CN115410725A - Core charging system and method for accelerating projectile by using electromagnetic track and suitable for fusion device - Google Patents
Core charging system and method for accelerating projectile by using electromagnetic track and suitable for fusion device Download PDFInfo
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- CN115410725A CN115410725A CN202211070469.3A CN202211070469A CN115410725A CN 115410725 A CN115410725 A CN 115410725A CN 202211070469 A CN202211070469 A CN 202211070469A CN 115410725 A CN115410725 A CN 115410725A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21B—FUSION REACTORS
- G21B1/00—Thermonuclear fusion reactors
- G21B1/11—Details
- G21B1/15—Particle injectors for producing thermonuclear fusion reactions, e.g. pellet injectors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/10—Nuclear fusion reactors
Abstract
The invention discloses a core charging system and a core charging method for accelerating a projectile by using an electromagnetic orbit, which are suitable for a fusion device, in particular to a novel method and a novel device for promoting the projectile to run at high speed by using an electromagnetic orbit accelerated plasma principle and using the projectile for core charging of a future large-scale fusion device, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the device comprises a rail gun, a water-cooling coil, a rail gun cabin, an inflation system, a photomultiplier device, a shot injection system, a pulse power supply, a pulse laser and a magnetic probe; the pellet injection system is matched with inflation, ionized gas generates plasma to propel the pellets in the track gun to be injected into the core of the magnetic confinement fusion device, and therefore the magnetic confinement fusion device can maintain the fusion reaction condition. Compared with the existing fusion reactor device pellet injection system, the pellet injection system has the advantages that the pellet injection speed is higher, the charging efficiency is higher, and the possibility of steady-state operation of the fusion reactor is greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of plasma acceleration and controlled nuclear fusion plasma research, and particularly relates to a core charging system and method for accelerating projectiles by using an electromagnetic orbit, which are suitable for a fusion device.
Background
The magnetic confinement fusion device needs a high-speed, high-efficiency and reliable feeding system to enable the projectile to penetrate through a plasma edge layer and enter a high-temperature reactor core, so that the deep reactor refueling technology is an important issue to be paid much attention. However, conventional shot injection methods face a number of challenges, firstly to ensure the charging efficiency, i.e. to ensure sufficient shot velocity to allow the shot to enter the core before melting, and at the same time to ensure sufficient injection frequency to ensure continuity of the charging process; secondly, in the process of shot injection, no harmful impurities enter a reactor, otherwise the formation and stability of plasma are easily influenced due to bremsstrahlung loss; finally, there is a need to effectively suppress edge-localized modes caused by shot injection.
The main feeding means of the present and future ITER device comprises: common inflation, ultrasonic molecular beam injection inflation and shot injection. Wherein the corresponding time of the common inflation mode is more than 0.2s, and the injection speed is slow. The speed of ultrasonic molecular beam injection to form ultrasonic molecular beam SMBI is 400-1200 m/s, the particle deposition position is 3-8 cm in the outermost magnetic surface (under ohmic discharge), SMBI delay time: 2-6 ms. Shot injection is injected into plasma through a gas-propelled shot injection system, and the shot speed (1 km/s) and injection frequency (1 Hz) of the existing shot injection method are obviously insufficient.
Therefore, aiming at the problem that the charging efficiency of the existing shot injection method is insufficient for a large magnetic confinement device, in order to meet the requirement of the actual fusion reactor on the addition of core fuel, a device and a method which can obviously improve the charging efficiency of the tokamak are urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a core part charging system and a core part charging method for accelerating shots by using an electromagnetic track, which are suitable for a fusion device and are used for solving the problem of insufficient charging efficiency of a large-scale magnetic confinement fusion reactor core part so as to meet the requirement of an actual fusion reactor on core part fuel addition.
In order to realize the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a core part feeding system for accelerating shots by using an electromagnetic track and suitable for a fusion device comprises a track gun, a first water-cooling coil, a second water-cooling coil, a track gun cabin body, an inflation system, a photomultiplier device, a shot injection system, a pulse power supply, a pulse laser and a magnetic probe; one end of the projectile injection system is tightly connected with the inflation system; the photomultiplier device is connected between the projectile injection system and the track gun; the magnetic probe is placed at the magnetic probe placing port and used for measuring the speed of the track accelerated pills so as to realize the measurement and control of the speed of the pills; the left side of a connection port of the inflation system is connected with the inflation system, the upper part of the connection port is connected with the shot injection system, the right side of the connection port is connected with a track gun cabin body, the left side of a cabin body is provided with a magnetic probe placing port, and the cabin body is connected with a vacuum system; the track gun is an accelerating propelling device for the shot, and a gun barrel is formed by a first insulator, a second insulator, a first conductor and a second conductor; the gun barrel is integrally of a hollow cylindrical structure, and the tail end of the gun barrel is also provided with a vacuum air exhaust device; the first reinforcing rail and the second reinforcing rail are arranged at two sides of the rail gun rail and are fixed by the rail supporting structure; the first water-cooling coil and the second water-cooling coil are respectively arranged above and below the track of the track gun and are fixed by the track supporting structure.
Further, the track gun is formed by a tungsten copper alloy track and a ceramic track into a sealing hole-shaped structure.
Furthermore, the first water-cooling coil and the second water-cooling coil are used for generating a magnetic field above 2T, and the track supporting structure made of insulating materials guarantees that the track cannot vibrate.
Further, the shot injection frequency can reach 50Hz; the speed of the projectile can reach 5km/s and above.
Further, the track support structure comprises a first track support structure, a second track support structure, a third track support structure and a fourth track support structure; first track bearing structure combines fixed first water-cooling coil with second track bearing structure, second track bearing structure and third track bearing structure fixed rail rifle track, first reinforcing track, second reinforcing track, track rifle track both sides are arranged in to first reinforcing track, second reinforcing track, and third track bearing structure and the fixed second water-cooling coil of fourth track bearing structure.
Further, the first insulator and the second insulator are fixed relatively, the first guide rail and the second guide rail are fixed relatively, and the first insulator and the second insulator form a cylindrical structure.
The invention also provides a charging method of the core charging system for accelerating the shots by using the electromagnetic track, which is suitable for a fusion device, and specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: according to the charging requirement of the fusion reactor device, firstly, the shot is placed in a charging chamber through the shot injection system, the injection frequency of the shot is determined, and the filling of the shot in the charging chamber is completed;
step 2: opening the quick response piezoelectric valve, and applying an atmospheric pressure through an inflation system to accelerate the projectile to 100m/s;
and step 3: the projectile passes through a photomultiplier device, the photomultiplier device comprises a first photomultiplier and a second photomultiplier, the distance between the first photomultiplier and the second photomultiplier is 10cm, the first photomultiplier is shielded firstly, the projectile continues to pass through, the second photomultiplier is shielded, a low-level signal is output and an ignition laser is triggered simultaneously, plasma is ignited, and the time control precision is less than 10 microseconds;
and 4, step 4: in the track gun, plasma accelerates and propels the projectile to accelerate, magnetic probes arranged in an array are arranged beside the track, the velocity of the projectile accelerated by the track is measured through signal delay so as to realize the measurement of the velocity of the projectile and the monitoring of the system state, and the projectile obtains the velocity of 5km/s or more at the tail end of the track and enters the position of a plasma core.
Further, the plasma is composed of a collection of ions, electrons, and non-ionized neutral particles, and is in a neutral state as a whole.
Further, the core charge is to feed the fuel required for the plasma discharge into the core region of the plasma by means of acceleration.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
compared with the existing fusion reactor device pellet injection system, the novel electromagnetic track propulsion system has the advantages of higher pellet injection speed and higher charging efficiency, and greatly improves the possibility of steady-state operation of the fusion reactor. The invention can be realized by programmed control, has certain intelligence and can be well suitable for future fusion reactors.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the core feed system of the present invention for accelerating projectiles using electromagnetic orbits, suitable for use in a fusion device;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a rail gun according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an exploded view of a rail gun according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of portion A of the orbital gun of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a side cross-sectional view of a core feed system for accelerating projectiles using electromagnetic orbits suitable for use in a fusion device of the present invention;
FIGS. 6a, 6b and 6c are schematic diagrams of the present invention; fig. 6a is a schematic diagram of a projectile being injected into a track gun, fig. 6b is a schematic diagram of inflation of an inflation system, and fig. 6c is a schematic diagram of a laser ignition acceleration projectile.
In the figure: 1-shot injection system, 11-shot injection port, 12-inflation system connection port, 2-track gun body, 21-pulse laser port, 22-magnetic probe placement port, 23-body cover, 24-body, 25-vacuum system, 3-track gun, 31-track gun track, 311-first insulator, 312-second insulator, 313-first guide rail, 314-second guide rail, 315-gun tube, 32-first water-cooling coil, 33-second water-cooling coil, 34-track support structure, 341-first track support structure, 342-second track support structure, 343-third track support structure, 344-fourth track support structure, 35-first enhanced track, 36-second enhanced track, 4-photomultiplier device, 41-first photomultiplier, 42-second photomultiplier, 5-magnetic probe, 6-ignition laser, 7-shot, 8-piezoelectric valve, 9-inflation system.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The drawings and description of the invention are provided to illustrate the invention and not to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in the figures 1, 2 and 6a, the invention provides a core part charging system for accelerating shots by using an electromagnetic track, which is suitable for a fusion device, and comprises a shot injection system 1, a track gun cabin body 2, a track gun 3, a photomultiplier tube device 4, a magnetic probe 5, a first water-cooling coil 32, a second water-cooling coil 33, an inflation system 9, a pulse power supply and a pulse laser. One end of the shot injection system 1 is tightly connected with the inflation system 9; the photomultiplier tube device 4 is connected between the projectile injection system 1 and the track gun 3; the magnetic probe 5 is placed at the magnetic probe placing port 22 and used for measuring the speed of the track accelerated shot so as to realize the measurement and control of the speed of the shot. The left side of the inflation system connecting port 12 is connected with an inflation system 9, the upper side of the inflation system connecting port is connected with a shot injection port 11, the right side of the inflation system connecting port is connected with a track gun body 2, a body cover 23 and a body 24 of the body form the track gun body 2, the left side of the body 24 of the body is provided with a magnetic probe placing port 22, and the body 24 of the body is connected with a vacuum system 25. The track gun 3 is in a sealed hole-shaped structure formed by a tungsten-copper alloy track and a ceramic track.
Referring to fig. 2-4, the track gun 3 is an accelerating propelling device for the projectile; a first insulator 311, a second insulator 312 and a first rail 313, the second rail 314 constituting a barrel 315; the gun tube 315 is of a hollow cylindrical structure as a whole, and a vacuum air extractor is further arranged at the tail end of the gun tube 315; the first reinforcing rail 35 and the second reinforcing rail 36 are arranged at two sides of the rail gun rail 31 and fixed by the rail supporting structure 34; the first water-cooling coil 32 and the second water-cooling coil 33 are respectively arranged above and below the track gun track 31 and are fixed by a track supporting structure 34.
The first water-cooling coil 32 and the second water-cooling coil 33 are used for generating a magnetic field above 2T, and the track supporting structure 34 made of insulating materials guarantees that all tracks cannot vibrate.
As shown in fig. 3, the rail support structure 34 includes a first rail support structure 341, a second rail support structure 342, a third rail support structure 343, and a fourth rail support structure 344. The first track supporting structure 341 and the second track supporting structure 342 are combined to fix the first water-cooling coil 32, the second track supporting structure 342 and the third track supporting structure 343 are used to fix the track gun track 31, the first reinforcing track 35 and the second reinforcing track 36 are arranged at two sides of the track gun track 31, and the third track supporting structure 343 and the fourth track supporting structure 344 are used to fix the second water-cooling coil 33.
As shown in fig. 4, the first insulator 311 is fixed to the second insulator 312, the first rail 313 is fixed to the second rail 314, and forms a column structure with the first insulator 311 and the second insulator 312.
The core charging system for accelerating the projectile by using the electromagnetic orbit, which is suitable for the fusion device, ionizes neutral gas by using laser and generates plasma, the plasma is used as an armature, the arc plasma is maintained under the action of external high voltage and generates larger current, the plasma is accelerated under the combined action of an external coil and electromagnetic force generated by the plasma, then the projectile is pushed, the speed of the projectile reaches 5km/s or more, once the projectile is launched out of a trajectory, the projectile can enter the fusion reactor device, the core charging process is completed, and therefore the plasma in the fusion reactor device is supplemented and fusion reaction conditions are maintained.
As shown in fig. 5, 6a, 6b and 6c, the charging method based on the core charging system for accelerating the projectile by using the electromagnetic orbit, which is suitable for the fusion device, specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: according to the charging requirement of the fusion reactor device, firstly, the shot 7 is placed in a charging chamber through a shot injection port 11 in the shot injection system 1, the injection frequency of the shot 7 is determined, and the filling of the shot 7 in the charging chamber is completed, as shown in FIG. 6 a;
step 2: opening the quick response piezo valve 8 and applying nitrogen at one atmosphere through the inflation system 9 through the inflation system connection port 12 to accelerate the projectile 7 to 100m/s;
and step 3: the projectile 7 passes through the photomultiplier tube device 4 in the cabin body 24, the photomultiplier tube device 4 comprises a first photomultiplier tube 41 and a second photomultiplier tube 42, the distance between the first photomultiplier tube 41 and the second photomultiplier tube is 10cm, the first photomultiplier tube 41 is shielded first, the projectile 7 continues to pass through, the second photomultiplier tube 42 is shielded, a low-level signal is output, an ignition laser 6 connected to the cabin cover 23 is triggered at the same time, plasma is ignited, and the time control precision is less than 10 microseconds, as shown in fig. 6 b;
and 4, step 4: in the rail gun 3, the first rail 313, the second rail 314, the first reinforcing rail 35, and the second reinforcing rail 36 are a tandem structure, and these rails are fixed by the rail support structure 34. Power is supplied to the first guide rail 313, plasma is generated by laser ignition and serves as a conductor, current flows to the second guide rail 314, the first reinforcing rail 35 and the second reinforcing rail 36, strong current flows through a plurality of parallel rails, meanwhile, the first water-cooling coil 32 and the second water-cooling coil 33 are connected with current, a strong magnetic field is generated between the first guide rail 313 and the second guide rail 314 and interacts with the plasma, strong electromagnetic force is generated to push the projectile 7, and the projectile 7 is accelerated, as shown in fig. 6 c. An array of magnetic probes 5 is placed beside the track, and the velocity of the track accelerated projectile 7 is measured by signal delay to realize the measurement of the projectile velocity and the monitoring of the system state, and the projectile 7 obtains the velocity of 5km/s or more at the tail end of the track to enter the position of the plasma core.
The present invention has been described in detail with reference to the drawings and examples, but the present invention is not limited to the examples, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention. The present invention may be practiced without these particulars.
Claims (9)
1. A core part feeding system for accelerating shots by using an electromagnetic track and suitable for a fusion device is characterized by comprising a track gun, a first water-cooling coil, a second water-cooling coil, a track gun cabin body, an inflation system, a photomultiplier device, a shot injection system, a pulse power supply, a pulse laser and a magnetic probe; one end of the projectile injection system is tightly connected with the inflation system; the photomultiplier device is connected between the projectile injection system and the track gun; the magnetic probe is placed at the magnetic probe placing port and used for measuring the speed of the track accelerated pills so as to realize the measurement and control of the speed of the pills; the left side of a connection port of the inflation system is connected with the inflation system, the upper part of the connection port is connected with the shot injection system, the right side of the connection port is connected with a track gun cabin body, the left side of a cabin body is provided with a magnetic probe placing port, and the cabin body is connected with a vacuum system; the track gun is an accelerating propelling device for the shot, and a gun barrel is formed by a first insulator, a second insulator, a first conductor and a second conductor; the gun barrel is integrally of a hollow cylindrical structure, and a vacuum air extractor is further arranged at the tail end of the gun barrel; the first reinforcing rail and the second reinforcing rail are arranged at two sides of the rail gun rail and are fixed by the rail supporting structure; the first water-cooling coil and the second water-cooling coil are respectively arranged above and below the track of the track gun and are fixed by the track supporting structure.
2. A core loading system for accelerating projectiles using electromagnetic orbits suitable for use in a fusion device as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the track gun is in a sealed hole-shaped structure formed by the tungsten-copper alloy track and the ceramic track.
3. A core loading system for accelerating projectiles using electromagnetic orbits suitable for use in a fusion device as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the first water-cooling coil and the second water-cooling coil are used for generating a magnetic field above 2T, and the track supporting structure made of insulating materials guarantees that the track cannot vibrate.
4. A core loading system for accelerating projectiles using electromagnetic orbits suitable for use in a fusion device as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the injection frequency of the projectile can reach 50Hz; the speed of the projectile reaches 5km/s and above.
5. A core charging system for accelerating projectiles using electromagnetic trajectory suitable for use in fusion devices as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the track support structure comprises a first track support structure, a second track support structure, a third track support structure and a fourth track support structure; the first track supporting structure and the second track supporting structure are combined to fix the first water-cooling coil, the second track supporting structure and the third track supporting structure are used for fixing the track gun track, the first reinforcing track and the second reinforcing track are arranged on two sides of the track gun track, and the third track supporting structure and the fourth track supporting structure are used for fixing the second water-cooling coil.
6. A core loading system for accelerating projectiles using electromagnetic orbits suitable for use in a fusion device as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the first insulator and the second insulator are relatively fixed, the first guide rail and the second guide rail are relatively fixed, and the first insulator and the second insulator form a cylindrical structure.
7. The method of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: according to the charging requirement of the fusion reactor device, firstly, the shot is placed in a charging chamber through the shot injection system, the injection frequency of the shot is determined, and the filling of the shot in the charging chamber is completed;
and 2, step: opening the quick response piezoelectric valve, and applying an atmospheric pressure through an inflation system to accelerate the projectile to 100m/s;
and step 3: the projectile passes through a photomultiplier device, the photomultiplier device comprises a first photomultiplier and a second photomultiplier, the distance between the first photomultiplier and the second photomultiplier is 10cm, the first photomultiplier is shielded firstly, the projectile continues to pass through, the second photomultiplier is shielded, a low-level signal is output and an ignition laser is triggered simultaneously, plasma is ignited, and the time control precision is less than 10 microseconds;
and 4, step 4: in the track gun, plasma accelerates and propels the projectile to accelerate, magnetic probes arranged in an array are arranged beside the track, the velocity of the projectile accelerated by the track is measured through signal delay so as to realize the measurement of the velocity of the projectile and the monitoring of the system state, and the projectile obtains the velocity of 5km/s or more at the tail end of the track and enters the position of a plasma core.
8. The charging method as defined in claim 7, wherein: the plasma is composed of an assembly of ions, electrons and neutral particles which are not ionized, and the whole plasma is in a neutral substance state.
9. The charging method as defined in claim 7, wherein: the core charge is to feed the fuel required for the plasma discharge into the core region of the plasma by means of acceleration.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202211070469.3A CN115410725A (en) | 2022-09-02 | 2022-09-02 | Core charging system and method for accelerating projectile by using electromagnetic track and suitable for fusion device |
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| CN202211070469.3A CN115410725A (en) | 2022-09-02 | 2022-09-02 | Core charging system and method for accelerating projectile by using electromagnetic track and suitable for fusion device |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116153532A (en) * | 2023-04-23 | 2023-05-23 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Cooperative charging system and method for achieving kilosecond long-pulse plasma discharge |
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2022
- 2022-09-02 CN CN202211070469.3A patent/CN115410725A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116153532A (en) * | 2023-04-23 | 2023-05-23 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Cooperative charging system and method for achieving kilosecond long-pulse plasma discharge |
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