CN115417715A - Potassium phosphite foliar fertilizer and application thereof in preventing and treating cotton verticillium wilt - Google Patents
Potassium phosphite foliar fertilizer and application thereof in preventing and treating cotton verticillium wilt Download PDFInfo
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- potassium phosphite
- foliar fertilizer
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- phosphite
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- 239000005819 Potassium phosphonate Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- YXXXKCDYKKSZHL-UHFFFAOYSA-M dipotassium;dioxido(oxo)phosphanium Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][P+]([O-])=O YXXXKCDYKKSZHL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 241000082085 Verticillium <Phyllachorales> Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 241000219146 Gossypium Species 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 240000002024 Gossypium herbaceum Species 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 235000004341 Gossypium herbaceum Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycerol group Chemical group OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- -1 ethoxy modified trisiloxane Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 108010064470 polyaspartate Proteins 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000805 Polyaspartic acid Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920005551 calcium lignosulfonate Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- XBMOWLAOINHDLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipotassium;hydrogen phosphite Chemical compound [K+].[K+].OP([O-])[O-] XBMOWLAOINHDLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004220 glutamic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- BZHCGFBZBPVRFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N monopotassium phosphite Chemical compound [K+].OP(O)[O-] BZHCGFBZBPVRFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 19
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 abstract description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 abstract description 2
- RDXARWSSOJYNLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N [P].[K] Chemical compound [P].[K] RDXARWSSOJYNLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910001380 potassium hypophosphite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- CRGPNLUFHHUKCM-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium phosphinate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]P=O CRGPNLUFHHUKCM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 15
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 14
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 14
- 230000006806 disease prevention Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 5
- WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-VKHMYHEASA-N L-glutamic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC(O)=O WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000417 fungicide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 2
- WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glutamic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CCC(O)=O WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229930195712 glutamate Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 235000013922 glutamic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 2
- OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)O OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000063299 Bacillus subtilis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000223221 Fusarium oxysporum Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001670203 Peronospora manshurica Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000233618 Phytophthora cinnamomi Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000370518 Phytophthora ramorum Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010042434 Sudden death Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241001123668 Verticillium dahliae Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000443 biocontrol Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- RYAGRZNBULDMBW-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;3-(2-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-[2-methoxy-4-(3-sulfonatopropyl)phenoxy]propane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].COC1=CC=CC(CC(CS([O-])(=O)=O)OC=2C(=CC(CCCS([O-])(=O)=O)=CC=2)OC)=C1O RYAGRZNBULDMBW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012343 cottonseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003967 crop rotation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000817 effect on oomycetes Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003906 humectant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000411 inducer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009335 monocropping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006283 soil fumigant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
- A01N59/26—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
- A01P21/00—Plant growth regulators
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B17/00—Other phosphatic fertilisers, e.g. soft rock phosphates, bone meal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/70—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting wettability, e.g. drying agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
- C05G5/23—Solutions
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a potassium phosphite foliar fertilizer and application thereof in preventing and treating cotton verticillium wilt, wherein the foliar fertilizer comprises 5-20% of potassium phosphite, 9-20% of auxiliary agent and the balance of water. Firstly, dissolving potassium phosphite in water to form a water phase, dissolving an auxiliary agent in ethanol to form an oil phase, then slowly adding the oil phase into the water phase which is sheared at a high speed of 150-200 r/min in batches, homogenizing, emulsifying and filtering to obtain the potassium phosphite foliar fertilizer. The potassium hypophosphite foliar fertilizer is sprayed on cotton plants in the middle and late ten days of 6 months and early 7 months, the dosage of each time is 200-800 times of dilution, and the application is carried out for 1-2 times, so that the verticillium wilt of cotton can be effectively prevented and treated, the yield of the cotton is increased, and the fiber quality is improved. The preparation method has simple and convenient process, easy operation and higher production efficiency, and the potassium phosphite serving as a non-pesticide compound can be absorbed and utilized by plants as a phosphorus-potassium fertilizer, has induced disease resistance, greatly reduces the residue of the pesticide compound and has good control effect on cotton verticillium wilt.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of crop disease control, and particularly relates to a potassium phosphite foliar fertilizer and application thereof in cotton verticillium wilt control.
Background
The cotton is an important economic crop, and due to continuous cropping and returning of cotton stalks to fields, the accumulation of disease residues in soil is increased, and the occurrence of cotton verticillium wilt as soil-borne diseases is increased year by year. Survey shows that the field ratio of the verticillium wilt of Xinjiang cotton exceeds 50%, and the verticillium wilt becomes an important factor for restricting the production of Xinjiang cotton. Researchers at home and abroad have conducted a great deal of research, such as breeding resistant varieties, crop rotation, developing soil fumigants and chemical fungicides, and recently emerging microbial agents. Unfortunately, there are no highly resistant cotton varieties due to lack of host resistant germplasm resources; biocontrol bacteria taking bacillus subtilis as a core are influenced by soil environment and climate, and the prevention and control effect is unstable; chemical fungicides are compelled to be selected as a main measure for preventing and treating cotton verticillium wilt. However, long-term use of chemical fungicides not only poses a threat to the ecological environment and human health, but also improves the resistance of verticillium dahliae. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop an environment-friendly measure for effectively controlling cotton verticillium wilt.
In recent years, a medicine and fertilizer integrated technical product is gradually favored by people, and has the advantages of time and labor saving, safety, simplicity, convenience, greenness, low carbon and the like in operation due to the functions of balanced fertilization, comprehensive nutrition, broad spectrum, high efficiency, medicine and fertilizer combination and mutual promotion and synergism, so that the medicine and fertilizer integrated technical product can serve multiple purposes. Potassium phosphite is used as a novel plant resistance inducer, has the dual-purpose effect of both medicine and fertilizer, has the effect of increasing production and resisting diseases for crops, has been successfully used for disease control caused by various pathogenic bacteria such as sudden death pathogen P.ramorum, phytophthora cinnamomi P.cinnaomi, downy mildew P.manshurica, fusarium oxysporum F.oxysporum and the like, and particularly has obvious control effect on oomycete diseases. However, researches on potassium phosphite for preventing and controlling cotton verticillium wilt are rarely reported, so that the research and development of cotton verticillium wilt green prevention and control technology products taking potassium phosphite as a core have important significance for enriching the standard production technology system of high-quality cotton in Xinjiang and promoting the yield and income increase of cotton farmers.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the defects, the invention provides a potassium phosphite foliar fertilizer for preventing and treating cotton verticillium wilt, which consists of potassium phosphite, an auxiliary agent and the balance of water, wherein the potassium phosphite accounts for 5-20% of the weight of the foliar fertilizer; the weight ratio of the auxiliary agent in the foliar fertilizer is 9-20%.
Furthermore, the potassium phosphite is one or two of potassium dihydrogen phosphite and dipotassium hydrogen phosphite, and the source of the potassium phosphite is not particularly limited in the invention.
Further, the auxiliary agent comprises: synergist, dispersant, wetting agent and osmotic diffuser.
Further, the weight ratio of each component in the foliar fertilizer is as follows: 2-4% of synergist, 1-3% of dispersant, 1-3% of wetting agent and 5-10% of osmotic diffuser.
Further, the synergist is one or more of poly-gamma-glutamic acid, poly-gamma-glutamate, poly-aspartic acid and poly-aspartate thereof.
Further, the dispersing agent is one or two of calcium lignosulphonate and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.
Further, the humectant is glycerin.
Further, the penetration diffusion agent is one or two of ethoxy modified trisiloxane and polyether modified polysiloxane.
The invention also discloses a method for preparing the potassium phosphite foliar fertilizer, which comprises the following steps:
dissolving potassium phosphite in water to form a water phase, dissolving an auxiliary agent in ethanol to form an oil phase, then slowly adding the oil phase into the water phase which is sheared at a high speed of 150-200 r/min in batches, homogenizing, emulsifying and filtering to obtain the water-soluble potassium phosphite foliar fertilizer.
The invention also discloses a potassium phosphite foliar fertilizer prepared by the preparation method.
The invention also discloses application of any potassium phosphite foliar fertilizer in preventing and treating cotton verticillium wilt.
Further, the application comprises:
the potassium phosphite foliar fertilizer is sprayed on cotton plants in the middle and last ten days of 6 months and in the beginning of 7 months, the dosage of each time is 200-800 times of dilution, and the application is carried out for 1-2 times, so that the cotton verticillium wilt can be effectively prevented and treated, the cotton yield is increased, and the fiber quality is improved.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a foliar fertilizer consisting of potassium phosphite, an auxiliary agent and the balance of water, wherein the potassium phosphite is used as a non-pesticide compound, can be absorbed and utilized by plants as a phosphorus-potassium fertilizer, has induced disease resistance, and greatly reduces the residue of the pesticide compound. The foliar fertilizer consisting of the potassium phosphite, the auxiliary agent and the balance of water has good control effect on cotton verticillium wilt, further improves the cotton yield and improves the fiber quality.
The preparation method has simple and convenient process, easy operation and higher production efficiency.
Detailed Description
The experimental procedures in the following examples are all conventional ones unless otherwise specified. The test materials used in the following examples were all commercially available unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
Preparation of 15% potassium phosphite foliar fertilizer
In the embodiment, the weight ratio of the potassium phosphite in the foliar fertilizer is 15%, wherein the potassium phosphite is any mixture of potassium dihydrogen phosphite and dipotassium hydrogen phosphite; the auxiliary agent comprises a synergist, a dispersant, a wetting agent and a penetration and diffusion agent, and the contents of the components in the weight ratio of the foliar fertilizer are respectively as follows: 3% of synergist, 1% of dispersant, 2% of wetting agent and 5% of penetration and diffusion agent. The synergist is the arbitrary mixture of poly gamma glutamic acid and poly gamma glutamate, the dispersant is calcium lignosulphonate, the wetting agent is glycerol, and the penetrating and diffusing agent is polyether modified polyorganosiloxane.
Firstly, dissolving potassium phosphite in water to form a water phase, dissolving an auxiliary agent in ethanol to form an oil phase, then slowly adding the oil phase into the water phase which is sheared at a high speed of 150-200 r/min in batches, homogenizing, emulsifying and filtering to obtain the water-soluble potassium phosphite foliar fertilizer.
Example 2
Preparation of 5% potassium phosphite foliage fertilizer
In the embodiment, the weight ratio of the potassium phosphite in the foliar fertilizer is 5%, wherein the potassium phosphite is potassium dihydrogen phosphite; the auxiliary agent comprises a synergist, a dispersant, a wetting agent and a penetration and diffusion agent, and the contents of the components in the weight ratio of the foliar fertilizer are respectively as follows: 2% of synergist, 2% of dispersant, 3% of wetting agent and 8% of penetration and diffusion agent. The synergist is the mixture of polyaspartic acid and polyaspartic acid salts, the dispersant is sodium carboxymethylcellulose, the wetting agent is glycerol, and the osmotic diffuser is ethoxy modified trisiloxane.
The preparation method is the same as example 1.
Example 3
Preparation of 20% potassium phosphite foliar fertilizer
In the embodiment, the weight ratio of the potassium phosphite in the foliar fertilizer is 20%, wherein the potassium phosphite is dipotassium hydrogen phosphite; the auxiliary agent comprises a synergist, a dispersant, a wetting agent and a penetration and diffusion agent, and the contents of the components in the weight ratio of the foliar fertilizer are respectively as follows: 4% of synergist, 1% of dispersant, 3% of wetting agent and 10% of penetration and diffusion agent. The synergist is the arbitrary mixture of poly gamma glutamic acid and poly gamma glutamate, the dispersant is the arbitrary mixture of calcium lignosulfonate and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, the wetting agent is glycerin, and the osmotic diffusion agent is ethoxy modified trisiloxane.
The preparation method is the same as example 1.
Test example 1
Disease prevention effect of potassium phosphite foliar fertilizer in greenhouse
Uniformly mixing soil of Xinjiang cotton fields for continuously planting cotton and vermiculite according to the volume ratio of 2: 3, subpackaging the mixture into paper bowls (diameter is 6cm, height is 10 cm), watering and moistening nutrient soil, dispersedly placing 10 cotton seeds in each paper bowl, covering sand soil with the thickness of 1cm, pressing and flattening, treating 10 paper bowls each, repeating for 3 times, and counting 30 paper bowls. And after sowing, tending and managing according to a conventional method, and keeping 5-6 seedlings in each pot. When the 1 st leaf of the cotton is flat, verticillium wilt bacterium inoculation is carried out, and 10mL spore suspension (the spore content is 1X 10) is inoculated in each paper pot 7 mL -1 ) And spraying the potassium phosphite foliar fertilizer obtained in the embodiment 1, the embodiment 2 and the embodiment 3 days and 10 days after inoculation, wherein the dilution multiple is 500 times, tracking and monitoring the growth condition of cotton, and investigating the disease symptoms of cotton verticillium wilt 12 days and 20 days after inoculation. After 25 days of inoculation, biomass indexes such as plant height, root length, fresh substance quality and the like of 8 cotton plants are randomly measured in each treatment. The results are shown in tables 1 and 2, the cotton sprayed with the potassium phosphite foliar fertilizer can obviously reduce the verticillium wilt of the cotton, the disease index 12.49-14.12 days after inoculation, the disease prevention effect 46.13-52.35%, the disease index 20 days after inoculation is 22.56-29.58, and the disease prevention effect is 38.71-53.25%. The potassium phosphite foliar fertilizer also has a remarkable promotion effect on cotton biomass, wherein the plant height of the cotton in the treatment group 1 is 11.47cm, and is remarkably increased by 16.21% compared with a control; the root length is 10.23cm, and is increased by 12.79 percent compared with the control; the mass of the fresh substances on the underground part is 0.68g, which is obviously increased by 23.64 percent compared with the control, and the mass of the fresh substances on the underground part is 0.20g, which is increased by 5.26 percent compared with the control.
TABLE 1 prevention and treatment of cotton verticillium wilt by spraying phosphite leaf fertilizer in greenhouse
Note: the difference in lower case letters in the same column indicates significant difference (P < 0.05).
TABLE 2 influence of spraying phosphite foliar fertilizer on Cotton Biomass in greenhouse
Note: the difference in lower case letters in the same column indicates significant difference (P < 0.05).
Test example 2 disease prevention effect of potassium phosphite foliar fertilizer in field
The foliar fertilizers of potassium phosphite obtained in the examples 1, 2 and 3 were subjected to field experiments, and the disease prevention effect on cotton verticillium wilt after spraying the foliar fertilizers of potassium phosphite was identified. The field test is carried out in Jinghe county of Xinjiang, and the land parcels with relatively uniform fertility, flat terrain and high verticillium wilt are selected as the test field. The experiment is provided with 4 treatments, random block arrangement and three times of repetition, and the area of a cell is 100m 2 . The planting density is 9000-10000 plants/666.67 m 2 And in the one-film three-row planting mode, field management is carried out according to a high-quality cotton cultivation technology.
Treatment group 1: the potassium phosphite foliar fertilizer obtained in the embodiment 1 is sprayed at the bud emergence initial stage of cotton, the dilution multiple is 200 times, and the potassium phosphite foliar fertilizer is applied for 2 times in 10 days;
treatment group 2: the potassium phosphite foliar fertilizer obtained in the embodiment 2 is sprayed at the bud emergence initial stage of cotton, the dilution multiple is 200 times, and the potassium phosphite foliar fertilizer is applied for 2 times in 10 days;
treatment group 3: the potassium phosphite foliar fertilizer obtained in the embodiment 3 is sprayed at the bud emergence initial stage of cotton, the dilution multiple is 200 times, and the potassium phosphite foliar fertilizer is applied for 2 times in 10 days;
control group: the same method and amount of clear water was applied as in the treatment group.
Spraying potassium phosphite foliar fertilizer respectively on 15 days at 6 months and 25 days at 6 months, investigating the disease incidence of cotton verticillium wilt in 20 days at 7 months and 2 days at 8 months, and performing field investigation and seed test in 20 days at 9 months (2 points are randomly extracted from each cell, 15 plants are continuously taken from each point for field investigation and seed test, the number of bolls forming and dropping are investigated, and 30 bolls are picked and weighed in a single boll chamber). The cotton picking is started in 1 day in 10 months, the cotton picking is completed in 15 days in 10 months, and the single harvest in each cell in the harvesting period is called cumulative yield counting. The results are shown in tables 3 and 4, the cotton sprayed with the potassium phosphite foliar fertilizer can obviously reduce the harm of cotton verticillium wilt, the disease index of the cotton verticillium wilt in 7 months and 20 days is 7.62 to 10.47, the disease prevention effect is 35.41 to 52.99 percent, the disease index in 8 months and 2 days is 15.63 to 18.06 percent, and the disease prevention effect is 52.92 to 59.25 percent. The potassium phosphite foliar fertilizer has obvious yield increase effect on the cotton yield, the cotton boll number per mu sprayed with the potassium phosphite foliar fertilizer is 76248-78167, the cotton yield per mu is increased by 11.56-14.36% compared with a control group, the cotton yield per mu is 393.67-405.42 kg, the cotton yield per mu is increased by 5.03-8.16% compared with the control group, and all the effects reach obvious difference levels.
TABLE 3 prevention and cure effect of potassium phosphite foliar fertilizer on cotton verticillium wilt sprayed in field
| Survey point | Disease index of 7 months and 20 days | The control effect% | Disease index of 8 months and 2 days | The control effect is% |
| Treatment group 1 | 7.62±2.49b | 52.99 | 15.63±4.09b | 59.25 |
| Treatment group 2 | 10.12±0.42b | 37.57 | 18.06±2.19b | 52.92 |
| Treatment group 3 | 10.47±0.80b | 35.41 | 17.08±2.37b | 55.47 |
| Control group | 16.21±1.76a | / | 38.36±5.39a | / |
Note: the lower case letters in the same column indicate significant differences (P < 0.05).
TABLE 4 influence of spraying potassium phosphite foliar fertilizer on cotton yield in field
| Survey point | Number of bolls per mu | Increase the amplitude of | Yield per unit area/kg | Increase the amplitude of | 30 cotton bolls/g | Increase the amplitude of | 30 cotton bolls/g | Increase the amplitude of |
| Treatment group 1 | 78167a | 14.36 | 405.42a | 8.16 | 205.57a | 1.22 | 93.88a | 0.69 |
| Treatment group 2 | 76248a | 11.56 | 393.67a | 5.03 | 205.16a | 1.02 | 94.41a | 1.25 |
| Treatment group 3 | 77625a | 13.57 | 400.38a | 6.82 | 203.43a | 0.17 | 94.52a | 1.37 |
| Control group | 68350b | / | 374.83b | / | 203.09a | / | 93.24a | / |
Note: the lower case letters in the same column indicate significant differences (P < 0.05).
In conclusion, the potassium phosphite foliar fertilizer is sprayed to effectively prevent and treat the cotton verticillium wilt, the prevention and treatment effect is more than 35%, the cotton yield can be remarkably increased, the amplification is more than 5%, in addition, the fiber quality can be improved, the establishment of a green prevention and control demonstration area of the Xinjiang cotton verticillium wilt is powerfully promoted, the technical level of local cotton planting is improved, and cotton farmers are helped to increase income and become rich.
The embodiments of the present invention are not exhaustive, and those skilled in the art can select them from the existing technologies.
The above disclosure is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and shall be covered by the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the following claims.
Claims (10)
1. The potassium phosphite foliar fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass:
5 to 20 percent of potassium phosphite;
9-20% of an auxiliary agent; and
the balance being water.
2. A potassium phosphite foliar fertilizer as set forth in claim 1 wherein:
the potassium phosphite is one or two of potassium dihydrogen phosphite and dipotassium hydrogen phosphite.
3. A potassium phosphite foliar fertilizer as set forth in claim 1, wherein:
the auxiliary agent comprises: synergist, dispersant, wetting agent and osmotic diffusion agent.
4. A potassium phosphite foliar fertilizer as set forth in claim 3 wherein:
the contents of the components in the weight ratio of the foliar fertilizer are respectively as follows:
2-4% of synergist, 1-3% of dispersant, 1-3% of wetting agent and 5-10% of osmotic diffuser.
5. A potassium phosphite foliar fertilizer as set forth in claim 3, wherein:
the synergist is one or more of poly-gamma-glutamic acid, poly-gamma-glutamate, poly-aspartic acid and poly-aspartate thereof;
the dispersing agent is one or two of calcium lignosulphonate and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose;
the wetting agent is glycerol;
the penetration diffusion agent is one or two of ethoxy modified trisiloxane and polyether modified polysiloxane.
6. A process for preparing a potassium phosphite foliar feed as claimed in claims 1-5, wherein:
dissolving potassium phosphite in water to form a water phase;
dissolving an auxiliary agent in an organic solvent to form an oil phase;
and then adding the oil phase into the high-speed sheared water phase in batches, homogenizing, emulsifying and filtering to obtain the potassium phosphite foliar fertilizer.
7. The production method according to claim 6, wherein:
the organic solvent is ethanol;
the high-speed shearing rate is 150-200 r/min.
8. A foliar fertilizer of potassium phosphite prepared by the process according to claim 6 or 7.
9. The use of a potassium phosphite foliar fertilizer as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5 or 8 in the control of cotton verticillium wilt.
10. The use according to claim 9, comprising:
spraying the potassium phosphite foliar fertilizer to cotton plants in the middle and late ten days of 6 months and in the beginning of 7 months, wherein the dosage of each time is 200-800 times of dilution, and the application is carried out for 1-2 times.
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Application publication date: 20221202 |