CN111848041A - High-strength concrete - Google Patents
High-strength concrete Download PDFInfo
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- CN111848041A CN111848041A CN202010716432.8A CN202010716432A CN111848041A CN 111848041 A CN111848041 A CN 111848041A CN 202010716432 A CN202010716432 A CN 202010716432A CN 111848041 A CN111848041 A CN 111848041A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B14/02—Granular materials, e.g. microballoons
- C04B14/04—Silica-rich materials; Silicates
- C04B14/041—Aluminium silicates other than clay
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B14/02—Granular materials, e.g. microballoons
- C04B14/04—Silica-rich materials; Silicates
- C04B14/06—Quartz; Sand
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B14/02—Granular materials, e.g. microballoons
- C04B14/32—Carbides; Nitrides; Borides ; Silicides
- C04B14/322—Carbides
- C04B14/324—Silicon carbide
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B16/00—Use of organic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of organic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B16/04—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B16/06—Macromolecular compounds fibrous
- C04B16/0616—Macromolecular compounds fibrous from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B16/0625—Polyalkenes, e.g. polyethylene
- C04B16/0633—Polypropylene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/06—Combustion residues, e.g. purification products of smoke, fumes or exhaust gases
- C04B18/08—Flue dust, i.e. fly ash
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/02—Treatment
- C04B20/023—Chemical treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/34—Non-shrinking or non-cracking materials
- C04B2111/343—Crack resistant materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of concrete preparation, in particular to high-strength concrete which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 100-200 parts of cement, 120-160 parts of fly ash, 200-300 parts of coarse aggregate, 260-400 parts of river sand, 80-90 parts of silicon carbide, 50-75 parts of nano calcium carbonate, 10-20 parts of aluminum powder, 35-55 parts of fiber mixture, 2-5 parts of water reducer and 70-120 parts of water. The method is favorable for reducing the condition of cracking inside the high-strength concrete and enhancing the compression resistance and the crack resistance of the high-strength concrete.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of concrete preparation, in particular to high-strength concrete.
Background
With the development of urban construction, the use of concrete is more and more extensive. Concrete is one of the most important civil engineering materials in the present generation; the artificial stone is prepared by a cementing material, granular aggregate, water, an additive and an admixture which are added if necessary according to a certain proportion, and is formed by uniformly stirring, closely compacting, curing and hardening. Along with the higher and higher requirements of buildings on the strength of concrete, the high-strength concrete is produced.
Currently, p.ii52.5r cement is generally used for high-strength concrete so that the strength grade of the high-strength concrete is C65 or more.
Because high-strength cement is adopted in the high-strength concrete, and the high-strength cement can generate a large amount of heat in the hydration process, the temperature in the high-strength concrete is increased, cracks are easily generated in the high-strength concrete, and the compression resistance and the cracking resistance are reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide the high-strength concrete, which is beneficial to reducing the cracking condition in the high-strength concrete and enhancing the compression resistance and the crack resistance of the high-strength concrete.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the high-strength concrete is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass:
100 portions of cement
120 portions of fly ash and 160 portions of
200 portions and 300 portions of coarse aggregate
River sand 260 portion and 400 portion
80-90 parts of silicon carbide
50-75 parts of nano calcium carbonate
10-20 parts of aluminum powder
35-55 parts of fiber mixture
2-5 parts of water reducing agent
70-120 parts of water.
By adopting the technical scheme, cement, fly ash, coarse aggregate and river sand are used as main components of the high-strength concrete, the silicon carbide has good crack resistance and heat resistance, the condition that the high-strength concrete cracks due to heat generated in the cement hydration process is favorably reduced, and the matching of the silicon carbide and the fiber mixture is favorable for improving the compressive strength and the crack resistance of the high-strength concrete. Meanwhile, the nano calcium carbonate plays a role in filling the high-strength concrete, forms a stress concentration point, enables cracks generated in the high-strength concrete to be blocked and passivated, and suppresses crack development, so that the concrete is not easy to crack, and meanwhile, the structural strength of the high-strength concrete is favorably improved.
Further, the silicon carbide is modified silicon carbide, and the preparation method of the modified silicon carbide comprises the following steps:
(1) ball-milling the silicon carbide to obtain silicon carbide powder with the particle size of 200-800 meshes for later use;
(2) then, firstly, putting the silane coupling agent and acetone into a container for uniform mixing, then adding silicon carbide powder into the container, wherein the mass of the silicon carbide powder is 0.13-0.15 of the addition amount of the acetone, centrifugally stirring for 10-20min at the speed of 1000-1200r/min, introducing protective gas, heating to 75-80 ℃, reacting for 3-5h, and performing suction filtration at the temperature of 75-80 ℃ to obtain a filter cake material;
(3) and (3) placing the filter cake material in an ultrasonic medium for ultrasonic dispersion, centrifugally washing, drying and cooling to obtain the modified silicon carbide.
Further, the silane coupling agent is a silane coupling agent KH-550.
Further, the step (3) for preparing the modified silicon carbide is specifically as follows:
and (2) placing the filter cake material in an ultrasonic medium for ultrasonic dispersion, wherein the ultrasonic medium is acetone, the ultrasonic frequency is 1000-1500Hz, the ultrasonic time is 10-15min, centrifuging the filter cake material at the centrifugal rate of 3000-3500r/min, washing for 3-4 times, drying for 5-6h under the conditions of 150-180 ℃, and finally cooling to obtain the modified silicon carbide.
By adopting the technical scheme, the silane coupling agent coats the surface of the silicon carbide, the improvement of the dispersibility of the silicon carbide is facilitated, acetone is used as a modifier of the silicon carbide, the modified silicon carbide has good high-temperature resistance and dispersibility, the modified silicon carbide is added into the high-strength concrete, the modified silicon carbide can be more uniformly dispersed in a raw material system of the high-strength concrete, the improvement of the overall heat resistance of the high-strength concrete is facilitated, the cracking of the high-strength concrete is not easy to occur in the cement hydration process, the nano calcium carbonate and the silicon carbide are compounded to play a synergistic effect, and the improvement of the structural strength and the heat resistance of the high-strength concrete is facilitated.
Further, the coarse aggregate is one or more of mullite, ceramsite and basalt macadam.
By adopting the technical scheme, the mullite has good structural strength and high temperature resistance; the compression strength of the basalt macadam is high; the ceramsite has the advantages of high strength and light weight, so that the coarse aggregate is one or more of mullite, ceramsite and basalt macadam, and the structural strength of the high-strength concrete is improved.
Further, the fiber mixture is two or more of basalt fibers, polypropylene fibers and steel fibers.
Further, the fiber mixture is a mixture of basalt fibers, polypropylene fibers and steel fibers in a weight ratio of 1 (2.5-4) to 1.
By adopting the technical scheme, the polypropylene fiber can effectively control microcracks of the high-strength concrete caused by heat generated in the cement hydration process, prevent and inhibit the formation and development of the concrete primary cracks, greatly improve the anti-cracking and anti-permeability performance and the anti-abrasion performance of the high-strength concrete, and increase the toughness of the concrete, thereby prolonging the service life of the concrete. The basalt fiber has the effects of high compressive strength and high temperature resistance; the addition of the steel fiber greatly improves the performances of the high-strength concrete such as compressive strength, tensile strength, bending strength, impact strength, toughness, impact toughness and the like.
Further, the high-strength concrete is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass:
130 portions of cement
130 portions of fly ash and 160 portions of
230 portions of coarse aggregate and 300 portions of
River sand 280 plus 400 portions
83-90 parts of silicon carbide
55-75 parts of nano calcium carbonate
13-20 parts of aluminum powder
40-55 parts of fiber mixture
3-5 parts of water reducing agent
90-120 parts of water.
Further, the high-strength concrete is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass:
170 portions of cement
155 portions of fly ash
250 portions of coarse aggregate
340 parts of river sand
84 parts of silicon carbide
65 portions of nano calcium carbonate
16 parts of aluminum powder
50 parts of fiber mixture
4 portions of water reducing agent
And 110 parts of water.
By adopting the technical scheme, the high-strength concrete is used as a raw material for preparing the high-strength concrete, and the high-strength concrete prepared from the components according to the specific parts by mass has better heat resistance, crack resistance and compressive strength.
In conclusion, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the silicon carbide has good crack resistance and heat resistance, is favorable for reducing the condition that the concrete cracks due to heat generated in the cement hydration process, and is favorable for improving the tensile strength and the crack resistance of the high-strength concrete by matching the silicon carbide with the fiber mixture. Meanwhile, the nano calcium carbonate plays a role in filling the high-strength concrete, forms a stress concentration point to enable cracks generated in the high-strength concrete to be blocked and passivated, and suppresses crack development, so that the concrete is not easy to crack, and the structural strength of the high-strength concrete is improved.
2. The modified silicon carbide can be more uniformly dispersed in a raw material system of the high-strength concrete, so that the heat resistance of the high-strength concrete on the whole can be improved, the high-strength concrete is not easy to crack in the cement hydration process, the nano calcium carbonate and the modified silicon carbide are compounded to play a synergistic effect, and the structural strength and the heat resistance of the high-strength concrete can be improved.
3. The polypropylene fiber can effectively control microcracks of the high-strength concrete caused by heat generated in the cement hydration process, prevent and inhibit the formation and development of the concrete primary cracks, greatly improve the anti-cracking and anti-permeability performance and the anti-abrasion performance of the high-strength concrete, and increase the toughness of the concrete, thereby prolonging the service life of the concrete.
Detailed Description
The following examples further illustrate the invention in detail.
In the following examples, Portland cement of Huarun brand P.II52.5R was used as the cement.
In the following examples, a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent manufactured by basf and having a model number of rheopolus 411 was used as the water reducing agent.
In the following examples, class II fly ash from a Baifeng mineral processing plant, Lingshu county, was used as the fly ash.
In the following examples, acetone was obtained from Kayu chemical Co., Ltd, Dongguan.
In the following examples, the nano calcium carbonate was a nano calcium carbonate of Beijing Deke island gold technologies, Inc., and the average particle size was 20 nm.
In the following examples, KH-550 silane coupling agent was KH-550 silane coupling agent having a trade name of KBM-903 available from shin-Etsu chemical Co., Ltd; KH-560 silane coupling agent having a trade name of KBM-403 from Japan shin-Etsu chemical industries, Ltd.
In the following examples, steel fibers, basalt fibers and polypropylene fibers were purchased from Zhongding economic development LLC of Wuhan, wherein the polypropylene fibers have a specification of 12mm and the basalt fibers have a specification of 12 mm.
In the following examples, all the equipments used in the preparation method of the present invention, such as a stirrer, an ultrasonic disperser, etc., are equipments conventionally used.
Table 1 components and parts by mass (kg) of the high strength concrete of examples 1 to 10.
Example 1
The components and parts by mass of the raw materials of the high-strength concrete are shown in table 1.
Wherein the fiber mixture is a mixture of basalt fibers and polypropylene fibers in a mass ratio of 2: 2.5.
In this example, the coarse aggregate was mullite. The silicon carbide powder is purchased from silicon carbide fine powder sold by pioneer metallurgy refractory company Limited in Anyang city.
The preparation method of the high-strength concrete comprises the following steps:
and S1, mixing and stirring the water and the cement in the corresponding mass parts at 25 ℃ by using a stirrer to obtain a first mixture.
S2, adding river sand and fly ash in corresponding parts by mass into the first mixture, and stirring for 15min at a rotating speed of 100r/min to obtain a second mixture.
And S3, mixing the coarse aggregate in the corresponding mass part with the silicon carbide and the nano calcium carbonate in the corresponding mass part by using a stirrer, and stirring at the speed of 350r/min for 20min to obtain a third mixture.
And S4, adding the second mixture into the third mixture, stirring at the speed of 70r/min for 40min, then adding corresponding mass parts of aluminum powder, the fiber mixture and the water reducing agent, and stirring for 45min to obtain the anti-crack concrete.
Example 2
A high-strength concrete, which is different from example 1 in that: the fiber mixture is a mixture of basalt fibers and steel fibers in a mass ratio of 3.5: 1.
Example 3
A high-strength concrete, which is different from example 2 in that: the fiber mixture is a mixture of polypropylene fibers and steel fibers in a mass ratio of 2.5: 2.
Example 4
A high strength concrete, which is different from example 3 in that: the fiber mixture is a mixture of basalt fibers, polypropylene fibers and steel fibers in a weight ratio of 1:3: 1.
Example 5
A high-strength concrete, which is different from example 4 in that:
in the embodiment, the coarse aggregate is a mixture of mullite and ceramsite in a mass ratio of 1: 1.
Example 6
A high-strength concrete, which is different from example 5 in that:
in the embodiment, the coarse aggregate is a mixture of mullite, ceramsite and basalt broken stone in a mass ratio of 1:1: 1.
Example 7
A high-strength concrete, which is different from example 6 in that: the method comprises the following steps:
in this embodiment, the silicon carbide is modified silicon carbide, and the preparation method of the modified silicon carbide is as follows:
(1) and (3) ball-milling the silicon carbide with corresponding mass parts by using a ball mill until the particle size is 200 meshes, and obtaining silicon carbide powder for later use.
(2) Then, firstly, putting the silane coupling agent and acetone into a container for uniform mixing, then adding silicon carbide powder into the container, wherein the mass of the silicon carbide powder is 0.13 times of the addition amount of the acetone, the mass of the silane coupling agent is 0.03 times of the mass of the silicon carbide, centrifugally stirring for 10min at 1000r/min, and introducing a protective gas N2Heating to 75 ℃ for reaction for 3h, and carrying out suction filtration at 75 ℃ to obtain a filter cake material.
(3) And (2) placing the filter cake material in an ultrasonic medium for ultrasonic dispersion, wherein the ultrasonic medium is acetone, the ultrasonic frequency is 1000Hz, and the ultrasonic time is 10min, then centrifuging the filter cake material at the centrifugal rate of 3000r/min, then washing for 3 times, drying for 5h at the temperature of 150 ℃, and finally cooling to obtain the modified silicon carbide.
In this embodiment, the silane coupling agent is a silane coupling agent KH-560.
In the ultrasonic dispersion in the step (3), an ultrasonic dispersion machine can be adopted, and other equipment capable of realizing ultrasonic dispersion can also be adopted.
Example 8
A high-strength concrete, which is different from example 7 in that: the silicon carbide is modified silicon carbide, and the silane coupling agent for preparing the modified silicon carbide is a silane coupling agent KH-550.
Example 9
A high-strength concrete, which is different from example 8 in that:
in this embodiment, the preparation method of the modified silicon carbide is as follows:
(1) and ball-milling the silicon carbide until the particle size is 325 meshes to obtain silicon carbide powder for later use.
(2) Then, firstly, putting a silane coupling agent and acetone into a container for uniform mixing, then adding silicon carbide powder into the container, wherein the mass of the silicon carbide powder is 0.14 of the addition amount of the acetone, the mass of the silane coupling agent is 0.04 times of that of the silicon carbide, centrifugally stirring at 1100r/min for 15min, and introducing a protective gas N2Heating to 78 ℃ for reaction for 4h, and carrying out suction filtration at 77 ℃ to obtain a filter cake material.
(3) And (2) placing the filter cake material in an ultrasonic medium for ultrasonic dispersion, wherein the ultrasonic medium is acetone, the ultrasonic frequency is 1300Hz, the ultrasonic time is 13min, centrifuging the filter cake material at the centrifuging rate of 3300r/min, washing for 3 times, drying for 5.5h at the temperature of 170 ℃, and finally cooling to obtain the modified silicon carbide.
Example 10
A high-strength concrete, which is different from example 9 in that:
in this embodiment, the preparation method of the modified silicon carbide is as follows:
(1) and ball-milling the silicon carbide until the particle size is 800 meshes to obtain silicon carbide powder for later use.
(2) Then, firstly, putting a silane coupling agent and acetone into a container for uniform mixing, then adding silicon carbide powder into the container, wherein the mass of the silicon carbide powder is 0.15 of the addition amount of the acetone, the mass of the silane coupling agent is 0.05 times of the mass of the silicon carbide, centrifugally stirring at 1200r/min for 20min, and introducing a protective gas N2Heating to 80 ℃ for reaction for 5h, and carrying out suction filtration at 80 ℃ to obtain a filter cake material.
(3) And (3) placing the filter cake material in an ultrasonic medium for ultrasonic dispersion, wherein the ultrasonic medium is acetone, the ultrasonic frequency is 1500Hz, the ultrasonic time is 15min, centrifuging the filter cake material at the centrifugal rate of 3500r/min, washing for 4 times, drying for 6h at the temperature of 180 ℃, and finally cooling to obtain the modified silicon carbide.
Table 2 shows the composition and parts by mass (kg) of the raw materials used in examples 11 to 15 for producing high-strength concrete.
Example 11
A high-strength concrete, which is different from example 10 in that: the components and parts by mass of the raw materials for producing the high-strength concrete are shown in table 2.
Example 12
A high-strength concrete, which is different from example 11 in that: the components and parts by mass of the raw materials for producing the high-strength concrete are shown in table 2.
Example 13
A high-strength concrete, which is different from example 12 in that: the components and parts by mass of the raw materials for producing the high-strength concrete are shown in table 2.
Example 14
A high-strength concrete, which is different from example 13 in that: the components and parts by mass of the raw materials for producing the high-strength concrete are shown in table 2.
The coarse aggregate is a mixture of mullite, ceramsite and basalt broken stone in a mass ratio of 1:1: 1.
The fiber mixture is a mixture of basalt fibers, polypropylene fibers and steel fibers in a weight ratio of 1:3: 1.
In this embodiment, the preparation method of the modified silicon carbide is as follows:
(1) and ball-milling the silicon carbide until the particle size is 325 meshes to obtain silicon carbide powder for later use.
(2) Then, putting the silane coupling agent KH-550 and acetone into a container to be uniformly mixed, then adding silicon carbide powder into the container, wherein the mass of the silicon carbide powder is 0.14 of the addition amount of the acetone, the mass of the silane coupling agent is 0.04 times of the mass of the silicon carbide, centrifugally stirring for 15min at 1100r/min, and introducing protective gas N2Heating to 78 ℃ for reaction for 4h, and carrying out suction filtration at 77 ℃ to obtain a filter cake material.
(3) And (2) placing the filter cake material in an ultrasonic medium for ultrasonic dispersion, wherein the ultrasonic medium is acetone, the ultrasonic frequency is 1300Hz, the ultrasonic time is 13min, centrifuging the filter cake material at the centrifuging rate of 3300r/min, washing for 3 times, drying for 5.5h at the temperature of 170 ℃, and finally cooling to obtain the modified silicon carbide.
Example 15
A high-strength concrete, which is different from example 14 in that: the components and parts by mass of the raw materials for producing the high-strength concrete are shown in table 2.
Comparative example 1
A high-strength concrete, which is different from example 1 in that: silicon dioxide is used instead of silicon carbide.
Comparative example 2
A high-strength concrete, which is different from example 14 in that:
170 portions of cement
155 portions of fly ash
250 portions of coarse aggregate
340 parts of river sand
Silicon carbide 149 parts
16 parts of aluminum powder
50 parts of fiber mixture
4 portions of water reducing agent
110 portions of water
Comparative example 3
A high-strength concrete, which is different from example 14 in that:
170 parts of cement, 155 parts of fly ash, 250 parts of coarse aggregate, 340 parts of river sand, 60 parts of silicon carbide, 40 parts of nano calcium carbonate, 16 parts of aluminum powder, 20 parts of fiber mixture, 4 parts of water reducing agent and 110 parts of water.
The test data of each example and comparative example are shown in Table 3.
High strength concrete test pieces were prepared according to examples 1 to 15 and comparative examples 1 to 3, and the test pieces 1 to 18 were subjected to the following experiments and the test results are shown in Table 3.
Experiment 1
The 56d compressive strength (MPa) and the water absorption (%) of the test blocks 1-18 are respectively tested according to the compressive strength test detection in GB/T50081-2019 concrete physical and mechanical property test method Standard.
Table 3 test blocks 1-18 test results after experiment 1.
The fiber mixture in the test block 1 is a mixture of basalt fibers and polypropylene fibers in a mass ratio of 2: 2.5; the fiber mixture in the test block 2 is a mixture of basalt fibers and steel fibers in a mass ratio of 3.5: 1; the fiber mixture in block 3 was a mixture of polypropylene fibers and steel fibers in a mass ratio of 2.5: 2. As can be seen from the data in table 3, the compressive strength and the split tensile strength of the test pieces 1, 2 and 3 are very close. The test block 4 is made of a mixture of basalt fiber, polypropylene fiber and steel fiber in a weight ratio of 1:3:1 in a specific ratio, and it can be seen from the data in table 3 that, under the same conditions, the fiber mixture is made of basalt fiber, polypropylene fiber and steel fiber in a specific weight ratio range, so that the compressive strength and the tensile strength at splitting of the high-strength concrete are better. Therefore, the polypropylene fiber can effectively control microcracks of the high-strength concrete caused by heat generated in the cement hydration process, prevent and inhibit the formation and development of the concrete primary cracks, greatly improve the anti-cracking and anti-permeability performance and the anti-abrasion performance of the high-strength concrete, and increase the toughness of the high-strength concrete, thereby improving the compressive strength and the splitting tensile strength of the concrete. The basalt fiber has the effects of high compressive strength and high temperature resistance; the addition of the steel fiber greatly improves the performances of the high-strength concrete such as compressive strength, tensile strength, bending strength, impact strength, toughness, impact toughness and the like.
The test block 4 adopts mullite as a coarse aggregate, the test block 5 adopts a mixture of mullite and ceramsite in a mass ratio of 1:1, and the test block 6 adopts a mixture of mullite, ceramsite and basalt broken stone in a mass ratio of 1:1:1, so that the compressive strength and the splitting tensile strength of the test block 6 are higher than those of the test blocks 1-5, and the splitting tensile strength is higher than those of the test blocks 1-5, which indicates that the coarse aggregate is prepared from mullite, ceramsite and basalt broken stone by compounding according to a specific mass ratio and then added into a high-strength concrete raw material system, and the structural strength of the high-strength concrete is favorably improved.
The test block 16 uses silicon dioxide instead of silicon carbide, while the test block 1 uses commercially available silicon carbide, although both silicon dioxide and silicon carbide are atomic crystals, it is obvious from the data in table 3 that the compressive strength and the cleavage tensile strength of the test block 16 are poor, which shows that silicon carbide has good crack resistance and heat resistance, and is beneficial to reducing the occurrence of cracks in high-strength concrete caused by heat generated in the cement hydration process, and the combination of silicon carbide and fiber mixture is beneficial to improving the compressive strength and the crack resistance of the high-strength concrete, but when silicon dioxide is added into the raw material of the high-strength concrete, the effect is not achieved.
The silicon carbide adopted by the test block 7 is modified silicon carbide, the silicon carbide adopted by the test sample 6 is commercially available silicon carbide, the compressive strength corresponding to the test block 7 is 60.5Mpa, the cleavage tensile strength is 11.5Mpa, the compressive strength of the test block 6 is 57Mpa, and the cleavage tensile strength is 9.4Mpa, so that the silane coupling agent and acetone are mixed to form the modifier for modifying the silicon carbide, the silane coupling agent coats the surface of the silicon carbide and is favorable for improving the dispersibility of the silicon carbide, the modified silicon carbide has good high temperature resistance and dispersibility, the modified silicon carbide can be more uniformly dispersed in a raw material system of the high-strength concrete and is favorable for improving the overall heat resistance and structural strength of the high-strength concrete, and the high-strength concrete is not easy to crack in the cement hydration process, the synergistic effect of the compounding of the nano calcium carbonate and the modified silicon carbide is larger than the synergistic effect of the compounding of the nano calcium carbonate and the silicon carbide, and the improvement of the structural strength and the heat resistance of the high-strength concrete is facilitated.
The nano calcium carbonate is not added in the test block 17, and the test block 14 contains the nano calcium carbonate, although the quality of the modified silicon carbide of the test block 15 is improved, the compressive strength and the splitting tensile strength of the test block 15 are far lower than those of the test block 14, so that the nano calcium carbonate plays a role in filling the high-strength concrete, a stress concentration point is formed, cracks generated in the high-strength concrete are blocked and passivated, and the cracks are pressed to develop, so that the concrete is not easy to crack, and the structural strength of the high-strength concrete is improved. And the nano calcium carbonate and the modified silicon carbide are matched to play a synergistic effect, so that when only the modified silicon carbide is added, even if the mass parts of the singly added modified silicon carbide are the same as the mass parts of the compositely added modified silicon carbide and the nano calcium carbonate, the two have great difference on the improvement effect of the compressive strength and the splitting tensile strength of the high-strength concrete.
The components in the test block 18 are the same as those in the raw material of the high-strength concrete in the present application, but the mass parts of some components are not in the range of the present application, and it can be seen from the test data in table 3 that the compressive strength and the tensile strength at cleavage of the test block 18 are much lower than those of the test blocks 1 to 15, so that the heat resistance, the crack resistance and the compressive strength of the high-strength concrete prepared by the components in the specific mass part range are better in the raw material for preparing the high-strength concrete.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited by the above embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (9)
1. A high-strength concrete is characterized in that: the feed is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass:
100 portions of cement
120 portions of fly ash and 160 portions of
200 portions and 300 portions of coarse aggregate
River sand 260 portion and 400 portion
80-90 parts of silicon carbide
50-75 parts of nano calcium carbonate
10-20 parts of aluminum powder
35-55 parts of fiber mixture
2-5 parts of water reducing agent
70-120 parts of water.
2. The high-strength concrete according to claim 1, wherein: the silicon carbide is modified silicon carbide, and the preparation method of the modified silicon carbide comprises the following steps:
(1) ball-milling the silicon carbide to obtain silicon carbide powder with the particle size of 200-800 meshes for later use;
(2) then, firstly, putting the silane coupling agent and acetone into a container for uniform mixing, then adding silicon carbide powder into the container, wherein the mass of the silicon carbide powder is 0.13-0.15 of the addition amount of the acetone, centrifugally stirring for 10-20min at the speed of 1000-1200r/min, introducing protective gas, heating to 75-80 ℃, reacting for 3-5h, and performing suction filtration at the temperature of 75-80 ℃ to obtain a filter cake material;
(3) and (3) placing the filter cake material in an ultrasonic medium for ultrasonic dispersion, centrifugally washing, drying and cooling to obtain the modified silicon carbide.
3. The high-strength concrete according to claim 2, wherein: the silane coupling agent is a silane coupling agent KH-550.
4. The high-strength concrete according to claim 2, wherein: the step (3) for preparing the modified silicon carbide is specifically as follows:
and (2) placing the filter cake material in an ultrasonic medium for ultrasonic dispersion, wherein the ultrasonic medium is acetone, the ultrasonic frequency is 1000-1500Hz, the ultrasonic time is 10-15min, centrifuging the filter cake material at the centrifugal rate of 3000-3500r/min, washing for 3-4 times, drying for 5-6h under the conditions of 150-180 ℃, and finally cooling to obtain the modified silicon carbide.
5. The high-strength concrete according to claim 1, wherein: the coarse aggregate is one or more of mullite, ceramsite and basalt macadam.
6. The high-strength concrete according to claim 1, wherein: the fiber mixture is two or more of basalt fiber, polypropylene fiber and steel fiber.
7. The high-strength concrete according to claim 1, wherein: the fiber mixture is a mixture consisting of basalt fibers, polypropylene fibers and steel fibers in a weight ratio of 1 (2.5-4) to 1.
8. A high strength concrete according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: the high-strength concrete is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass:
130 portions of cement
130 portions of fly ash and 160 portions of
230 portions of coarse aggregate and 300 portions of
River sand 280 plus 400 portions
83-90 parts of silicon carbide
55-75 parts of nano calcium carbonate
13-20 parts of aluminum powder
40-55 parts of fiber mixture
3-5 parts of water reducing agent
90-120 parts of water.
9. A high strength concrete according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: the high-strength concrete is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass:
170 portions of cement
155 portions of fly ash
250 portions of coarse aggregate
340 parts of river sand
84 parts of silicon carbide
65 portions of nano calcium carbonate
16 parts of aluminum powder
50 parts of fiber mixture
4 portions of water reducing agent
And 110 parts of water.
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