CN115411516A - Rotatory MINKOWSKI fractal patch antenna - Google Patents
Rotatory MINKOWSKI fractal patch antenna Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005549 size reduction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 12
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rotary MINKOWSKI fractal patch antenna, which comprises a rotary MINKOWSKI fractal patch antenna, a substrate, a feeder line and a floor, wherein the substrate is provided with a substrate; a rotary MINKOWSKI fractal patch antenna is a novel fractal shape, an ideal first-order fractal digs a fractal regular polygon hole in the middle point of the side line of a basic regular polygon with the number of sides n, one vertex of the hole is superposed with the middle point, the included angle between one side and the side of the basic regular polygon is alpha, the fractal iteration factor is 1/m, m and n are natural numbers, and n is a natural number>When n is>M is more than or equal to n when 3 hours, m is more than or equal to 4 when n =3 hours, the second-order fractal is positioned at 1/4 and 3/4 of the side length of the basic regular polygon, a regular polygon second-order hole a is dug inwards respectively, a second-order hole b is dug outside the midpoint of the sideline of the first-order fractal regular polygon hole, and in practical application, a first-order hole is dug outside the midpoint of the sideline of the first-order fractal regular polygon holeThe positions of the fractal hole, the second-order hole a and the second-order hole b move outwards or inwards respectively by delta along the direction vertical to the corresponding side line 1 、δ 3 、δ 2 The feed line is formed by connecting straight line and regular polygon ring microstrip lines by adopting a coplanar coupling feed mode.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a patch antenna, in particular to a rotary MINKOWSKI fractal patch antenna.
Background
The patch antenna is widely used in the field of communications, is an antenna with a small profile and easy to conform, but for a low frequency band below a radio frequency band, such as an L-band, a plane size is large, and it is often desired that the plane size is more miniaturized.
The square patch antenna has a method of miniaturization by using a fractal method, but the fractal method can be more diversified.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a rotary MINKOWSKI fractal patch antenna to solve the problem of miniaturization of the conventional square patch antenna.
Therefore, the invention provides a rotary MINKOWSKI fractal patch antenna, which comprises a rotary MINKOWSKI fractal patch antenna (1), a substrate (2), a feeder (3), a floor (4) and the like.
The invention relates to a rotary MINKOWSKI fractal patch antenna, wherein the rotary MINKOWSKI fractal patch antenna (1) is characterized in that a fractal regular polygon hole is dug inwards at the midpoint of the edge of a basic regular polygon with complete reference side length L according to a fractal geometric theory and the existing MINKOWSKI fractal method, the number of polygon sides is n, a fractal iteration factor is 1/m, m and n are natural numbers, and n is a natural number>When n is>M is more than or equal to n when 3, m is more than or equal to 4 when n =3, in the embodiment of the invention, m = n is 4,L which is 30mm, and the iteration factor is 1/4; the ideal first-order fractal digs a side with n number and L length inside the middle point of one side of the basic regular polygon 1 The first-order fractal regular polygonal hole is characterized in that a vertex of a regular polygon of the first-order fractal regular polygonal hole is superposed with a middle point of a side of a basic regular polygon with the side length of L, an included angle of the side of the first-order regular polygonal hole, which connects the point, with the side of the basic regular polygon passing through the point is alpha, the value range of the alpha is (0 degrees and 180 degrees), the alpha is 45 degrees in the embodiment of the invention, and then the first-order regular polygonal hole is annularly arrayed by taking the center of the basic regular polygon with the side length of L as a rotating center by 360 degrees and n units; ideal second-order fractal is based on the first order, and regular polygon second-order holes a are respectively dug inwards at the midpoints of two sides of the midpoint of one side of the basic regular polygon with the side length of L, namely the midpoints of two sides of the point divided by the first-order regular polygon hole, namely the 1/4 and 3/4 positions of the side length of the basic regular polygon, the number of sides of the regular polygon second-order holes a is n, and the side length is L 2a The angle between one vertex of the regular polygon secondary hole a and a point which is 1/4 and 3/4 of the side length of the basic regular polygon is alpha, the angle between the side of the regular polygon secondary hole a connecting the point and the side of the basic regular polygon passing through the point is alpha, the value range of alpha is (0 degrees and 180 degrees), and the angle of alpha is 45 degrees in the embodiment of the invention; while in one-step fractal regular polygon holeDigging a side outside the middle point, wherein the number of the sides is n, and the side length is L 2b ＝L/m/m＝L/m 2 The regular polygon second-order hole b is characterized in that one vertex of the regular polygon second-order hole b is superposed with the middle point of the side length of the first-order regular polygon hole, the side angle of the point, which is connected with the vertex of the regular polygon second-order hole b, of the regular polygon second-order hole b and the first-order regular polygon hole passing through the point is alpha, the alpha value range is (0 degrees and 180 degrees), the alpha value range is 45 degrees, and then the side length is L 1 The center of the first-order regular polygonal hole is a 360-degree n unit annular array regular polygonal second-order hole b, when n is large, for example, n is larger than or equal to 5, array units which are in the second-order hole b array, cross cut with the second-order hole a and the basic regular polygon of the first order and are arranged in each previous order are eliminated, and no hole is dug in the eliminated array units; finally, taking the center of a basic regular polygon with the side length of L as a rotation center, and forming a 360-degree n unit annular array regular polygon second-order hole a and a second-order hole b; by analogy, holes are dug on the basis of the previous-order fractal, array units with smaller sizes in array units which are crossly cut with other holes of the same order, holes of the previous orders and the basic regular polygon in the hole array are excluded, and the excluded array units do not dig holes and can be three-order … …; in practical application, the position of the ideal first-order regular polygon fractal hole is moved to the inner side or the outer side along the direction vertical to the side of the basic regular polygon by delta by taking the coincident point of the ideal first-order regular polygon fractal hole and the corresponding side of the basic regular polygon as a base point 1 Cutting and crushing in an intersecting way to make the basic regular polygon and the first-order fractal regular polygon partially and wholly self-similar; on the basis of first-order fractal, in practical application, the position of a second-order hole a of an ideal regular polygon is moved to the inner side or the outer side by delta by taking a point coincident with the corresponding side of the basic regular polygon as a base point along the direction vertical to the side of the basic regular polygon 3 Cutting and crushing in an intersecting way to enable the secondary holes a of the basic regular polygon and the fractal regular polygon to be locally and integrally self-similar; meanwhile, on the basis of first-order fractal, in practical application, the position of a second-order hole b of an ideal regular polygon is moved to the inner side or the outer side by delta by taking a point coincident with the corresponding side of the first-order regular polygon as a base point along the direction vertical to the side of the first-order regular polygon hole 2 Cutting and crushing in a crossing mannerThe second-order holes b of the basic regular polygon and the fractal regular polygon are locally and integrally self-similar; so that three steps and four steps … … can be provided; example of the invention delta 1 About 0.6967mm (to the inside of the basic regular polygon), δ 2 =0.11mm (to the inside of the first-order regular polygon), δ 3 =0.05mm (outside the basic regular polygon); the thickness of the rotary MINKOWSKI fractal patch antenna (1) is 0.01mm, and the material is gold.
The invention relates to a rotary MINKOWSKI fractal patch antenna, wherein a substrate (2) is silicon dioxide with a side length of 55mm square and a thickness of 1.5mm in the embodiment of the invention, the rotary MINKOWSKI fractal patch antenna (1) is positioned in the center of the upper surface of the substrate (2), and one side of the rotary MINKOWSKI fractal patch antenna is parallel to the side line of the substrate (2).
The invention relates to a rotary MINKOWSKI fractal patch antenna, wherein a feeder (3) is positioned in the middle of a first-order fractal regular polygonal hole of a rotary MINKOWSKI fractal patch antenna (1) on the upper surface of a substrate (2) and is coplanar with the rotary MINKOWSKI fractal patch antenna (1), a coplanar coupling feeding mode is adopted, the feeder (3) is formed by connecting a section of linear microstrip line and a section of regular polygonal annular microstrip line, the central line of the linear microstrip line is aligned with the center of a basic regular polygon of the rotary MINKOWSKI fractal patch antenna (1) and is vertical to a section of the basic regular polygon of the rotary MINKOWSKI fractal patch antenna (1) which is parallel to the side line of the substrate (2), the geometric center of the regular polygonal annular microstrip line is superposed with the center of the corresponding first-order fractal regular polygonal hole, the outer side line of the regular polygonal microstrip line is parallel to the corresponding first-order regular polygonal side line of the rotary MINKOWSKI fractal patch antenna (1) and has equidistant polygonal gaps, the microstrip line width of the regular polygonal patch antenna is equal, and the actual application of the basic regular polygonal patch antenna in the first-order regular polygonal hole moves towards a delta 1 When the micro-strip line is in use, equidistant slots gap are formed in two sides of the straight-line segment micro-strip line and are the same as and communicated with the equidistant slots gap of the regular polygon ring segment micro-strip line and the first-order fractal regular polygon hole, and the line width and the slots gap of the micro-strip line are calculated through simulation; the thickness of the feeder (3) of the embodiment of the invention is 0.01mm, and the line width W of the feeder (3) of the patch antenna is W when the first-order fractal exists 1 =0.06mm, gap is gap in first-order fractal 1 =0.045mm; second-order fractal time patch antenna feeder (3) line width W 2 =0.01mm, gap is gap when second-order fractal 2 =0.095mm, and the material of the feeder (3) is gold.
The invention relates to a rotary MINKOWSKI fractal patch antenna, wherein a floor (4) is gold with the side length of 55mm square and the thickness of 0.01mm in the embodiment of the invention, and is positioned on the lower surface of a substrate (2) and aligned with the substrate (2).
The invention relates to a rotary MINKOWSKI fractal patch antenna, which is characterized in that a comparison reference is that gold is used as a material, a complete basic square patch antenna with the side length of L =30mm and the thickness of 0.01mm adopts the same silicon dioxide substrate with the side length of 55mm square and the thickness of 1.5mm, a floor is made of gold with the side length of 55mm square and the thickness of 0.01mm, the basic square patch antenna is positioned at the center of the upper surface of the substrate, one side of the basic square patch antenna is parallel to the side line of the substrate, and the floor is positioned on the lower surface of the substrate and is aligned with the substrate; the feed mode is the coplanar contact feed of the conventional microstrip line, the feeder line is positioned on the upper surface of the substrate and is coplanar with the patch antenna, the tail end of the microstrip line is perpendicular to the side of the basic square patch antenna parallel to the side line of the substrate and is connected with the midpoint of the microstrip line, the thickness of the feeder line is 0.01mm in the embodiment of the invention, and the line width is 0.07mm through simulation calculation.
According to the rotary MINKOWSKI fractal patch antenna, the practical application of the rotary MINKOWSKI fractal patch antenna is that the rotary MINKOWSKI fractal patch antenna resonates at 2.18GHZ through simulation calculation of HFSS electromagnetic field simulation software at the first order, and the return loss of S11 is-24.613797 db; a second-order rotary MINKOWSKI fractal patch antenna is subjected to simulation calculation by HFSS electromagnetic field simulation software to resonate at 1.84GHZ, and the return loss of S11 is-13.374515 db; comparing a basic square patch antenna with a reference side length of L and completely resonating at 2.43GHZ by simulation calculation of HFSS electromagnetic field simulation software, wherein the return loss of S11 is-12.399686 db; the first-order rotary MINKOWSKI fractal patch antenna is equivalent to 10.3% of size reduction relative to the basic square patch antenna with the complete reference side length L, and the second-order rotary MINKOWSKI fractal patch antenna is equivalent to 24.3% of size reduction relative to the basic square patch antenna with the complete reference side length L.
Drawings
FIG. 1: the shape schematic diagram of a rotary MINKOWSKI fractal patch antenna is actually applied in the second order of the specific embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram: the specific implementation scheme of the invention is that a shape schematic diagram of a rotary MINKOWSKI fractal patch antenna is actually applied to the first order;
FIG. 3: the invention discloses a schematic diagram of ideal first-order and second-order fractal shapes of a rotary MINKOWSKI fractal patch antenna in a specific embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of: the specific implementation scheme of the invention adopts a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional model of a rotary MINKOWSKI fractal patch antenna in HFSS simulation software and a simulation result of S11 parameters in second order practical application;
FIG. 5: the specific implementation scheme of the invention is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional model of a rotary MINKOWSKI fractal patch antenna in HFSS simulation software and a simulation result of S11 parameters in first-order practical application;
FIG. 6: the specific implementation scheme of the invention is that the comparison refers to a three-dimensional model of a basic square patch antenna with complete side length L in HFSS simulation software and a schematic diagram of S11 parameter simulation results;
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1-5: the invention relates to a rotary MINKOWSKI fractal patch antenna, wherein the rotary MINKOWSKI fractal patch antenna (1) is characterized in that a fractal regular polygon hole is dug inwards at the midpoint of the edge of a basic regular polygon with complete reference side length L according to a fractal geometric theory and the existing MINKOWSKI fractal method, the number of polygon sides is n, a fractal iteration factor is 1/m, m and n are natural numbers, and n is a natural number>When n is>M is more than or equal to n when 3 hours, m is more than or equal to 4 when n =3 hours, in the embodiment of the invention, m = n is 4,L is 30mm, and the iteration factor is 1/4; the ideal first-order fractal digs a side with n number and L length inside the middle point of one side of the basic regular polygon 1 A regular polygon with a length of L/m, wherein one vertex of a regular polygon of the first-order fractal regular polygon coincides with the middle point of the side of the basic regular polygon with a length of L, the included angle between the side of the first-order regular polygon connecting the point and the side of the basic regular polygon passing through the point is alpha, the value range of alpha is (0 degrees and 180 degrees), the alpha of the embodiment of the invention is 45 degrees, and then the center of the basic regular polygon with a length of L is taken as a rotationA first-order regular polygonal hole of n unit annular arrays rotating by 360 degrees at the center; ideal second-order fractal is based on the first order, and regular polygon second-order holes a are respectively dug inwards at the midpoints of two sides of the midpoint of one side of the basic regular polygon with the side length of L, namely the midpoints of two sides of the point divided by the first-order regular polygon hole, namely the 1/4 and 3/4 positions of the side length of the basic regular polygon, the number of sides of the regular polygon second-order holes a is n, and the side length is L 2a The angle between one vertex of the regular polygon secondary hole a and a point which is 1/4 and 3/4 of the side length of the basic regular polygon is alpha, the angle between the side of the regular polygon secondary hole a connecting the point and the side of the basic regular polygon passing through the point is alpha, the value range of alpha is (0 degrees and 180 degrees), and the angle of alpha is 45 degrees in the embodiment of the invention; simultaneously, digging a side with n number and L length outside the middle point of one side of the first-order fractal regular polygon hole 2b ＝L/m/m＝L/m 2 The regular polygon second-order hole b is characterized in that one vertex of the regular polygon second-order hole b is superposed with the middle point of the side length of the first-order regular polygon hole, the side angle of the point, which is connected with the vertex of the regular polygon second-order hole b, of the regular polygon second-order hole b and the first-order regular polygon hole passing through the point is alpha, the alpha value range is (0 degrees and 180 degrees), the alpha value range is 45 degrees, and then the side length is L 1 The center of the first-order regular polygon hole is a second-order regular polygon hole b of a 360-degree n-unit annular array at the rotating center, when n is large, for example, n is larger than or equal to 5, array units which are arranged in the second-order hole b array, cross cut with the second-order hole a and the basic regular polygon of the first order and are arranged in each previous order are removed, and holes are not dug in the removed array units; finally, taking the center of a basic regular polygon with the side length of L as a rotation center, and taking the center as a 360-degree n unit annular array regular polygon second-order hole a and second-order hole b; by analogy, holes are dug on the basis of the previous-order fractal, array units with smaller sizes in array units which are crossly cut with other holes of the same order, holes of the previous orders and the basic regular polygon in the hole array are excluded, and the excluded array units do not dig holes and can be three-order … …; in practical application, the position of the ideal first-order regular polygon fractal hole is moved to the inner side or the outer side along the direction vertical to the side of the basic regular polygon by delta by taking the coincident point of the ideal first-order regular polygon fractal hole and the corresponding side of the basic regular polygon as a base point 1 Cutting and crushing in an intersecting way to enable the basic regular polygon and the first-order fractal regular polygon to be locally and integrally self-similar; on the basis of first-order fractal, in practical application, the position of a second-order hole a of an ideal regular polygon is moved to the inner side or the outer side by delta by taking a point coincident with the corresponding side of the basic regular polygon as a base point along the direction vertical to the side of the basic regular polygon 3 Cutting and crushing in an intersecting way to ensure that the secondary holes a of the basic regular polygon and the fractal regular polygon are locally and integrally self-similar; meanwhile, on the basis of first-order fractal, in practical application, the position of a second-order hole b of an ideal regular polygon is moved to the inner side or the outer side by delta by taking a point coincident with the corresponding side of the first-order regular polygon as a base point along the direction vertical to the side of the first-order regular polygon hole 2 Cutting and crushing the two holes in an intersecting way to ensure that the secondary holes b of the basic regular polygon and the fractal regular polygon are locally and integrally self-similar; so that three steps and four steps … … can be provided; example of the invention delta 1 About 0.6967mm (to the inside of the basic regular polygon), δ 2 =0.11mm (to the inside of the first-order regular polygon), δ 3 =0.05mm (outside the basic regular polygon); the thickness of the rotary MINKOWSKI fractal patch antenna (1) is 0.01mm, and the material is gold.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5: the invention relates to a rotary MINKOWSKI fractal patch antenna, wherein a substrate (2) is silicon dioxide with a side length of 55mm square and a thickness of 1.5mm in the embodiment of the invention, and the rotary MINKOWSKI fractal patch antenna (1) is positioned in the center of the upper surface of the substrate (2) and one side of the rotary MINKOWSKI fractal patch antenna is parallel to the side line of the substrate (2).
As shown in fig. 1-5: the invention relates to a rotary MINKOWSKI fractal patch antenna, wherein a feeder (3) is positioned in the middle of a first-order fractal regular polygonal hole of a rotary MINKOWSKI fractal patch antenna (1) on the upper surface of a substrate (2), is coplanar with the rotary MINKOWSKI fractal patch antenna (1), and adopts a coplanar coupling feed mode, the feeder (3) is formed by connecting a section of linear microstrip line and a section of regular polygonal annular microstrip line, the central line of the linear microstrip line is aligned with the center of the basic regular polygon of the rotary MINKOWSKI fractal patch antenna (1), is vertical to the side parallel to the basic regular polygon of the rotary MINKOWSKI fractal patch antenna (1) and the side line of the substrate (2), and passes through the midpoint of the linear microstrip line and the regular polygonThe geometric center of the polygonal annular section microstrip line is superposed with the center of the corresponding first-order fractal regular polygon, the outer side line of the regular polygonal annular section microstrip line is parallel to the corresponding first-order fractal regular polygon edge of the rotary MINKOWSKI fractal patch antenna (1) and has equidistant gaps gap, the line widths of the straight line section microstrip line and the regular polygonal annular section microstrip line are equal, and the first-order fractal regular polygon hole moves delta to the inner side of the basic regular polygon in practical application 1 When the micro-strip line is in a straight-line shape, equidistant gaps gap are formed on two sides of the straight-line section micro-strip line and are the same as and communicated with the equidistant gaps gap of the regular polygon ring-shaped section micro-strip line and the first-order fractal regular polygon hole, and the line width and the gaps gap of the micro-strip line are calculated through simulation; the thickness of the feeder (3) of the embodiment of the invention is 0.01mm, and the line width W of the feeder (3) of the patch antenna is W when the first-order fractal exists 1 =0.06mm, gap is gap when first-order fractal 1 =0.045mm; second-order fractal time patch antenna feeder (3) line width W 2 =0.01mm, gap is gap when second-order fractal 2 =0.095mm, and the material of the feeder (3) is gold.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5: the invention relates to a rotary MINKOWSKI fractal patch antenna, wherein a floor (4) is gold with the side length of 55mm square and the thickness of 0.01mm in the embodiment of the invention, and is positioned on the lower surface of a substrate (2) and aligned with the substrate (2).
As shown in fig. 6: the invention relates to a rotary MINKOWSKI fractal patch antenna, which is characterized in that a comparison reference is that gold is used as a material, a complete basic square patch antenna with the side length of L =30mm and the thickness of 0.01mm adopts the same silicon dioxide substrate with the side length of 55mm square and the thickness of 1.5mm, a floor is made of gold with the side length of 55mm square and the thickness of 0.01mm, the basic square patch antenna is positioned at the center of the upper surface of the substrate, one side of the basic square patch antenna is parallel to the side line of the substrate, and the floor is positioned on the lower surface of the substrate and is aligned with the substrate; the feed mode is the coplanar contact feed of the conventional microstrip line, the feeder line is positioned on the upper surface of the substrate and is coplanar with the patch antenna, the tail end of the microstrip line is perpendicular to the side of the basic square patch antenna parallel to the side line of the substrate and is connected with the midpoint of the microstrip line, the thickness of the feeder line in the embodiment of the invention is 0.01mm, and the line width is 0.07mm through simulation calculation.
As shown in fig. 4-6: according to the rotary MINKOWSKI fractal patch antenna, the practical application of the rotary MINKOWSKI fractal patch antenna is that the rotary MINKOWSKI fractal patch antenna resonates at 2.18GHZ through simulation calculation of HFSS electromagnetic field simulation software at the first order, and the return loss of S11 is-24.613797 db; a second-order rotary MINKOWSKI fractal patch antenna resonates at 1.84GHZ through simulation calculation of HFSS electromagnetic field simulation software, and the return loss of S11 is-13.374515 db; comparing a basic square patch antenna with the complete reference side length L, and simulating and calculating the resonance at 2.43GHZ by HFSS electromagnetic field simulation software, wherein the return loss of S11 is-12.399686 db; the first-order rotary MINKOWSKI fractal patch antenna is equivalent to 10.3% of size reduction relative to the basic square patch antenna with the complete reference side length L, and the second-order rotary MINKOWSKI fractal patch antenna is equivalent to 24.3% of size reduction relative to the basic square patch antenna with the complete reference side length L.
The processing precision can be improved by adopting the processing mode of the MEMS.
Claims (2)
1. The utility model provides a rotatory MINKOWSKI fractal patch antenna, includes rotatory MINKOWSKI fractal patch antenna (1), basement (2), feeder (3), floor (4), its characterized in that:
a. according to a fractal geometric theory and an existing MINKOWSKI fractal method, a fractal regular polygon hole is dug inwards in the middle point of the edge of a basic regular polygon with a complete reference side length L, the number of polygon sides is n, a fractal iteration factor is 1/m, m and n are natural numbers, and n is a natural number>When n is>M is more than or equal to n when 3 hours, m is more than or equal to 4 when n =3 hours, the number of edges dug inside the middle point of one edge of the basic regular polygon by an ideal first-order fractal is n, and the edge length is L 1 The first-order regular polygon is an ideal second-order fractal, and the side length of the first-order fractal regular polygon is L, the vertex of the regular polygon of the first-order fractal regular polygon is superposed with the middle point of the side of the basic regular polygon with the side length of L, the included angle of the side of the first-order regular polygon, which is connected with the point, and the side of the basic regular polygon passing through the point is alpha, the value range of the alpha is (0 degrees and 180 degrees), then the center of the basic regular polygon with the side length of L is taken as a rotating center, and the 360-degree n unit annular array is the first-order regular polygon, and the ideal second-order fractal is on the basis of the first order, and the side length of the first-order regular polygon is LThe middle points of two sides of the point, namely the middle points of two sides of the point divided by the first-order regular polygon hole, namely the positions of 1/4 and 3/4 of the side length of the basic regular polygon, are respectively dug inwards to form a regular polygon second-order hole a, the number of the sides of the regular polygon second-order hole a is n, and the side length is L 2a The method is characterized in that the method is that = L/2m, one vertex of a regular polygon second-order hole a is superposed with points at positions of 1/4 and 3/4 of the side length of the basic regular polygon, the included angle between one side of the regular polygon second-order hole a connected with the point and the side of the basic regular polygon passing through the point is alpha, the alpha value range is (0 degrees and 180 degrees), meanwhile, n sides are dug outside the middle point of one side of the first-order fractal regular polygon hole, the side length is L, and the number of the sides is n 2b ＝L/m/m＝L/m 2 The regular polygon second-order hole b is characterized in that one vertex of the regular polygon second-order hole b is superposed with the middle point of the side length of the first-order regular polygon hole, the side angle of the point, which is connected with the one side of the point, of the regular polygon second-order hole b and the first-order regular polygon hole, passing through the point is alpha, the alpha value range is (0 degrees and 180 degrees), and then the side length is L 1 When n is larger, for example, n is more than or equal to 5, the array unit which is in the array of the regular polygon and has cross cutting with the second-order hole a and the basic regular polygon of the first order in the array of the second-order hole b is removed, the removed array unit does not dig a hole, finally, the center of the basic regular polygon with the side length of L is used as the center of the array unit of the regular polygon with 360 degrees n and the circular array of the regular polygon of the rotary center, the hole is dug on the basis of the fractal of the previous order, the array unit which has smaller size in the array unit which has cross cutting with other holes of the same order, the holes of the previous order and the basic regular polygon in the array is removed, the removed array unit does not dig a hole, and the array unit can have …;
b. in practical application, the position of the ideal first-order regular polygon fractal hole is moved to the inner side or the outer side by delta by taking a point of coincidence of the ideal first-order regular polygon fractal hole and the corresponding side of the basic regular polygon as a base point along the direction vertical to the side of the basic regular polygon 1 The basic regular polygon and the first-order fractal regular polygon are locally and integrally self-similar by cutting and crushing, and the ideal regular polygon second-order hole is subjected to actual application on the basis of the first-order fractalThe position of a is shifted from the point where it coincides with the corresponding side of the basic regular polygon to the inside or the outside in the direction perpendicular to the side of the basic regular polygon by delta 3 The two-step holes a of the basic regular polygon and the fractal regular polygon are locally and integrally self-similar, and meanwhile, on the basis of the first-order fractal, the position of the two-step hole b of the ideal regular polygon is moved to the inner side or the outer side along the direction vertical to the edge of the first-order regular polygon by delta along the direction vertical to the edge of the first-order regular polygon by taking the point of the two-step hole which is coincident with the corresponding edge of the first-order regular polygon as a base point in practical application 2 Intersecting, cutting and crushing to make the second-order holes b of the basic regular polygon and the fractal regular polygon partially and integrally self-similar, so that the third order and the fourth order … … can be provided by analogy;
c. the feeder (3) is positioned in the middle of a first-order fractal regular polygonal hole of a rotary MINKOWSKI fractal patch antenna (1) on the upper surface of a substrate (2) and is coplanar with the rotary MINKOWSKI fractal patch antenna (1), a coplanar coupling feeding mode is adopted, the feeder (3) is formed by connecting a straight microstrip line and a regular polygonal annular microstrip line, the central line of the straight microstrip line is aligned with the center of a basic regular polygon of the rotary MINKOWSKI fractal patch antenna (1), and is vertical to a side parallel to the basic regular polygon of the rotary MINKOWSKI fractal patch antenna (1) and the side of the substrate (2) and passes through a side line point, the geometric center of the regular polygonal annular section is superposed with the center of the corresponding first-order fractal regular polygonal hole, the outer side of the regular polygonal annular microstrip line is parallel to the corresponding first-order fractal regular polygonal hole of the rotary MINKOWSKI fractal patch antenna (1), and has equidistant gaps gap, the width of the microstrip line is equal to that the regular polygonal annular section, and the width of the microstrip line is equal to that the regular polygonal section 1 And meanwhile, equidistant slots gap are formed in two sides of the straight-line segment microstrip line and are identical to and communicated with the equidistant slots gap of the regular polygon annular segment microstrip line and the first-order fractal regular polygon hole.
2. The rotating MINKOWSKI fractal patch antenna as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the antenna has a reduced size relative to a substantially square patch antenna having a reference side length LThe side length L of the basic regular polygon is 30mm, the number of sides n is 4, the iteration factor 1/m is 1/4, the substrate (2) is silicon dioxide with the side length of 55mm square and the thickness of 1.5mm, the thicknesses of the rotary MINKOWSKI fractal patch antenna (1), the feeder line (3) and the floor (4) are 0.01mm, and when the materials are all gold, the line width of the feeder line (3) of the first-order fractal in practical application is 0.06mm, and the gap of the first-order fractal is gap 1 ＝0.045mm，δ 1 The line width of a feeder line (3) of the second-order fractal is 0.01mm in practical application, and a gap is gap when the second-order fractal is carried out 2 ＝0.095mm，δ 1 About 0.6967mm (to the inside of the basic regular polygon), δ 2 =0.11mm (to the inside of the first-order regular polygon), δ 3 The first-order and second-order fractal regular polygonal holes and the basic regular polygonal shapes which are 0.05mm (towards the outer side of the basic regular polygonal shape) are mutually intersected, cut and broken, the first-order rotary MINKOWSKI fractal patch antenna is simulated and calculated by HFSS electromagnetic field simulation software to resonate at 2.18GHZ, the S11 return loss is 24.613797db, the second-order rotary MINKOWSKI fractal patch antenna is simulated and calculated by HFSS electromagnetic field simulation software to resonate at 1.84GHZ, the S11 return loss is 13.374515db, the first-order rotary MINKOWSKI fractal patch antenna is equivalent to 10.3% of size reduction of the second-order rotary MINKOWSKI fractal patch antenna relative to the basic square patch antenna with the L complete reference side length by HFSS electromagnetic field simulation software, and the second-order rotary MINKOWSKI fractal patch antenna is equivalent to 24.3% of size reduction of the basic square patch antenna with the L complete reference side length.
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| US6127977A (en) * | 1996-11-08 | 2000-10-03 | Cohen; Nathan | Microstrip patch antenna with fractal structure |
| CN103151606A (en) * | 2013-02-04 | 2013-06-12 | 河北科技大学 | Nested type Koch fractal Beidou dual-frequency micro-strip antenna |
| CN113745826A (en) * | 2021-08-25 | 2021-12-03 | 电子科技大学 | Elliptical fractal circular patch antenna |
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