CN115407075A - Detection device and detection method - Google Patents
Detection device and detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115407075A CN115407075A CN202210927113.0A CN202210927113A CN115407075A CN 115407075 A CN115407075 A CN 115407075A CN 202210927113 A CN202210927113 A CN 202210927113A CN 115407075 A CN115407075 A CN 115407075A
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- G01N35/00—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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- G01N35/0099—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor comprising robots or similar manipulators
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Abstract
The utility model relates to the technical field of environmental sanitation monitoring, a check out test set and detection method is disclosed, check out test set includes the frame, and connect the collection system in the frame, heating device, divide the appearance device, centrifugal device, processing apparatus, detection device and transfer device, sampling device is used for gathering the sample to the sewage former state and obtains the water sample, heating device is used for heating the virus in the inactivation water sample to the water sample, centrifugal device and processing apparatus are used for carrying out the virus enrichment concentration to the water sample after the inactivation, detection device is used for carrying out nucleic acid extraction and detection to the water sample after the enrichment concentration, transfer device is used for at foretell collection device, heating device, divide the appearance device, centrifugal device, processing apparatus, transfer the sample between the detection device, so that the detection procedure lasts, can be used to normal position on-line monitoring sewage, acquire the novel coronavirus information that contains in the sewage.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of environmental sanitation monitoring, in particular to a detection device and a detection method.
Background
At present, for the prevention of the novel coronavirus, the propagation pathway (such as droplet propagation, aerosol propagation and fecal propagation) of the novel coronavirus is mainly managed, for example, people are sampled and screened, and domestic sewage in a key area is sampled and detected. These management and control modes are relatively passive, and the people is greatly relied on people's subjective will to carry out the collection of sample to the crowd, and data have postponement nature, and need invest a large amount of manpower and materials. The enrichment and concentration of the novel coronavirus in the sewage and the nucleic acid detection are carried out according to corresponding industrial standards, and the method mainly comprises the steps of sewage sampling, virus inactivation, virus enrichment and concentration, nucleic acid extraction and detection and the like. The method comprises the following steps of collecting a sewage sample from a domestic sewage original sample by manual work, and then checking the sewage sample in a special laboratory to perform subsequent steps, so as to obtain novel coronavirus information contained in the sewage sample, and further estimate the novel coronavirus information contained in the sampled sewage. However, in the method, the sample needs to be submitted for inspection after sampling, so that the detection period is long, the detection data has long delay and is time-consuming and labor-consuming, and in the process of collecting, transporting and storing the water sample, the risk of cross infection caused by contact of personnel with sewage exists.
Disclosure of Invention
The present application is directed to solving at least one of the problems in the prior art. Therefore, the application provides a detection device, which can sample and detect the novel coronavirus information contained in the sewage sample on line and improve the detection efficiency. The application also provides a detection method for monitoring the concentration of the novel coronavirus in the sewage on line.
The detection device comprises a rack, and a collecting device, a heating device, a sample separating device, a centrifugal device, a processing device, a detection device and a transfer device which are connected to the rack, wherein the collecting device comprises a first water storage tank which is used for containing collected water samples; the heating device comprises a heater for heating the water sample; the sample separation device comprises a liquid transfer gun, and the liquid transfer gun is used for acquiring a water sample in the first water storage tank and transferring the water sample to a centrifugal tube; the centrifugal device is used for carrying out centrifugal treatment on the water sample in the centrifugal tube; the processing device is used for precipitating or intercepting virus particles in the water sample in the centrifugal tube; the detection device is used for extracting and detecting nucleic acid from the water sample in the centrifugal tube and forming detection data; the transfer device comprises a clamping assembly and a transfer mechanism, the clamping assembly is suitable for clamping the centrifuge tube, and the transfer mechanism is connected to the clamping assembly and used for driving the clamping assembly to transfer between the acquisition device, the heating device, the sample separation device, the centrifugal device, the processing device and the detection device.
The detection device of the embodiment of the first aspect of the application has at least the following beneficial effects: the detection device realizes the collection of the water sample through the collection device, through a heating device, a sample separation device, a centrifugal device, the inactivation of the water sample is realized by the treatment device, the pretreatment and the enrichment concentration are realized, and the nucleic acid extraction and the nucleic acid detection are carried out on the water sample after the enrichment concentration through the detection device, the transfer of the water sample between the devices is realized through the transfer device, therefore, the manual sampling is not needed, the process of the enrichment concentration of the water sample is realized, the manual sample adding is also not needed, the risk of cross infection can be reduced, on the one hand, the health of security personnel is ensured, on the other hand, the sample infection is avoided, thereby the accuracy and the reliability of the detection are improved. In addition, after sampling, inactivation, pretreatment, enrichment and concentration and nucleic acid detection can be carried out on line, inspection is not required, the steps of transportation and storage of a water sample are omitted, the detection period can be effectively shortened, and the detection result has higher timeliness.
According to some embodiments of the present application, the collecting device further includes a water delivery mechanism and a water delivery pipe, the water delivery pipe is connected to the first reservoir and the water delivery mechanism, and the water delivery mechanism is used for acquiring a water sample and delivering the water sample to the first reservoir through the water delivery pipe.
According to some embodiments of the present application, the processing device includes a sample adding mechanism, the sample adding mechanism includes a sample adding component, a moving component and a plurality of reagent cases, the moving component has a set moving range, the reagent cases are used for storing reagents and are located in the moving range of the moving component, the moving component is connected to the sample adding component for moving the sample adding component, and the sample adding component is suitable for obtaining the set reagents and adding the reagents into a water sample in the centrifuge tube.
According to the detection equipment of some embodiments of this application, processing apparatus still includes the agitator, the agitator with the adjacent setting of application of sample subassembly is used for the stirring water sample in the centrifuging tube.
According to the detection apparatus of some embodiments of the present application, the processing apparatus further includes a pH meter, the pH meter is communicatively connected to the sample adding mechanism and the stirrer, the pH meter includes a pH probe, the pH probe is connected to the stirrer, and the pH probe can move along with the stirrer and is used for detecting the pH value of the water sample in the centrifuge tube.
According to the check out test set of some embodiments of this application, centrifugal device includes the rotor, rotates the piece and the balancing piece, it follows to rotate the piece the radial of the pivot of rotor has two tip, the rotor connect in rotate two position between the tip and be used for driving the rotation piece rotates, one of them tip is suitable for connecting the centrifuging tube, another the tip connect in the balancing piece.
According to some embodiments of this application's check out test set, still include the buffer memory frame, the buffer memory frame is erect and is arranged in the frame, be provided with a plurality of storage tanks on the buffer memory frame, the storage tank is used for the holding centrifuging tube.
The detection apparatus according to some embodiments of the present application, further comprising a collection device comprising a second reservoir connected to the housing for collecting waste fluid generated by the processing device and/or the detection device.
According to some embodiments of the application, the detection device further comprises a communication module, the communication module is in communication connection with the detection device, and the communication module is configured to acquire the detection data of the detection device and send the detection data to a set background in a wireless communication mode.
According to some embodiments of the present application, the detection apparatus further comprises a controller, the controller is communicatively connected to the collection device, the heating device, the sample separation device, the centrifugation device, the processing device, the detection device, and the transfer device.
The detection method of the embodiment of the second aspect of the present application adopts the detection device of the embodiment of the first aspect to perform detection, so that the detection device performs sampling detection on the original sewage at regular intervals in a set period, and the step of performing sampling detection by the detection device includes:
sampling: collecting a water sample for the sewage in an original state through a sampling device;
inactivation: heating and inactivating the water sample by a heating device;
pretreatment: acquiring a water sample with a set volume from the bottom position of the inactivated water sample through a sample separation device, placing the water sample in a centrifugal tube, transferring the centrifugal tube to a centrifugal device through a transfer device, and centrifuging the water sample in the centrifugal tube through the centrifugal device;
enrichment and concentration: precipitating or intercepting virus particles in the pretreated water sample through a treatment device, centrifuging the water sample through a centrifugal device, and removing supernatant to enrich and concentrate viruses in the remaining water sample to form concentrated solution;
and (3) nucleic acid detection: and carrying out nucleic acid extraction and nucleic acid detection on the concentrated solution in the centrifugal tube through detection, and forming detection data.
The detection method in the embodiment of the second aspect of the present application has at least the following beneficial effects: the detection equipment samples the original sewage sample, inactivates, pretreats and enriches and concentrates the water sample, and then performs nucleic acid extraction and nucleic acid detection, and the detection equipment samples and detects the original sewage sample periodically in a set period, can perform in situ in the whole process, can realize the periodic monitoring of sewage, reduce the manual participation, and can reduce the risk of cross infection, thereby improving the safety and the accuracy of detection, and shortening the detection period, thereby improving the timeliness of detection results.
Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the present application.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a detection apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the detection apparatus shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of another angle of the detecting device shown in FIG. 1;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of a detection flow of a detection device according to an embodiment of the present application.
Reference numerals:
a frame 100, a table 101;
the device comprises a collecting device 200, a first reservoir 201 and a connecting port 202;
a heating device 300;
a centrifugal device 400, a rotor 401, a rotor 402, a trim 403, a connecting portion 404;
a kit 500;
a detection kit 600;
a buffer frame 700, a receiving groove 701;
a collection device 800 and a second water reservoir 801.
Detailed Description
The conception and the resulting technical effects of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments to fully understand the objects, features and effects of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments, and other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive efforts based on the embodiments of the present application belong to the protection scope of the present application.
In the description of the embodiments of the present application, if an orientation description is referred to, for example, the orientations or positional relationships indicated by "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", and the like are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, it is only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but not to indicate or imply that the referred apparatus or device must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application.
In the description of the embodiments of the present application, if a feature is referred to as being "disposed", "fixed", "connected", or "mounted" to another feature, it can be directly disposed, fixed, or connected to the other feature or indirectly disposed, fixed, connected, or mounted to the other feature. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, if "a number" is referred to, it means one or more, if "a plurality" is referred to, it means two or more, if "greater than", "less than" or "more than" is referred to, it is understood that the number is not included, and if "greater than", "lower" or "inner" is referred to, it is understood that the number is included. If reference is made to "first" or "second", this should be understood to distinguish between features and not to indicate or imply relative importance or to implicitly indicate the number of indicated features or to implicitly indicate the precedence of the indicated features.
The new coronary epidemic situation spreading condition can be effectively estimated by analyzing the information of the novel coronavirus contained in the domestic sewage, and the method is one of the prevention modes of the novel coronavirus. The current sewage detection mode has the problems of data delay, large cross infection risk and the like. The embodiment of the application provides a detection device and a detection method, a sample is obtained through a sampling device of the detection device, virus enrichment and concentration are carried out through a heating device inactivation and centrifugal device and a treatment device, and then nucleic acid extraction and detection are carried out through the detection device, so that the domestic sewage can be monitored on line, the detection timeliness is improved, manual participation can be reduced, and the cross infection risk is reduced. The embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a detection apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application, fig. 2 is a top view of the detection apparatus shown in fig. 1, fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another angle of the detection apparatus shown in fig. 1, fig. 4 is a schematic detection flow diagram of the detection apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application, and with reference to fig. 1 to fig. 4, a first aspect of the present application provides a detection apparatus including a rack 100 and a plurality of electrical devices connected to the rack 100, where the electrical devices include a collecting device 200, a heating device 300, a sample separating device, a centrifugal device 400, a processing device, a detection device, and a transfer device. The rack 100 may be provided with a table 101, and each electrical device is provided on the table 101. Wherein, sampling device is used for gathering the sample to the sewage former state and acquires the water sample, heating device 300 is arranged in heating the virus in the inactivation water sample to the water sample, centrifugal device 400 and processing apparatus are used for carrying out the virus enrichment concentration to the water sample after the inactivation, detection device is used for carrying out nucleic acid extraction and detection to the water sample after the enrichment concentration, transfer device is used for shifting the sample between foretell sampling device 200, heating device 300, branch appearance device, centrifugal device 400, processing apparatus, detection device to detect the flow and continuously go on.
The collecting device 200 comprises a first reservoir 201, and the first reservoir 201 is used for containing collected water samples and realizing the storage of the water samples. The heating device 300 includes a heater for heating the water sample to inactivate viruses in the water sample.
The sample separation device comprises a liquid transfer gun, wherein the liquid transfer gun is used for obtaining a water sample in the first reservoir 201 and transferring the water sample to a centrifugal tube, and therefore the liquid transfer gun is a device for obtaining liquid in a common quantitative mode, sample separation can be carried out through the liquid transfer gun after inactivation treatment of the water sample of the first reservoir 201 by the heating device 300, namely the sample separation device obtains a set volume of the water sample through the liquid transfer gun and injects the water sample into the centrifugal tube, and quantitative analysis and transfer of the water sample between the devices can be facilitated.
The detection device is used for extracting and detecting nucleic acid from the water sample in the centrifugal tube and forming detection data, so that the detection device can receive the water sample which is concentrated by virus enrichment of the processing device and subjected to centrifugal treatment by the centrifugal device 400, extract and detect nucleic acid, and transfer of the water sample can be performed by the transfer device. The detection device carries out the reagents, materials and instruments required by nucleic acid extraction and nucleic acid detection, such as a required nucleic acid extraction kit 500, nuclease-free water, a real-time fluorescence PCR instrument and the like, and related operation steps, and follows the national hygienic industry standard.
The transfer device comprises a clamping assembly and a transfer mechanism, wherein the clamping assembly is suitable for clamping a centrifugal tube, and for example, the centrifugal tube can be taken and placed by adopting a clamping jaw assembly commonly used in mechanical equipment. The transfer mechanism is connected with the clamping assembly and used for driving the clamping assembly to transfer among the collecting device 200, the heating device 300, the sample separating device, the centrifugal device 400, the processing device and the detection device, so that the transfer of water samples among the devices is realized, and the detection steps are carried out continuously. The transfer mechanism can adopt a conventional multi-shaft mechanical arm, and the execution end of the mechanical arm is connected with the clamping assembly, so that the taking, placing and transferring of the centrifuge tube are realized.
The heater can be selected from a common electromagnetic heater, a common resistance heater and the like, and compared with a water bath heating mode, the heater has better flexibility, and heating liquid for water bath is omitted, so that structural configuration of water inlet and outlet is not needed, the structure is simplified, and the heating liquid is prevented from polluting other electrical devices in the using process. Wherein, the heater can set up on first cistern 201, realizes wherein the heating inactivation of water sample through the heating of first cistern 201, and perhaps, the heater also can separately set up with first cistern 201, and first cistern 201 removes to the heater of heating device 300 on and carries out the heating inactivation after will holding the water sample through mobile device.
Can know by the aforesaid, the check out test set of this application embodiment passes through collection system 200 and carries out the collection of water sample, through heating device 300, divide the appearance device, centrifugal device 400, processing apparatus realizes the inactivation to the water sample, preliminary treatment and enrichment are concentrated, and carry out nucleic acid extraction and nucleic acid detection to the water sample after the enrichment is concentrated through detection device, the transfer of water sample between each device is realized through transfer device, consequently, need not artifical sampling, divide the appearance, in the concentrated process of water sample enrichment, also need not artifical application of sample, can reduce cross infection's risk, the guarantee personnel are healthy on the one hand, on the other hand avoids the sample infection, thereby improve the accuracy and the reliability that detect.
In addition, after sampling, inactivation, pretreatment, enrichment and concentration and nucleic acid detection can be carried out on line, the steps of transporting and storing a water sample are omitted, the detection period can be effectively shortened, and the detection data have higher timeliness, so that a favorable basis is provided for the evaluation of the spreading condition of the new crown epidemic situation. The detection device is suitable for daily monitoring of domestic sewage, is compared with the existing control mode, provides a more active control mode for the prevention of novel coronavirus, and can accelerate the response speed of epidemic situation control.
In the detection apparatus of some embodiments, the collecting device 200 further includes a water delivery mechanism and a water delivery pipe, the water delivery pipe is connected to the first reservoir 201 and the water delivery mechanism, a connection port 202 for connecting the water delivery pipe is provided on the first reservoir 201, and the water delivery mechanism is configured to obtain a water sample and deliver the water sample to the first reservoir 201 through the water delivery pipe. During specific application, the water delivery mechanism can select a proper water pump to be placed in the sewage body, and the sewage with a set amount is pumped into the first reservoir 201 through the water delivery pipe, so that the original sample of the sewage is sampled. The water pump can be electrically controlled by the programmable logic controller, so that the operation of timing and quantitative sampling is realized.
In the detection apparatus of some embodiments, the processing device includes a sample adding mechanism, the sample adding mechanism includes a sample adding component, a moving component and a plurality of reagent boxes 500, the moving component has a set moving range, the reagent boxes 500 are used for storing reagents and located in the moving range of the moving component, the moving component is connected to the sample adding component for moving the sample adding component, the sample adding component is adapted to obtain the set reagents and add the reagents into the water sample in the centrifugal tube, so as to implement flocculation or precipitation of virus particles, and facilitate enrichment and concentration of viruses after subsequent processing by the centrifugal device 400. Wherein, processing apparatus still can blast the rifle including the puncture, when adopting aluminium salt coagulating sedimentation method to carry out the enrichment of viral particle concentrated, to adding the aluminium salt coagulant in the sewage, thereby aluminium hydroxide colloid adsorbability and the parcel viral particle flocculation precipitation of aluminium salt hydrolysis production, carry out centrifugal treatment and get rid of the interior surplus colloid that contains the virus of centrifugation pipe behind the supernatant through centrifugal device 400, the accessible uses the puncture to blast the water mixed liquid that the rifle carried out the EDTA powder, remove through the mobile device and add in the centrifuging tube that leaves the flocculation precipitation, realize the complex and dissolve, rethread mobile device shifts the centrifugal tube to heating device, form the concentrate.
The processing device can also comprise a stirrer, the stirrer is arranged adjacent to the sample adding assembly and is used for stirring the water sample in the centrifugal tube so as to assist the mixing of the water sample and the reagent, and the water sample is not required to be poured into the oscillator for oscillation.
Wherein, the removal subassembly can adopt the multiaxis moving platform that industrial equipment was commonly used, realizes the removal of application of sample subassembly, and the removal subassembly is connected on frame 100 and adjacent setting with centrifugal device 400, heating device 300, and kit 500 sets up in the removal within range of removal subassembly looks, the sample of the reagent of being convenient for, application of sample. The sample adding component can adopt a common pipette in a laboratory, and the type, concentration and dosage of the reagent are reasonably configured according to the selected enrichment and concentration mode and the national sanitation industry standard. For example, an aluminum salt coagulating agent is added into a water sample by adopting an aluminum salt coagulating sedimentation method, 0.5mL of an aluminum chloride solution reagent with the concentration of 3mol/L is obtained through a sample adding assembly, the pH is controlled to be 6 by a pH meter, a sodium hydroxide solution and dilute hydrochloric acid, the mixture is stirred for 10min, then the centrifugal treatment is carried out through a centrifugal device 400, then the mixture is taken out through a moving device, the supernatant is removed, and the flocculating sedimentation at the bottom of a centrifugal tube is reserved.
In some embodiments, the processing device further comprises a pH meter communicatively connected to the sample adding mechanism and the stirrer, the pH meter comprises a pH probe connected to the stirrer, the pH probe is capable of moving with the stirrer and detecting the pH of the water sample in the centrifuge tube, the sample adding mechanism stops adding the sample when the pH reaches a set value, and the stirrer stops stirring. In some embodiments, the pH probe can be used as a stirring head of the stirrer to stir the water sample, so that the pH value can be detected in real time while the water sample is stirred.
Referring to fig. 2, in the detection apparatus of some embodiments, the centrifugal device 400 includes a rotor 401, a rotation member 402, and a balancing member 403, the rotation member 402 has two ends along a radial direction of a rotation shaft of the rotor 401, the rotor 401 is used for driving the rotation member 402 to rotate, one end of the rotation member 401 is provided with a connecting portion 404, the connecting portion 404 is suitable for connecting a centrifugal tube, the other end is connected to the balancing member 403, the rotor 401 is connected to a position between the two ends of the rotation member 402, so that when the rotation member 402 is driven to rotate, two ends of the rotation member 402 rotate around the rotation shaft of the rotor 401, thereby realizing the rotation of the centrifugal tube, the balancing member 403 is used for balancing the centrifugal tube at the other end of the rotor 401, the balancing member 403 can select the same centrifugal tube as the centrifugal tube containing the water sample, and contains deionized water in an amount equal to the water sample, so that the rotation member 402 keeps rotating smoothly.
Referring to fig. 2 and fig. 3, in the detection apparatus of some embodiments, the detection apparatus further includes a buffer rack 700, the buffer rack 700 is disposed on the rack 100, a plurality of accommodating grooves 701 are disposed on the buffer rack 700, and the accommodating grooves 701 are used for accommodating centrifuge tubes, so as to achieve fixing prevention of the centrifuge tubes and facilitate performing related processing operations, for example, in a process of enrichment, concentration, and complex dissolution of a water sample by a processing device, the centrifuge tubes containing the water sample may be disposed in the accommodating grooves 701 of the buffer rack 700 so as to facilitate reagent addition; and after the detection device finishes detecting, the centrifuge tube can be placed in the containing groove 701 of the buffer storage rack 700 for temporary storage, so as to be used continuously in the following process. The transfer of the centrifuge tubes between the buffer racks 700 and the devices may be accomplished by a transfer device.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, in some embodiments of the detection apparatus, a collecting device 800 is further included, the collecting device 800 includes a second water reservoir 801, the second water reservoir 801 is connected to the rack 100 and is configured to collect waste liquid generated by the processing device and/or the detection device, for example, after the processing device performs enrichment and concentration on the water sample in the centrifugal tube, the supernatant may be discharged into the second water reservoir 801 when the supernatant is removed, and after the detection device completes detection, the waste liquid in the centrifugal tube may be discharged into the second water reservoir 801, and the second water reservoir 801 is configured to collect waste liquid, so as to facilitate subsequent processing, achieve orderly management of waste liquid, and avoid the waste liquid from polluting the water sample or the devices.
The collecting device 800 may further include a drain assembly connected to the second reservoir 801 and a drain line for drawing the waste fluid from the second reservoir 801 through the drain line to be discharged to a waste fluid collecting tank or a set discharge position. Wherein, the drainage component can select the vacuum suction device commonly used to realize the extraction and the discharge of the waste liquid.
In the check out test set of some embodiments, still include communication module, communication module communication connection is in detection device, and communication module configures to the detection data who acquires detection device to and with detection data send the backstage that sets for through wireless communication mode, thereby acquire detection data in real time, improve detection data's ageing, help appearing the quick response when unusual, thereby improve the initiative of epidemic situation management and control.
In the above embodiment, the detection apparatus further includes a controller, the controller is communicatively connected to the collecting device 200, the heating device 300, the sample separating device, the centrifuging device 400, the processing device, the detecting device and the transferring device, each device is configured with a corresponding communication unit to be communicatively connected to the controller, and the controller is configured to instruct each device to operate according to a predetermined detection process. The Controller is used for controlling the operation of each electrical device in the detection equipment, and can be a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC), a single chip microcomputer, a time control switch, a micro-processing terminal and the like, and the Controller realizes the orderly operation of each electrical device such as the acquisition device 200, the heating device 300, the sample separation device, the centrifugal device 400, the processing device, the detection device, the transfer device and the like through a preset process scheme, so that the automatic sampling, inactivation, sample separation, enrichment concentration, nucleic acid extraction and nucleic acid detection of a water body are realized, meanwhile, each electrical device can be provided with a corresponding sensor, and the Controller can collect and process sensor data of each device in the detection equipment and is used for feeding back the operation state of the detection equipment and providing a basis for the regulation and control of the detection equipment. In the embodiments of the present application, the process and method for implementing process control by using a controller can be easily implemented by those skilled in the art according to the existing functions of the controller, and belong to the prior art, and the control principle and method thereof are not described herein again.
In some embodiments, a water quality detection module can be further arranged, and before heating and inactivation are carried out on a water sample, the multi-parameter water quality detection function can be realized through the water quality detection module.
By the aforesaid, the check out test set of this application embodiment, thereby realize through collection system 200 that the water sample is gathered and release the manpower and avoid personnel to infect, through processing apparatus, centrifugal device 400 and heating device 300 carry out the water enrichment and concentrate, avoid the complicated operation of artifical application of sample, carry out nucleic acid extraction and detection through detection device, avoid complicated manual operation, realize the transfer of sample between each device through transfer device, can release the manpower and avoid personnel to infect, some embodiments still use wireless communication mode to backstage transmission data through communication module, so that the collection of data, record and analytic data, the data timeliness is high, help improving epidemic situation prevention and control efficiency, thereby be of value to block the propagation of virus fast.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, a detection method according to a second aspect of the present application performs detection by using the detection apparatus according to the first aspect of the present application, so that the detection apparatus performs sampling detection on the original sewage at regular intervals in a set period, where the step of performing sampling detection by the detection apparatus includes:
sampling: collecting a water sample for the sewage in an original state through a sampling device;
inactivation: heating and inactivating the water sample by a heating device 300, wherein the heating temperature is T1, and the heating time is T1;
pretreatment: acquiring a water sample with a set volume L1 from the bottom position of the inactivated water sample through a sample separation device, placing the water sample in a centrifuge tube, transferring the centrifuge tube to a centrifugal device 400 through a transfer device, and performing centrifugal treatment on the water sample in the centrifuge tube through the centrifugal device 400, wherein the rotating speed of the centrifugal device 400 is r1, the treatment time is t2, and the capacity of the centrifuge tube is L2;
enrichment and concentration: precipitating or intercepting virus particles in the pretreated water sample through a treatment device, centrifuging through a centrifugal device 400, removing supernatant, and concentrating viruses in the remaining water sample to form concentrated solution, wherein the rotating speed of the centrifugal device 400 is r2, and the centrifugal treatment time is t3;
and (3) nucleic acid detection: and (4) carrying out nucleic acid extraction and nucleic acid detection on the concentrated solution in the centrifugal tube through detection, and forming detection data.
In the above detection method, the parameters, such as T1, L2, r1, T2, r2, and T3, are configured according to the national hygienic industry standard, for example: in the inactivation step, the temperature T1 of the heating device 300 for inactivation may be 60 ℃, and the heating time T1 may be 30min. In the pretreatment step, the volume L1 of the water sample obtained by the sample separation device can be 49mL, the capacity L2 of the centrifugal tube can be 50mL, the rotating speed r1 of the centrifugal device 400 can be 5000 r, and the centrifugal treatment time t2 can be 30min. In the enrichment and concentration step, the rotation speed r2 of the centrifugal device 400 can be 5000 revolutions, and the centrifugal treatment time period t3 can be 30min.
In the detection method, in the nucleic acid detection step, the concentrated solution is added into the nucleic acid detection kit 600, and the nucleic acid detection is completed through the single-channel nucleic acid extraction module and the nucleic acid detection module.
In the detection method, in the enrichment and concentration step, the virus particles are precipitated or intercepted on the pretreated water sample through the treatment device, so that the enrichment and concentration of the virus are realized, and any one of the following enrichment and concentration methods can be specifically adopted according to the detection requirements:
polyethylene glycol precipitation method: adding an aluminum salt coagulant and an aluminum chloride solution into the pretreated water sample through a treatment device to enable virus particles in the water sample to be adsorbed to form flocculent precipitate, controlling the pH value to be a set value, performing centrifugal treatment through a centrifugal device 400 after stirring, removing supernatant, and keeping the flocculent precipitate;
aluminum salt coagulating sedimentation method: adding a polyethylene glycol solution into the pretreated water sample through a treatment device to enable virus particles in the water sample to form polymers, carrying out centrifugal treatment on the water sample through a centrifugal device 400, then removing supernatant, retaining precipitates formed by the virus particle polymers, adding a set reagent into the enriched and concentrated water sample through the treatment device to prepare a mixed solution, transferring the mixed solution to a heating device 300 through a transfer device, and heating to realize complex dissolution to form a concentrated solution;
centrifugal ultrafiltration: transferring the pretreated water sample to an ultrafiltration cup, centrifuging the water sample in the ultrafiltration cup by using a centrifugal device 400 to intercept virus particles with molecular weight larger than the molecular weight intercepted by the ultrafiltration membrane in the ultrafiltration cup, and collecting concentrated solution intercepted with the virus particles in the ultrafiltration cup.
The three methods for virus enrichment and concentration are common methods in the field, and the types, concentrations, dosages and the like of materials, instruments and reagents required by the implementation are specifically configured and operated according to the selected enrichment and concentration mode and the national sanitation industry standard, and are not described herein again.
The test conditions of the test equipment and test method of the sample application embodiment are as follows: the detection equipment is arranged in sewer pipes of certain buildings in a certain city, the automatic sampling function is realized through a sampling device, 5000copies of novel coronavirus nucleic acid fragments (namely, the concentration is 100 copies/mL) prepared in a laboratory are added into 50mL water samples after the collection, then the inactivation treatment is carried out through a heating device, a flocculating constituent is obtained through the enrichment and concentration of a treatment device and is complexed and dissolved to obtain concentrated solution, conventional nucleic acid extraction and nucleic acid detection are carried out through a nucleic acid detection kit, after the conversion, the concentration of the novel coronavirus is measured to be about 92copies/mL, and the high coincidence with the predicted concentration is realized. Therefore, the experiment, simulation and use prove that the detection equipment and the detection method provided by the application have feasibility in sewage monitoring.
According to the detection method, the sewage original sample is periodically sampled through the detection equipment, the water sample is inactivated, pretreated, enriched and concentrated, and subjected to complexing dissolution, nucleic acid extraction and nucleic acid detection are performed, the detection equipment periodically samples and detects the sewage original sample in a set period, the whole process can be performed in situ, the periodic monitoring of the sewage can be realized, the manual participation is reduced, the risk of cross infection can be reduced, the detection safety and accuracy are improved, the detection period can be shortened, the timeliness of a detection result is improved, the epidemic situation prevention and control efficiency is improved, and the propagation of viruses is rapidly blocked.
The embodiments of the present application have been described in detail with reference to the drawings, but the present application is not limited to the embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present application. Furthermore, the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.
Claims (11)
1. Check out test set, its characterized in that, including the frame, and connect in on the frame:
the collecting device comprises a first reservoir, wherein the first reservoir is used for containing the collected water sample;
the heating device comprises a heater and is used for heating the water sample;
the sample separation device comprises a liquid transfer gun, and the liquid transfer gun is used for acquiring the water sample in the first water storage tank and transferring the water sample to a centrifuge tube;
the centrifugal device is used for carrying out centrifugal treatment on the water sample in the centrifugal tube;
the processing device is used for precipitating or intercepting virus particles in the water sample in the centrifugal pipe;
the detection device is used for extracting and detecting nucleic acid from the water sample in the centrifugal tube and forming detection data;
the transfer device comprises a clamping assembly and a transfer mechanism, the clamping assembly is suitable for clamping the centrifuge tube, and the transfer mechanism is connected to the clamping assembly and used for driving the clamping assembly to be transferred between the acquisition device, the heating device, the sample separation device, the centrifugal device, the processing device and the detection device.
2. The detection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the collection device further comprises a water delivery mechanism and a water delivery pipe, the water delivery pipe is connected to the first reservoir and the water delivery mechanism, and the water delivery mechanism is configured to obtain the water sample and deliver the water sample to the first reservoir through the water delivery pipe.
3. The detection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the processing device comprises a sample application mechanism, the sample application mechanism comprises a sample application assembly, a moving assembly and a plurality of reagent cartridges, the moving assembly has a set moving range, the reagent cartridges are used for storing reagents and are located in the moving range of the moving assembly, the moving assembly is connected to the sample application assembly and is used for moving the sample application assembly, and the sample application assembly is suitable for acquiring the set reagents and adding the reagents into the water sample in the centrifuge tube.
4. The detection apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the processing device further comprises a stirrer, the stirrer is disposed adjacent to the sample adding assembly and is used for stirring the water sample in the centrifuge tube.
5. The testing device of claim 4, wherein the processing device further comprises a pH meter communicatively connected to the sample application mechanism and the agitator, the pH meter comprising a pH probe connected to the agitator, the pH probe being movable with the agitator and configured to test the pH of the sample of water within the centrifuge tube.
6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the centrifuge device comprises a rotor, a rotating member and a balancing member, the rotating member has two ends along a radial direction of a rotating shaft of the rotor, the rotor is connected to a position between the two ends of the rotating member and is used for driving the rotating member to rotate, one of the ends is adapted to be connected to the centrifuge tube, and the other end is connected to the balancing member.
7. The detection apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a buffer frame, wherein the buffer frame is disposed on the rack, the buffer frame is provided with a plurality of accommodating grooves, and the accommodating grooves are used for accommodating the centrifugal tubes.
8. The testing device of claim 1, further comprising a collection device comprising a second reservoir connected to the housing for collecting waste fluid produced by the processing device and/or the testing device.
9. The detection apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a communication module, wherein the communication module is communicatively connected to the detection device, and the communication module is configured to acquire the detection data of the detection device and send the detection data to a set background in a wireless communication manner.
10. The testing device of any one of claims 1 to 9, further comprising a controller communicatively connected to the collection device, the heating device, the sample separation device, the centrifugation device, the processing device, the testing device, and the transfer device.
11. The detection method is characterized in that the detection is carried out by adopting the detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, the detection device is used for carrying out sampling detection on the sewage at regular intervals in a set period, and the step of carrying out sampling detection by the detection device comprises the following steps:
sampling: collecting a water sample for the sewage in an original state through a sampling device;
inactivation: heating and inactivating the water sample by a heating device;
pretreatment: acquiring a water sample with a set volume from the bottom position of the inactivated water sample through a sample separation device, placing the water sample in a centrifugal tube, transferring the centrifugal tube to a centrifugal device through a transfer device, and performing centrifugal treatment on the water sample in the centrifugal tube through the centrifugal device;
enrichment and concentration: precipitating or intercepting virus particles in the pretreated water sample through a treatment device, centrifuging the water sample through a centrifugal device, and removing supernatant to enrich and concentrate viruses in the remaining water sample to form concentrated solution;
and (3) nucleic acid detection: and carrying out nucleic acid extraction and nucleic acid detection on the concentrated solution in the centrifugal tube through detection, and forming detection data.
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| CN111426666A (en) * | 2020-02-27 | 2020-07-17 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | High-throughput automatic detector for simultaneously detecting multiple kinds of viruses |
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| CN114252641A (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2022-03-29 | 福州金域医学检验实验室有限公司 | New crown sample collecting and detecting device and system |
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| CN114755376A (en) * | 2021-01-08 | 2022-07-15 | 香港大学 | Sewage monitoring for SARS-COV-2 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111426666A (en) * | 2020-02-27 | 2020-07-17 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | High-throughput automatic detector for simultaneously detecting multiple kinds of viruses |
| CN114755376A (en) * | 2021-01-08 | 2022-07-15 | 香港大学 | Sewage monitoring for SARS-COV-2 |
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