CN115413666B - 一种猕猴桃授粉液及制备方法和猕猴桃授粉方法 - Google Patents

一种猕猴桃授粉液及制备方法和猕猴桃授粉方法 Download PDF

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CN115413666B
CN115413666B CN202211170275.0A CN202211170275A CN115413666B CN 115413666 B CN115413666 B CN 115413666B CN 202211170275 A CN202211170275 A CN 202211170275A CN 115413666 B CN115413666 B CN 115413666B
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CN115413666A (zh
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莫权辉
叶开玉
王发明
龚弘娟
李洁维
蒋桥生
刘平平
齐贝贝
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Guangxi Institute of Botany of CAS
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/02Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • A01N43/04Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
    • A01N43/22Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom rings with more than six members
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01HNEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
    • A01H1/00Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
    • A01H1/02Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N25/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
    • A01N25/24Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing ingredients to enhance the sticking of the active ingredients
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/02Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • A01N43/04Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
    • A01N43/14Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings
    • A01N43/16Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings with oxygen as the ring hetero atom
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01PBIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
    • A01P21/00Plant growth regulators

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Abstract

本发明涉及猕猴桃种植领域,具体涉及一种猕猴桃授粉液及制备方法和猕猴桃授粉方法,该一种猕猴桃授粉液由以下质量百分比的原料制备所得:芸苔素甾醇0.05~0.07%;DSPE‑MPEG2000 1.5~3%;大球盖菇多糖1~3%;白砂糖0.3~0.7%,植物源胶30%,其余为水。本发明通过猕猴桃授粉配方的优化设计,使得花粉无论在阴雨天还是正午午后(雌花花柱粘液稀少时)都可以稳定的吸附在雌花柱头上,授粉质量稳定,协同芸苔素甾醇和大球盖菇多糖的添加,可以显著提高猕猴桃的座果率和优果率。

Description

一种猕猴桃授粉液及制备方法和猕猴桃授粉方法
技术领域
本发明涉及猕猴桃种植领域,具体涉及一种猕猴桃授粉液及制备方法和猕猴桃授粉方法。
背景技术
猕猴桃为雌雄异株授粉植物,人工辅助授粉的质量是决定最终产品数量及品质的关键环节。目前,国内猕猴桃人工授粉主要以干粉授粉为主,其用时长,受限制条件多,如正午午后柱头干燥或阴雨天等均会影响其授粉的质量。急需提供一种授粉质量稳定且限制条件少的猕猴桃人工授粉技术。
发明内容
为解决上述问题,本发明提供了一种猕猴桃授粉液及制备方法和猕猴桃授粉方法,在正午午后柱头干燥后或阴雨天均可进行授粉,授粉质量稳定。
为实现上述目的,本发明采取的技术方案为:
一种猕猴桃授粉液,由以下质量百分比的原料制备所得:
芸苔素甾醇 0.05~0.07%;DSPE-MPEG2000 1.5~3 %;大球盖菇多糖1~3%;白砂糖0.3~0.7%,植物源胶30%,其余为水。
作为优选,由以下质量百分比的原料制备所得:
芸苔素甾醇 0.05%;DSPE-MPEG2000 1.5%;大球盖菇多糖1%;白砂糖 0.3%,植物源胶30%,其余为水。
作为优选,由以下质量百分比的原料制备所得:
芸苔素甾醇0.07%;DSPE-MPEG2000 3 %;大球盖菇多糖3%;白砂糖 0.7%,植物源胶30%,其余为水。
作为优选,由以下质量百分比的原料制备所得:
芸苔素甾醇 0.06%;DSPE-MPEG2000 2.25%;大球盖菇多糖2%;白砂糖 0.5%,植物源胶30%,其余为水。
本发明还提供了一种制备上述的猕猴桃授粉液的方法,其特征在于:包括如下步骤:
S1、按质量百分比称取各组分;
S2、将植物源胶超声分散于水中,形成植物源胶悬混液;
S3、在65~70℃,0.06MP条件下,向植物源胶悬混液中依次加入大球盖菇多糖、芸苔素甾醇、白砂糖、DSPE-MPEG2000,超声分散30min,冷却至常温,密封保存。
本发明还提供了一种猕猴桃授粉方法,采用上述的猕猴桃授粉液与花粉混合后,通过喷雾器向猕猴桃雌株的花朵上进行喷洒授粉,其中,猕猴桃授粉液与花粉的体积质量比为:100:1~2,按每株猕猴桃雌株0.1mL~0.2mL的进行喷洒授粉。
本发明具有以下有益效果:
通过猕猴桃授粉配方的优化设计,使得花粉无论在阴雨天还是正午午后(雌花花柱粘液稀少时)都可以稳定的吸附在雌花柱头上,授粉质量稳定,协同芸苔素甾醇和大球盖菇多糖的添加,可以显著提高猕猴桃的座果率和优果率。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明进行详细说明。以下实施例将有助于本领域的技术人员进一步理解本发明,但不以任何形式限制本发明。应当指出的是,对本领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明构思的前提下,还可以做出若干变形和改进。这些都属于本发明的保护范围。
实施例1
一种猕猴桃授粉液,由以下质量百分比的原料制备所得:
芸苔素甾醇 0.05%;DSPE-MPEG2000 1.5%;大球盖菇多糖1%;白砂糖 0.3%,魔芋胶30%,其余为水。
实施例2
一种猕猴桃授粉液,由以下质量百分比的原料制备所得:
芸苔素甾醇0.07%;DSPE-MPEG2000 3 %;大球盖菇多糖3%;白砂糖 0.7%,魔芋胶30%,其余为水。
实施例3
一种猕猴桃授粉液,由以下质量百分比的原料制备所得:
芸苔素甾醇 0.06%;DSPE-MPEG2000 2.25%;大球盖菇多糖2%;白砂糖 0.5%,魔芋胶30%,其余为水。
制备方法:
S1、按质量百分比称取各组分;
S2、将魔芋胶超声分散于水中,形成植物源胶悬混液;
S3、在65~70℃,0.06MP条件下,向植物源胶悬混液中依次加入大球盖菇多糖、芸苔素甾醇、白砂糖、DSPE-MPEG2000,超声分散30min,冷却至常温,密封保存。
对比例1
一种猕猴桃授粉液,由以下质量百分比的原料制备所得:
芸苔素甾醇 0.05%;大球盖菇多糖1%;白砂糖 0.3%,魔芋胶30%,其余为水。
制备时,将魔芋胶超声分散于水中,形成植物源胶悬混液;在65~70℃,0.06MP条件下,向植物源胶悬混液中依次加入大球盖菇多糖、芸苔素甾醇、白砂糖,超声分散30min,冷却至常温,密封保存。
对比例2
一种猕猴桃授粉液,由以下质量百分比的原料制备所得:
芸苔素甾醇0.07%;DSPE-MPEG2000 3 %;白砂糖 0.7%,魔芋胶30%,其余为水。
制备时,将魔芋胶超声分散于水中,形成植物源胶悬混液;在65~70℃,0.06MP条件下,向植物源胶悬混液中依次加入芸苔素甾醇、白砂糖、DSPE-MPEG2000,超声分散30min,冷却至常温,密封保存。
供试品种为8年生的高接红阳猕猴桃,在猕猴桃果园划定3个试验区A、B、C和3对照区D、E、F,各20株。
试验区A:在1/2~2/3的雌花开放时,于露水干后进行喷雾授粉,大风天不宜进行,将实施例1所得的猕猴桃授粉液与花粉按100:2的比例混合后,通过喷雾器向猕猴桃雌株的花朵上进行喷雾授粉,喷雾器距离花约15cm左右,每朵花喷2下,也就是0.2mL。
试验区B:采用实施例2所得的猕猴桃授粉液,其余设计同试验区A;
试验区C:采用实施例3所得的猕猴桃授粉液,其余设计同试验区A;
对照区D:采用对比例1所得的猕猴桃授粉液,其余设计同试验区A;
对照区E:采用对比例2所得的猕猴桃授粉液,其余设计同试验区A
对照区F:采用人工点粉,用毛笔或棉签对供试花朵进行人工点授。
检测指标:花朵坐果率。
结果:
可见,试验区A、B和C的花朵坐果率均显著高于对照区D、E、F,同时,基于对照区D和对照区E和试验区的对比情况,可以得出DSPE-MPEG2000 、大球盖菇多糖两者同时添加时,具有协同增效的作用。
另,选取两个试验区,各20株,其中一个试验区选择阴雨天,采用试验区A的授粉方式授粉;另一个试验区选择在正午午后(雌花花柱粘液稀少时)采用试验区A的授粉方式授粉,统计两个试验区的花朵坐果率,结果:阴雨天组:81.17%;正午午后组:81.39%,可见,本发明的授粉方法无论在阴雨天还是正午午后(雌花花柱粘液稀少时)都可以使得花粉稳定的吸附在雌花柱头上,授粉质量稳定。
选取各试验区和对照区的15个典型果实(个头最大的),测定其单果质量,结果:试验区所得的猕猴桃单果质量均显著高于对照区E和F,高于对照区D,较对照区F,增重20%左右。
以上对本发明的具体实施例进行了描述。需要理解的是,本发明并不局限于上述特定实施方式,本领域技术人员可以在权利要求的范围内做出各种变化或修改,这并不影响本发明的实质内容。在不冲突的情况下,本申请的实施例和实施例中的特征可以任意相互组合。

Claims (8)

1.一种猕猴桃授粉液,其特征在于:由以下质量百分比的原料制备所得:
芸苔素甾醇 0.05~0.07%;DSPE-MPEG2000 1.5~3 %;大球盖菇多糖1~3%;白砂糖0.3~0.7%,魔芋胶30%,其余为水。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种猕猴桃授粉液,其特征在于:由以下质量百分比的原料制备所得:
芸苔素甾醇 0.05%;DSPE-MPEG2000 1.5%;大球盖菇多糖1%;白砂糖 0.3%,魔芋胶30%,其余为水。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种猕猴桃授粉液,其特征在于:由以下质量百分比的原料制备所得:
芸苔素甾醇0.07%;DSPE-MPEG2000 3 %;大球盖菇多糖3%;白砂糖 0.7%,魔芋胶30%,其余为水。
4.如权利要求1所述的一种猕猴桃授粉液,其特征在于:由以下质量百分比的原料制备所得:
芸苔素甾醇 0.06%;DSPE-MPEG2000 2.25%;大球盖菇多糖2%;白砂糖 0.5%,魔芋胶30%,其余为水。
5.一种制备如权利要求1~4任一项所述的猕猴桃授粉液的方法,其特征在于:包括如下步骤:
S1、按质量百分比称取各组分;
S2、将魔芋胶超声分散于水中,形成魔芋胶悬混液;
S3、在65~70℃,0.06MP条件下,向魔芋胶悬混液中依次加入大球盖菇多糖、芸苔素甾醇、白砂糖、DSPE-MPEG2000,超声分散30min,冷却至常温,密封保存。
6.一种猕猴桃授粉方法,其特征在于:采用权利要求1~4中任意一项所述的猕猴桃授粉液与花粉混合后,通过喷雾器向猕猴桃雌株的花朵上进行喷洒授粉。
7.如权利要求6所述的猕猴桃授粉方法,其特征在于:猕猴桃授粉液与花粉的体积质量比为:100:1~2。
8.如权利要求6所述的猕猴桃授粉方法,其特征在于:按每株猕猴桃雌株0.1mL~0.2mL的进行喷洒授粉。
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Citations (1)

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CN114521484A (zh) * 2020-11-23 2022-05-24 成都新朝阳作物科学股份有限公司 含14-羟基芸苔素甾醇的授粉液及其制备方法和应用

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114521484A (zh) * 2020-11-23 2022-05-24 成都新朝阳作物科学股份有限公司 含14-羟基芸苔素甾醇的授粉液及其制备方法和应用

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
基于蛋白质组解析大球盖菇多糖促进猕猴桃生长及抗高温的分子机制;肖文斐 等;核农学报;全文 *

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