CN115417638B - 3D printing building material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
3D printing building material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115417638B CN115417638B CN202211003659.3A CN202211003659A CN115417638B CN 115417638 B CN115417638 B CN 115417638B CN 202211003659 A CN202211003659 A CN 202211003659A CN 115417638 B CN115417638 B CN 115417638B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
- B33Y70/10—Composites of different types of material, e.g. mixtures of ceramics and polymers or mixtures of metals and biomaterials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
- C04B40/0039—Premixtures of ingredients
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/60—Agents for protection against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2103/608—Anti-oxidants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00034—Physico-chemical characteristics of the mixtures
- C04B2111/00181—Mixtures specially adapted for three-dimensional printing (3DP), stereo-lithography or prototyping
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of 3D printing building materials, and particularly discloses a 3D printing building material and a preparation method thereof. The 3D printing building material provided by the application comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40-70 parts of Portland cement, 15-25 parts of glass fiber and 5-12 parts of acrylic resin; further, the 3D printing building material may further include the following components in parts by weight: 50-65 parts of Portland cement, 18-22 parts of glass fiber and 6-10 parts of acrylic resin; and provides a preparation method of the 3D printing building material. The application can shorten the setting time of the 3D printing building material and improve the defects of poor firmness, easy deformation and easy aging of the 3D printing building material.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of 3D printing building materials, in particular to a 3D printing building material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The 3D printing technology is a technology for realizing rapid forming by means of light curing, paper lamination and the like, and the principle is basically similar to that of a common printer, namely, the printer is firstly related to a computer, and then materials in the printer are printed into a real object in a layer-by-layer superposition mode according to a blueprint designed by the computer. Currently, 3D printing techniques have been widely used in the fields of clothing, construction, automobiles, medical treatment, machinery, and the like.
In recent years, scientists have utilized 3D printing technology to construct buildings, which has the advantages of low building cost, less waste of building materials, high automation degree, high construction speed, and even free design. The core of the building manufactured by using the 3D printing technology is the ink (3D printing building material) adopted in the printer, and the current 3D printing building material is mainly cement-based gel material, but the cement-based gel material has poor firmness, easy deformation and easy aging due to long hydration time, slow setting speed and poor material toughness, so that the application and development of the building manufactured by using the 3D printing technology are greatly hindered. Therefore, providing a 3D printing building material with excellent usability is a key to promote the rapid development of 3D printing building technology.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to shorten the setting and curing time of the 3D printing building material and overcome the defects of poor firmness, easy deformation and easy aging of the 3D printing building, the application provides the 3D printing building material and a preparation method thereof.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a 3D printed building material, which adopts the following technical scheme:
the 3D printing building material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40-70 parts of silicate cement, 15-25 parts of glass fiber and 5-12 parts of acrylic resin.
The 3D printing building material is prepared by silicate cement, glass fiber, acrylic resin and the like, has good water solubility, good bleeding resistance and segregation resistance, high coagulation speed and excellent compressive strength, and is very suitable for building materials of 3D printing buildings. The silicate cement is used as a main material of the 3D printing building material to provide basic strength for the building, but the silicate cement is low in setting and curing speed and early strength, so that the continuous operation progress of the 3D printing building is greatly limited. The acrylic resin has good water solubility and high coagulation speed, and the addition of the acrylic resin can not only accelerate the coagulation and solidification speed of the 3D printing building material, but also further improve the strength of the 3D printing building and reduce the bleeding and segregation phenomena of the 3D printing building material. Glass fiber is an excellent inorganic nonmetallic material, and in the 3D printing process, in order to enable the 3D printing building material to form strength quickly, and under the condition of continuous operation, the slump of cement is controlled, the viscosity of the mixture can be improved by the glass fiber, the slump is reduced, and therefore the construction performance of the 3D printing building material is ensured to be excellent.
Preferably, the 3D printing building material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-65 parts of silicate cement, 18-22 parts of glass fiber and 6-10 parts of acrylic resin.
In some embodiments, the glass fibers may be 18-20 parts or 20-22 parts.
In a specific embodiment, the glass fibers may also be 18 parts, 20 parts, or 22 parts.
In some embodiments, the acrylic resin may be 6-8 parts or 8-10 parts.
In a specific embodiment, the acrylic resin may also be 6 parts, 8 parts, or 10 parts.
According to the application, the weight parts of the glass fiber and the acrylic resin are further controlled within the range, so that the 3D printing building material with more proper viscosity and higher coagulation and solidification speed can be obtained, and the 3D printing building material can ensure continuous operation in the 3D printing building construction process, thereby greatly shortening the construction time. And the building obtained by using the 3D printing building material has good compressive strength and long service life.
Preferably, the glass fiber is modified by a silane coupling agent.
Preferably, the silane coupling agent is selected from KH550, KH560 and KH570.
Because the main components of the glass fiber comprise silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, calcium oxide and the like, calcium hydroxide can be precipitated from calcium oxide in silicate cement through hydration, and the calcium hydroxide can react with the silicon dioxide in the glass fiber, the carbon-oxygen skeleton of the glass fiber is damaged through long-time contact, the strength of the glass fiber is gradually deteriorated, and finally the strength of a building is reduced, so that the service life of the building is influenced. The application utilizes the silane coupling agent to modify the glass fiber, on one hand, the bonding degree between the glass fiber and the acrylic resin can be improved, and on the other hand, the coating of the coupling agent on the surface of the glass fiber can effectively avoid the direct contact between the glass fiber and the silicate cement, thereby preventing the carbon-oxygen skeleton in the glass fiber from being damaged and ensuring that the building can maintain excellent compressive strength for a long time.
Preferably, the 3D printed building material further comprises an antioxidant; the antioxidant is selected from 2- (2 '-hydroxy-3', 5 '-di-tert-phenyl) -5-chlorinated benzotriazole, tris (2, 4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite and N, N' -bis (3- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionyl) propanediamine.
Further preferred, the antioxidant is a mixture of 2- (2 '-hydroxy-3', 5 '-di-tert-phenyl) -5-chlorinated benzotriazole, the tris (2, 4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite and the N, N' -bis (3- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionyl) propanediamine; the weight ratio of the 2- (2 '-hydroxy-3', 5 '-di-tert-phenyl) -5-chlorinated benzotriazole, the tris (2, 4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite and the N, N' -bis (3- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionyl) propanediamine is 1: (0.5-1.5): (1-3).
In some embodiments, the weight ratio of 2- (2 '-hydroxy-3', 5 '-di-tert-phenyl) -5-chlorinated benzotriazole, tris (2, 4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite, and N, N' -bis (3- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionyl) propanediamine may be 1:1: (1-2), 1:1: (2-3), 1: (0.5-1): 2 or 1: (1-1.5): 2.
in a specific embodiment, the weight ratio of 2- (2 '-hydroxy-3', 5 '-di-tert-phenyl) -5-chlorinated benzotriazole, tris (2, 4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite and N, N' -bis (3- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionyl) propanediamine may also be 1:1: 1. 1:1: 2. 1:1: 3. 1:0.5:2 or 1:1.5:2.
the 3D printing building material provided by the application further comprises an antioxidant, the antioxidant can reduce photo-aging and oxidative degradation of polyacrylamide in the 3D printing building material, and the mechanical property of the 3D printing building material is ensured. According to the application, the mixture of 2- (2 '-hydroxy-3', 5 '-di-tert-phenyl) -5-chloridized benzotriazole, tri (2, 4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite and N, N' -bis (3- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionyl) propanediamine is selected as the antioxidant of the 3D printing building material, and the weight ratio of the three components is controlled within the range, so that the obtained antioxidant has better compatibility with other components in the 3D printing building material and better antioxidant effect.
Preferably, the 3D printing building material further comprises a water reducing agent, an accelerator and a filler.
Preferably, the water reducing agent is selected from the group consisting of polycarboxylate water reducing agents, naphthalene-based water reducing agents and aliphatic water reducing agents.
Preferably, the accelerator is selected from the group consisting of calcium fluoroaluminate, magnesium fluorosilicate, aluminoxy clinker, and polyacrylic acid.
Preferably, the filler is selected from quartz sand and calcium magnesium powder.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a method of making a 3D printed building material.
A method for preparing a 3D printed building material, comprising the steps of: firstly, adding glass fiber, acrylic resin and filler into water, and uniformly mixing to obtain premix; and then sequentially adding the silicate cement, the water reducing agent and the accelerator into the premix, and uniformly stirring to obtain the 3D printing building material.
According to the application, the glass fiber, the acrylic resin and the filler are added into water, the acrylic resin is firstly dissolved in the water and covers the surface of the glass fiber, and then the silicate cement is added into the premix to be mixed with each component, so that calcium hydroxide generated by hydration of the silicate cement can be effectively prevented from directly contacting with the glass fiber, and damage to the glass fiber is caused. Therefore, the 3D printing building material can maintain excellent mechanical properties by adopting the preparation method.
In summary, the application has the following beneficial effects:
1. the 3D printing building material is prepared from Portland cement, glass fiber, acrylic resin and the like, and has the advantages of good water solubility, good bleeding resistance, good segregation resistance, high coagulation speed and excellent compression resistance. The 3D printing building material has the advantages of high setting and curing speed, short construction time, continuous operation and the like, and the obtained building prefabricated member has setting time of 29-45min,28D compressive strength of 46.1-56.8Mpa and 28D tensile bonding strength of 1.53-1.82Mpa.
2. The application further adopts the silane coupling agent to modify the glass fiber, firstly, the bonding between the glass fiber and the acrylic resin can be improved, and the tensile bonding strength of the 3D printing building material is improved to 1.83Mpa; secondly, the influence of silicate cement on the strength of glass fibers can be effectively avoided, and the excellent compressive strength of the 3D printing building material is ensured.
3. The 3D printing building material provided by the application further comprises an antioxidant, the antioxidant is added to improve the ageing resistance of the 3D printing building material, and the building prefabricated member constructed by the 3D printing building material containing the antioxidant has the compressive strength reduced by less than 7% after the prefabricated member is subjected to a 7D ultraviolet light accelerated ageing test; and further, when an antioxidant is a mixture of 2- (2 '-hydroxy-3', 5 '-di-tert-phenyl) -5-chlorobenzotriazole, tris (2, 4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite and N, N' -bis (3- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionyl) propanediamine, the obtained building preform has a decrease in compressive strength of < 5% after 7d ultraviolet light accelerated aging test.
Detailed Description
The application provides a 3D printing building material which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40-70 parts of Portland cement, 15-25 parts of glass fiber, 5-12 parts of acrylic resin, 2-3 parts of water reducer, 2-3 parts of accelerator, 4-7 parts of filler and 20-30 parts of water. The 3D printing building material can also comprise the following components in parts by weight: 50-65 parts of Portland cement, 18-22 parts of glass fiber, 6-10 parts of acrylic resin, 2-3 parts of water reducer, 2-3 parts of accelerator, 4-7 parts of filler and 20-30 parts of water.
Further, the glass fiber can be modified by a silane coupling agent; the silane coupling agent is selected from KH550, KH560 and KH570.
Still further, the 3D printing building material further comprises 4-7 parts of an antioxidant; the antioxidant is selected from 2- (2 '-hydroxy-3', 5 '-di-tert-phenyl) -5-chlorinated benzotriazole, tris (2, 4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite and N, N' -bis (3- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionyl) propanediamine. Further, the antioxidant may be a mixture of 2- (2 '-hydroxy-3', 5 '-di-tert-phenyl) -5-chlorinated benzotriazole, tris (2, 4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite and N, N' -bis (3- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionyl) propanediamine; the weight ratio of the 2- (2 '-hydroxy-3', 5 '-di-tert-phenyl) -5-chlorinated benzotriazole, the tris (2, 4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite and the N, N' -bis (3- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionyl) propanediamine may be 1: (0.5-1.5): (1-3).
The preparation method of the 3D printing building material provided by the application comprises the following steps: firstly, adding glass fiber, acrylic resin and filler into a stirrer containing water, and uniformly mixing to obtain premix; and then sequentially adding the silicate cement, the water reducing agent and the accelerator into the premix, and uniformly stirring to obtain the 3D printing building material.
In the embodiment of the application, the glass fiber is 6mm alkali-free glass fiber; the silicate cement is PO42.5 silicate cement; 2- (2 ' -hydroxy-3 ',5' -di-tert-phenyl) -5-chlorobenzotriazole having a CAS number of 3864-99-1; tris (2, 4-di-t-butylphenyl) phosphite having a CAS number of 173584-44-6; n, N' -bis (3- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionyl) propanediamine with CAS number 69851-61-2; the water reducer is a polycarboxylate water reducer, and the model is Hua Xuan KH-D1-X; the accelerator is magnesium fluosilicate, which is purchased from Hubei-collar-Xinjiang technology Co; the filler is calcium magnesium powder, which is purchased from snow peak powder limited company in Shanggao county in Jiangxi. The remaining materials, reagents, solvents, and the like are commercially available.
In the application, the specific method for modifying the glass fiber by the silane coupling agent is as follows: catechol 2mM, tetraethylenepentamine 0.6mM were dissolved in 150mL of water, and pH was adjusted to 9 with 10% NaOH to obtain a mixed solution; then placing the glass fiber into the mixed aqueous solution, and stirring for 5 hours; continuously adding 1.5mL of silane coupling agent into the mixed solution, and continuously stirring for 0.5h; and (3) raising the reaction temperature to 65 ℃, and stirring and reacting for 5 hours at the temperature to obtain the silane coupling agent modified glass fiber.
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to examples, comparative examples and performance test.
Examples
Examples 1 to 9
Examples 1-9 provide a 3D printed building material, respectively.
The above-described embodiments differ in that: the addition amount of glass fiber or acrylic resin in the 3D printing building material is specifically shown in table 1.
The preparation method of the 3D printing building material provided in example 3 is as follows: firstly, adding 20g of glass fiber, 8g of acrylic resin and 6g of filler into a stirrer containing 25g of water, and uniformly mixing to obtain premix; then 60g of Portland cement, 2.5g of water reducer and 2.5g of accelerator are added into the premix in sequence and stirred uniformly, thus obtaining the 3D printing building material.
Table 1 examples 1-9 provide additive amounts of a part of the components in 3D printed building materials
Example 10
Embodiment 10 provides a 3D printed building material.
The above embodiment differs from embodiment 3 in that: the glass fibers in the 3D printed building material provided in example 10 were modified by KH570.
Example 11
Example 11 provides a 3D printed building material.
The above embodiment differs from embodiment 3 in that: the glass fibers in the 3D printed building material provided in example 10 were KH550 modified glass fibers.
Example 12
Example 12 provides a 3D printed building material.
The above embodiment differs from embodiment 3 in that: the glass fiber in the 3D printing building material provided in example 10 is a titanate coupling agent modified glass fiber; the model of the titanate coupling agent is ZJ401.
The specific method for modifying the glass fiber by the titanate coupling agent is as follows: catechol 2mM, tetraethylenepentamine 0.6mM were dissolved in 150mL of water, and pH was adjusted to 9 with 10% NaOH to obtain a mixed solution; then placing the glass fiber into the mixed aqueous solution, and stirring for 5 hours; continuously adding 1.5mL of titanate coupling agent ZJ401 into the mixed solution, and continuously stirring for 0.5h; and (3) raising the reaction temperature to 65 ℃, and stirring and reacting for 5 hours at the temperature to obtain the titanate coupling agent modified glass fiber.
Examples 13 to 20
Examples 13-20 provide a 3D printed building material, respectively.
The above embodiment differs from embodiment 10 in that: the 3D printed building material further comprises an antioxidant, and the antioxidant comprises the components and the addition amounts shown in table 2.
The preparation method of the 3D printing building material provided in example 14 is as follows: firstly, adding 20g of glass fiber, 8g of acrylic resin and 6g of filler into a stirrer filled with 25g of water, and uniformly mixing to obtain premix; then 60g of Portland cement, 6g of antioxidant, 2.5g of water reducer and 2.5g of accelerator are sequentially added into the premix, and the 3D printing building material can be obtained after uniform stirring.
Note that: in the following table: 2- (2 ' -hydroxy-3 ',5' -di-tert-phenyl) -5-chlorinated benzotriazole is represented by a; tris (2, 4-di-t-butylphenyl) phosphite represented by B; n, N' -bis (3- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionyl) propanediamine is denoted by C.
Table 2 antioxidant component and addition amount in 3D printed building materials provided in examples 13 to 20
Comparative example
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 provides a 3D printed building material.
The above comparative example differs from example 3 in that: the amount of each component in the building material is 3D printed.
Comparative example 1 provides a 3D printed building material in which: 40g of Portland cement, 10g of glass fiber, 15g of acrylic resin, 2.5g of water reducer, 2.5g of accelerator, 6g of filler and 25g of water.
Comparative example 2
Comparative example 2 provides a 3D printed building material.
The above comparative example differs from example 3 in that: 3D printing of components in building materials.
Comparative example 2 provides a 3D printed building material in which: 60g of Portland cement, 20g of carbon fiber, 8g of acrylic resin, 2.5g of water reducer, 2.5g of accelerator, 6g of filler and 25g of water.
Comparative example 3
Comparative example 3 provides a 3D printed building material.
The above comparative example differs from example 3 in that: 3D printing of components in building materials.
Comparative example 3 provides a 3D printed building material in which: 60g of Portland cement, 20g of steel fiber, 8g of acrylic resin, 2.5g of water reducer, 2.5g of accelerator, 6g of filler and 25g of water.
Comparative example 4
Comparative example 4 provides a 3D printed building material.
Comparative example 4 differs from example 3 in that: a preparation method of a 3D printing building material.
The preparation method of the 3D printing building material comprises the following steps: 20g of glass fiber, 8g of acrylic resin, 6g of filler, 60g of silicate cement, 6g of antioxidant, 2.5g of water reducer and 2.5g of accelerator are added into a stirrer with 25g of water for uniform mixing, and the 3D printing building material can be obtained.
Comparative example 5
Comparative example 5 provides a 3D printed building material.
The preparation method of the 3D printing building material comprises the following steps:
mixing silicate powder, polyethylene particles and antioxidant uniformly; heating at 170-190 ℃ for 1-5min until the molten polyethylene and antioxidant encapsulate silicate, thereby obtaining the 3D printing building material. Wherein the antioxidant is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 3: pentaerythritol tetrakis [ beta- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate ] of 2: n-stearyl β - (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate: mixtures of tris (2, 4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite.
Performance test
Mechanical property detection the setting and curing time, compressive strength and tensile bond strength of the 3D printed building materials provided in examples 1-12 and comparative examples 1-5 were detected as follows:
the test method comprises the following steps: firstly, injecting a 3D printing building material into a building 3D printer, and setting printing parameters; then starting a 3D printer, and spraying the 3D printing building materials from a spraying port to a base layer according to a set program to realize 3D printing; curing after the 3D printing building material is coagulated and cured, wherein the curing temperature is 20-30 ℃ and the curing time is 2-4 days, so that a building prefabricated member is obtained; and the compressive strength and the 28d tensile bonding strength of each building prefabricated member 1d, 7d and 28d are respectively tested; the results of the performance tests for the 3D printed building materials provided in examples 1-12, comparative examples 1-5 are shown in table 3 below.
The detection method comprises the following steps: setting and curing time is calculated by calculating the time taken from the ejection of the 3D printing building material to the setting and curing; the compressive strength test method refers to GB/T50080-2002; tensile bond strength test reference JC/T907-2002.
TABLE 3 Performance test results for 3D printed building materials provided in examples 1-12 and comparative examples 1-5
According to the detection results of Table 3, the setting and curing time of the 3D printing building materials provided by the embodiments 1-12 is 29-45min, and the 28D tensile bonding strength is more than 1.53Mpa; the 3D printing building material provided by the comparative example 5 has the advantages of setting and curing time of 55min,28D tensile bonding strength of 0.57Mpa, short setting and curing time, good bonding performance and the like, and the 3D printing building material prepared by adopting Portland cement, glass fiber and acrylic resin has the advantages of shortening the construction time and ensuring the building to have excellent compressive strength and tensile bonding strength.
From the examination of examples 1 to 9 and comparative example 1, the present application controls the addition amount of the components in the 3D printing building material within the following range: 40-70 parts of Portland cement, 15-25 parts of glass fiber and 5-12 parts of acrylic resin, wherein the setting and curing time of the obtained 3D printing building material is 29-45min, the 28D compressive strength is 46.1-56.8Mpa, and the 28D tensile bonding strength is 1.53-1.82Mpa; further comparison shows that the 3D printing building materials obtained in examples 2-4 and examples 7-8 have setting and curing time of 31-39min,28D compressive strength of 52.4-56.8Mpa,28D tensile bonding strength of 1.66-1.82Mpa, which shows that the components in the 3D printing building materials are controlled in the following ranges: 50-65 parts of Portland cement, 18-22 parts of glass fiber and 6-10 parts of acrylic resin, and the obtained 3D printing building material has more excellent comprehensive properties of setting and curing time, compressive strength and tensile bonding strength of a building prefabricated member.
From the results of the examination of examples 1 to 9 and comparative examples 2 to 3, it is understood that the tensile strength and the tensile bond strength of the building preform obtained in examples 1 to 9 of the present application are superior to those of the building preform obtained in comparative examples 2 to 3. Therefore, the 3D printing building material prepared by the glass fiber has better service performance, and the obtained building has better mechanical property.
The test results of comparative examples 3 and 4 show that the preparation method provided by the application comprises the steps of mixing glass fiber, acrylic resin and filler with water, and sequentially adding other components into premix, so that the service performance of the 3D printing building material can be improved, and the compressive strength and tensile bonding strength of the building can be further improved.
According to the detection results of the embodiment 3 and the embodiment 10-12, the embodiment 10-12 further adopts a silane coupling agent or a titanate coupling agent to modify glass fibers, and the compressive strength of the obtained building prefabricated member is improved; in particular, the 28d compressive strength of the building preform obtained from the silane coupling agent-modified glass fiber used in examples 10 to 11 was 59.4MPa, 58.9MPa, and 28d tensile bond strength was 1.83MPa, 1.73MPa, respectively. The application is explained that the silane coupling agent is adopted to modify the glass fiber, so that the influence of silicate cement on the strength of the glass fiber can be reduced, and the compressive strength and tensile bonding strength of the building are improved, thereby ensuring that the building has good firmness and is not easy to deform.
Aging resistance detection
The 3D printed building materials provided in example 10, examples 13-20 were tested for aging resistance and the test results are shown in table 4.
The test method comprises the following steps: the 3D printing building materials provided in examples 13-20 are subjected to test methods in mechanical property detection to obtain building prefabricated parts; after 28d, the building preform was subjected to continuous irradiation with ultraviolet light for 7d for ultraviolet light accelerated aging, and after 7d, the compressive strength of the building preform was tested.
TABLE 4 ageing resistance test results for 3D printed building materials provided in example 10, examples 13-20
From the test results shown in table 4, the aging resistance of the 3D printed building materials provided in examples 13 to 20 of the present application is significantly better than that provided in example 10, which indicates that the addition of the antioxidant can significantly improve the aging resistance of the 3D printed building materials.
Further comparing the 3D printing building materials obtained using the antioxidants prepared using the mixture of 2- (2 '-hydroxy-3', 5 '-di-tert-phenyl) -5-chlorinated benzotriazole, tris (2, 4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite and N, N' -bis (3- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionyl) propanediamine provided in examples 13-17 were found to be superior in aging resistance to 3D printing building materials obtained using the antioxidants prepared using any two of 2- (2 '-hydroxy-3', 5 '-di-tert-phenyl) -5-chlorinated benzotriazole, tris (2, 4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite and N, N' -bis (3- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionyl) propanediamine provided in examples 18-20. Therefore, the present application is described as employing three antioxidants, and the addition amounts of the three antioxidants are controlled within the following ranges: 2- (2 ' -hydroxy-3 ',5' -di-tert-phenyl) -5-chlorinated benzotriazole: tris (2, 4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite: n, N' -bis (3- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionyl) propanediamine = 1: (0.5-1.5): (1-3), the obtained 3D printing building material has better ageing resistance, and the compressive strength of the building prefabricated member prepared by the 3D printing building material has a reduction rate of less than 5 percent after 7D ultraviolet light accelerated ageing.
In conclusion, the 3D printing building material provided by the application has the advantages of short setting and curing time, proper viscosity and good ageing resistance, and a building printed by using the 3D printing building material has excellent compressive strength and tensile bonding strength, so that the building material is good in firmness, not easy to deform and long in service life.
While the application has been described in detail in the foregoing general description and with reference to specific embodiments thereof, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications and improvements can be made thereto. Accordingly, such modifications or improvements may be made without departing from the spirit of the application and are intended to be within the scope of the application as claimed.
Claims (5)
1. The 3D printing building material is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 40-70 parts of Portland cement, 15-25 parts of glass fiber, 5-12 parts of acrylic resin, 4-7 parts of antioxidant, 2-3 parts of water reducer, 2-3 parts of accelerator, 4-7 parts of filler and 20-30 parts of water;
the antioxidant is a mixture of 2- (2 '-hydroxy-3', 5 '-di-tert-phenyl) -5-chlorinated benzotriazole, tris (2, 4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite and N, N' -bis (3- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionyl) propanediamine; the weight ratio of the 2- (2 '-hydroxy-3', 5 '-di-tert-phenyl) -5-chlorinated benzotriazole, the tris (2, 4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite and the N, N' -bis (3- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionyl) propanediamine is 1:1: 1. 1:0.5:2 or 1:1.5:2;
the preparation method of the 3D printing building material comprises the following steps: firstly, adding glass fiber, acrylic resin and filler into a stirrer containing water, and uniformly mixing to obtain premix; and then sequentially adding the silicate cement, the water reducing agent and the accelerator into the premix, and uniformly stirring to obtain the 3D printing building material.
2. The 3D printed building material according to claim 1, wherein the 3D printed building material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-65 parts of Portland cement, 18-22 parts of glass fiber, 6-10 parts of acrylic resin, 4-7 parts of antioxidant, 2-3 parts of water reducer, 2-3 parts of accelerator, 4-7 parts of filler and 20-30 parts of water.
3. The 3D printed building material according to claim 1, wherein the glass fiber is modified with a silane coupling agent.
4. A 3D printed building material according to claim 3, wherein the silane coupling agent is selected from KH550, KH560 and KH570.
5. A method of preparing a 3D printed building material according to any of claims 1-4, comprising the steps of:
firstly, adding glass fiber, acrylic resin and filler into water, and uniformly mixing to obtain premix; and then sequentially adding the silicate cement, the water reducing agent and the accelerator into the premix, and uniformly stirring to obtain the 3D printing building material.
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