CN115404413A - Iron-chromium-aluminum alloy, preparation method thereof and electric heating element - Google Patents
Iron-chromium-aluminum alloy, preparation method thereof and electric heating element Download PDFInfo
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- CN115404413A CN115404413A CN202211008486.4A CN202211008486A CN115404413A CN 115404413 A CN115404413 A CN 115404413A CN 202211008486 A CN202211008486 A CN 202211008486A CN 115404413 A CN115404413 A CN 115404413A
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 105
- -1 Iron-chromium-aluminum Chemical compound 0.000 title claims abstract description 103
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 11
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910002060 Fe-Cr-Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 abstract description 25
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 25
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 15
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000604 Ferrochrome Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018540 Si C Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/002—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
- H05B3/12—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to an iron-chromium-aluminum alloy, a preparation method thereof and an electric heating element, wherein the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy comprises an iron-chromium-aluminum alloy matrix and an oxide film, the oxide film is coated on the outer side of the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy matrix, and Al in the oxide film 2 O 3 The mass content of (a) exceeds 90%. The oxide film structure on the surface of the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy has high content of aluminum oxide, and the aluminum oxide in the oxide film has the strongest corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance, so that the corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance of the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy are enhanced, and the service life of the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy is prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of iron-chromium-aluminum alloy preparation, in particular to an iron-chromium-aluminum alloy, a preparation method thereof and an electric heating element.
Background
The metal type electric heating material is the most used heating element for domestic and industrial heaters at home and abroad, and particularly the Fe-Cr-Al type alloy is the most common. The iron-chromium-aluminum alloy is widely applied in various fields by virtue of the advantages of excellent high-temperature oxidation resistance and the like.
The iron-chromium-aluminum alloy can form a stable and compact oxide film with protectiveness and slow growth speed, so that the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy can normally work in a high-temperature environment of 1300 ℃. After the existing iron-chromium-aluminum alloy is continuously annealed, the formed oxide film is extremely thin, and Al is contained 2 O 3 Low content of Fe 3 O 4 The content is high, so that the corrosion resistance and the oxidation resistance of the composite material are not strong, and the service life is not long.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides an iron-chromium-aluminum alloy, a preparation method thereof and an electric heating element, which aim to solve the technical problem that an oxidation film on the surface of the existing iron-chromium-aluminum alloy is not strong in corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance.
In a first aspect, the present application provides an iron-chromium-aluminum alloy comprising an iron-chromium-aluminum alloy substrate, and an oxide film attached to at least a portion of a surface of the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy substrate;
the chemical composition of the oxide film comprises the following components in percentage by mass: al (Al) 2 O 3 ＞90％。
Further, the thickness of the oxide film is 5 to 7 μm.
Further, the chemical composition of the oxide film further comprises: fe and Cr.
Further, the chemical composition of the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy matrix comprises the following components in percentage by mass: cr:25 to 28%, al:4.7 to 5.1 percent.
Further, the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy substrate is an iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire with the diameter of 3.0-8.0 mm.
In a second aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a method for preparing an iron-chromium-aluminum alloy according to the first aspect, where the method includes:
obtaining an iron-chromium-aluminum alloy matrix;
and continuously annealing the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy matrix under a set oxidizing atmosphere and a set pressure, and cooling to obtain the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy.
Further, the chemical composition of the oxidizing atmosphere comprises oxygen; the oxygen concentration is greater than 80%.
Further, the set air pressure is 1.5 to 2.5 atmospheres.
Further, the process parameters of the continuous annealing include: the temperature is 800-1000 ℃.
In a third aspect, embodiments of the present application provide an electrical heating element, in which at least part of the structural components of the electrical heating element comprise and/or are made of the fe-cr-al alloy of the first aspect.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application has the following advantages:
the embodiment of the application provides an iron-chromium-aluminum alloy, the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy includes iron-chromium-aluminum alloy base member and oxide film, the oxide film cladding is in the outside of iron-chromium-aluminum alloy base member, al in the oxide film 2 O 3 The mass content of (2) exceeds 90%. The oxide film structure on the surface of the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy has high content of aluminum oxide, and the aluminum oxide in the oxide film has the strongest corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance, so that the corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance of the oxide film on the surface of the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy are enhanced, and the technical problem that the existing oxide film on the surface of the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy has weak corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance is solved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the application.
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
Fig. 1 is a graph of an oxide film thickness of an iron-chromium-aluminum alloy provided in an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application without making creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Unless otherwise specifically stated, various raw materials, reagents, instruments, equipment and the like used in the present application are commercially available or can be prepared by an existing method.
The metal type electric heating material is the most used heating element for domestic and industrial heaters at home and abroad, and particularly the Fe-Cr-Al type alloy is the most common. The iron-chromium-aluminum alloy is widely applied in various fields by virtue of the advantages of excellent high-temperature oxidation resistance and the like.
The iron-chromium-aluminum alloy can form a stable and compact oxide film with protectiveness and slow growth speed, so that the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy can normally work in a high-temperature environment of 1300 ℃. The oxide film formed by the existing iron-chromium-aluminum alloy after continuous annealing is extremely thin, and Al 2 O 3 Low content of Fe 3 O 4 The content is high, so that the corrosion resistance and the oxidation resistance of the composite material are not strong, and the service life is not long.
In order to solve the technical problems, the embodiment of the invention provides the following general ideas:
in a first aspect, the present application provides an iron-chromium-aluminum alloy comprising an iron-chromium-aluminum alloy substrate, and an oxide film attached to at least a portion of a surface of the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy substrate;
the chemical composition of the oxide film comprises the following components in percentage by mass: al (Al) 2 O 3 ＞90％。
The embodiment of the application provides an iron-chromium-aluminum alloy, the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy includes iron-chromium-aluminum alloy base member and oxide film, the oxide film cladding is in the outside of iron-chromium-aluminum alloy base member, al in the oxide film 2 O 3 The mass content of (a) exceeds 90%. The oxide film structure on the surface of the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy has high content of aluminum oxide, and the aluminum oxide in the oxide film has the strongest corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance, so that the corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance of the oxide film on the surface of the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy are enhanced, and the technical problem that the existing oxide film on the surface of the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy has weak corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance is solved.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the oxide film has a thickness of 5 to 7 μm.
In the present application, the thickness of the oxide film is 5 to 7 μm, and a thicker oxide film can make the oxide film more resistant to corrosion and oxidation.
As an implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the chemical composition of the oxide film further includes: fe and Cr.
In the application, the metal elements Fe and Cr in the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy do not segregate towards the surface, and oxygen atoms are directly oxidized with metal Al on the surface of the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy to generate compact Al 2 O 3 The oxide film of (3).
As an implementation mode of the embodiment of the invention, the chemical composition of the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy matrix comprises the following components in percentage by mass: cr:25 to 28%, al:4.7 to 5.1 percent.
In the application, the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy matrix comprises a small amount of rare earth elements (La, ce, Y and the like) besides Fe, cr and Al elements. The contents of Cr and Al are controlled to control the composition of the surface oxide film.
As an implementation mode of the embodiment of the invention, the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy substrate is an iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire with the diameter of 3.0-8.0 mm.
In a second aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a method for preparing an iron-chromium-aluminum alloy according to the first aspect, where the method includes:
obtaining an iron-chromium-aluminum alloy matrix;
and continuously annealing the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy matrix under a set oxidizing atmosphere and a set pressure, and cooling to obtain the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy.
In the application, the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy matrix is the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy obtained according to the prior art scheme.
In the application, the oxidizing atmosphere and the air pressure are controlled to improve the oxidizing speed, so that the metal elements Fe and Cr in the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy cannot be segregated to the surface in time, and oxygen atoms are directly oxidized with the metal element Al on the surface of the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy. Because the migration speed of Al is fastest, under the condition of sufficient oxygen, al is preferentially oxidized, and surface Al metal atoms are combined with oxygen to generate compact Al 2 O 3 And (5) oxidizing the film. A large amount of Al formed on the surface 2 O 3 And an oxide film, which inhibits the formation of an oxide film by other elements. Al has a segregation energy of-1.599, cr has a segregation energy of-0.648, iron has the highest segregation energy, and the lower segregation energy, the more easily metal atoms are segregated to the surface, so that the highest segregation force of Al is, and the higher segregation speed of Al to the surface is than that of Cr and Fe, so that a large amount of Al is formed on the surface 2 O 3 And (5) oxidizing the film.
As an implementation of the embodiments of the present invention, the chemical composition of the oxidizing atmosphere comprises oxygen; the oxygen concentration is greater than 80%.
In the application, the oxidizing atmosphere is oxygen, so that the oxygen content can be increased, the oxygen is sufficient, the preferential oxidation of Al is further ensured, and compact Al is formed 2 O 3 And (5) oxidizing the film.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the set air pressure is 1.5 to 2.5 atmospheres.
In the application, oxidizing gas is fed into the continuous annealing furnace through the blowing device, the pressure of the oxidizing gas is controlled to be 1.5-2.5 atmospheric pressures, the flow rate of the oxidizing gas can be increased, the oxidation speed is increased, and the formation of an oxidation film is accelerated. Meanwhile, because aluminum element is preferentially oxidized and aluminum oxide is preferentially formed, the aluminum oxide has better compactness and good corrosion resistance. However, when the gas pressure and the gas flow rate are too high, the gas flow rate is too high, the surface temperature of the ferrochromium aluminum alloy cannot be reached, and the oxidation speed is reduced.
As an implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the process parameters of the continuous annealing include: the temperature is 800-1000 ℃.
In the application, the annealing temperature has a direct relation with the mechanical properties of the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy, the mechanical properties are reduced when the temperature is high or low, and the optimal mechanical properties can be ensured by controlling the temperature. The annealing time is conventional and is not the focus of the application.
In a third aspect, embodiments of the present application provide an electrical heating element, in which at least part of the structural components of the electrical heating element comprise and/or are made of the fe-cr-al alloy of the first aspect.
In the application, the content of alumina in the oxide film on the surface of the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy is higher, so that the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy has the characteristics of strong corrosion resistance and high temperature resistance, the service life of the alloy is prolonged, the service life of the alloy can be prolonged by about 50%, and the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy can be used as a material for producing an electric heating element.
In the application, the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy can be used as a high-temperature insulating film, a resistance wire material and the like of an electric heating element.
The present application is further illustrated below with reference to specific examples. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. The experimental methods of the following examples, which are not specified under specific conditions, are generally determined according to national standards. If there is no corresponding national standard, it is carried out according to the usual international standards, to the conventional conditions or to the conditions recommended by the manufacturer.
Example 1
An iron-chromium-aluminum alloy and a preparation method thereof are characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Selecting raw materials: an iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire having a diameter of 5mm, whose chemical composition is shown in table 1 (the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities);
(2) Preparing an oxide film: continuously annealing the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire at 900 ℃ in an oxygen atmosphere with the blowing pressure of 2 atmospheric pressure, and then cooling to obtain the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy.
Example 2
An iron-chromium-aluminum alloy and a preparation method thereof are characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Selecting raw materials: an iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire having a diameter of 3.0mm, whose chemical composition is shown in Table 1 (the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities);
(2) Preparing an oxide film: continuously annealing the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire at 800 ℃ in an oxygen atmosphere with the blowing pressure of 1.5 atmospheric pressure, and then cooling to obtain the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy.
Example 3
An iron-chromium-aluminum alloy and a preparation method thereof are characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Selecting raw materials: an iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire having a diameter of 8.0mm, whose chemical composition is shown in Table 1 (the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities);
(2) Preparing an oxide film: continuously annealing the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire at 1000 ℃ in an oxygen atmosphere with the blowing pressure of 2.5 atmospheres, and then cooling to obtain the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy.
Example 4
An iron-chromium-aluminum alloy and a preparation method thereof are characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Selecting raw materials: an iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire having a diameter of 6mm, whose chemical composition is shown in table 1 (the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities);
(2) Preparing an oxide film: continuously annealing the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire at 950 ℃ in an oxygen atmosphere with the blowing pressure of 1.8 atmospheric pressure, and then cooling to obtain the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy.
Example 5
An iron-chromium-aluminum alloy and a preparation method thereof are characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Selecting raw materials: an iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire having a diameter of 4mm, whose chemical composition is shown in table 1 (the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities);
(2) Preparing an oxide film: continuously annealing the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire at 850 ℃ in an oxygen atmosphere with the blowing pressure of 2.2 atmospheres, and then cooling to obtain the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy.
Comparative example 1
The oxygen atmosphere in example 1 was changed to an air atmosphere, the atmospheric pressure was changed to 1 atmosphere, and the continuous annealing temperature was changed to 750 ℃, and the rest was the same as in example 1.
The iron-chromium-aluminum alloys prepared in examples and comparative examples were subjected to the oxide film composition measurement using an X-ray diffractometer as shown in Table 2, and the oxide film thickness measurement as shown in Table 3.
TABLE 1 chemical composition of Fe-Cr-Al alloy wire (in mass percent)
| Number of | Cr | Al | Ti | Ni | Mn | Si | C |
| Example 1 | 27.17％ | 4.9％ | 0.135％ | 0.168％ | 0.198％ | 0.47％ | 0.109％ |
| Example 2 | 25.2％ | 4.7％ | 0.135％ | 0.168％ | 0.198％ | 0.47％ | 0.109％ |
| Example 3 | 28％ | 5.1％ | 0.135％ | 0.168％ | 0.198％ | 0.47％ | 0.109％ |
| Example 4 | 26.4％ | 4.8％ | 0.135％ | 0.168％ | 0.198％ | 0.47％ | 0.109％ |
| Example 5 | 27.5％ | 5.0％ | 0.135％ | 0.168％ | 0.198％ | 0.47％ | 0.109％ |
| Comparative example 1 | 27.17％ | 4.9％ | 0.135％ | 0.168％ | 0.198％ | 0.47％ | 0.109％ |
TABLE 2 Fe-Cr-Al alloy surface oxide film composition
| Number of | Composition (I) | Ratio of | Composition (I) | Ratio of | Composition (I) | Ratio of |
| Example 1 | Fe | 4.45％ | Al 2 O 3 | 95.49％ | Cr | 0.5％ |
| Example 2 | Fe | 9.25％ | Al 2 O 3 | 90.28％ | Cr | 0.47％ |
| Example 3 | Fe | 3.36％ | Al 2 O 3 | 96.12％ | Cr | 0.52％ |
| Example 4 | Fe | 5.77％ | Al 2 O 3 | 93.75％ | Cr | 0.48％ |
| Example 5 | Fe | 3.6％ | Al 2 O 3 | 95.89％ | Cr | 0.51％ |
| Comparative example 1 | Fe | 77.65％ | Al 2 O 3 | 4.89％ | Fe 3 O 4 | 17.46％ |
TABLE 3 thickness of iron chromium aluminum alloy surface oxide film
| Number of | Thickness of oxide film (. Mu.m) |
| Example 1 | 7 |
| Example 2 | 6.1 |
| Example 3 | 6.7 |
| Example 4 | 5.4 |
| Example 5 | 5.7 |
| Comparative example 1 | 3.4 |
According to the principle of the pilingBedworth oxidation, oxides with a volume ratio of less than 1 do not sufficiently cover the metal and have no protective effect. When the ratio is far greater than 1, the stress in the oxide film increases, the adhesion with the substrate is poor, cracking and peeling occur, and the oxidation resistance is not good. Therefore, the optimal ratio is close to 1. Oxidation volume ratio of Al 1.28, oxidation volume ratio of Cr 1.99, oxidation volume ratio of Fe 1.77, so Al 2 O 3 The formed continuous compact oxide protective film can prevent oxygen from diffusing into the matrix, prevent the alloy from being continuously oxidized and greatly improve the oxidation resistance of the alloy. Therefore, the oxide film on the surface of the ferrochromium-aluminum alloy provided by the embodiment of the application contains Al 2 O 3 The content ratio is higher than the comparative example, and the corrosion resistance is better than the comparative example.
Various embodiments of the present application may exist in a range of forms; it is to be understood that the description in range format is merely for convenience and brevity and should not be construed as an inflexible limitation on the scope of the application; accordingly, the described range descriptions should be considered to have specifically disclosed all the possible sub-ranges as well as individual numerical values within that range. For example, it is contemplated that the description of a range from 1 to 6 has specifically disclosed sub-ranges, such as from 1 to 3, from 1 to 4, from 1 to 5, from 2 to 4, from 2 to 6, from 3 to 6, etc., as well as single numbers within the stated range, such as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, as applicable regardless of the range. In addition, whenever a numerical range is indicated herein, it is meant to include any number (fractional or integer) recited within the indicated range.
In the present application, unless otherwise specified, the use of directional words such as "upper" and "lower" specifically refer to the orientation of the figures in the drawings. In addition, in the description of the present specification, the terms "include", "includes" and the like mean "including but not limited to". In this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second," and the like, may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Herein, "and/or" describes an association relationship of associated objects, meaning that there may be three relationships, e.g., a and/or B, may mean: a alone, A and B together, and B alone. Wherein A and B can be singular or plural. As used herein, "at least one" means one or more, "a plurality" means two or more. "at least one," "at least one item(s) below," or similar expressions, refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of item(s) alone or item(s) in plurality. For example, "at least one (a), b, or c", or "at least one (a), b, and c", may each represent: a, b, c, a-b (i.e., a and b), a-c, b-c, or a-b-c, wherein a, b, and c may be single or plural, respectively.
The above description is merely exemplary of the present application and is presented to enable those skilled in the art to understand and practice the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. An iron-chromium-aluminum alloy, characterized in that the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy comprises an iron-chromium-aluminum alloy matrix and an oxide film attached to at least part of the surface of the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy matrix;
the chemical composition of the oxide film comprises the following components in percentage by mass: al (aluminum) 2 O 3 ＞90％。
2. The iron-chromium-aluminum alloy according to claim 1, wherein the oxide film has a thickness of 5 to 7 μm.
3. The fe-cr-al alloy of claim 1 wherein the chemical composition of the oxide film further comprises: fe and Cr.
4. The iron-chromium-aluminum alloy of claim 1, wherein the chemical composition of the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy matrix comprises, in mass fraction: cr:25 to 28%, al:4.7 to 5.1 percent.
5. An Fe-Cr-Al alloy as claimed in claim 4, wherein the Fe-Cr-Al alloy substrate is an Fe-Cr-Al alloy wire with a diameter of 3.0-8.0 mm.
6. A method of manufacturing an iron-chromium-aluminum alloy according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising:
obtaining an iron-chromium-aluminum alloy matrix;
and continuously annealing the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy matrix under a set oxidizing atmosphere and a set pressure, and cooling to obtain the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the chemical composition of the oxidizing atmosphere comprises oxygen; the oxygen concentration is greater than 80%.
8. The method according to claim 6, wherein the set pressure is 1.5 to 2.5 atmospheres.
9. The method of claim 6, wherein the process parameters of the continuous annealing include: the temperature is 800-1000 ℃.
10. An electric heating element, characterized in that at least part of the structural parts of the electric heating element comprise an iron-chromium-aluminum alloy according to any one of claims 1 to 5 and/or are made of an iron-chromium-aluminum alloy according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
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