CN115425664A - Power distribution network electric quantity balancing method considering energy storage configuration and demand side management - Google Patents
Power distribution network electric quantity balancing method considering energy storage configuration and demand side management Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks for adjusting voltage in AC networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
- H02J3/14—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks for adjusting voltage in AC networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by switching loads on to, or off from, network, e.g. progressively balanced loading
- H02J3/144—Demand-response operation of the power transmission or distribution network
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J2203/20—Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
- H02J2300/24—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/28—The renewable source being wind energy
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及的技术领域是配电网技术领域,尤其涉及一种考虑储能配置以及需求侧管理的配电网电力电量平衡方法。The technical field that the present invention relates to is the technical field of distribution network, and in particular relates to a distribution network electric power balance method considering energy storage configuration and demand side management.
背景技术Background technique
以风电、光伏为代表的新能源高比例接入配电网,可能会导致配电网面临弃风弃光、电压越限、潮流倒送、供电不可靠等问题,因此有必要对配电网进行电力电量平衡分析,以指导新能源的有序接入、充分消纳的同时,降低变电站的投资成本。The high proportion of new energy represented by wind power and photovoltaics connected to the distribution network may cause the distribution network to face problems such as abandoning wind and solar energy, voltage exceeding the limit, reverse flow, and unreliable power supply. Carry out power balance analysis to guide the orderly access and full consumption of new energy while reducing the investment cost of substations.
进行配电网电力电量平衡分析,需要考虑以下问题:To conduct power balance analysis of distribution network, the following issues need to be considered:
(1)风电、光伏和负荷存在不确定性;(1) There are uncertainties in wind power, photovoltaic and load;
(2)需要充分考虑储能配置需求侧管理,从而得到更加合理的新能源最大准入容量。(2) It is necessary to fully consider the demand side management of energy storage configuration, so as to obtain a more reasonable maximum admission capacity of new energy.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本部分的目的在于概述本发明的实施例的一些方面以及简要介绍一些较佳实施例。在本部分以及本申请的说明书摘要和发明名称中可能会做些简化或省略以避免使本部分、说明书摘要和发明名称的目的模糊,而这种简化或省略不能用于限制本发明的范围。The purpose of this section is to outline some aspects of embodiments of the invention and briefly describe some preferred embodiments. Some simplifications or omissions may be made in this section, as well as in the abstract and titles of this application, to avoid obscuring the purpose of this section, the abstract and titles, and such simplifications or omissions should not be used to limit the scope of the invention.
鉴于上述存在的问题,提出了本发明。In view of the above problems, the present invention has been proposed.
因此,本发明解决的技术问题是:减少变电站的投资成本,满足以风电和光伏为代表的新能源充分消纳的需求,提高能源利用率,适应新型配电网的发展。Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to reduce the investment cost of the substation, meet the demand for full consumption of new energy represented by wind power and photovoltaic, improve energy utilization rate, and adapt to the development of new distribution network.
为解决上述技术问题,本发明提供如下技术方案:一种考虑储能配置以及需求侧管理的配电网电力电量平衡方法,包括:In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for power balance of distribution network considering energy storage configuration and demand-side management, including:
获取配电网基础数据信息;Obtain basic data information of distribution network;
设置目标函数、约束条件,构建考虑储能配置以及需求侧管理的配电网电力电量平衡模型;Set the objective function and constraint conditions, and build a distribution network power balance model considering energy storage configuration and demand side management;
采用分支定界算法进行模型的求解,得到配电网的变电站最小安装容量。The branch-and-bound algorithm is used to solve the model, and the minimum installed capacity of the substation in the distribution network is obtained.
作为考虑储能配置以及需求侧管理的配电网电力电量平衡方法的一种优选方案,其中:构建所述配电网电力电量平衡模型的过程中需要考虑储能配置以及需求侧管理,将相关措施以约束的形式嵌入模型中。As an optimal scheme of the distribution network power balance method considering energy storage configuration and demand side management, in which: the energy storage configuration and demand side management need to be considered in the process of constructing the distribution network power balance model, and the relevant Measures are embedded in the model in the form of constraints.
作为考虑储能配置以及需求侧管理的配电网电力电量平衡方法的一种优选方案,其中:所述目标函数包括:以变电站安装容量最小为目标,表示如下:As an optimal scheme of the distribution network power balance method considering energy storage configuration and demand side management, wherein: the objective function includes: the minimum installed capacity of the substation is the goal, expressed as follows:
其中,Nsub,i为安装变电站的节点数;为第i个节点新增配置的变电容量。Among them, N sub,i is the number of nodes where the substation is installed; Add the configured variable capacity for the i-th node.
作为考虑储能配置以及需求侧管理的配电网电力电量平衡方法的一种优选方案,其中:所述约束条件包括:电力电量平衡、储能运行约束、需求侧管理和分布式新能源运行约束。As an optimal scheme of the distribution network power balance method considering energy storage configuration and demand side management, wherein: the constraints include: power balance, energy storage operation constraints, demand side management and distributed new energy operation constraints .
作为考虑储能配置以及需求侧管理的配电网电力电量平衡方法的一种优选方案,其中:包括:所述配电网的电力电量平衡约束如下所示:As an optimal scheme of the distribution network power balance method considering energy storage configuration and demand side management, it includes: the power balance constraints of the distribution network are as follows:
其中,和分别为t时刻节点i的变电站有功出力、光伏有功出力、风机有功出力;为t时刻节点i的负荷有功需求;为t时刻节点i的变电站无功出力。in, with Respectively, the substation active output, photovoltaic active output, and fan active output of node i at time t; is the load active demand of node i at time t; It is the reactive power output of the substation of node i at time t.
作为考虑储能配置以及需求侧管理的配电网电力电量平衡方法的一种优选方案,其中:所述储能运行约束包括:接入配电网节点i的储能的运行需要满足以下约束:As an optimal scheme of the distribution network power balance method considering energy storage configuration and demand side management, wherein: the energy storage operation constraints include: the operation of the energy storage connected to the distribution network node i needs to meet the following constraints:
其中,和分别为储能充放电功率;0-1变量γi,t表征储能充放电状态,1为放电,0为充电;Pi BES为单个储能模块的额定功率;为储能电量;和分别为储能充、放电效率;Δt为相邻调度时刻之间的时长;Si,max和Si,min分别为储能荷电状态上、下限;和分别为调度初始时刻与末尾时刻的电量。in, with are energy storage charging and discharging power; 0-1 variable γ i,t represents the energy storage charging and discharging state, 1 is discharging, 0 is charging; P i BES is the rated power of a single energy storage module; for energy storage; with are the charging and discharging efficiencies of the energy storage, respectively; Δt is the time between adjacent scheduling times; S i,max and S i,min are the upper and lower limits of the state of charge of the energy storage, respectively; with are the power at the initial time and the end time of the scheduling, respectively.
作为考虑储能配置以及需求侧管理的配电网电力电量平衡方法的一种优选方案,其中:所述需求侧管理措施包括负荷削减与负荷平移;所述负荷由基本负荷、可削减负荷与可平移负荷构成;节点i处t时刻的负荷模型为:As an optimal scheme of the distribution network power balance method considering energy storage configuration and demand side management, wherein: the demand side management measures include load reduction and load shifting; the load is composed of base load, curtailable load and Translational load composition; the load model at node i at time t is:
其中,分别为节点i在t时刻的总负荷、基本负荷、可削减负荷、已削减负荷和可平移负荷有功功率; 分别为节点i在t时刻的总负荷、基本负荷、可削减负荷、已削减负荷和可平移负荷无功功率。in, are the total load, base load, curtailable load, curtailed load, and shiftable load active power of node i at time t; Respectively, the total load, base load, curtailable load, curtailed load and shiftable reactive power of node i at time t.
作为考虑储能配置以及需求侧管理的配电网电力电量平衡方法的一种优选方案,其中:所述负荷削减数学模型如下所示:As an optimal scheme of the distribution network electric power balance method considering energy storage configuration and demand side management, wherein: the load reduction mathematical model is as follows:
其中,和分别为负荷有功功率削减量的下限和上限;和分别为负荷无功功率削减量的下限和上限。in, with are the lower limit and upper limit of load active power reduction; with are the lower limit and upper limit of load reactive power reduction, respectively.
作为考虑储能配置以及需求侧管理的配电网电力电量平衡方法的一种优选方案,其中:所述负荷平移包括:As an optimal scheme of the distribution network electric power balance method considering energy storage configuration and demand side management, wherein: the load shifting includes:
在可平移负荷建模中,对于接在节点i上的可平移负荷,使用tD表示其工作持续的时段个数,和分别表示负荷平移时段区间上下限,则负荷平移起始时段区间为:In the modeling of translatable load, for the translatable load connected to node i, use t D to represent the number of time periods during which its work lasts, with represent the upper and lower limits of the load shifting time interval respectively, then the load shifting start time interval is:
设为标志位行向量,其中有且仅有一个元素为1,其余元素为0;定义负荷状态矩阵如下:Assume is a row vector of flag bits, in which there is only one element that is 1, and the rest are 0; the load state matrix is defined as follows:
其中,分别为节点i在j时段的可平移有功、无功负荷大小;在平移时段内,可平移负荷有功与无功功率可分别用矩阵Pi fl和表示:in, are the shiftable active and reactive loads of node i in the period j; during the shifting period, the active and reactive power of the shiftable load can be calculated by the matrices P i fl and express:
其中,Pi fl、分别为节点i的可平移有功、无功负荷大小;Among them, P i fl , Respectively, the translational active and reactive loads of node i;
则可平移负荷的有功与无功功率为:Then the active and reactive power of the load that can be translated is:
其中,分别为节点i在t时段的可平移有功、无功负荷大小。in, are the shiftable active and reactive loads of node i in period t, respectively.
作为考虑储能配置以及需求侧管理的配电网电力电量平衡方法的一种优选方案,其中:所述分布式新能源运行约束包括:As an optimal scheme of the distribution network power balance method considering energy storage configuration and demand side management, wherein: the distributed new energy operation constraints include:
其中,分别为PVG和WTG的功率因数角,为定值。in, are the power factor angles of PVG and WTG respectively, and are constant values.
本发明的有益效果:本发明提供的一种考虑储能配置以及需求侧管理的配电网电力电量平衡方法考虑储能配置以及需求侧管理构建配电网电力电量平衡模型,实现考虑储能配置以及需求侧管理的配电网电力电量平衡方法研究,降低了配电网的变电站投建成本。Beneficial effects of the present invention: The present invention provides a distribution network electric power balance method that considers energy storage configuration and demand-side management, considers energy storage configuration and demand-side management, constructs a distribution network electric power balance model, and realizes consideration of energy storage configuration And research on distribution network power balance method of demand side management, which reduces the investment and construction cost of distribution network substations.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案,下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其它的附图。其中:In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For Those of ordinary skill in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any creative effort. in:
图1是本发明第一个实施例所述的一种考虑储能配置以及需求侧管理的配电网电力电量平衡方法的整体流程图。Fig. 1 is an overall flow chart of a distribution network electric power balance method considering energy storage configuration and demand side management according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
图2是本发明第二个实施例所述的一种考虑储能配置以及需求侧管理的配电网电力电量平衡方法的仿真实例中的Portugal 54算例系统;Fig. 2 is a Portugal 54 calculation example system in a simulation example of a distribution network power balance method considering energy storage configuration and demand side management described in the second embodiment of the present invention;
图3是本发明第二个实施例所述的一种考虑储能配置以及需求侧管理的配电网电力电量平衡方法的仿真实例中风电、光伏、负荷典型日数据;Fig. 3 is the typical daily data of wind power, photovoltaic power and load in a simulation example of a distribution network power balance method considering energy storage configuration and demand side management described in the second embodiment of the present invention;
图4是本发明第二个实施例所述的一种考虑储能配置以及需求侧管理的配电网电力电量平衡方法的仿真实例中不同情景在4个典型日下的弃风弃光量。Fig. 4 is a simulation example of a distribution network power balance method considering energy storage configuration and demand side management according to the second embodiment of the present invention, and the curtailment of wind and light in 4 typical days under different scenarios.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为使本发明的上述目的、特征和优点能够更加明显易懂,下面结合说明书附图对本发明的具体实施方式做详细的说明,显然所描述的实施例是本发明的一部分实施例,而不是全部实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都应当属于本发明的保护的范围。In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation modes of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Example. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary persons in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
在下面的描述中阐述了很多具体细节以便于充分理解本发明,但是本发明还可以采用其他不同于在此描述的其它方式来实施,本领域技术人员可以在不违背本发明内涵的情况下做类似推广,因此本发明不受下面公开的具体实施例的限制。In the following description, a lot of specific details are set forth in order to fully understand the present invention, but the present invention can also be implemented in other ways different from those described here, and those skilled in the art can do it without departing from the meaning of the present invention. By analogy, the present invention is therefore not limited to the specific examples disclosed below.
其次,此处所称的“一个实施例”或“实施例”是指可包含于本发明至少一个实现方式中的特定特征、结构或特性。在本说明书中不同地方出现的“在一个实施例中”并非均指同一个实施例,也不是单独的或选择性的与其他实施例互相排斥的实施例。Second, "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" referred to herein refers to a specific feature, structure or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. "In one embodiment" appearing in different places in this specification does not all refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.
本发明结合示意图进行详细描述,在详述本发明实施例时,为便于说明,表示器件结构的剖面图会不依一般比例作局部放大,而且所述示意图只是示例,其在此不应限制本发明保护的范围。此外,在实际制作中应包含长度、宽度及深度的三维空间尺寸。The present invention is described in detail in conjunction with schematic diagrams. When describing the embodiments of the present invention in detail, for the convenience of explanation, the cross-sectional view showing the device structure will not be partially enlarged according to the general scale, and the schematic diagram is only an example, which should not limit the present invention. scope of protection. In addition, the three-dimensional space dimensions of length, width and depth should be included in actual production.
同时在本发明的描述中,需要说明的是,术语中的“上、下、内和外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系,仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述,而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作,因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。此外,术语“第一、第二或第三”仅用于描述目的,而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。At the same time, in the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by "upper, lower, inner and outer" in the terms is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention. The invention and the simplified description do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first, second or third" are used for descriptive purposes only, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
本发明中除非另有明确的规定和限定,术语“安装、相连、连接”应做广义理解,例如:可以是固定连接、可拆卸连接或一体式连接;同样可以是机械连接、电连接或直接连接,也可以通过中间媒介间接相连,也可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。Unless otherwise specified and limited in the present invention, the term "installation, connection, connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example: it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection or an integrated connection; it can also be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection or a direct connection. A connection can also be an indirect connection through an intermediary, or it can be an internal communication between two elements. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in specific situations.
实施例1Example 1
参照图,为本发明的第一个实施例,该实施例提供了一种考虑储能配置以及需求侧管理的配电网电力电量平衡方法,包括:Referring to the figure, it is the first embodiment of the present invention, which provides a distribution network power balance method considering energy storage configuration and demand side management, including:
S1:获取配电网基础数据信息;S1: Obtain the basic data information of the distribution network;
更进一步的,获取配电网基础数据信息以构建所述配电网电力电量平衡模型,构建过程中还需要考虑储能配置以及需求侧管理,将相关措施以约束的形式嵌入模型中。Furthermore, the basic data information of the distribution network is obtained to construct the power balance model of the distribution network. During the construction process, energy storage configuration and demand side management also need to be considered, and relevant measures are embedded in the model in the form of constraints.
S2:设置目标函数、约束条件,构建考虑储能配置以及需求侧管理的配电网电力电量平衡模型;S2: Set the objective function and constraints, and build a distribution network power balance model considering energy storage configuration and demand side management;
具体的,目标函数以变电站安装容量最小为目标,表示如下:Specifically, the objective function takes the minimum installed capacity of the substation as the goal, expressed as follows:
其中,Nsub,i为安装变电站的节点数;为第i个节点新增配置的变电容量。Among them, N sub,i is the number of nodes where the substation is installed; Add the configured variable capacity for the i-th node.
约束条件包括:电力电量平衡、储能运行约束、需求侧管理和分布式新能源运行约束。The constraints include: power balance, energy storage operation constraints, demand side management and distributed new energy operation constraints.
具体的,配电网的电力电量平衡约束如下所示:Specifically, the power balance constraints of the distribution network are as follows:
其中,和分别为t时刻节点i的变电站有功出力、光伏有功出力、风机有功出力;为t时刻节点i的负荷有功需求;为t时刻节点i的变电站无功出力。in, with Respectively, the substation active output, photovoltaic active output, and fan active output of node i at time t; is the load active demand of node i at time t; It is the reactive power output of the substation of node i at time t.
储能运行约束包括:接入配电网节点i的储能的运行需要满足以下约束:Energy storage operation constraints include: the operation of energy storage connected to distribution network node i needs to meet the following constraints:
其中,和分别为储能充放电功率;0-1变量γi,t表征储能充放电状态,1为放电,0为充电;Pi BES为单个储能模块的额定功率;为储能电量;和分别为储能充、放电效率;Δt为相邻调度时刻之间的时长;Si,max和Si,min分别为储能荷电状态上、下限;和分别为调度初始时刻与末尾时刻的电量。in, with are energy storage charging and discharging power; 0-1 variable γ i,t represents the energy storage charging and discharging state, 1 is discharging, 0 is charging; P i BES is the rated power of a single energy storage module; for energy storage; with are the charging and discharging efficiencies of the energy storage, respectively; Δt is the time between adjacent scheduling times; S i,max and S i,min are the upper and lower limits of the state of charge of the energy storage, respectively; with are the power at the initial time and the end time of the scheduling, respectively.
应说明的是,随着社会经济持续稳定发展,电力系统的高峰负荷与负荷峰谷差逐渐增大。而能源危机与环境污染的双重压力又对智慧城镇配电网的运行提出了促进可再生能源消纳等更高的要求。在此背景下,储能应用需求不断增长,主要体现在:可再生能源发电出力预测技术目前尚无法准确预测可再生能源发电出力,导致可再生能源场站的实际出力与计划出力间多存在功率偏差,而功率偏差会占用系统备用容量。高比例可再生能源接入智慧城镇配电网后,会进一步影响电力系统的可靠性与经济性。而储能技术在减小功率偏差,提高可再生能源发电的消纳能力等方面具备较好表现,受到学术界和产业界的广泛关注。故本发明的方法考虑了储能运行约束。It should be noted that with the continuous and stable development of the social economy, the peak load and the peak-to-valley difference of the power system gradually increase. The dual pressures of energy crisis and environmental pollution put forward higher requirements for the operation of distribution network in smart cities, such as promoting the consumption of renewable energy. In this context, the demand for energy storage applications continues to grow, mainly reflected in the fact that renewable energy power generation output forecasting technology is currently unable to accurately predict renewable energy power generation output, resulting in a large gap between the actual output of renewable energy stations and the planned output. Deviation, and power deviation will occupy the system reserve capacity. After a high proportion of renewable energy is connected to the distribution network of smart cities, it will further affect the reliability and economy of the power system. Energy storage technology has a good performance in reducing power deviation and improving the absorption capacity of renewable energy generation, and has attracted extensive attention from academia and industry. Therefore, the method of the present invention takes into account the energy storage operation constraints.
需求侧管理措施包括负荷削减与负荷平移;所述负荷由基本负荷、可削减负荷与可平移负荷构成;节点i处t时刻的负荷模型为:Demand-side management measures include load reduction and load shifting; the load is composed of base load, curtailable load and shiftable load; the load model at node i at time t is:
其中,分别为节点i在t时刻的总负荷、基本负荷、可削减负荷、已削减负荷和可平移负荷有功功率; 分别为节点i在t时刻的总负荷、基本负荷、可削减负荷、已削减负荷和可平移负荷无功功率。in, are the total load, base load, curtailable load, curtailed load, and shiftable load active power of node i at time t; Respectively, the total load, base load, curtailable load, curtailed load and shiftable reactive power of node i at time t.
负荷削减数学模型如下所示:The load shedding mathematical model is as follows:
其中,和分别为负荷有功功率削减量的下限和上限;和分别为负荷无功功率削减量的下限和上限。in, with are the lower limit and upper limit of load active power reduction; with are the lower limit and upper limit of load reactive power reduction, respectively.
负荷平移包括:Load shifting includes:
在可平移负荷建模中,对于接在节点i上的可平移负荷,使用tD表示其工作持续的时段个数,和分别表示负荷平移时段区间上下限,则负荷平移起始时段区间为:In the modeling of translatable load, for the translatable load connected to node i, use t D to represent the number of time periods during which its work lasts, with represent the upper and lower limits of the load shifting time interval respectively, then the load shifting start time interval is:
设为标志位行向量,其中有且仅有一个元素为1,其余元素为0;定义负荷状态矩阵如下:Assume is a row vector of flag bits, in which there is only one element that is 1, and the rest are 0; the load state matrix is defined as follows:
其中,分别为节点i在j时段的可平移有功、无功负荷大小;在平移时段内,可平移负荷有功与无功功率可分别用矩阵Pi fl和表示:in, are the shiftable active and reactive loads of node i in the period j; during the shifting period, the active and reactive power of the shiftable load can be calculated by the matrices P i fl and express:
其中,Pi fl、分别为节点i的可平移有功、无功负荷大小;Among them, P i fl , Respectively, the translational active and reactive loads of node i;
则可平移负荷的有功与无功功率为:Then the active and reactive power of the load that can be translated is:
其中,分别为节点i在t时段的可平移有功、无功负荷大小。in, are the shiftable active and reactive loads of node i in period t, respectively.
应说明的是,电力需求侧管理是指对用电一方实施的管理。这种管理是国家通过政策措施引导用户高峰时少用电,低谷时多用电,提高供电效率、优化用电方式的办法。这样可以在完成同样用电功能的情况下减少电量消耗和电力需求,从而缓解缺电压力,降低供电成本和用电成本。使供电和用电双方得到实惠。达到节约能源和保护环境的长远目的。故本发明的方法考虑了需求侧管理约束。It should be noted that power demand side management refers to the management implemented on the side of power consumption. This kind of management is a way for the state to guide users to use less electricity in peak hours and more electricity in troughs through policies and measures, so as to improve power supply efficiency and optimize electricity consumption methods. In this way, power consumption and power demand can be reduced while completing the same power consumption function, thereby alleviating power shortage pressure and reducing power supply cost and power consumption cost. Make both power supply and electricity consumption benefit. To achieve the long-term goal of saving energy and protecting the environment. The method of the present invention therefore takes into account demand side management constraints.
分布式新能源运行约束包括:Distributed new energy operating constraints include:
其中,分别为PVG和WTG的功率因数角,为定值。in, are the power factor angles of PVG and WTG respectively, and are constant values.
应说明的是,风能具有储量大、分布广的优点,也是人类利用最早的新能源之一。顾名思义,风力发电是指把风的动能转为电能。具体而言,风力发电主要是通过安装在风机上的螺旋桨叶把风能转化成高速旋转的动能来推动发电机做功,进而使这些动能转化成电能。通常风能受风速、温度、光照以及地理位置等多方面因素的影响,其发电量也呈现出较高的不确定性和间歇性,而且这种效应随着时间尺度的增大而增大。其中,风速是影响最大的因素,根据风机桨叶的特性,风速可被分为切入风速、切出风速和额定风速。It should be noted that wind energy has the advantages of large reserves and wide distribution, and it is also one of the earliest new energy sources utilized by human beings. As the name suggests, wind power refers to the conversion of the kinetic energy of the wind into electrical energy. Specifically, wind power generation mainly converts wind energy into high-speed rotating kinetic energy through the propeller blades installed on the fan to drive the generator to do work, and then convert the kinetic energy into electrical energy. Generally, wind energy is affected by many factors such as wind speed, temperature, sunlight, and geographical location, and its power generation also shows high uncertainty and intermittency, and this effect increases with the increase of time scale. Among them, wind speed is the most influential factor. According to the characteristics of fan blades, wind speed can be divided into cut-in wind speed, cut-out wind speed and rated wind speed.
与传统发电系统相比,光伏发电不仅具有消耗环保、运行安全等新能源共同的优点,同时又具有受地理环境影响小、装设规模自由灵活、运行维护相对简单等不同于新能源的独特优势。所以,光伏发电系统的应用前景十分可观。但随着大量光伏发电接入配电网,光伏发电的间歇式发电特性以及受外界自然资源影响而产生的随机性,都会对配电网的安全稳定运行造成难以估计的影响。Compared with traditional power generation systems, photovoltaic power generation not only has the common advantages of new energy such as environmental protection and safe operation, but also has unique advantages that are different from new energy, such as being less affected by the geographical environment, free and flexible installation scale, and relatively simple operation and maintenance. . Therefore, the application prospect of photovoltaic power generation system is very promising. However, as a large number of photovoltaic power generation is connected to the distribution network, the intermittent power generation characteristics of photovoltaic power generation and the randomness caused by the influence of external natural resources will have an inestimable impact on the safe and stable operation of the distribution network.
故本发明的方法考虑了分布式新能源运行约束。Therefore, the method of the present invention considers the operation constraints of distributed new energy sources.
S3:采用分支定界算法进行模型的求解,得到配电网的变电站最小安装容量。S3: The branch and bound algorithm is used to solve the model, and the minimum installed capacity of the substation of the distribution network is obtained.
应说明的是,考虑储能配置以及需求侧管理构建配电网电力电量平衡模型,实现考虑储能配置以及需求侧管理的配电网电力电量平衡方法研究,降低了配电网的变电站投建成本。It should be noted that considering energy storage configuration and demand-side management to construct a distribution network power balance model, and realizing the research on the distribution network power balance method considering energy storage configuration and demand-side management, it reduces the investment and construction of distribution network substations. cost.
实施例2Example 2
参照图2-4,为本发明的一个实施例,提供了一种考虑储能配置以及需求侧管理的配电网电力电量平衡方法,为了验证本发明的有益效果,通过仿真实验进行科学论证。Referring to Fig. 2-4, it is an embodiment of the present invention, which provides a distribution network power balance method considering energy storage configuration and demand side management. In order to verify the beneficial effects of the present invention, scientific demonstration is carried out through simulation experiments.
将上述配电网规划方法在如图3所示的Portugal 54节点配电网系统上进行了测试,图2为Portugal 54节点配电网算例系统的拓扑结构图,其总负荷为76.3MW,系统中已配置有一部分风电、光伏,其中风电15.0MW,光伏共15.0MW,设置弃风率和弃光率均不得超过20%,加之为了满足配电网运行的各种约束条件,需要对其变电站装机总容量进行计算。The above distribution network planning method was tested on the Portugal 54-node distribution network system shown in Figure 3. Figure 2 is the topology structure diagram of the Portugal 54-node distribution network example system, with a total load of 76.3MW. Some wind power and photovoltaic power have been configured in the system, of which wind power is 15.0MW and photovoltaic power is 15.0MW in total. The curtailment rate of wind and light shall not exceed 20%. Calculate the total installed capacity of the substation.
收集我国广东某地区近1年的风电、光伏及负荷信息,通过场景聚类方法生成4个典型场景,结果如图3所示。The wind power, photovoltaic and load information of a certain area in Guangdong, my country in the past year was collected, and four typical scenarios were generated through the scenario clustering method. The results are shown in Figure 3.
为研究不同管理措施对新能源配电网的变电站最小规划容量的影响,设置如下情景进行对比分析:In order to study the impact of different management measures on the minimum planned capacity of substations in the new energy distribution network, the following scenarios are set up for comparative analysis:
情景1:不考虑任何主动管理措施,按照聚类后的几个典型场景进行模拟运行,计算其满足各种约束条件时的变电站最小规划容量;Scenario 1: Regardless of any active management measures, the simulation operation is carried out according to several typical scenarios after clustering, and the minimum planned capacity of the substation is calculated when it meets various constraints;
情景2:配置容量不超过9MW(18MWh)的储能装置,按照聚类后的几个典型场景进行模拟运行,计算其满足各种约束条件时的变电站最小规划容量;Scenario 2: Configure an energy storage device with a capacity of no more than 9MW (18MWh), simulate the operation according to several typical scenarios after clustering, and calculate the minimum planned capacity of the substation when it meets various constraints;
情景3:考虑需求侧管理,按照聚类后的几个典型场景进行模拟运行,计算其满足各种约束条件时的变电站最小规划容量;Scenario 3: Considering the demand side management, simulate the operation according to several typical scenarios after clustering, and calculate the minimum planned capacity of the substation when it meets various constraints;
情景4:考虑储能配置以及需求侧管理,按照聚类后的几个典型场景进行模拟运行,计算其满足各种约束条件时的变电站最小规划容量。Scenario 4: Considering energy storage configuration and demand-side management, simulate the operation according to several typical scenarios after clustering, and calculate the minimum planned capacity of the substation when various constraints are met.
在内置YALMIP工具箱与Gurobi 9.0.0求解器的MATLAB R2010a仿真平台上经过模拟运行,得到不同情景下的变电站最小规划容量如表1所示。由表1可知,若不采取主动管理措施,变电站的最小规划容量较大,会造成很大的投资浪费。而采取不同的主动管理措施后,变电站的最小规划容量有不同程度的降低,特别是采取全部主动管理措施后,变电站的最小规划容量降低到52.8MW,可较大程度的节约投资成本。After simulation operation on the MATLAB R2010a simulation platform with built-in YALMIP toolbox and Gurobi 9.0.0 solver, the minimum planned capacity of the substation under different scenarios is shown in Table 1. It can be seen from Table 1 that if active management measures are not taken, the minimum planned capacity of the substation is relatively large, which will cause a lot of investment waste. After taking different active management measures, the minimum planned capacity of the substation is reduced to varying degrees, especially after all active management measures are taken, the minimum planned capacity of the substation is reduced to 52.8MW, which can save investment costs to a large extent.
表1不同情景下的变电站最小规划容量Table 1 Minimum planning capacity of substations under different scenarios
对采取不同主动管理措施的方案进行进一步对比分析后,可以得出以下结论:After further comparative analysis of the programs with different active management measures, the following conclusions can be drawn:
配置储能装置通过削减负荷峰值,可降低变电站的规划容量;Configuring energy storage devices can reduce the planned capacity of substations by reducing load peaks;
需求侧管理通过平移负荷,降低负荷的波峰,可以降低变电站的规划容量。Demand side management can reduce the planned capacity of substations by shifting loads and reducing load peaks.
图4为不同情景在4个典型日下的弃风弃光量。从图4和图3可以直观看出各种主动管理措施对系统弃风弃光量的影响,考虑各种主动管理措施后,在满足配电网各种运行约束的条件下,极大地促进了新能源的消纳。Figure 4 shows the curtailment of wind and light in four typical days under different scenarios. From Figure 4 and Figure 3, we can intuitively see the impact of various active management measures on the amount of wind and solar curtailment in the system. After considering various active management measures, under the condition of satisfying various operating constraints of the distribution network, the new energy efficiency is greatly promoted. energy consumption.
该仿真实验充分说明了本发明所述方法的可行性和有益效果,实现了考虑储能配置以及需求侧管理的配电网电力电量平衡方法研究,降低了配电网的变电站投建成本。The simulation experiment fully demonstrates the feasibility and beneficial effects of the method of the present invention, realizes the research on the power balance method of distribution network considering energy storage configuration and demand side management, and reduces the investment and construction cost of substations in distribution network.
应说明的是,以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制,尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明进行了详细说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解,可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换,而不脱离本发明技术方案的精神和范围,其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention without limitation, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be carried out Modifications or equivalent replacements without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention shall be covered by the claims of the present invention.
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