer may be uneven in order to provide antiglare properties, but is preferably smooth.
When the surface of the low refractive index layer is a smooth surface, the arithmetic average roughness Ra (JIS B0601: 1994) of the surface of the low refractive index layer is preferably 20nm or less, more preferably 15nm or less, further preferably 10nm or less, particularly preferably 8nm or less, and usually 1nm or more. Further, the ten-point average roughness Rz (JIS B0601: 1994) of the surface of the low refractive index layer is preferably 160nm or less, more preferably 155nm or less, and usually 50nm or more.
The refractive index of the high refractive index layer is preferably 1.55 or more, more preferably 1.56 or more. The refractive index of the high refractive index layer is preferably 1.85 or less, more preferably 1.8 or less, still more preferably 1.75 or less, and still more preferably 1.7 or less.
The refractive index of the high refractive index layer is measured at a wavelength of 589 nm.
The thickness of the high refractive index layer is preferably 30 to 200nm, more preferably 50 to 180nm. The high refractive index layer may be a plurality of layers, but is preferably 2 layers or less, and more preferably a single layer. In the case of multiple layers, the total thickness of the multiple layers is preferably within the above range.
When the high refractive index layer is 2 layers, the refractive index of the high refractive index layer on the low refractive index layer side is preferably further increased, specifically, the refractive index of the high refractive index layer on the low refractive index layer side is preferably 1.6 to 1.85, and the refractive index of the other high refractive index layer is preferably 1.55 to 1.7.
The high refractive index layer is preferably formed of a resin composition containing high refractive index particles and a resin.
Among them, as the high refractive index particles, antimony pentoxide particles, zinc oxide particles, titanium oxide particles, cerium oxide particles, tin-doped indium oxide particles, antimony-doped tin oxide particles, yttrium oxide particles, zirconium oxide particles, and the like are preferable. Among them, titanium oxide particles and zirconium oxide particles are suitable.
The high refractive index particles may be used in combination of 2 or more. In order to prevent aggregation, it is also particularly preferable to add the 1 st high refractive index particles and the 2 nd high refractive index particles having a surface charge amount smaller than that of the 1 st high refractive index particles. In addition, from the viewpoint of dispersibility, it is also preferable that the high refractive index particles are surface-treated.
The preferred average particle diameter of the primary particles of the high refractive index particles is the same as that of the low refractive index particles.
The content of the high refractive index particles is preferably 30 to 400 parts by mass, more preferably 50 to 200 parts by mass, and further preferably 80 to 150 parts by mass, based on 100 parts by mass of the resin.
The resin used for the high refractive index layer is the same as the resin listed for the low refractive index layer, except for the fluorine-based resin.
In order to flatten the low refractive index layer provided on the high refractive index layer, the surface of the high refractive index layer is preferably flattened.
The high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer can be formed, for example, by applying a coating material containing the photopolymerizable compound to a base film, drying the coating material, and then irradiating the coating material in the form of a coating film with light such as ultraviolet light to polymerize (crosslink) the photopolymerizable compound.
In the coating material for forming the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer, a thermoplastic resin, a thermosetting resin, a solvent, and a polymerization initiator may be added as necessary. Further, a dispersant, a surfactant, an antistatic agent, a silane coupling agent, a thickener, an anti-coloring agent, a coloring agent (pigment, dye), an antifoaming agent, a leveling agent, a flame retardant, an ultraviolet absorber, a thickener, a polymerization inhibitor, an antioxidant, a surface modifier, an easy-to-slip agent, and the like may be added.
(anti-glare layer)
The antiglare layer is a layer having surface irregularities and is provided to diffuse reflection to prevent reflection of external light in the shape of the light source when the surface is reflected, or to reduce glare.
The arithmetic average roughness (Ra) of the surface irregularities of the antiglare layer is preferably 0.25 μm or less, more preferably 0.2 μm or less, further preferably 0.15 μm or less, further more preferably 0.12 μm or less, and usually 0.02 μm or more.
The ten-point average roughness (Rzjis) of the surface irregularities of the antiglare layer is preferably 0.15 μm or more, more preferably 0.2 μm or more, further preferably 0.25 μm or more, and further more preferably 0.3 μm or more. In addition, rzjis is preferably 2 μm or less, more preferably 1.5 μm or less, further preferably 1.2 μm or less, further more preferably 1 μm or less, particularly preferably 0.8 μm or less.
Ra and Rzjis were calculated from roughness curves measured by a contact type roughness meter in accordance with JIS B0601-1994 or JIS B0601-2001.
Examples of a method for providing an antiglare layer on a base film include the following methods.
Coating for anti-glare layer containing particles (filler) and the like
Curing the resin for the antiglare layer in a state of being in contact with a mold having an uneven structure
Applying the resin for an antiglare layer to a mold having an uneven structure and transferring the resin to a base film
Coating composition which undergoes spinodal decomposition during drying and film formation
The lower limit of the thickness of the antiglare layer is preferably 0.1 μm, more preferably 0.5 μm. The upper limit of the thickness of the antiglare layer is preferably 100 μm, more preferably 50 μm, and still more preferably 20 μm.
The refractive index of the antiglare layer is preferably 1.2 or more, more preferably 1.3 or more, and further preferably 1.4 or more. The refractive index of the antiglare layer is preferably 1.8 or less, more preferably 1.7 or less.
When the refractive index of the antiglare layer itself is lowered and a low reflection effect is required, the refractive index of the antiglare layer is preferably 1.2 to 1.45, more preferably 1.25 to 1.4.
When a low refractive index layer described later is provided on the antiglare layer, the refractive index of the antiglare layer is preferably 1.5 to 1.8, more preferably 1.55 to 1.7.
The refractive index of the antiglare layer is a value measured under the condition of a wavelength of 589 nm.
The low refractive index layer may be formed by providing unevenness thereon to form an antiglare low reflection layer, or may be formed by providing a low refractive index layer on the unevenness of the antiglare layer to provide antireflection function, and may be used as an antiglare antireflection layer.
(hard coating)
It is also preferable to provide a hard coat layer as an underlayer of the reflection reducing layer.
The hard coat layer is preferably H or more, more preferably 2H or more in pencil hardness. The hard coat layer can be formed, for example, from a resin composition containing a cured product of a thermosetting resin or a radiation-curable resin, and can be provided by applying a hard coat layer-forming coating material and curing the same.
Examples of the thermosetting resin include acrylic resins, urethane resins, phenol resins, urea melamine resins, epoxy resins, unsaturated polyester resins, silicone resins, and combinations thereof. In the coating material for forming a hard coat layer of a thermosetting resin, a curing agent, a catalyst, an additive contained in the coating material for forming the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer, and the like may be added to the thermosetting resin as needed.
The radiation curable resin is preferably a compound having a radiation curable functional group, and examples of the radiation curable functional group include an ethylenically unsaturated bond group such as a (meth) acryloyl group, a vinyl group, or an allyl group, an epoxy group, and an oxetanyl group. Among these, the ionizing radiation curable compound is preferably a compound having an ethylenically unsaturated bond group, more preferably a compound having 2 or more ethylenically unsaturated bond groups, and particularly preferably a polyfunctional (meth) acrylate-based compound having 2 or more ethylenically unsaturated bond groups. The polyfunctional (meth) acrylate compound may be a monomer, an oligomer, or a polymer.
Specific examples thereof include those listed as the above binder resins.
In order to achieve hardness as a hard coat layer, the content of the 2-or more-functional monomer in the compound having a radiation-curable functional group is preferably 50% by mass or more, and more preferably 70% by mass or more. Further, in the compound having a radiation curable functional group, the monomer having 3 or more functions is preferably 50% by mass or more, more preferably 70% by mass or more.
The compound having a radiation-curable functional group may be used alone in 1 kind, or in combination with 2 or more kinds. If necessary, a catalyst, additives contained in the coating material for forming the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer, and the like may be added to the coating material for forming the hard coat layer of the radiation curable resin.
The thickness of the hard coat layer is preferably in the range of 0.1 to 100. Mu.m, more preferably in the range of 0.5 to 50 μm, and still more preferably in the range of 0.8 to 20 μm.
The refractive index of the hard coat layer is preferably 1.45 or more, more preferably 1.5 or more. The refractive index of the hard coat layer is preferably 1.7 or less, more preferably 1.6 or less.
The refractive index of the hard coat layer is measured at a wavelength of 589 nm.
In order to adjust the refractive index of the hard coat layer, there may be mentioned: a method of adjusting the refractive index of the resin, and a method of adjusting the refractive index of the particles when the particles are added.
Examples of the particles include particles as an antiglare layer.
In the present invention, the hard coat layer is sometimes referred to as a reflection reducing layer.
When the functional layer is provided, an easy adhesion layer (easy adhesion layer P2) may be provided between the functional layer and the base film. The easy adhesion layer P2 is preferably made of a resin, a crosslinking agent, or the like as exemplified in the above easy adhesion layer P1. The easy adhesion layer P1 and the easy adhesion layer P2 may have the same composition or different compositions.
The easy adhesion layer P2 is also preferably provided in-line. The easy adhesion layer P1 and the easy adhesion layer P2 may be coated and dried in sequence, and it is also preferable to coat both sides simultaneously.
As the polarizing plate used in the polarizing plate, for example, there can be used without particular limitation: iodine or an organic dichroic dye is adsorbed to uniaxially stretched polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), a liquid crystal compound and an organic dichroic dye are aligned, or a liquid crystal polarizing plate and a wire grid system are formed with a liquid crystal dichroic dye.
A polarizing plate in a film form in which iodine or an organic dichroic dye is adsorbed to uniaxially stretched polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) can be laminated to a base film wound in a roll form using an adhesive or a pressure-sensitive adhesive such as a PVA-based adhesive or an ultraviolet-curable adhesive, and wound in a roll form. The thickness of this type of polarizing plate is preferably 5 to 50 μm, more preferably 10 to 30 μm, and particularly preferably 12 to 25 μm. The thickness of the adhesive or bonding agent is preferably 1to 10 μm, and more preferably 2 to 5 μm.
Further, a polarizing plate is preferably used which is obtained by coating PVA on an unstretched release film (base material) such as a PET film or a polypropylene film, uniaxially stretching the PVA together with the release film, and adsorbing iodine or an organic dichroic dye. In the case of this polarizing plate, the substrate film can be bonded to the polarizing plate by bonding the polarizing plate surface (the surface on which the release film is not laminated) of the polarizing plate laminated on the release film to the substrate film using an adhesive or a pressure-sensitive adhesive, and then peeling the release film used in the production of the polarizing plate. In this case, it is also preferable to laminate the films in a roll shape and wind them up. The thickness of this type of polarizing plate is preferably 1to 10 μm, more preferably 2 to 8 μm, and particularly preferably 3 to 6 μm. The thickness of the adhesive or bonding agent is preferably 1to 10 μm, and more preferably 2 to 5 μm.
In the case of a liquid crystal polarizing plate, a polarizing plate can be formed by laminating a polarizing plate in which a liquid crystal compound and an organic dichroic dye are aligned on a base film, or by laminating a polarizing plate in which a coating liquid containing a liquid crystal dichroic dye is applied on a base film, followed by drying and light or heat curing. Examples of a method for aligning a liquid crystalline polarizing plate include: a method of brushing the surface of an object to be coated; and a method of curing while irradiating the liquid crystal polarizing plate with polarized ultraviolet rays to align the liquid crystal polarizing plate. The surface of the base film may be directly subjected to brushing treatment to apply the coating liquid, or the base film may be directly coated with the coating liquid and irradiated with polarized ultraviolet rays. In addition, it is also a preferable method to provide an alignment layer on the base film before providing the liquid-crystalline polarizing plate (that is, to laminate the liquid-crystalline polarizing plate on the base film with the alignment layer interposed therebetween). As a method for providing an alignment layer, the following methods can be mentioned:
a method of coating polyvinyl alcohol and derivatives thereof, polyimide and derivatives thereof, acrylic resins, polysiloxane derivatives, and the like, and subjecting the surface thereof to a brushing treatment to form an alignment layer (brushed alignment layer);
a method of forming an alignment layer (photo-alignment layer) by applying a coating solution containing a polymer or monomer having a photoreactive group such as cinnamoyl group and chalcone group and a solvent, irradiating polarized ultraviolet rays, and performing alignment curing; and the like.
The substrate film and the polarizing plate may be bonded to each other by providing a liquid crystal polarizing plate on a release film, bonding the liquid crystal polarizing plate to the substrate film with an adhesive or a pressure-sensitive adhesive, and then peeling the release film.
The thickness of the liquid crystal polarizing plate is preferably 0.1 to 7 μm, more preferably 0.3 to 5 μm, and particularly preferably 0.5 to 3 μm. The thickness of the adhesive or bonding agent is preferably 1to 10 μm, and more preferably 2 to 5 μm.
The angle formed by the absorption axis of the polarizer and the slow axis of the polarizer protective film 1 or 4 is not particularly limited, but is preferably parallel or orthogonal. "parallel or orthogonal" means that a deviation from 0 degree or 90 degrees is allowed, preferably ± 10 degrees, more preferably ± 7 degrees, and particularly preferably ± 5 degrees. By forming the parallel or orthogonal portions, the laminate can be easily rolled up without being rolled. In particular, in the case of a polarizing plate in which iodine or an organic dichroic dye is adsorbed to uniaxially stretched polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), stretching is generally performed in the MD direction, and in many cases, the polarizing plate protective films 1 and 4 are stretched in the TD direction. Therefore, when both are bonded in a roll form, the absorption axis of the polarizer and the slow axis of the polarizer protective film are often orthogonal to each other.
The liquid crystal cell side surface of the polarizing plate may be directly bonded to the liquid crystal cell with an adhesive or a pressure-sensitive adhesive, or a cured layer may be provided on the liquid crystal cell side surface of the polarizing plate, or the polarizing plate protective film 2 or 3 may be provided. The cured layer may be the hard coat layer.
The polarizer protective films 2 and 3 may be each independently a cellulose-based (TAC) film, an acrylic film, a polycycloolefin (COP) film, or the like. At least one of the polarizer protective films 2 and 3 may be a retardation film having substantially zero retardation, or may be a retardation film (optical compensation film) for controlling a change in color tone when a display screen is viewed from an oblique direction.
Examples of the retardation required for the optical compensation film include: stretching the film; or a retardation layer formed by coating a liquid crystal compound or the like on the film; and a method of separately providing a retardation layer of a liquid crystal compound or the like on the release film and transferring the retardation layer. As the liquid crystal compound for forming the retardation layer, a rod-like liquid crystal compound, a discotic liquid crystal compound, or the like can be used in accordance with the desired retardation characteristics. In order to fix the alignment state, the liquid crystal compound preferably has a photo-curable reactive group such as a double bond. In order to align the liquid crystal compound to have a retardation, an alignment layer may be provided as a lower layer of the retardation layer, and the alignment layer may be brushed or irradiated with polarized ultraviolet rays to provide alignment controllability such that the liquid crystal compound applied to the alignment layer is aligned in a specific direction.
The retardation of the optical compensation film can be set as appropriate depending on the type of liquid crystal cell used, the degree of the angle of view to be secured, and the like.
The retardation layer may be provided by applying a composition coating for retardation layer. The composition coating for retardation layer may contain a solvent, a polymerization initiator, a sensitizer, a polymerization inhibitor, a leveling agent, a polymerizable non-liquid crystal compound, a crosslinking agent, and the like. As these, the alignment layer and the liquid crystal polarizing plate described in the section of the liquid crystal polarizing plate can be used.
The retardation layer can be provided by applying the composition coating for a retardation layer on the release surface of the release film or on the alignment layer (alignment control layer), followed by drying, heating and curing.
These conditions may be the conditions described in the section of the alignment layer and the liquid crystal polarizing plate as preferable conditions.
When the polarizing plate is bonded to the polarizing plate protective film, an adhesive or a bonding agent may be used. The adhesive is preferably an aqueous adhesive such as a polyvinyl alcohol adhesive or a photocurable adhesive. The adhesive is preferably an acrylic adhesive.
The liquid crystal cell is preferably formed by sealing a liquid crystal compound between thin substrates such as glass on which circuits are formed. When the substrate is glass, the thickness is preferably 0.7mm or less, more preferably 0.5mm or less, and still more preferably 0.4mm or less, from the viewpoint of thinning.
The mode of the liquid crystal cell is not particularly limited, and in the VA mode and the IPS mode, the VA mode and the IPS mode are preferable modes according to the present invention, in which the light absorption axis of the polarizing plate on the viewing side is parallel to or perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the liquid crystal cell.
The liquid crystal panel can be formed by attaching polarizing plates to the visible side and the light source side of the liquid crystal cell, respectively. The bonding is preferably performed with an acrylic adhesive.
As the backlight light source of the liquid crystal display device, RGB 3-color light emitting LEDs, a combination of a blue light emitting LED and a yellow phosphor, a combination of a blue light emitting LED and a green phosphor/a red phosphor, a combination of an ultraviolet light emitting LED and a blue phosphor/a green phosphor/a red phosphor, an organic EL light emitting body, and the like can be used without limitation. In particular using blue LED light sourcesLight source generally called QD light source for wavelength conversion to green and red using quantum dot particles, light source using K 2 SiF 6 ：Mn 4+ The fluoride phosphor is a light source which is generally called KSF light source as a light source and has a wide color reproduction range, and is preferably used.
The backlight light source is preferably used as a light source unit in which a reflection plate, a light guide plate, a diffusion plate, a lens sheet, and a prism sheet are laminated as necessary in a liquid crystal display device. In addition, a reflective polarizing plate, which is a brightness improving film, may be provided on the visible side of the light source unit.
Examples
The present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples below, but the present invention is not limited to the examples below, and can be carried out with appropriate modifications within a range that can meet the gist of the present invention, and all of them are included in the scope of the present invention.
The evaluation methods of the physical properties in the examples are as follows.
(1) Refractive index of polyester film
The slow axis direction of the film was determined using a molecular orientation meter (MOA-6004 type molecular orientation meter manufactured by Oji Scientific Instruments co., ltd.) and cut into a 4cm × 2cm rectangular shape so that the slow axis direction and the long side were parallel to each other, to obtain a measurement sample. For this sample, the refractive index (ny in the slow axis direction, the refractive index in the fast axis direction (the refractive index in the direction orthogonal to the slow axis direction), and the refractive index in the thickness direction (nx) of the orthogonal biaxial directions were obtained by an Abbe refractometer (manufactured by Atago, inc., NAR-4T, measurement wavelength 589 nm).
(2) Retardation in plane (Re)
The in-plane retardation is a parameter defined by the product (Δ Nxy × d) of the refractive index anisotropy (Δ Nxy = | nx-ny |) of the orthogonal biaxial refractive indices on the film and the film thickness d (nm), and is a measure representing optical isotropy and anisotropy. The biaxial refractive index anisotropy (. DELTA.Nxy) was obtained by the method (1) described above, and the absolute value of the biaxial refractive index difference (. DELTA.nx-ny. DELTA.) was calculated as the refractive index anisotropy (. DELTA.Nxy). The thickness D (nm) of the film was measured with an electrometer (Fine Reef Co., ltd., mictron 1245D) and the unit was converted to nm. The retardation (Re) is determined from the product (Δ Nxy × d) of the anisotropy of the refractive index (Δ Nxy) and the thickness d (nm) of the thin film.
(3) Retardation in thickness direction (Rth)
The retardation in the thickness direction is a parameter representing the average of the 2 birefringence Δ Nxz (= | nx-nz |) and Δ Nyz (= | ny-nz |) obtained by multiplying the respective retardation values by the film thickness d when viewed from a cross section in the film thickness direction. In the same manner as the measurement of retardation, nx, ny, nz and the film thickness d (nm) were obtained, and the average value of (Δ Nxz × d) and (Δ Nyz × d) was calculated to obtain the retardation (Rth) in the thickness direction.
(4) Coefficient of NZ
Nx, ny, and Nz were obtained in the same manner as in the measurement of the retardation amount, and the Nz coefficient was obtained by substituting nx, ny, and Nz into the expression of | ny-Nz |/| ny-nx |.
The measurement of the refractive index and the measurement of the thickness were similarly performed at 2 points inside about 5cm from both ends in the TD direction and at 3 points equally spaced therebetween, and further at 5 points every about 20cm in the MD direction with respect to each polarizing plate protective film cut for lamination with the polarizing plate after the film was produced, and the average was obtained at 25 points in total (5 × 5= 25). The table shows values obtained by rounding up the 1 st digit below the decimal point 1.
(5) Warping of the panel
Polarizing plates were bonded to both surfaces of a glass plate having a thickness of 0.5mm and corresponding to 43 inches as a cross prism in the same manner as in the examples and comparative examples to obtain a simulation cell. An optical adhesive sheet without a substrate was used for bonding.
The fabricated simulation cell was subjected to a heat treatment for 240 hours in a gill-aging oven set at 70 ℃ and 5% rh, and then cooled for 30 minutes in an environment set at room temperature of 25 ℃ and 50% rh, and then placed on a horizontal surface with the convex side down, and the height of 4 corners was measured with a measuring tape, and the maximum value was defined as the amount of warpage. The warpage amount was evaluated as follows. It should be noted that the analog unit is as follows: the 4-angle prism was used to support the prism, and the heat treatment and cooling treatment were performed in a state where the prism top plate was left standing so as to be horizontal (i.e., in a state where the dummy cell was lifted except for the 4-angle prism).
Good: 0mm or more and less than 2mm
And (delta): 2mm or more and less than 4mm
X: over 4mm
(6) Allowable angle of rainbow spot
The backlight unit and the liquid crystal panel were taken out from a commercial television (REGZA 43J10X manufactured by toshiba corporation), and the polarizing plate of the liquid crystal panel was peeled off. The polarizing plates were prepared by using polarizing plate protective films a to K on the liquid crystal panel surface from which the polarizing plates were peeled, and the polarizing plates were disposed so that the polarizing plate protective films a to K sandwiched the polarizing plates and the liquid crystal cell was opposed to each other, and the absorption axis direction of the polarizing plates was in the same direction as that of the original polarizing plates, and then the backlight unit was mounted as a display for evaluation. The space between the liquid crystal cell and the polarizing plate is filled with ion exchange water, so that reflection is not easily caused. The evaluation display was placed horizontally on a desk and displayed in white on the entire surface, and the state of rainbow unevenness in the center of the display was observed while moving in the azimuth direction determined from the normal direction. The angle (polar angle) between a straight line connecting the center of the display where the viewer feels the start of observing the rainbow spots and the center of the eyes of the viewer and the normal direction of the display is measured. The same operation was performed by a 5-person observer, and the average value was taken as the allowable angle of iridescence.
(6-1) allowable Angle (degree) of rainbow unevenness of light source side
Only the light source side polarizing plate was exchanged, and the azimuth angle was changed to a direction of 30 degrees from the transmission axis direction of the polarizer used in the light source side polarizing plate (main orientation axis direction of the polarizer protective film).
(6-2) allowable Angle (degree) of iridescent Spot on visible side
Only the visible-side polarizing plate was exchanged, and the azimuth angle was 30 degrees from the transmission axis direction of the polarizing plate used in the visible-side polarizing plate (the main alignment axis direction of the polarizing plate protective film).
(6-3) permissible Angle (degree) of iridescent unevenness of display by exchanging polarizing plates on both sides
The polarizing plates on both sides were exchanged, and the azimuth angle was 30 degrees, 45 degrees, or 60 degrees with respect to the transmission axis direction of the polarizer used in the visible-side polarizing plate (the main orientation axis direction of the polarizer protective film), and the acceptance angle at the azimuth angle at which the acceptance angle was the narrowest was used.
Polyester A (PET (A))
Polyethylene terephthalate with intrinsic viscosity of 0.62dl/g
Polyester B (PET (B))
A melt mixture of 10 parts by mass of an ultraviolet absorber (2, 2' - (1, 4-phenylene) bis (4H-3, 1-benzoxazin-4-one) and 90 parts by mass of PET (a).
(preparation of coating liquid for adhesiveness modification)
The ester exchange reaction and the polycondensation reaction were carried out by a conventional method to prepare a water-dispersible sulfonic acid metal salt-containing copolyester resin having a composition of 46 mol% of terephthalic acid, 46 mol% of isophthalic acid, and 8 mol% of sodium isophthalate-5-sulfonate as dicarboxylic acid components (with respect to the whole of the dicarboxylic acid components), 50 mol% of ethylene glycol and 50 mol% of neopentyl glycol as diol components (with respect to the whole of the diol components). Then, 51.4 parts by mass of water, 38 parts by mass of isopropyl alcohol, 5 parts by mass of n-butyl cellosolve, and 0.06 part by mass of a nonionic surfactant were mixed, and then heated and stirred to 77 ℃. Further, after dispersing 3 parts by mass of aggregate silica particles (SYLYSIA 310, manufactured by Fuji Silysia Chemical, ltd.) in 50 parts by mass of water, 0.54 part by mass of an aqueous dispersion of SYLYSIA 310 was added to 99.46 parts by mass of the water-dispersible copolyester resin solution, and 20 parts by mass of water was added with stirring to obtain a tackiness-modified coating liquid.
(polarizing plate)
The polyvinyl alcohol film in a roll form having a thickness of 80 μm obtained by continuous dyeing in an aqueous iodine solution was stretched 5 times in the transport direction and dried to obtain a long polarizing plate.
(polarizer protective film A)
90 parts by mass of a PET (A) resin pellet containing no particles as a raw material for an intermediate layer of a base film and 10 parts by mass of a PET (B) resin pellet containing an ultraviolet absorber were dried under reduced pressure (1 Torr) at 135 ℃ for 6 hours, and then supplied to an extruder 2 (for an intermediate layer II), and further, the PET (A) was dried by a conventional method, supplied to the extruder 1 (for an outer layer I and an outer layer III), respectively, and dissolved at 285 ℃. The 2 kinds of polymers were each filtered with a filter medium of a stainless steel sintered body (nominal filtration accuracy 10 μm particle 95% cutoff), laminated in 2 kinds of 3-layer flow blocks, formed into a sheet shape from a nozzle and extruded, and then wound on a casting drum having a surface temperature of 30 ℃ by an electrostatic casting method and cooled to solidify, thereby producing an unstretched film. In this case, the ratio of the thicknesses of the layer I, the layer II and the layer III is 10:80: the discharge amount of each extruder was adjusted in the manner of 10.
Then, the above-mentioned adhesiveness-modifying coating liquid was applied to both surfaces of the unstretched PET film so that the coating weight after drying became 0.08g/m 2 Thereafter, the mixture was dried at 80 ℃ for 20 seconds.
The unstretched film on which the coating layer was formed was introduced into a tenter stretcher, and while the ends of the film were held by clips, the film was introduced into a tenter at 100 ℃ and stretched 4-fold in the width direction. Then, the film was subjected to a heat-setting treatment at 190 ℃ for 10 seconds while maintaining the width of the film in the width direction, and further subjected to a relaxation treatment of 2% in the width direction to obtain a uniaxially stretched PET film having a film thickness of 80 μm.
(polarizing plate protective film B)
A polarizing plate protective film B was obtained in the same manner as the polarizing plate protective film a except that the thickness was changed.
(polarizer protective film C)
A polarizing plate protection film C was obtained in the same manner as the polarizing plate protection film a except that the stretching ratio was 5 times and the temperature of the tenter was 120 ℃.
(polarizer protective films D, E, F)
Polarizing plate protection films D, E, and F were obtained in the same manner as the polarizing plate protection film a except that the stretching ratio was 5 times and the temperature of the tenter was 110 ℃.
(polarizer protective films G, H, I, J)
Polarizing plate protective films G, H, I, and J were obtained in the same manner as the polarizing plate protective film a except that the stretching ratio was 5.6 times and the temperature of the tenter was 110 ℃.
The properties of each polarizer protective film are shown in table 1.
[ Table 1]
(production of polarizing plate)
The polarizer protective film prepared above was bonded to one surface of a polarizer, and a triacetyl cellulose film (thickness 40 μm) was bonded to the opposite surface in a roll-to-roll manner. An ultraviolet-curable adhesive is used for bonding. The polarizing plate is cut into a desired size before being attached to the liquid crystal panel.
Examples 1to 9 and comparative examples 1to 3
As shown in the combinations in table 2, the panels were produced and the allowable angle of the rainbow spots was measured. In addition, warpage of the panel was observed in the same combination. The results are shown in Table 2.
[ Table 2]
The warpage of the panels of examples 1to 9 was within the allowable range, and the allowable angles of the rainbow unevenness were equal to those in the case of using the panels alone on the light source side and the visible side, and a thinner panel was realized.
On the other hand, in comparative example 1, the polarizing plates using the same polarizer protective film were used for both the light source side and the visible side, and the allowable angle of the iris of the light source side polarizing plate was 54 degrees, but the allowable angle of the iris of the visible side polarizing plate was 59 degrees, and the thickness of the polarizer protective film on the visible side became excessive, and it was found that the thickness could be further reduced, but the thickness was not reduced.
In comparative example 2, it was found that the thickness and retardation of the polarizer protective film of the light source side polarizing plate were excessive.
In comparative example 3, since the polarizer protective film of the light source side polarizing plate was excessively thinned, the visible side could not completely resist the shrinkage of the polarizer of the polarizing plate, and the warpage of the panel became noticeable. In addition, the thickness of the polarizer protective film of the visible-side polarizing plate is also excessive.
Industrial applicability
According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a thinner liquid crystal display device which prevents occurrence of rainbow unevenness and warping of a liquid crystal panel, for example.
Claims (6)
1. A liquid crystal display device is provided with: the liquid crystal display device includes a backlight source, a light source side polarizing plate, a liquid crystal cell, and a visible side polarizing plate, the light source side polarizing plate and the visible side polarizing plate each having at least 1 sheet of a polarizer protective film and a polarizer, the polarizer protective film being the polarizer protective film of the visible side polarizing plate and positioned on the side of the polarizer opposite to the liquid crystal cell being the polarizer protective film 1, the polarizer protective film being the polarizer protective film of the visible side polarizing plate and positioned on the side of the polarizer opposite to the liquid crystal cell being the polarizer protective film 4, in which case the in-plane retardation of the polarizer protective film 4 is 5000 to 10000nm, and the ratio of the in-plane retardation of the polarizer protective film 1to the in-plane retardation of the polarizer protective film 4 is 0.55 to 0.97.
2. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein the in-plane retardation of the polarizer protective film 1 is 4500 to 9500nm.
3. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a ratio of an in-plane retardation of the polarizer protective film 1/an in-plane retardation of the polarizer protective film 4 is 0.55 to 0.95.
4. The liquid crystal display device according to any one of claims 1to 3, wherein the thickness of the polarizer protective film 4 is 50 to 95 μm, and the ratio of the thickness of the polarizer protective film 1/the thickness of the polarizer protective film 4 is 0.5 to 0.97.
5. The liquid crystal display device according to any one of claims 1to 4, wherein the thickness of the polarizer protective film 1 is 40 to 80 μm.
6. The liquid crystal display device according to any one of claims 1to 5, wherein a ratio of the thickness of the polarizer protective film 1/the thickness of the polarizer protective film 4 is 0.5 to 0.95.
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| JP2020-117094 | 2020-07-07 | ||
| JP2020117094 | 2020-07-07 | ||
| PCT/JP2021/024458 WO2022009725A1 (en) | 2020-07-07 | 2021-06-29 | Liquid crystal display device |
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| CN105143967A (en) * | 2013-04-19 | 2015-12-09 | 东洋纺株式会社 | Liquid-crystal display, polarizing plate, and polarizer-protecting film |
| JP2017009733A (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2017-01-12 | 東洋紡株式会社 | Polarizing plate and liquid crystal display |
| JP2019008026A (en) * | 2017-06-21 | 2019-01-17 | 東洋紡株式会社 | Liquid crystal display device |
| JP2019045633A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2019-03-22 | 東洋紡株式会社 | Manufacturing method of liquid crystal panel, polarizer, and liquid crystal display device |
| CN111164499A (en) * | 2017-08-10 | 2020-05-15 | 三星Sdi株式会社 | Liquid crystal display device having a plurality of pixel electrodes |
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| JP4888853B2 (en) * | 2009-11-12 | 2012-02-29 | 学校法人慶應義塾 | Method for improving visibility of liquid crystal display device, and liquid crystal display device using the same |
| KR101831650B1 (en) * | 2011-05-30 | 2018-02-23 | 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 | Liquid Crystal Display |
| WO2013137058A1 (en) * | 2012-03-12 | 2013-09-19 | コニカミノルタ株式会社 | Λ/4 phase-shifted film and organic electroluminescent image display device |
| JPWO2017170211A1 (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2019-02-07 | 東洋紡株式会社 | Liquid crystal display |
| CN111051937B (en) | 2017-09-15 | 2022-08-26 | 东洋纺株式会社 | Polarizer protective film, polarizing plate and liquid crystal display device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105143967A (en) * | 2013-04-19 | 2015-12-09 | 东洋纺株式会社 | Liquid-crystal display, polarizing plate, and polarizer-protecting film |
| JP2017009733A (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2017-01-12 | 東洋紡株式会社 | Polarizing plate and liquid crystal display |
| JP2019008026A (en) * | 2017-06-21 | 2019-01-17 | 東洋紡株式会社 | Liquid crystal display device |
| CN111164499A (en) * | 2017-08-10 | 2020-05-15 | 三星Sdi株式会社 | Liquid crystal display device having a plurality of pixel electrodes |
| JP2019045633A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2019-03-22 | 東洋紡株式会社 | Manufacturing method of liquid crystal panel, polarizer, and liquid crystal display device |
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