CN115411495A

CN115411495A - Miniaturized bowl-shaped base station antenna unit based on shared dipole arm

Info

Publication number: CN115411495A
Application number: CN202211174000.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈建新; 杨珺尧; 丁鑫浩; 杨汶汶
Original assignee: Nantong University
Current assignee: Nantong University
Priority date: 2022-09-26
Filing date: 2022-09-26
Publication date: 2022-11-29

Abstract

The invention provides a miniaturized bowl-shaped base station antenna unit based on a shared dipole arm, which comprises a reflecting plate, a metal base, four pairs of metal supporting pieces and four metal radiating arms, wherein the top end of each pair of metal supporting pieces is provided with the corresponding metal radiating arm; and a metal feed connecting sheet is arranged between adjacent metal radiating arms, a coaxial cable welding groove is formed at the tail end of each metal radiating arm, an outer conductor of a feed coaxial cable is welded with the coaxial cable welding groove, and an inner conductor of the feed coaxial cable is welded to the metal feed connecting sheet and is connected with the adjacent metal radiating arms through the metal connecting sheets. The four metal radiation arms can be combined in pairs to realize the structural multiplexing of the oscillator arms, and can respectively realize the + 45-degree polarization and the-45-degree polarization of the antenna. According to the invention, through the design of the shared dipole arms, the miniaturization of the dual-polarized base station antenna unit is realized while the antenna performance is ensured, the structure is simple, the installation is easy, and the problem of overlarge size of the existing dual-polarized base station antenna is solved.

Description

Miniaturized bowl-shaped base station antenna unit based on shared dipole arm

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of wireless communication, in particular to a miniaturized bowl-shaped base station antenna unit based on a shared dipole arm.

Background

In recent years, with the advent of the 5G era, wireless communication technology has rapidly developed, and the requirements for the performance of base station antennas have been increasing. It is mainly embodied in two aspects. First, the base station antenna needs to effectively reduce signal attenuation during propagation, enhance signal reliability, and reduce interference. Therefore, the dual-polarized antenna can simultaneously transmit two electromagnetic wave signals with orthogonal polarization, has stronger signal transmission and anti-interference capability, and is widely applied. Second, the base station antenna needs to have a smaller size to reduce manufacturing costs, save installation space, and reduce wind resistance after installation. However, the existing base station antenna realizes dual polarization usually by adopting a ring arrangement mode of four pairs of metal radiating arms, which results in larger volume and can not better meet the above requirements.

In combination with the application requirement of the current base station antenna, and considering the problem of the existing dual-polarized base station antenna that the size is larger, it can be seen that the dual-polarized antenna still has a further improvement space in terms of miniaturization.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to: the defects of the prior art are overcome, and a miniaturized bowl-shaped base station antenna unit based on the shared dipole arms is provided, wherein four pairs of metal radiating arms are reduced into two pairs of metal radiating arms through the design of the shared dipole arms. The antenna element works in the frequency band of 0.69GHz to 0.96GHz, and the aperture can be reduced to 120mm multiplied by 120mm (0.33)λ×0.33λ，λThe wavelength corresponding to the central frequency of the antenna) to a great extent, the defect of large structure size commonly existing in the prior similar antenna is overcome.

In order to achieve the object of the present invention, the miniaturized base station antenna unit based on a shared dipole arm is characterized by comprising: the metal radiation device comprises a reflecting plate, a metal base arranged above the reflecting plate and four metal radiation arms which are supported above the metal base through metal supporting pieces and are arranged in a square shape at intervals, wherein the four metal radiation arms are sequentially a first metal radiation arm, a second metal radiation arm, a third metal radiation arm and a fourth metal radiation arm; the coaxial cable sequentially comprises an inner conductor, a dielectric layer and an outer conductor from inside to outside, the outer conductor of the coaxial cable is in conductive connection with the second metal radiating arm and the fourth metal radiating arm, and the inner conductor of the coaxial cable is in conductive connection with the metal feed connecting sheet.

When the first metal radiating arm and the fourth metal radiating arm are combined into a pair of radiating oscillators, and the second metal radiating arm and the third metal radiating arm are combined into a pair of radiating oscillators, the polarization direction of the antenna is +45 degrees; when the first metal radiating arm and the second metal radiating arm are combined into a pair of radiating oscillators, and the third metal radiating arm and the fourth metal radiating arm are combined into a pair of radiating oscillators, the polarization direction of the antenna is-45 degrees.

Therefore, compared with the traditional bowl-shaped base station antenna which needs four pairs of dipole arms to realize dual polarization, the invention can realize dual polarization of the antenna only by two pairs of dipole arms. According to the invention, through the design of the shared dipole arms, the miniaturization of the antenna unit of the dual-polarized base station is realized while the antenna performance is ensured, the structure is simple, the installation is easy, and the problem of overlarge size of the conventional dual-polarized base station antenna is solved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a shared dipole arm structure according to an embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 3 is a top view of an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a bottom view of an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a side view of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 shows an embodiment of S ₁₁ And S ₁₂ A graph.

FIG. 7 is a gain diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a pattern at the 800MHz frequency point for an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a pattern diagram of an embodiment of the present invention at 900MHz frequency.

In the attached drawings, 1-a reflecting plate; 2-a metal base; 3-metal feed connecting sheet; 4-a metal support; 5-a metallic radiating arm; 6-coaxial cable; 7-coaxial cable soldering bath.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific embodiments.

Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a miniaturized base station antenna unit based on a shared dipole arm, which comprises a reflector 1, a metal base 2 and four pairs of metal supporting members 4, wherein the metal supporting members 4 are mounted on the metal base 2, and a metal radiating arm 5 is connected to the top end of each metal supporting member 4. The metal base 2 is a square ring structure. The metal support 4 forms an angle of 45 degrees with the metal base 2. Each pair of metal supports 4 has two metal supports 4, and a metal radiating arm 5 is fixed between the metal supports 4. The four metal radiating arms 5 are arranged in a square at intervals, and the four metal radiating arms 5 are respectively a first metal radiating arm 51, a second metal radiating arm 52, a third metal radiating arm 53 and a fourth metal radiating arm 54.

The two metal radiating arms 5 at the top end of each pair of metal supporting pieces 4 are connected through a metal feeding connecting piece 3. Specifically, in this embodiment, a coaxial cable welding groove 7 is provided at the upper end of the metal supporting member 4 for fixing the second metal radiating arm 52 and the fourth metal radiating arm 54, the outer conductor of the coaxial cable 6 is welded and fixed to the coaxial cable welding groove 7, the inner conductor of the coaxial cable 6 is welded to the first end of the metal feeding connecting piece 3, and the second end of the metal feeding connecting piece 3 is electrically connected to the adjacent metal radiating arm 5 (the first metal radiating arm 51 and the third metal radiating arm 53). Specifically, the second end of the metal feeding connecting piece 3 is welded to a welding terminal protruding from the upper surface of the metal supporting member 4 for fixing the adjacent metal radiating arm 5 (the first metal radiating arm 51 and the third metal radiating arm 53). The inner conductor of the coaxial cable 6 extends and is soldered to a metallic feed tab 3 by which it is connected to the adjacent further metallic radiating arm 5 to effect the feed.

The metal radiation arms 5 are vertical to the reflecting plate 1, and every two adjacent metal radiation arms 5 form an angle of 90 degrees with each other; each pair of metal supports 4 shares a metal radiating arm 5. The projection of the four pairs of metal radiating arms 5 on the reflecting plate 1 is square. The metal radiating arm 5, the metal base 2 and the metal support 4 form a bowl.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, port 1 and port 3 are fed differentially, and a half-wave dipole composed of the first metal radiating arm 51 and the second metal radiating arm 52, and a half-wave dipole composed of the third metal radiating arm 53 and the fourth metal radiating arm 54 implement-45 degree polarization operation. And the port 2 and the port 4 are fed differentially, and a half-wave dipole consisting of the first metal radiating arm 51 and the fourth metal radiating arm 54 and a half-wave dipole consisting of the second metal radiating arm 52 and the third metal radiating arm 53 realize + 45-degree polarization operation.

The antenna unit of the embodiment works in a frequency band of 0.69GHz to 0.96GHz, and the plane size of the antenna unit is only 120mm multiplied by 120mm (0.33)λ×0.33λ，λFor a wavelength corresponding to the antenna center frequency), the advantage of miniaturization is obvious.

Fig. 6 and 7 show return loss, isolation and gain of an embodiment of the invention. The result shows that the working bandwidth of the antenna is 0.69GHz to 0.96GHz, the relative bandwidth is 35.7%, the return loss is less than-15 dB, the isolation is greater than 27dB, and the gain is about 9dBi.

Fig. 8 and 9 show the radiation patterns of the present invention at 0.8GHz and 0.9 GHz. The results show that the 3db beamwidth of the antenna is 69 ° ± 2 °, and the antenna has a very stable radiation pattern in the operating frequency band.

In addition to the above embodiments, the present invention may have other embodiments. All technical solutions formed by adopting equivalent substitutions or equivalent transformations fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A miniaturized base station antenna unit based on a shared dipole arm, comprising: the metal radiation antenna comprises a reflecting plate (1), a metal base (2) arranged above the reflecting plate (1) and four metal radiation arms (5) which are supported above the metal base (2) through metal supporting pieces (4) and are arranged in a square shape at intervals, wherein the four metal radiation arms (5) are sequentially a first metal radiation arm, a second metal radiation arm, a third metal radiation arm and a fourth metal radiation arm (51, 52, 53 and 54), adjacent metal radiation arms (5) are connected through a metal feed connecting piece (3), two ends of the first metal radiation arm (51) and two ends of the third metal radiation arm (53) are in conductive connection with the metal feed connecting piece (3), and two ends of the second metal radiation arm (52) and two ends of the fourth metal radiation arm (54) are connected with the corresponding metal feed connecting pieces (3) through coaxial cables (6); the coaxial cable sequentially comprises an inner conductor, a dielectric layer and an outer conductor from inside to outside, the outer conductor of the coaxial cable (6) is in conductive connection with the second metal radiating arm (52) and the fourth metal radiating arm (54), and the inner conductor of the coaxial cable (6) is in conductive connection with the metal feed connecting sheet (3).

2. The miniaturized base station antenna unit based on a shared dipole arm of claim 1, wherein: when the first metal radiating arm (51) and the fourth metal radiating arm (54) are combined into a pair of radiating oscillators, and the second metal radiating arm (52) and the third metal radiating arm (53) are combined into a pair of radiating oscillators, the polarization direction of the antenna is +45 degrees; when the first metal radiating arm (51) and the second metal radiating arm (52) are combined into a pair of radiating oscillators, and the third metal radiating arm (53) and the fourth metal radiating arm (54) are combined into a pair of radiating oscillators, the polarization direction of the antenna is-45 degrees.

3. The miniaturized base station antenna unit based on a shared dipole arm of claim 1, wherein: the metal base (2) is of a square annular structure.

4. The miniaturized base station antenna unit based on a shared dipole arm of claim 1, wherein: the metal supports (4) have four pairs in total, each pair of metal supports (4) has two metal supports (4), and the metal radiating arms (5) are fixed between the metal supports (4).

5. The shared dipole arm based miniaturized base station antenna unit of claim 4, wherein: the metal supporting piece (4) and the metal base (2) form an included angle of 45 degrees.

6. The miniaturized base station antenna unit based on a shared dipole arm of claim 4, wherein: the upper end of a metal support piece (4) used for fixing the second metal radiating arm (52) and the fourth metal radiating arm (54) is provided with a coaxial cable welding groove (7), the outer conductor of the coaxial cable (6) is welded and fixed with the coaxial cable welding groove (7), and the metal feed connecting sheet (3) is welded with the inner conductor of the coaxial cable (6).

7. A shared dipole arm based miniaturized base station antenna unit as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the distance between the metal radiation arm (5) and the reflecting plate (1) is 1/4 of the central frequency wavelength.

8. The miniaturized base station antenna unit based on a shared dipole arm of claim 1, wherein: the metal base (2), the metal supporting piece (4) and the metal radiation arm (5) are integrally formed in a die-casting mode.

9. An antenna, characterized by: a miniaturized bowl-shaped base station antenna unit based on a shared dipole arm comprising the antenna unit of claims 1 to 7.