CN115415538A - 一种抗菌纳米银及快速制备方法 - Google Patents
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
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- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver(1+) nitrate Chemical compound [Ag+].[O-]N(=O)=O SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910001961 silver nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
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- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
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Abstract
本发明公布了一种抗菌纳米银及快速制备方法,通过将热琼脂硝酸银水溶液,光照还原得到纳米银。本发明的制备方法绿色环保,效率高,可以在5分钟内制得纳米银。
Description
技术领域
本发明属纳米材料制备技术领域,具体涉及一种抗菌纳米银及快速制备方法背景技术
纳米银是指至少有一维尺度在1~100纳米之间的银单质,可以是零维颗粒,一维例如纳米银线,二维纳米银薄膜等。纳米银材料广泛用于生物医药,半导体等领域。在生物医药方面的应用主要是基于纳米银对多种细菌、真菌和病毒等微生物光谱杀灭作用。纳米银作为抑菌抗菌材料是用量最大的纳米材料之一。
纳米银的制备方法一般利用各种具有还原性的物质对可溶性银盐主要是硝酸银进行还原,还原剂可分为化学还原剂和生物提取物还原剂,化学还原剂具体是利用各种具有还原性的物质如硼氢化钠、水合肼、多元醇、抗坏血酸、葡萄糖、柠檬酸钠等;使用还原剂为了控制纳米银粒径一般要加入分散剂,这里以多元醇法为例,多元醇还原纳米银一般要加入PVP作为分散剂,且分散剂的用量需要多余还原剂多元醇的用量,这样就引入了有毒有害的PVP等,化学还原法为了得到高质量的纳米银可以控制的参数一般有:还原剂和银盐的浓度、用量和使用比例等,实际要得到粒径可控,分布均匀的纳米银还是非常困难的。生物提取物见诸于文献报道的有多种植物的根茎叶等提取物作为还原剂还原银盐制备纳米银。
植物的根茎叶提取物作为还原剂还原纳米银和化学还原剂相比不引入人工合成的有毒有害的化学物质可以提高纳米银生物相容性。但是生物提取物作为还原剂还原纳米银也存在工艺复杂,效率低下,成分复杂还原的纳米银粒径分布太宽质量比较差等问题。
申请号为201610637559.4的中国专利公布了利用琼脂既作为还原剂又作为稳定剂制备纳米银的方法,但该反应时间过久需要几个小时的时间,过程冗长。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种快速制备纳米银的方法,以解决上述背景技术中提出的现有技术制备纳米银反应冗长的问题。为了达到上述目的,本发明采用如下技术方案:一种快速制备纳米银的方法包括如下步骤:
步骤一:琼脂水溶液的制备:将琼脂溶于热水中,配置1%~6%质量分数的琼脂水溶液备用;
步骤二:硝酸银琼脂溶液混合水溶液的制备:将硝酸银溶解于步骤二制得琼脂水溶液中,使得银离子的浓度为500~10000ppm,
步骤三:纳米银的制备:将步骤三制得的硝酸银琼脂混合水溶液置于恒温水浴锅中,维持60~90℃恒温状态,使琼脂保持在溶液状态,并置于氙灯下光照1~5min后,分离后得到纳米银,其中氙灯的功率为500~2000W。
由上述制得的纳米银粒径(d50)大小为5~30nm,为颗粒状形貌,在水中和乙醇中都有非常好的分散性。有益效果,本发明制备过程简单快速,可以在5分钟内快速制备得到纳米银。
附图说明
图1本发明实施例1得到的纳米银30ppm的特征吸收紫外光谱图;
图2为本发明实施例5所得到纳米银的扫描电镜图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,仍然属于本发明型保护的范围。
实施例1
一种快速制备纳米银的方法,将琼脂溶于热水中,配置6%质量分数的琼脂水溶液,将硝酸银溶解于上述琼脂水溶液中,使得银离子的浓度为500,将上述混合水溶液维持90℃恒温的液态状态,防止琼脂凝固,并置于氙灯下光照1分钟后分离得到纳米银,由此制得的纳米银d50粒径大小为4nm,在水中和乙醇中都有非常好的分散性。
实施例2
一种快速制备纳米银的方法,将琼脂溶于热水中,配置4%质量分数的琼脂水溶液,将硝酸银溶解于上述琼脂水溶液中,使得银离子的浓度为1000,将上述混合水溶液维持80℃恒温的液态状态,防止琼脂凝固,并置于氙灯下光照2分钟后分离得到纳米银,由此制得的纳米银d50粒径大小为8nm,在水中和乙醇中都有非常好的分散性。
实施例3
一种快速制备纳米银的方法,将琼脂溶于热水中,配置3%质量分数的琼脂水溶液,将硝酸银溶解于上述琼脂水溶液中,使得银离子的浓度为2000,将上述混合水溶液维持70℃恒温的液态状态,防止琼脂凝固,并置于氙灯下光照3分钟后分离得到纳米银,由此制得的纳米银d50粒径大小为12nm,在水中和乙醇中都有非常好的分散性。
实施例4
一种快速制备纳米银的方法,将琼脂溶于热水中,配置2%质量分数的琼脂水溶液,将硝酸银溶解于上述琼脂水溶液中,使得银离子的浓度为4000,将上述混合水溶液维持60℃恒温的液态状态,防止琼脂凝固,并置于氙灯下光照4分钟后分离得到纳米银,由此制得的纳米银d50粒径大小为16nm,在水中和乙醇中都有非常好的分散性。
实施例5
一种快速制备纳米银的方法,将琼脂溶于热水中,配置1%质量分数的琼脂水溶液,将硝酸银溶解于上述琼脂水溶液中,使得银离子的浓度为10000,将上述混合水溶液维持60℃恒温的液态状态,防止琼脂凝固,并置于氙灯下光照5分钟后分离得到纳米银,由此制得的纳米银d50粒径大小为30nm,在水中和乙醇中都有非常好的分散性。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例,对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型,本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。
Claims (6)
1.一种快速制备纳米银的方法,其特征包括如下步骤:
步骤一:琼脂水溶液的制备:将琼脂溶于热水中,配置1%~6%质量分数的琼脂水溶液备用;
步骤二:硝酸银琼脂溶液混合水溶液的制备:将硝酸银溶解于步骤二制得琼脂水溶液中,使得银离子的浓度为500~10000ppm,
步骤三:纳米银的制备:将步骤三制得的硝酸银琼脂混合水溶液置于恒温水浴锅中,维持60~90℃恒温状态,使琼脂保持在溶液状态,并置于氙灯下光照1~5min后,分离后得到纳米银。
2.根据权利要求1所述的快速制备纳米银的方法,其特征在于所述琼脂溶解于热水后的质量分数为3%~6%。
3.根据权利要求1所述的快速制备纳米银的方法,其特征在于所述硝酸银水溶液的浓度为2000~10000ppm。
4.根据权利要求1所述的快速制备纳米银的方法,其特征在于所述混合液维持液态的温度为60~80℃。
5.根据权利要求1所述的快速制备纳米银的方法,其特征在于所述疝灯的功率为500-2000W.
6.根据权利要求1-5所述的任一一种快速制备方法制得的纳米银,其特征在于所述纳米银的粒径d50为4~30nm。
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CN106346018A (zh) * | 2016-09-21 | 2017-01-25 | 武汉工程大学 | 一种琼脂糖/纳米银复合凝胶的制备方法及其应用 |
CN108339977A (zh) * | 2018-02-12 | 2018-07-31 | 太原理工大学 | 一种壳寡糖纳米银复合抗菌剂的制备方法和应用 |
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Patent Citations (7)
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US20070003603A1 (en) * | 2004-07-30 | 2007-01-04 | Karandikar Bhalchandra M | Antimicrobial silver compositions |
CN102198511A (zh) * | 2011-04-28 | 2011-09-28 | 上海交通大学 | 基于羧甲基可德胶多糖的含纳米银颗粒的胶体水溶液制备方法 |
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CN108339977A (zh) * | 2018-02-12 | 2018-07-31 | 太原理工大学 | 一种壳寡糖纳米银复合抗菌剂的制备方法和应用 |
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