CN116805792B - Method and system for determining thermal power-energy storage regulation demand in high-proportion new energy systems - Google Patents
Method and system for determining thermal power-energy storage regulation demand in high-proportion new energy systems Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
技术领域Technical Field
本发明属于电气自动化领域,具体涉及一种高比例新能源系统中火电-储能调节需求判定方法及系统。The present invention belongs to the field of electrical automation, and in particular relates to a method and system for determining thermal power-energy storage regulation demand in a high-proportion new energy system.
背景技术Background technique
随着经济技术的发展和人们生活水平的提高,电能已经成为了人们生产和生活中必不可少的二次能源,给人们的生产和生活带来了无尽的便利。因此,保障电能的稳定可靠供应,就成为了电力系统最重要的任务之一。With the development of economy and technology and the improvement of people's living standards, electricity has become an indispensable secondary energy source in people's production and life, bringing endless convenience to people's production and life. Therefore, ensuring the stable and reliable supply of electricity has become one of the most important tasks of the power system.
目前,随着新能源发电系统的并入电网,新能源发电的渗透率不断提高;但是新能源发电的间歇性、波动性、随机性特点会造成电网的净负荷波动。这给电力系统的安全稳定运行带来了极大的挑战。At present, with the integration of new energy power generation systems into the power grid, the penetration rate of new energy power generation is constantly increasing; however, the intermittent, volatile and random characteristics of new energy power generation will cause the net load of the power grid to fluctuate, which brings great challenges to the safe and stable operation of the power system.
随着新型电力系统的构建和新能源比例的提高,电力系统基础支撑电源可能存在容量不足的情况,进而导致跨时段、跨季节调配能力不足,电力系统的持续顶峰运行压力大,不足以满足电力电量平衡的需求,从而影响电力系统的安全稳定运行。目前,传统的火电机组正在进行相应的性能提升和灵活性改造,而储能技术的应用也为火电机组“削峰填谷”带来了切实可行的解决办法。但是过多的配置储能,不仅不能有效减少火电机组等支撑电源的装机规模,还会降低系统运行的经济性和效率。With the construction of new power systems and the increase in the proportion of new energy sources, the basic supporting power sources of the power system may have insufficient capacity, which will lead to insufficient cross-time and cross-season allocation capabilities. The continuous peak operation pressure of the power system is high and insufficient to meet the needs of power balance, thus affecting the safe and stable operation of the power system. At present, traditional thermal power units are undergoing corresponding performance improvement and flexibility transformation, and the application of energy storage technology has also brought practical solutions to the "peak shaving and valley filling" of thermal power units. However, excessive configuration of energy storage will not only fail to effectively reduce the installed capacity of supporting power sources such as thermal power units, but also reduce the economy and efficiency of system operation.
因此,现有的电力系统常用火电-储能的方式来进行电力系统负荷的调节。但是,目前针对电力系统的火电-储能的调节方式的判定方式,依旧采用的是简单的人为主观判定的方案;明显的,人为主观判定的方案,不仅可靠性和一致性较差,而且主观性极强,缺乏相应的判定依据。Therefore, the existing power system often uses thermal power-energy storage to adjust the power system load. However, the current method for determining the thermal power-energy storage adjustment method of the power system still adopts a simple human subjective judgment scheme; obviously, the human subjective judgment scheme not only has poor reliability and consistency, but also is highly subjective and lacks corresponding judgment basis.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明的目的之一在于提供一种可靠性高、准确性好且客观科学的高比例新能源系统中火电-储能调节需求判定方法。One of the purposes of the present invention is to provide a method for determining thermal power-energy storage regulation demand in a high-proportion new energy system with high reliability, good accuracy, and objectivity and science.
本发明的目的之二在于提供一种实现所述高比例新能源系统中火电-储能调节需求判定方法的系统。A second object of the present invention is to provide a system for realizing the method for determining the thermal power-energy storage regulation demand in the high-proportion new energy system.
本发明提供的这种高比例新能源系统中火电-储能调节需求判定方法,包括如下步骤:The method for determining the thermal power-energy storage regulation demand in the high-proportion new energy system provided by the present invention comprises the following steps:
S1.获取目标电力系统的数据信息;S1. Obtain data information of the target power system;
S2.根据步骤S1获取的数据信息,构建功率平衡表达式;S2. Construct a power balance expression based on the data information obtained in step S1;
S3.对目标电力系统在典型日下的电量平衡状态进行判定;S3. Determine the power balance state of the target power system on a typical day;
S4.构建目标电力系统在满足高峰负荷时的电力需求约束条件;S4. Construct the power demand constraint conditions of the target power system when meeting the peak load;
S5.根据得到的数据结果,构建支撑性电源容量效益指标和支撑性电源容量替代效益指标;S5. Based on the obtained data results, construct supporting power capacity benefit indicators and supporting power capacity substitution benefit indicators;
S6.根据步骤S5得到的指标,完成高比例新能源系统中火电-储能调节需求的判定。S6. Based on the indicators obtained in step S5, the thermal power-energy storage regulation demand in the high-proportion new energy system is determined.
步骤S2所述的根据步骤S1获取的数据信息,构建功率平衡表达式,具体包括如下步骤:The step S2 of constructing a power balance expression according to the data information obtained in step S1 specifically includes the following steps:
采用如下算式作为功率平衡表达式:The following formula is used as the power balance expression:
Pthermal(t)=PL(t)-PESS(t)P thermal (t)= PL (t) -PESS (t)
式中Pthermal(t)为火电机组出力;PESS(t)为储能功率,储能装置充电时PESS(t)为负值,储能装置放电时PESS(t)为正值;PL(t)为目标电力系统所需负荷,且表达式为PL(t)=Pload(t)-(Phydro(t)+PRES(t)+PDC(t)+Pregion(t)+Pgas(t)),Pload(t)为系统负荷功率,Phydro(t)为水电机组出力,PRES(t)为风电和光伏的出力,PDC(t)为直流功率,直流功率送入电力系统时PDC(t)为正,直流功率送出电力系统时PDC(t)为负,Pregion(t)为区域电网之间交流联络线功率,Pgas(t)为气电功率,气电功率送入电力系统时Pgas(t)为正,气电功率送出电力系统时Pgas(t)为负。Where P thermal (t) is the output of the thermal power unit; P ESS (t) is the energy storage power. When the energy storage device is charging, P ESS (t) is a negative value, and when the energy storage device is discharging, P ESS (t) is a positive value; PL (t) is the required load of the target power system, and the expression is PL (t) = P load (t) - (P hydro (t) + P RES (t) + P DC (t) + P region (t) + P gas (t)), P load (t) is the system load power, P hydro (t) is the output of the hydropower unit, P RES (t) is the output of wind power and photovoltaic power, P DC (t) is the DC power, when DC power is sent into the power system, P DC (t) is positive, when DC power is sent out of the power system, P DC (t) is negative, P region (t) is the power of the AC interconnection line between regional power grids, and P gas (t) is the gas power. When gas power is sent into the power system, P gas (t) is positive, when gas power is sent out of the power system, P gas (t) is negative.
步骤S3所述的对目标电力系统在典型日下的电量平衡状态进行判定,具体包括如下步骤:The step S3 of determining the power balance state of the target power system on a typical day specifically includes the following steps:
采用如下规则对目标电力系统在典型日下的电量平衡状态进行判定:The following rules are used to determine the power balance state of the target power system on a typical day:
式中Pthermal.max为系统火电机组最大出力;Δt为设定的时间段;N为时间段的总数;δ为储能效率;(Pthermal.max-PL(t))>0表示Pthermal.max-PL(t)中取值大于0的值;(Pthermal.max-PL(t))<0表示Pthermal.max-PL(t)中取值小于0的值;Where P thermal.max is the maximum output of the thermal power unit in the system; Δt is the set time period; N is the total number of time periods; δ is the energy storage efficiency; (P thermal.max -P L (t)) > 0 means that the value of P thermal.max -P L (t) is greater than 0; (P thermal.max -P L (t)) < 0 means that the value of P thermal.max -P L (t) is less than 0;
若目标电力系统满足以上规则,则表示在目标电力系统在现有的火电装机情况下,通过储能配置能够满足在典型日下的电量平衡;If the target power system meets the above rules, it means that under the existing thermal power installed capacity, the target power system can meet the power balance on a typical day through energy storage configuration;
若目标电力系统不满足以上规则,则表示目标电力系统需要增加火电机组的装机容量,才能满足目标电力系统在典型日下的电量平衡。If the target power system does not meet the above rules, it means that the target power system needs to increase the installed capacity of thermal power units in order to meet the power balance of the target power system on a typical day.
步骤S4所述的构建目标电力系统在满足高峰负荷时的电力需求约束条件,具体包括如下步骤:The step S4 of constructing the power demand constraint condition of the target power system when meeting the peak load specifically includes the following steps:
采用如下算式构建高峰负荷时的电力需求约束条件:The following formula is used to construct the power demand constraint during peak load:
PL(t)-Pthermal.max≤PESS(t)≤0P L (t)-P thermal.max ≤P ESS (t)≤0
PESS(t)≥max(PL(t)-Pthermal,max)>0P ESS (t) ≥ max (P L (t) - P thermal, max ) > 0
-PESS,max≤PESS(t)≤PESS,max -P ESS,max ≤P ESS (t)≤P ESS,max
Pthermal(t)≥βPthermal,max P thermal (t)≥βP thermal,max
Wpeak≤tt·PESS,max W peak ≤t t ·P ESS,max
式中β为火电机组最小出力比例;PESS,max为储能充电或放电功率的最大值;Wpeak为高峰负荷时段所缺的电量;tt为储能满功率的充电或放电时间。Where β is the minimum output ratio of the thermal power unit; P ESS,max is the maximum value of the energy storage charging or discharging power; W peak is the power shortage during the peak load period; t t is the charging or discharging time of the energy storage at full power.
步骤S5所述的根据得到的数据结果,构建支撑性电源容量效益指标和支撑性电源容量替代效益指标,具体包括如下步骤:According to the obtained data results, the step S5 constructs the supporting power capacity benefit index and the supporting power capacity substitution benefit index, which specifically includes the following steps:
采用如下算式计算支撑性电源容量效益指标η:The supporting power capacity benefit index η is calculated using the following formula:
式中ΔPthermal为理论分析计算得到的火电装机增加容量;ΔP′thermal为实际增加的火电机组装机容量;Where ΔP thermal is the increased capacity of thermal power installed capacity calculated by theoretical analysis; ΔP′ thermal is the actual increased capacity of thermal power installed capacity;
若增加火电机组容量后,目标电力系统依旧无法满足电力平衡约束条件要求,则通过配置储能装置解决系统在典型负荷日下的电力电量平衡问题;If the target power system still cannot meet the power balance constraint requirements after increasing the capacity of thermal power units, the power balance problem of the system under typical load days can be solved by configuring energy storage devices;
增加储能装置后,采用如下算式计算支撑性电源容量替代效益指标α:After adding the energy storage device, the supporting power capacity substitution benefit index α is calculated using the following formula:
式中PESS,in,max为储能最大充电功率;PESS,out,max为储能最大放电功率;PESS,max为储能配置容量。Where P ESS,in,max is the maximum charging power of the energy storage; P ESS,out,max is the maximum discharging power of the energy storage; and P ESS,max is the configured capacity of the energy storage.
步骤S6所述的根据步骤S5得到的指标,完成高比例新能源系统中火电-储能调节需求的判定,具体包括如下步骤:Step S6, according to the index obtained in step S5, completes the determination of the thermal power-energy storage regulation demand in the high-proportion new energy system, and specifically includes the following steps:
采用如下算式计算得到支撑性电源替代效益率指标λ:The supporting power source substitution benefit rate index λ is calculated using the following formula:
式中α为支撑性电源容量替代效益指标;η为支撑性电源容量效益指标;Where α is the supporting power capacity replacement benefit index; η is the supporting power capacity benefit index;
根据计算得到的支撑性电源替代效益率指标λ,进行判定:According to the calculated supporting power source substitution benefit rate index λ, the judgment is made:
λ的值等于1,表示储能和火电机组的容量效益相同;The value of λ is equal to 1, indicating that the capacity benefits of energy storage and thermal power units are the same;
λ的值越接近1,表示储能的支撑性电源替代效率越高;The closer the value of λ is to 1, the higher the supporting power source replacement efficiency of energy storage is;
λ的值越远离1,表示储能的支撑性电源替代效率越低。The further away the value of λ is from 1, the lower the supporting power source replacement efficiency of energy storage is.
本发明还提供了一种实现所述高比例新能源系统中火电-储能调节需求判定方法的系统,包括数据获取模块、平衡表达模块、平衡判定模块、约束构建模块、指标构建模块和判定模块;数据获取模块、平衡表达模块、平衡判定模块、约束构建模块、指标构建模块和判定模块依次串联;数据获取模块用于获取目标电力系统的数据信息,并将数据上传平衡表达模块;平衡表达模块用于根据接收到的数据,构建功率平衡表达式,并将数据上传平衡判定模块;平衡判定模块用于根据接收到的数据,对目标电力系统在典型日下的电量平衡状态进行判定,并将数据上传约束构建模块;约束构建模块用于根据接收到的数据,构建目标电力系统在满足高峰负荷时的电力需求约束条件,并将数据上传指标构建模块;指标构建模块用于根据接收到的数据,构建支撑性电源容量效益指标和支撑性电源容量替代效益指标,并将数据上传判定模块;判定模块用于根据接收到的数据,完成高比例新能源系统中火电-储能调节需求的判定。The present invention also provides a system for realizing the method for determining the thermal power-storage regulation demand in the high-proportion new energy system, comprising a data acquisition module, a balance expression module, a balance determination module, a constraint construction module, an index construction module and a determination module; the data acquisition module, the balance expression module, the balance determination module, the constraint construction module, the index construction module and the determination module are connected in series in sequence; the data acquisition module is used to acquire data information of the target power system, and upload the data to the balance expression module; the balance expression module is used to construct a power balance expression according to the received data, and upload the data to the balance determination module; the balance determination module is used to determine the power balance state of the target power system on a typical day according to the received data, and upload the data to the constraint construction module; the constraint construction module is used to construct the power demand constraint conditions of the target power system when meeting the peak load according to the received data, and upload the data to the index construction module; the index construction module is used to construct a supporting power capacity benefit indicator and a supporting power capacity substitution benefit indicator according to the received data, and upload the data to the determination module; the determination module is used to complete the determination of the thermal power-storage regulation demand in the high-proportion new energy system according to the received data.
本发明提供的这种高比例新能源系统中火电-储能调节需求判定方法及系统,通过创新的判定过程和计算指标,不仅实现了高比例新能源系统中火电-储能调节需求的判定,而且本发明基于客观的电力系统数据和计算的指标,可靠性高、准确性好且客观科学。The method and system for determining the thermal power-storage regulation demand in a high-proportion new energy system provided by the present invention not only realizes the determination of the thermal power-storage regulation demand in a high-proportion new energy system through an innovative determination process and calculation indicators, but also the present invention is based on objective power system data and calculated indicators, and is highly reliable, accurate, objective and scientific.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
图1为本发明方法的方法流程示意图。FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a method flow chart of the method of the present invention.
图2为本发明方法实施例的省级电网2015年典型大负荷日下的电力系统全要素曲线示意图。FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a full-element curve of the power system of a provincial power grid on a typical high-load day in 2015 according to an embodiment of the method of the present invention.
图3为本发明方法实施例的增加火电机组装机容量后的电力系统全要素曲线示意图。FIG3 is a schematic diagram of a full-factor curve of a power system after increasing the installed capacity of thermal power plants according to an embodiment of the method of the present invention.
图4为本发明方法实施例的抵扣水电、新能源、交直流联络线、气电发电出力后的系统所需发电负荷曲线示意图。4 is a schematic diagram of a power generation load curve required by the system after deducting the output of hydropower, new energy, AC/DC interconnection lines, and gas-fired power generation according to an embodiment of the method of the present invention.
图5为本发明系统的功能模块示意图。FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the functional modules of the system of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
如图1所示为本发明方法的方法流程示意图:本发明公开的这种高比例新能源系统中火电-储能调节需求判定方法,包括如下步骤:FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the method flow of the method of the present invention: The method for determining the thermal power-energy storage regulation demand in the high-proportion new energy system disclosed in the present invention comprises the following steps:
S1.获取目标电力系统的数据信息;S1. Obtain data information of the target power system;
S2.根据步骤S1获取的数据信息,构建功率平衡表达式;具体包括如下步骤:S2. Construct a power balance expression based on the data information obtained in step S1; specifically comprising the following steps:
随着新能源大规模发展,新能源将是电力电量的重要提供者,并具备相当程度的“构网”能力,而作为常规电源的火电的则逐步转向调节与支撑,电力平衡模式由“源随荷动的发/用电平衡转向储能、多能转换参与缓冲的更大空间、更大时间尺度范围内的平衡;因此储能作为解决可再生能源大规模接入和消纳问题的关键技术,需参与电力电量平衡分析和电网调节能力分析,为此需统筹考虑火电-储能配置对系统电力电量平衡的影响;With the large-scale development of new energy, new energy will be an important provider of electricity and have a considerable degree of "grid building" capability, while thermal power, as a conventional power source, will gradually shift to regulation and support. The power balance mode will shift from "source follows load" power generation/consumption balance to energy storage and multi-energy conversion to participate in buffering in a larger space and a larger time scale. Therefore, energy storage, as a key technology to solve the problem of large-scale access and absorption of renewable energy, needs to participate in power balance analysis and grid regulation capacity analysis. For this purpose, it is necessary to comprehensively consider the impact of thermal power-energy storage configuration on system power balance.
采用如下算式作为功率平衡表达式:The following formula is used as the power balance expression:
Pthermal(t)=PL(t)-PESS(t)P thermal (t)= PL (t) -PESS (t)
式中Pthermal(t)为火电机组出力;PESS(t)为储能功率,储能装置充电时PESS(t)为负值,储能装置放电时PESS(t)为正值;PL(t)为目标电力系统所需负荷,且表达式为PL(t)=Pload(t)-(Phydro(t)+PRES(t)+PDC(t)+Pregion(t)+Pgas(t)),Pload(t)为系统负荷功率,Phydro(t)为水电机组出力,PRES(t)为风电和光伏的出力,PDC(t)为直流功率,直流功率送入电力系统时PDC(t)为正,直流功率送出电力系统时PDC(t)为负,Pregion(t)为区域电网之间交流联络线功率,Pgas(t)为气电功率,气电功率送入电力系统时Pgas(t)为正,气电功率送出电力系统时Pgas(t)为负;Wherein, P thermal (t) is the output of the thermal power unit; P ESS (t) is the energy storage power. When the energy storage device is charging, P ESS (t) is a negative value, and when the energy storage device is discharging, P ESS (t) is a positive value; PL (t) is the load required by the target power system, and the expression is PL (t) = P load (t) - (P hydro (t) + P RES (t) + P DC (t) + P region (t) + P gas (t)), P load (t) is the system load power, P hydro (t) is the output of the hydropower unit, P RES (t) is the output of wind power and photovoltaic power, P DC (t) is the DC power, when the DC power is sent into the power system, P DC (t) is positive, when the DC power is sent out of the power system, P DC (t) is negative, P region (t) is the power of the AC interconnection line between regional power grids, P gas (t) is the gas power, when the gas power is sent into the power system, P gas (t) is positive, when the gas power is sent out of the power system, P gas (t) is negative;
S3.对目标电力系统在典型日下的电量平衡状态进行判定;具体包括如下步骤:S3. Determine the power balance state of the target power system on a typical day; specifically, the steps include:
为满足高峰负荷电力电量支撑,储能不仅需满足高峰负荷时刻的电力需求还必须要有足够电能(电量)可充,即需要有一定规模可提供所需电能(电量)的电源;可充电量大于或等于高峰负荷时刻系统所缺的电量需求,计算时需要考虑储能效率;采用如下规则对目标电力系统在典型日下的电量平衡状态进行判定:In order to meet the peak load power support, energy storage must not only meet the power demand at the peak load moment, but also have sufficient power (power) to be charged, that is, a power supply of a certain scale is required to provide the required power (power); the chargeable amount is greater than or equal to the power demand of the system at the peak load moment, and the energy storage efficiency needs to be considered during the calculation; the following rules are used to determine the power balance state of the target power system on a typical day:
式中Pthermal.max为系统火电机组最大出力;Δt为设定的时间段;N为时间段的总数;δ为储能效率,通常取值在0.7~0.9之间;(Pthermal.max-PL(t))>0表示Pthermal.max-PL(t)中取值大于0的值;(Pthermal.max-PL(t))<0表示Pthermal.max-PL(t)中取值小于0的值;Where P thermal.max is the maximum output of the thermal power unit in the system; Δt is the set time period; N is the total number of time periods; δ is the energy storage efficiency, which is usually between 0.7 and 0.9; (P thermal.max -P L (t)) > 0 means that the value of P thermal.max -P L (t) is greater than 0; (P thermal.max -P L (t)) < 0 means that the value of P thermal.max -P L (t) is less than 0;
具体实施时,Δt一般取值为0.25h,因此N取值为96;In specific implementation, Δt is generally taken as 0.25h, so N is taken as 96;
若目标电力系统满足以上规则,则表示在目标电力系统在现有的火电装机情况下,通过储能配置能够满足在典型日下的电量平衡;If the target power system meets the above rules, it means that under the existing thermal power installed capacity, the target power system can meet the power balance on a typical day through energy storage configuration;
若目标电力系统不满足以上规则,则表示目标电力系统需要增加火电机组的装机容量,才能满足目标电力系统在典型日下的电量平衡;If the target power system does not meet the above rules, it means that the target power system needs to increase the installed capacity of thermal power units to meet the target power system's power balance on a typical day;
S4.构建目标电力系统在满足高峰负荷时的电力需求约束条件;具体包括如下步骤:S4. Construct the power demand constraint conditions of the target power system when meeting the peak load; specifically, the steps include:
采用如下算式构建高峰负荷时的电力需求约束条件:The following formula is used to construct the power demand constraint during peak load:
PL(t)-Pthermal.max≤PESS(t)≤0P L (t)-P thermal.max ≤P ESS (t)≤0
PESS(t)≥max(PL(t)-Pthermal,max)>0P ESS (t) ≥ max (P L (t) - P thermal, max ) > 0
-PESS,max≤PESS(t)≤PESS,max -P ESS,max ≤P ESS (t)≤P ESS,max
Pthermal(t)≥βPthermal,max P thermal (t)≥βP thermal,max
Wpeak≤tt·PESS,max W peak ≤t t ·P ESS,max
式中β为火电机组最小出力比例;PESS,max为储能充电或放电功率的最大值;Wpeak为高峰负荷时段所缺的电量;tt为储能满功率的充电或放电时间,一般为2小时、4小时或6小时;Where β is the minimum output ratio of the thermal power unit; P ESS,max is the maximum value of the energy storage charging or discharging power; W peak is the power shortage during the peak load period; t t is the charging or discharging time of the energy storage at full power, which is generally 2 hours, 4 hours or 6 hours;
其中,第一个约束条件表示储能实际功充电功率在负荷低谷时段小于或等于系统盈余功率,结合高峰负荷时段保供电对储能配置需求,进而可以避免过多配置储能造成的储能系统经济性问题;第二个约束条件表示储能实际放电功率必须大于或等于高峰负荷时刻的最大功率缺额,进而可以满足负荷高峰时段的电力平衡需求;第三个约束条件表示储能充放电的功率约束;Among them, the first constraint condition indicates that the actual charging power of the energy storage is less than or equal to the system surplus power during the load valley period, combined with the energy storage configuration requirements for power supply during the peak load period, thus avoiding the economic problems of the energy storage system caused by excessive configuration of energy storage; the second constraint condition indicates that the actual discharge power of the energy storage must be greater than or equal to the maximum power shortage at the peak load moment, thus meeting the power balance requirements during the peak load period; the third constraint condition represents the power constraint of energy storage charging and discharging;
S5.根据得到的数据结果,构建支撑性电源容量效益指标和支撑性电源容量替代效益指标;具体包括如下步骤:S5. Based on the obtained data results, construct supporting power capacity benefit indicators and supporting power capacity substitution benefit indicators; specifically including the following steps:
采用如下算式计算支撑性电源容量效益指标η:The supporting power capacity benefit index η is calculated using the following formula:
式中ΔPthermal为理论分析计算得到的火电装机增加容量;ΔPt'hermal为实际增加的火电机组装机容量;Where ΔP thermal is the increased capacity of thermal power installed capacity calculated by theoretical analysis; ΔP t ' hermal is the actual increased installed capacity of thermal power;
具体实施时,考虑到目前电力系统新增火电装机时,单台机组容量通常为600兆瓦或1000兆瓦,因此支撑性电源容量效益指标η的计算公式可以修改为a为增加的600兆瓦火电机组的台数,b为增加的1000兆瓦火电机组的台数;In specific implementation, considering that the capacity of a single unit is usually 600 MW or 1000 MW when new thermal power generation capacity is installed in the current power system, the calculation formula of the supporting power capacity benefit index η can be modified as follows: a is the number of additional 600 MW thermal power units, and b is the number of additional 1000 MW thermal power units;
针对支撑性电源容量效益指标η:For the supporting power capacity efficiency index η:
η越接近1,表示在不考虑配置储能情况下通过增加火电机组容量可以更好的满足系统电力电量平衡,容量效益越好;The closer η is to 1, the better the system power balance can be achieved by increasing the capacity of thermal power units without considering the configuration of energy storage, and the better the capacity benefit;
η越接近0,表示虽然增加火电机组容量满足系统的电力电量平衡,但是容量效益较差;The closer η is to 0, it means that although the capacity of thermal power units is increased to meet the power balance of the system, the capacity efficiency is poor;
若增加火电机组容量后,目标电力系统依旧无法满足电力平衡约束条件要求,则通过配置储能装置解决系统在典型负荷日下的电力电量平衡问题;If the target power system still cannot meet the power balance constraint requirements after increasing the capacity of thermal power units, the power balance problem of the system under typical load days can be solved by configuring energy storage devices;
增加储能装置后,采用如下算式计算支撑性电源容量替代效益指标α:After adding the energy storage device, the supporting power capacity substitution benefit index α is calculated using the following formula:
式中PESS,in,max为储能最大充电功率;PESS,out,max为储能最大放电功率;PESS,max为储能配置容量;Where P ESS,in,max is the maximum charging power of the energy storage; P ESS,out,max is the maximum discharging power of the energy storage; P ESS,max is the energy storage configuration capacity;
S6.根据步骤S5得到的指标,完成高比例新能源系统中火电-储能调节需求的判定;具体包括如下步骤:S6. According to the index obtained in step S5, the determination of the thermal power-storage regulation demand in the high-proportion new energy system is completed; specifically, the following steps are included:
采用如下算式计算得到支撑性电源替代效益率指标λ:The supporting power source substitution benefit rate index λ is calculated using the following formula:
式中α为支撑性电源容量替代效益指标;η为支撑性电源容量效益指标;Where α is the supporting power capacity replacement benefit index; η is the supporting power capacity benefit index;
根据计算得到的支撑性电源替代效益率指标λ,进行判定:According to the calculated supporting power source substitution benefit rate index λ, the judgment is made:
λ的值等于1,表示储能和火电机组的容量效益相同,从系统安全稳定运行角度考虑,可通过增加火电机组容量来维持系统的电力电量平衡;The value of λ is equal to 1, which means that the capacity benefits of energy storage and thermal power units are the same. From the perspective of safe and stable operation of the system, the power balance of the system can be maintained by increasing the capacity of thermal power units.
λ的值越接近1,表示储能的支撑性电源替代效率越高,同时由于配置储能还有利于提高新能源消纳能力;The closer the value of λ is to 1, the higher the efficiency of supporting power source substitution of energy storage is. At the same time, the configuration of energy storage is also conducive to improving the new energy consumption capacity;
λ的值越远离1,表示储能的支撑性电源替代效率越低。The further away the value of λ is from 1, the lower the supporting power source replacement efficiency of energy storage is.
以下结合一个实施例,对本发明方法进行进一步说明:The method of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with an embodiment:
以某省级电网2015年典型大负荷日下的运行情况为例,分析系统2015年电力电量平衡情况和所需储能容量。该省级电网2015年典型大负荷日下的系统曲线如图2所示,以15分钟点为间隔。系统火电机组最小出力比例β=33%,储能效率δ=75%。Taking the operation of a provincial power grid on a typical high-load day in 2015 as an example, the power balance and required energy storage capacity of the system in 2015 are analyzed. The system curve of the provincial power grid on a typical high-load day in 2015 is shown in Figure 2, with 15-minute points as intervals. The minimum output ratio of the system's thermal power units β = 33%, and the energy storage efficiency δ = 75%.
初始条件下,火电机组装机容量最大出力为23000MW,在该条件下系统的可充电量为10179.3MWh,而典型大负荷日高峰负荷时段的放电电量为28914.5MWh。因此在现有火电机组装机容量条件下,无法满足系统的电量平衡,同时也无法满足电力平衡,需要增加火电机组装机容量以满足约束条件,即典型大负荷日下的电量平衡约束。Under the initial conditions, the maximum output of the thermal power installed capacity is 23000MW. Under this condition, the system can be charged 10179.3MWh, while the discharge power during the peak load period of a typical heavy load day is 28914.5MWh. Therefore, under the existing thermal power installed capacity, the system's power balance cannot be met, and the power balance cannot be met at the same time. It is necessary to increase the thermal power installed capacity to meet the constraint conditions, that is, the power balance constraint under a typical heavy load day.
通过计算后可知,当增加1000MW火电机组装机容量时,系统的全要素曲线如图3所示。由图中曲线分析可知,系统在典型大负荷日下的可充电量为19929.3MWh,负荷高峰时段所需放电电量为14664.5MWh,考虑到储能充放电效率,基于可充电量条件下的可放电量为14946.9MWh,可满足典型大负荷日下的电量平衡约束。After calculation, it can be seen that when the installed capacity of 1000MW thermal power plant is increased, the full factor curve of the system is shown in Figure 3. From the curve analysis in the figure, it can be seen that the system can be charged on a typical high-load day for 19929.3MWh, and the required discharge power during the peak load period is 14664.5MWh. Considering the efficiency of energy storage charging and discharging, the discharge power based on the chargeable capacity is 14946.9MWh, which can meet the power balance constraint on a typical high-load day.
抵扣水电、新能源、交直流联络线、气电发电出力后的系统所需发电负荷曲线如图4所示。The required power generation load curve of the system after deducting the output of hydropower, new energy, AC/DC interconnection lines, and gas-fired power generation is shown in Figure 4.
由图4可知,高峰负荷时段系统的最大电力缺额为1940.47MW。抵扣后系统所需发电负荷曲线的最小负荷值为20869.08MW,大于此时火电机组最小出力约束8000MW。As shown in Figure 4, the maximum power shortage of the system during the peak load period is 1940.47MW. The minimum load value of the power generation load curve required by the system after deduction is 20869.08MW, which is greater than the minimum output constraint of 8000MW of the thermal power unit at this time.
当不考虑配置储能时,则理论计算得到的需增加的火电机组装机容量即为最大电力缺额值。根据现有火电机组类别,此时系统需要增加2台1000MW火电机组,方可在2025年满足典型大负荷日下的电力电量需求。因此可以计算得到 When energy storage is not considered, the theoretically calculated additional thermal power installed capacity is the maximum power shortage value. According to the existing thermal power unit types, the system needs to add two 1000MW thermal power units to meet the power demand under typical high-load days in 2025. Therefore, it can be calculated that
当考虑配置储能时,根据负荷高峰时段的最大功率缺额,初始储能容量配置至少为1940MW,以此可以满足负荷高峰时段的电力平衡约束。但是同时又需要满足电量平衡约束,因此根据高峰负荷时段所缺电量,考虑储能转换效率δ=75%后的储能配置容量为3320MW;When considering the configuration of energy storage, according to the maximum power shortage during the peak load period, the initial energy storage capacity is configured to be at least 1940MW, so as to meet the power balance constraint during the peak load period. However, it is also necessary to meet the power balance constraint. Therefore, according to the power shortage during the peak load period, the energy storage configuration capacity after considering the energy storage conversion efficiency δ = 75% is 3320MW;
然后根据实际曲线分析可知,配置储能后储能充电过程中最大充电功率为3130MW,放电最大功率为1940MW,可以满足系统高峰负荷时段电力平衡约束,同时储能充放电也满足功率约束条件。因此可以计算得到支撑性电源容量替代效益指标α和支撑性电源替代效益率指标λ:Then, according to the actual curve analysis, after configuring the energy storage, the maximum charging power during the energy storage charging process is 3130MW, and the maximum discharge power is 1940MW, which can meet the power balance constraint of the system during the peak load period, and the energy storage charging and discharging also meet the power constraint conditions. Therefore, the supporting power supply capacity substitution benefit index α and the supporting power supply substitution benefit rate index λ can be calculated:
由此可以判断储能的支撑性电源替代效益率可以达到97%,说明储能替代支撑性电源在系统电力电量平衡中能起到良好的作用,同时配置一定规模的储能还能有利于提高新能源的消纳水平。因此,本发明所提方法通过储能配置减少了火电机组装机容量需求,提升了系统的调峰能力和跨时段、跨季节调节能力,解决负荷特性引起的电力电量不平衡和系统保供电问题,有利于新型电力系统和火电-新能源-储能支撑性电源的建设,进而为系统工作人员提供科学、合理的分析方法,在工程实践、电网规划建设和能源电力安全等方面具有十分重要的意义。It can be judged that the replacement efficiency rate of supporting power supply of energy storage can reach 97%, indicating that energy storage can play a good role in the balance of power and electricity in the system. At the same time, configuring a certain scale of energy storage can also help improve the level of consumption of new energy. Therefore, the method proposed in the present invention reduces the capacity demand of thermal power installed units through energy storage configuration, improves the peak load regulation capacity and cross-time and cross-season regulation capacity of the system, solves the power and electricity imbalance caused by load characteristics and the problem of system power supply guarantee, is conducive to the construction of new power systems and thermal power-new energy-energy storage supporting power supply, and then provides scientific and reasonable analysis methods for system staff, which is of great significance in engineering practice, power grid planning and construction, and energy and power security.
如图5所示为本发明系统的功能模块示意图:本发明公开的这种实现所述高比例新能源系统中火电-储能调节需求判定方法的系统,包括数据获取模块、平衡表达模块、平衡判定模块、约束构建模块、指标构建模块和判定模块;数据获取模块、平衡表达模块、平衡判定模块、约束构建模块、指标构建模块和判定模块依次串联;数据获取模块用于获取目标电力系统的数据信息,并将数据上传平衡表达模块;平衡表达模块用于根据接收到的数据,构建功率平衡表达式,并将数据上传平衡判定模块;平衡判定模块用于根据接收到的数据,对目标电力系统在典型日下的电量平衡状态进行判定,并将数据上传约束构建模块;约束构建模块用于根据接收到的数据,构建目标电力系统在满足高峰负荷时的电力需求约束条件,并将数据上传指标构建模块;指标构建模块用于根据接收到的数据,构建支撑性电源容量效益指标和支撑性电源容量替代效益指标,并将数据上传判定模块;判定模块用于根据接收到的数据,完成高比例新能源系统中火电-储能调节需求的判定。As shown in Figure 5, it is a schematic diagram of the functional modules of the system of the present invention: the system disclosed in the present invention for realizing the method for determining the thermal power-storage regulation demand in the high-proportion new energy system includes a data acquisition module, a balance expression module, a balance determination module, a constraint construction module, an index construction module and a determination module; the data acquisition module, the balance expression module, the balance determination module, the constraint construction module, the index construction module and the determination module are connected in series in sequence; the data acquisition module is used to acquire data information of the target power system and upload the data to the balance expression module; the balance expression module is used to construct a power balance expression according to the received data and upload the data to the balance determination module; the balance determination module is used to determine the power balance state of the target power system on a typical day according to the received data and upload the data to the constraint construction module; the constraint construction module is used to construct the power demand constraint conditions of the target power system when meeting the peak load according to the received data and upload the data to the index construction module; the index construction module is used to construct a supporting power capacity benefit indicator and a supporting power capacity substitution benefit indicator according to the received data and upload the data to the determination module; the determination module is used to complete the determination of the thermal power-storage regulation demand in the high-proportion new energy system according to the received data.
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