CN115405338A - Subway construction top strutting arrangement - Google Patents
Subway construction top strutting arrangement Download PDFInfo
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- CN115405338A CN115405338A CN202211157415.0A CN202211157415A CN115405338A CN 115405338 A CN115405338 A CN 115405338A CN 202211157415 A CN202211157415 A CN 202211157415A CN 115405338 A CN115405338 A CN 115405338A
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 200
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 89
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000000396 iron Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009435 building construction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 10
- 229910000754 Wrought iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
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- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical group O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D15/00—Props; Chocks, e.g. made of flexible containers filled with backfilling material
- E21D15/14—Telescopic props
- E21D15/28—Telescopic props with parts held relatively to each other by friction or gripping
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D15/00—Props; Chocks, e.g. made of flexible containers filled with backfilling material
- E21D15/14—Telescopic props
- E21D15/28—Telescopic props with parts held relatively to each other by friction or gripping
- E21D15/42—Telescopic props with parts held relatively to each other by friction or gripping with special parts to influence the friction
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D15/00—Props; Chocks, e.g. made of flexible containers filled with backfilling material
- E21D15/14—Telescopic props
- E21D15/46—Telescopic props with load-measuring devices; with alarm devices
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D15/00—Props; Chocks, e.g. made of flexible containers filled with backfilling material
- E21D15/50—Component parts or details of props
- E21D15/54—Details of the ends of props
- E21D15/55—Details of the ends of props of prop heads or feet
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F11/00—Rescue devices or other safety devices, e.g. safety chambers or escape ways
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
- E21F17/18—Special adaptations of signalling or alarm devices
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Pulmonology (AREA)
- Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a top supporting device for subway construction, and belongs to the technical field of building construction. The supporting units comprise horizontal supporting parts and arch crown supporting parts, a plurality of shock absorption steel rods are uniformly distributed between the upper arch crown supporting part and the lower arch crown supporting part of the arch crown supporting parts in a splayed shape, the top of each shock absorption steel rod is hinged with the upper arch crown supporting part, and the bottom of each shock absorption steel rod is connected with the lower arch crown supporting part in a sliding manner; the support column is the shock attenuation post, lies in respectively between two adjacent shock attenuation rod irons that constitute the splayed, and the top of support column is worn out the top that the vault supporting part lies in the vault supporting part, and the bottom of support column is fixed on the vault supporting part down. The subway construction top supporting device can form an effective point-surface cooperative supporting system, and the flexible support is changed into the rigid support along with the change of the top pressure, so that a stable supporting effect is provided, and early warning can be timely given out to remind constructors of timely evacuation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of subway construction, in particular to a top supporting device for subway construction.
Background
With the development of economic globalization and the acceleration of urbanization process, subway tunnel engineering is becoming the main direction of urban public transport development more and more, and subways not only enhance the rapidity of travel and save the time of people, but also play a good role in promoting the environmental protection construction of cities.
The subway construction method generally comprises an open cut method and a subsurface cut method, wherein the open cut method is a construction method of excavating earth and stones from top to bottom to set elevations, then carrying out construction sequentially from bottom to top on a base to complete a main structure of a tunnel, and finally backfilling a foundation pit or recovering the ground.
The underground excavation method is a tunnel construction method for excavating and building a lining structure underground under specific conditions without excavating the ground, and comprises a drilling and blasting method, a shield method, a pipe jacking method and the like, wherein the shield method is most widely applied.
Subway tunnels formed by underground excavation construction need to be supported in time, and the tops of the underground tunnels still need to bear loads brought by original ground buildings, so that the tops need to be effectively supported. The existing subway steel support is provided with a plurality of horizontal support steel pipes, so that the stability of a subway tunnel can be ensured, and collapse can be prevented.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the problems in the prior art and provides a subway construction top supporting device.
The invention provides a top supporting device for subway construction, which comprises a plurality of supporting units which are mutually assembled along the direction of a subway tunnel line, wherein each supporting unit comprises:
the horizontal supporting part is arranged in parallel to the width direction of the subway tunnel line, and two ends of the horizontal supporting part are fixed on the side wall of the subway tunnel line;
the arch crown supporting part comprises an upper arch crown supporting part and a lower arch crown supporting part, the upper arch crown supporting part and the lower arch crown supporting part are both arranged above the horizontal supporting part, the end parts of the upper arch crown supporting part and the lower arch crown supporting part are fixedly connected with the two ends of the horizontal supporting part, and a supporting diagonal rod is further arranged between the horizontal supporting part and the lower arch crown supporting part;
the damping steel bars are uniformly distributed between the upper arch support part and the lower arch support part in a splayed shape, the tops of the damping steel bars are hinged with the upper arch support part, and the bottoms of the damping steel bars are connected with the lower arch support part in a sliding manner;
the supporting columns are a plurality of damping columns and are respectively positioned between two adjacent damping steel bars forming an inverted splayed shape, the tops of the supporting columns penetrate through the upper arch support part and are positioned above the upper arch support part, and the bottoms of the supporting columns are fixed on the lower arch support part; when the supporting column is pressed down and moved, the adjacent shock absorption steel bar is pressed to slide and tends to be vertical.
Preferably, the top of the support column is provided with a top plate, the bottom of the support column is provided with a reinforcing plate, the reinforcing plate is provided with a notch matched with the outer contour of the damping steel bar, and a rubber pad is arranged on the inner side of the notch.
Preferably, the support column includes support tube and bottom suspension dagger, the bottom suspension dagger cover is established in last support tube, and goes up and still be equipped with damping spring between support tube and the bottom suspension dagger, the bottom of vault supporting part is equipped with the warning light with the support column one-to-one down, the reinforcing plate is located on the support tube, the bottom suspension dagger is fixed in on the vault supporting part down, the bottom suspension dagger top is equipped with the push type switch that is used for making the warning light open.
Preferably, the horizontal support part includes first backup pad, sealed passageway and second backup pad, sealed passageway is located between first backup pad and the second backup pad, still be equipped with plunger piece between first backup pad and the sealed passageway, plunger piece and sealed passageway intercommunication are used for adjusting the gas pressure in the sealed passageway.
Preferably, a sealing sliding block is arranged in the sealing channel, the sealing sliding block is located at the end part close to the sealing channel, metal sheets which can be in contact and conducted with each other are arranged between the end part of the sealing channel and the sealing sliding block, and the metal sheets are respectively and electrically connected with a power supply and an audible and visual alarm.
Preferably, a resistance spring is further arranged between the end part of the sealing channel and the sealing sliding block, and the resistance spring is located outside the metal sheet.
Preferably, the sealing sliding member includes a fixing member and an elastic member disposed at the periphery of the fixing member, and the elastic member can be in sealing fit with the inner wall of the sealing passage.
Preferably, the elastic part is an annular air bag, the air inlet end of the annular air bag is communicated with one side, away from the resistance spring, of the sealing channel, and the air inlet end of the annular air bag is provided with a first one-way valve for enabling air to enter the annular air bag.
Preferably, the sealing channel is provided with an air inlet and an exhaust valve, and the air inlet is provided with a sealing cover.
Preferably, the vent valve is a second one-way valve that allows gas to vent from within the sealed passageway.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the subway construction top supporting device is formed by assembling a plurality of supporting units which are assembled with each other, each supporting unit is provided with a plurality of supporting columns which extend out of a vault, the top of a subway tunnel is supported in a multi-point mode through the supporting columns, a surface support is formed through an upper vault supporting plate and supporting columns which slide to the upper surface of the upper vault supporting plate, a supporting structure with point-surface cooperation behind a point is formed together, damage of local stress to the whole supporting system can be avoided, meanwhile, the supporting columns have a damping effect, rigid supporting can be achieved after primary energy consumption is achieved, when the top pressure is too large, the supporting columns move downwards and simultaneously press a damping steel bar to move towards the vertical direction, at the moment, the supporting system of a stress part is changed from flexible supporting to rigid supporting, stable supporting force is provided, so that larger local stress is resisted, and the stability of the supporting system is prevented from being damaged due to too large deformation.
The warning lamp is designed for prompting the situation that the deformation of the vault supporting part is large, the early warning part can be reinforced if necessary, in order to cope with the more serious situation, the air or oxygen storage sealing channel is designed, so that oxygen can be provided for the interior of the tunnel after collapse occurs, the life safety of people not evacuated is ensured, meanwhile, the sealing channel is also provided with a last early warning system, when the first supporting plate is deformed due to stress, the column plug part moves downwards, the internal volume of the sealing channel is reduced, the pressure in the sealing channel is further increased, the sealing sliding block moves towards the end part, when the metal sheet at the end part of the sealing channel is contacted with the metal sheet on the sealing sliding block, the audible and visual alarm alarms to prompt construction personnel to evacuate in time, and when the pressure in the sealing channel reaches a certain degree, oxygen-enriched air can be automatically released, and the life safety guarantee is provided for the construction personnel who cannot evacuate in time;
according to the invention, through the support system which is firstly point-after-point and firstly flexible-after-rigid, the support stability is ensured, the problem that the whole support system is damaged due to local pressure is reduced, and meanwhile, the corresponding multi-stage early warning system is matched, so that the life safety of constructors in the tunnel can be ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a support unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the support device assembled by the support units according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a support unit of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the positional relationship between the support column and the shock-absorbing steel bar according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the support column of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a horizontal support according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the sealing channel of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a reinforcing plate according to the present invention.
Description of the reference numerals:
1. the hydraulic support comprises a horizontal support part, 2 a vault support part, 21 an upper vault support part, 22 a lower vault support part, 3 a damping steel bar, 4 a support column, 41 a top plate, 42 a reinforcing plate, 43 a notch, 45 an upper support pipe, 46 a lower support column, 47 a damping spring, 5 a first support plate, 6 a sealing channel, 7 a second support plate, 8 a support rod, 9 a plunger piston part, 10 a sealing sliding block, 101 a fixing part, 102 an elastic part, 11 a metal sheet, 12 an audible and visual alarm, 13 a warning lamp and 14 a resistance spring.
Detailed Description
Detailed description of the preferred embodimentsthe following detailed description of the present invention, taken in conjunction with the accompanying fig. 1-8, will provide an understanding that the scope of the present invention is not limited by the detailed description. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-3, the top supporting device for subway construction provided by this embodiment includes a plurality of supporting units assembled with each other along the subway tunnel line direction, so that the supporting units can be added in time according to the tunnel line excavation progress to achieve timely supporting, two adjacent supporting units can be detachably connected by adopting a conventional assembly manner, and assembly and later-stage dismantling are facilitated; meanwhile, the mode of mutually assembling a plurality of supporting units is also beneficial to the operations of strengthening the supporting operation of the part with overlarge top pressure or the replacement and maintenance of the supporting units with deformation failure and the like. Each support unit in this embodiment all includes: the horizontal supporting part 1 is arranged in parallel to the width direction of the subway tunnel line, and two ends of the horizontal supporting part are fixed on the side wall of the subway tunnel line; mainly for providing horizontal supporting function, and as a supporting main body fixedly connected with two side walls of the subway tunnel;
the arch crown supporting part 2 comprises an upper arch crown supporting part 21 and a lower arch crown supporting part 22, the upper arch crown supporting part 21 and the lower arch crown supporting part 22 are both arranged above the horizontal supporting part 1, the end parts of the upper arch crown supporting part 21 and the lower arch crown supporting part 22 are fixedly connected with the two ends of the horizontal supporting part 1, the upper arch crown supporting part 21 and the lower arch crown supporting part 22 are arched supporting plates, a plurality of vertical through holes are uniformly distributed on the upper arch crown supporting part 21, and a supporting diagonal rod 8 is further arranged between the horizontal supporting part 1 and the lower arch crown supporting part 22; preferably, the number of the supporting diagonal rods 8 can be multiple, and a V-shaped supporting system is formed among the supporting diagonal rods, so that the stability of the whole supporting system can be improved. The design of the supporting diagonal rods 8 can be determined according to the overall stress condition of the supporting system.
The damping steel bars 3 are multiple and uniformly distributed between the upper arch support part 21 and the lower arch support part 22 in a splayed shape, the top of each damping steel bar 3 is hinged with the upper arch support part 21, and the bottom of each damping steel bar 3 is connected with the lower arch support part 22 in a sliding manner; sliding connection's mode can adopt T type groove and T type slider sliding connection's mode, specifically the bottom and the slider of shock attenuation rod iron 3 are connected, the slip direction is in great level so that the bottom interval that two shock attenuation rod irons 3 that make the shock attenuation rod iron 3 adjacent constitution splayed under free state, after receiving external force, the bottom interval that two shock attenuation rod irons 3 that make the splayed reduces, make two shock attenuation rod irons 3 be close to whole shock attenuation rod iron 3 each other and tend to by the conversion of shock attenuation effect to rigid support, prepare for resisting bigger pressure, better assurance whole support system does not receive destruction.
The number of the support columns 4 is multiple, the tops of the support columns 4 penetrate through the upper arch support part 21 and are located above the upper arch support part 21, and the bottoms of the support columns 4 are fixed on the lower arch support part 22; the tops of the supporting columns 4 penetrate through the vertical through holes of the upper arch support part 21 and are uniformly distributed above the upper arch support part 21 to form a multi-point supporting system above the upper arch support part 21; as a preferable mode, a top cover plate for increasing the contact area between the top of the support column 4 and the top of the subway tunnel can be arranged at the top of the support column 4, and the top can be effectively supported in a uniformly distributed multi-point supporting mode;
meanwhile, in the embodiment, each support column 4 is respectively positioned between two adjacent shock-absorbing steel rods 3 forming an inverted-splayed shape, and the support columns 4 are of a structure with a large upper part and a small lower part, and can be adjusted in height in the vertical direction along with the increase of the top pressure, so that the large upper part moves downwards, and the shock-absorbing steel rods 3 positioned on two sides are extruded by the increased parts; when the supporting column 4 is pressed down and moved, the adjacent damping steel bar 3 is pressed to slide and tend to be vertical. The supporting column 4 is a shock-absorbing column, preferably a damping type, which not only has a certain buffer shock-absorbing function and can be lower than a small top pressure, but also can gradually change into a rigid support after the top pressure becomes large.
The supporting unit of the embodiment forms a basic supporting system through the horizontal supporting part 1 and the vault supporting part 2, meanwhile, the damping steel rods 3 and the supporting columns 4 with adjustable height are arranged on the upper vault supporting part 21 and the lower vault supporting part 22 of the vault supporting part 2, the damping steel rods 3 are arranged between the upper vault supporting part 21 and the lower vault supporting part 22 in a splayed shape and used for resisting pressure applied to the upper vault supporting part 21 by the top of the subway tunnel, because the upper vault supporting part 21 is a supporting plate, the upper vault supporting part 21 is resisted through the damping steel rods 3 to bear load, and the damping steel plates 3 have a certain damping effect and a certain energy consumption effect, so that the supporting system is prevented from being in direct contact with top load, and the stability of the supporting system is improved;
in the implementation, the supporting columns 4 are arranged in a multi-point mode, a multi-point supporting system which is uniformly arranged is formed above the upper arch support part 21 and serves as a first defense line of the whole supporting system and is used for resisting relatively small top pressure, and the top of each supporting column 4 is higher than the upper arch support part 21, so that a point supporting body formed by the supporting columns 4 is the first defense line; when the supporting column 4 moves downwards between the upper arch support part 21 and the lower arch support part 22 along with the increase of the top pressure, and the lower extreme position of the supporting column 4 is flush with the upper surface of the upper arch support part 21, then the second defense line is started after the supporting column 4 moves downwards to the extreme position, namely, the surface support system formed by the supporting column 4, the shock-absorbing steel rod 3 and the upper arch support part 21. And the horizontal support part 1, the lower dome support part 22 and the support diagonal bar 8 between the horizontal support part 1 and the lower dome support part 22 constitute a third line of defense. And in the process of changing the first defense line to the second defense line, the supporting column 4 moves downwards, so that the damping steel bar 3 tends to a rigid structure, and the supporting column 4 also tends to be rigid when moving to the limit position, so that the process of changing the first defense line to the second defense line is also the process of changing from flexible support to rigid support. Upgrade through supporting the defence line is along with the upgrade of support intensity, realize consuming energy step by step, the mode of reinforcing protection step by step makes whole support system can be different according to the load that bears, form the collaborative bearing structure of the later point face of elder generation, can avoid the destruction of local stress to whole support system, the support column and the shock attenuation rod iron of this embodiment all have the cushioning effect simultaneously, can realize the rigidity support after preliminary consuming energy, move down when the too big back support column of top pressure and extrude the shock attenuation rod iron to remove to the vertical direction simultaneously, the support system at stress position this moment is supported by the flexibility and is changed to the rigidity support, provide stable holding power, in order to resist great local stress, avoid receiving destruction because of the too big stability that causes the support system that warp.
As shown in fig. 8, in a preferred embodiment, a top plate 41 is disposed on the top of the supporting column 4, a reinforcing plate 42 is disposed on the bottom of the supporting column, the reinforcing plate 42 may be a trapezoidal plate, a triangular plate or a tapered plate, a notch 43 matching with the outer contour of the shock-absorbing steel rod 3 is disposed on the reinforcing plate 42, and a rubber pad is disposed inside the notch 43. The design of opening 43 is in order to make shock attenuation rod iron 3 be located opening 43, realizes shock attenuation rod iron 3 and reinforcing plate 42's contact often, and the rubber pad not only can avoid the in-process opening 43 that descends at support column 4 to the wearing and tearing of shock attenuation rod iron 3, and the rubber pad can also increase opening 43 to the frictional force of shock attenuation rod iron 3 simultaneously, reduces the speed that moves down of support column 4.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, in addition to the above-described embodiments, the support system of example 1 adjusts the support level and the support strength depending on the top load, but workers at the construction site do not know it and cannot perform reinforcing bracing and focusing on a part having a large local stress. Therefore, in this embodiment, the support column 4 includes an upper support tube 45 and a lower support column 46, the lower support column 46 is sleeved in the upper support tube 45, a damping spring 47 is further arranged between the upper support tube 45 and the lower support column 46, the warning lamps 13 corresponding to the support columns 4 one to one are arranged at the bottom of the lower arch crown support portion 22, and a touch switch for enabling the warning lamps 13 to be turned on is arranged at the bottom of the lower support column 46.
In this embodiment, the warning lamps 13 may be designed to correspond to the supporting columns 4 one to one, when the upper supporting tube 45 of the supporting column 4 at a certain position falls to contact with the top of the lower supporting column 46, the starting switch of the corresponding warning lamp 13 is triggered to light the warning lamp 13, so that a constructor can determine the stress condition of the top at the certain position according to the lighting position and the lighting quantity of the warning lamp 13, and evaluate whether to perform enhancement processing on the certain position.
Example 3
On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment, in order to remind constructor in time to withdraw before the third defence line is out of control to reserve personnel and withdraw the time, avoid the personnel safety problem because of the collapse causes, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, this embodiment horizontal support portion 1 includes first backup pad 5, sealed passageway 6 and second backup pad 7, sealed passageway 6 is located between first backup pad 5 and the second backup pad 7, still be equipped with plunger piece 9 between first backup pad 5 and the sealed passageway 6, plunger piece 9 and sealed passageway 6 intercommunication are used for adjusting the gas pressure in sealed passageway 6. The sealing device is characterized in that a sealing sliding block 10 is arranged in the sealing channel 6, the sealing sliding block 10 is located at the end part close to the sealing channel 6, metal sheets 11 which can be in contact with each other and conducted are arranged between the end part of the sealing channel 6 and the sealing sliding block 10, and the metal sheets 11 are respectively connected with a power supply and an audible and visual alarm through electricity 12.
Gas is stored in the sealing channel 6 of the embodiment, after top load cannot be resisted by the current three defense lines, an upper supporting system and top pressure are applied to the first supporting plate 5, the first supporting plate 5 can transmit the pressure to the plunger piece 9, the plunger piece 9 comprises a tubular column communicated with the sealing channel 6 in a specific structure, a sealing plunger is arranged in the tubular column, a connecting column is arranged at the top of the plunger, one end of the connecting column is connected with the top of the sealing plunger, and the top of the connecting column is connected with the first supporting plate 5; therefore, after the first supporting plate 5 is pressed, the plunger is pressed down under the action of the connecting column, so that the gas quantity in the sealing channel 6 is increased, the internal gas pressure is increased, and the sealing channel 6 forms the moving supporting strength; and the second supporting plate 7 can provide a certain supporting space for the evacuation of constructors as the last defense line, so that the personnel can be evacuated conveniently.
As another preferred mode, a sealing sliding block 10 is arranged in the sealing channel 6 to slide, when a metal sheet 11 arranged on the sealing sliding block 10 is conducted with a metal sheet 11 arranged at the end part of the sealing channel 6, a power supply is switched on, and meanwhile, an audible and visual alarm 12 is used as the last prompt of a crisis moment, so that the working personnel in construction can be reminded of timely evacuating in advance, and the life safety of the construction personnel is ensured.
It should be noted that the sealing channel 6 has a sufficient wall thickness, which not only can ensure the supporting strength of the sealing channel 6, but also can avoid the problem that the sealing sliding block 10 cannot smoothly slide to the end due to the deformation of the channel wall.
As a preferable mode, in order to avoid false alarm caused by the sealing sliding block 10 rapidly sliding to the end of the sealing channel 6 after receiving a large moment impact, a resistance spring 14 is further disposed between the end of the sealing channel 6 and the sealing sliding block 10, and the resistance spring 14 is located outside the metal sheet 11. The function of the resistance spring 14 is to make the sealing sliding block 10 bear a certain resistance, so as to avoid false alarm caused by instant force. Meanwhile, the resistance of the resistance spring 14 can be regulated and controlled according to the pressure condition of the sealing channel 6, and in practical application, the sealing sliding block 10 can overcome the resistance of the resistance spring 14 to realize the conduction of the two metal sheets 11 and start the audible and visual alarm 12 after the pressure of the sealing channel 6 is increased to a certain range.
As another preferred mode, after the upper layer supporting system is damaged, the sealing channel 6 may be squeezed and deformed, so that the sealing sliding block 10 cannot smoothly reach the end of the sealing channel 6 to activate the audible and visual alarm 12, therefore, the sealing sliding block 10 in this embodiment includes a fixing member 101 and an elastic member 102 disposed on the periphery of the fixing member 101, and the elastic member 102 can be in sealing contact with the inner wall of the sealing channel 6. The elastic part 102 can adapt to certain deformation, the elastic part 102 can be a rubber ring, a sealing ring which is made of elastic materials such as a silica gel ring and the like and can generate certain deformation and ensure sealing performance, the connecting mode of the sealing ring and the fixing part 101 can be a sticking mode, a clamping mode and the like, and the fixing part of the embodiment has certain supporting capacity and is used for installing the metal sheet 11 and the resistance spring 14.
As another preferable mode, the elastic member 102 in the above embodiment is an annular air bag, an air inlet end of the annular air bag is communicated with one side of the sealing channel 6 far away from the resistance spring 12, and the air inlet end of the annular air bag is provided with a first one-way valve for allowing air to enter the interior of the annular air bag. Elastic component 102 is stronger for material deformability such as rubber seal for annular gasbag, the sealed passageway 6 of adaptation different degree that can be better warp, adaptability is better, and annular gasbag can utilize the inside gas pressure of gas passage, automatic air supplement, in order to realize better sealed effect, first check valve is opened after pressure increase to certain pressure value in sealed passageway 6, make gas entering annular gasbag carry out the tonifying qi, make annular gasbag can keep sealed with sealed passageway 6 often, and be adapted to the casing deformation of various sealed passageways 6, be equipped with air inlet and discharge valve on the sealed passageway 6 of preferred mode, air inlet department is equipped with sealed lid. The exhaust valve is a second one-way valve that allows gas to escape from inside the sealed channel 6. Meanwhile, an exhaust port for manual opening in an emergency state can be arranged on the sealed channel 6, and the gas in the sealed channel 6 is preferably air or oxygen, so that oxygen for maintaining vital signs is provided for people trapped at a construction position after a collapse accident, and the people wait for rescue.
The subway construction top supporting device is formed by assembling a plurality of supporting units which are assembled with each other, each supporting unit is provided with a plurality of supporting columns which extend out of a vault, the top of a subway tunnel is supported in a multi-point mode through the supporting columns, a surface support is formed through an upper vault supporting plate and supporting columns which slide to the upper surface of the upper vault supporting plate, a supporting structure with point-surface cooperation behind a point is formed together, damage of local stress to the whole supporting system can be avoided, meanwhile, the supporting columns have a damping effect, rigid supporting can be achieved after primary energy consumption is achieved, when the top pressure is too large, the supporting columns move downwards and simultaneously press a damping steel bar to move towards the vertical direction, at the moment, the supporting system of a stress part is changed from flexible supporting to rigid supporting, stable supporting force is provided, so that larger local stress is resisted, and the stability of the supporting system is prevented from being damaged due to too large deformation.
The warning lamp is designed for prompting the situation that the deformation of the vault supporting part is large, the early warning part can be reinforced if necessary, in order to cope with the more serious situation, the air or oxygen storage sealing channel is designed, so that oxygen can be provided for the interior of the tunnel after collapse occurs, the life safety of people not evacuated is ensured, meanwhile, the sealing channel is also provided with a last early warning system, when the first supporting plate is deformed due to stress, the column plug part moves downwards, the internal volume of the sealing channel is reduced, the pressure in the sealing channel is further increased, the sealing sliding block moves towards the end part, when the metal sheet at the end part of the sealing channel is contacted with the metal sheet on the sealing sliding block, the audible and visual alarm alarms to prompt construction personnel to evacuate in time, and when the pressure in the sealing channel reaches a certain degree, oxygen-enriched air can be automatically released, and the life safety guarantee is provided for the construction personnel who cannot evacuate in time;
according to the invention, through the support system which is firstly point-after-point and firstly flexible-after-rigid, the support stability is ensured, the problem that the whole support system is damaged due to local pressure is reduced, and meanwhile, the corresponding multi-stage early warning system is matched, so that the life safety of constructors in the tunnel can be ensured.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a subway construction top strutting arrangement which characterized in that includes a plurality of supporting element of assembling each other along subway hole line direction, and each supporting element all includes:
the horizontal supporting part (1) is arranged in parallel to the width direction of the subway tunnel line, and two ends of the horizontal supporting part are fixed on the side wall of the subway tunnel line;
the arch crown supporting part (2) comprises an upper arch crown supporting part (21) and a lower arch crown supporting part (22), the upper arch crown supporting part (21) and the lower arch crown supporting part (22) are both arranged above the horizontal supporting part (1), the end parts of the upper arch crown supporting part and the lower arch crown supporting part are fixedly connected with the two ends of the horizontal supporting part (1), and a supporting diagonal rod (8) is further arranged between the horizontal supporting part (1) and the lower arch crown supporting part (22);
the damping steel bars (3) are multiple and are uniformly distributed between the upper arch support part (21) and the lower arch support part (22) in a splayed shape, the top of each damping steel bar (3) is hinged with the upper arch support part (21), and the bottom of each damping steel bar (3) is connected with the lower arch support part (22) in a sliding mode;
the supporting columns (4) are multiple in number and are shock-absorbing columns and are respectively positioned between two adjacent shock-absorbing steel rods (3) forming an inverted splayed shape, the tops of the supporting columns (4) penetrate through the upper arch support part (21) and are positioned above the upper arch support part (21), and the bottoms of the supporting columns (4) are fixed on the lower arch support part (22); when the supporting column (4) is pressed down and moved, the adjacent shock absorption steel bar (3) is pressed to slide and tends to be vertical.
2. The top bracing device for subway construction as claimed in claim 1, wherein the top of the supporting column (4) is provided with a top plate (41), the bottom is provided with a reinforcing plate (42), the reinforcing plate (42) is provided with a notch (43) matching with the outer contour of the damping steel bar (3), and the inner side of the notch (43) is provided with a rubber pad.
3. The subway construction top support device as claimed in claim 2, wherein said supporting columns (4) include an upper supporting tube (45) and a lower supporting column (46), said lower supporting column (46) is sleeved in said upper supporting tube (45), and a damping spring (47) is further provided between said upper supporting tube (45) and said lower supporting column (46), said bottom of said lower arch support (22) is provided with warning lamps (13) corresponding to said supporting columns (4), said reinforcing plate (42) is provided on said upper supporting tube (45), said lower supporting column (46) is fixed on said lower arch support (22), said top of said lower supporting column (46) is provided with a push switch for turning on said warning lamps (13).
4. The subway construction top support device as claimed in claim 1, wherein said horizontal support portion (1) comprises a first support plate (5), a sealing passage (6) and a second support plate (7), said sealing passage (6) being provided between said first support plate (5) and said second support plate (7), a plunger member (9) being further provided between said first support plate (5) and said sealing passage (6), said plunger member (9) being in communication with said sealing passage (6) for regulating the gas pressure in said sealing passage (6).
5. The subway construction top support device as claimed in claim 4, wherein said sealing channel (6) is internally provided with a sealing sliding block (10), said sealing sliding block (10) is located at an end portion close to the sealing channel (6), and a metal sheet (11) capable of being contacted and conducted with each other is further provided between said end portion of said sealing channel (6) and said sealing sliding block (10), said metal sheet (11) is further electrically connected with a power supply and an audible and visual alarm (12), respectively.
6. The subway construction roof support arrangement as claimed in claim 4, wherein a resistance spring (14) is further provided between said end of said sealing channel (6) and said sealing skid (10), said resistance spring (14) being located outside of said metal sheet (11).
7. The subway construction roof supporting device as claimed in claim 4, wherein said sealing glide (10) comprises a fixed member (101) and an elastic member (102) arranged at the periphery of the fixed member (101), said elastic member (102) being capable of sealing against the inner wall of the sealing passage (6).
8. The subway construction roof support apparatus as claimed in claim 7, wherein said elastic member (102) is an annular air bag, an air inlet end of said annular air bag being in communication with a side of said sealing channel (6) remote from said resistance spring (14), said air inlet end of said annular air bag being provided with a first check valve for allowing air to enter the interior of said annular air bag.
9. The subway construction roof supporting device as claimed in claim 5, wherein said sealed passage (6) is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet valve, and said air inlet is provided with a sealing cover.
10. The subway construction roof supporting apparatus as claimed in claim 5, wherein said exhaust valve is a second one-way valve allowing gas to be exhausted from inside of the sealed tunnel (6).
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