CN113802053A - Fe-Cr-Al electrothermal alloy material with composite addition of rare earth elements - Google Patents

Fe-Cr-Al electrothermal alloy material with composite addition of rare earth elements Download PDF

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CN113802053A
CN113802053A CN202010548342.2A CN202010548342A CN113802053A CN 113802053 A CN113802053 A CN 113802053A CN 202010548342 A CN202010548342 A CN 202010548342A CN 113802053 A CN113802053 A CN 113802053A
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alloy
equal
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alloy material
smelting
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张强
祝志祥
陈保安
丁一
陈新
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Global Energy Interconnection Research Institute
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21CMANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C37/00Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
    • B21C37/04Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of bars or wire
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C33/00Making ferrous alloys
    • C22C33/04Making ferrous alloys by melting
    • C22C33/06Making ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/005Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing rare earths, i.e. Sc, Y, Lanthanides
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/06Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/28Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with titanium or zirconium
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/10Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
    • H05B3/12Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Conductive Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a Fe-Cr-Al electrothermal alloy material, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: la: 0.05-0.1%, Ce: 0.02-0.05%, Er: 0.01-0.02%, Cr: 23-26%, Al: 5-7%, Ti: 0.02-0.1%, less than or equal to 0.3% of Si, less than or equal to 0.4% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.03% of C + P + S, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurity elements. According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the alloy components are optimized by adding rare earth trace alloying elements, the microstructure of the alloy is improved, and the Fe-Cr-Al electrothermal alloy material with the electric life of more than or equal to 96 hours at the maximum use temperature of 1350 ℃ is obtained.

Description

Fe-Cr-Al electrothermal alloy material with composite addition of rare earth elements
[ technical field ] A method for producing a semiconductor device
The invention relates to an alloy material, in particular to an electrothermal alloy material.
[ background of the invention ]
The electrothermal alloy is a functional alloy material which converts electric energy into heat energy by utilizing resistance heating, and the material is widely applied to the fields of metallurgy, machinery, petrifaction, electricity, buildings, household appliances and the like. The Fe-Cr-Al electrothermal alloy is the electrothermal alloy which is most widely applied in China, and products with various specifications of the alloy are widely applied to manufacturing heating elements of various medium and high temperature resistance furnaces. However, the existing products have uneven quality, and particularly, the service life of the products is far from meeting the actual requirement.
Through a large amount of researches, the element composition and the proportion of the Fe-Cr-Al series electrothermal alloy are optimized, and the corresponding aging treatment can improve the microstructure and prolong the electric service life of the alloy.
[ summary of the invention ]
The invention aims to develop an Fe-Cr-Al electrothermal alloy material which can be used at 1350 ℃ to prolong the electric life to more than 96 h. The electrothermal alloy material with the service life of more than or equal to 96 hours at the maximum use temperature of 1350 ℃ is developed by adopting the addition of rare earth microalloying elements to optimize and control the alloy components and improve the microstructure of the alloy.
In order to implement the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in an Fe-Cr-Al electrocaloric alloy material, the improvement comprising the following components in mass percent: la: 0.05-0.1%, Ce: 0.02-0.05%, Er: 0.01-0.02%, Cr: 23-26%, Al: 5-7%, Ti: 0.02-0.1%, less than or equal to 0.3% of Si, less than or equal to 0.4% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.03% of C + P + S, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurity elements.
The electrothermal alloy material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: la: 0.08-0.1%, Ce: 0.02-0.03%, Er: 0.01-0.02%, Cr: 24-25%, Al: 6-6.8%, Ti: 0.02-0.08 percent of Fe, less than or equal to 0.3 percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.4 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of C, P and S, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurity elements.
Wherein the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: smelting, rolling, annealing, surface treatment and drawing.
Wherein the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
smelting: adding an alloy element into pure Fe with the purity of 99.5%, wherein the alloy element is added in the form of Cr-Fe alloy as an alloy element Cr; vacuum degree of less than or equal to 1 × 10-2Smelting in a smelting furnace with the smelting temperature of 1500 and 1550 ℃ under Pa, and casting ingots;
the rolling is performed at 1150-1200 ℃;
the annealing is carried out at the temperature of 800-850 ℃ for 2-2.5 h;
the surface treatment comprises alkaline boiling and pickling;
and the drawing is to draw the electrothermal alloy wire by 18 passes.
Compared with the closest prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following excellent effects:
according to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the rare earth elements (La, Ce and Er) improve the composition of the Fe-Cr-Al alloy oxide film, and the formed rare earth compound is enriched on the interface layer, so that the diffusion speed of oxygen to the interior of the alloy is slowed down, and the oxidation resistance is improved.
The main function of the chromium element in the technical scheme of the invention is to improve the medium corrosion resistance, because when the content of Cr exceeds 26 percent of the invention, sigma phase is easy to generate to cause alloy embrittlement, so the content of the chromium element is controlled to be Cr: in the range of 23-26%.
The aluminum in the technical scheme provided by the invention is a key element for improving the oxidation resistance of the alloy. The basic reason for the superior oxidation resistance of the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy is the existence of aluminum element, but the aluminum element can cause strong embrittlement of ferrite and sharply reduce the plasticity of the alloy, so the invention controls the aluminum content in the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy within the range of 5-7%.
The Ti in the technical scheme provided by the invention is controlled within the range of 0.02-0.1%, so that the processing performance of the alloy can be improved, and the service performance of the alloy can also be improved.
The technical scheme provided by the invention can also improve the oxidation resistance of the alloy by adding the silicon element with the Si content of less than or equal to 0.3 percent, and the excessive silicon element can cause the plasticity of the alloy to be poor, so the content of the silicon element is generally controlled to be less than or equal to 0.3 percent.
The manganese element in the technical scheme provided by the invention is an element carried by the raw material in the preparation process of the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy, generally plays no role, but the oxidation resistance of the alloy is reduced due to the excessively high content of the manganese element, so that the content of the manganese element is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.4 percent.
The C, P and S elements in the technical scheme provided by the invention are impurity elements in the alloy, and the C + P + S is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.03 percent.
According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the rare earth element is compositely added into the Fe-Cr-Al alloy, the impurity elements are strictly purified and controlled by utilizing the interaction of micro-alloy elements, and the crystal grains are refined, so that the microstructure of the alloy is improved, and the electric service life of the electrothermal alloy is prolonged. Obtaining cast ingots (the vacuum degree is less than or equal to 1 multiplied by 10) by vacuum smelting-2Pa, the smelting temperature is 1500-.
[ detailed description ] embodiments
The technical scheme provided by the invention is explained in detail in an implementation mode, and the amount of each component is calculated by mass percent unless otherwise stated.
Example 1
An Fe-Cr-Al electrothermal alloy with composite addition of rare earth elements comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
Figure BDA0002541554510000021
Figure BDA0002541554510000031
the alloying components were added to 99.5% Fe so that their final contents were as indicated above. The Cr component of the alloy is added in the form of Cr-Fe alloy, and the rest components are added in the form of simple substances.
At vacuum degree of less than or equal to 1 × 10-2Pa, smelting in a smelting furnace with the smelting temperature of 1550 ℃, casting ingots, rolling at 1150 ℃, annealing for 2.5h at 800 ℃, alkaline boiling and pickling for surface treatment, and drawing for 18 times to obtain the resistance wire with the diameter of 0.8mm and the service life of more than or equal to 96.8h under the high-temperature electrified operation condition of 1350 ℃.
Example 2
A Fe-Cr-Al electrothermal alloy material compositely added with rare earth elements comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
Figure BDA0002541554510000032
the alloying elements were added to 99.5% Fe to the final levels shown above. The alloying element Cr is added in the form of Cr-Fe alloy, and the other components are added in the form of simple substance.
At vacuum degree of less than or equal to 1 × 10-2Pa, smelting in a smelting furnace with the smelting temperature of 1500 ℃, casting ingots, rolling at 1150 ℃, annealing for 2.2h at 830 ℃, alkaline boiling and pickling for surface treatment, and drawing for 18 times to obtain the electrothermal alloy wire with the diameter of 0.8mm and the electric service life of 98.5h under the high-temperature electrifying operation condition of 1350 ℃.
Example 3
A Fe-Cr-Al electrothermal alloy material compositely added with rare earth elements comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
Figure BDA0002541554510000041
the alloying elements were added to a purity of 99.5% Fe pure to a final content as indicated above. Except that Cr in the alloy elements is added in the form of Cr-Fe alloy, the other components are added in the form of simple substances.
At vacuum degree of less than or equal to 1 × 10-2Pa, the temperature of 1520 ℃, smelting in a smelting furnace, casting ingots, rolling at 1180 ℃, annealing at 830 ℃ for 2.5 hours, alkali boiling and pickling for surface treatment, and drawing for 18 times to obtain the electrothermal alloy resistance wire with the diameter of 0.8mm and the electric service life of more than or equal to 97.2 hours under the high-temperature electrified operation condition of 1350 ℃.
Example 4
A Fe-Cr-Al electrothermal alloy material compositely added with rare earth elements comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
Figure BDA0002541554510000042
the respective alloying elements were added to Fe having a purity of 99.5% so that their final contents were as shown above. Except that the alloy element Cr is added in the form of Cr-Fe alloy, the other components are added in the form of simple substance.
At vacuum degree of less than or equal to 1 × 10-2Smelting in a smelting furnace at the temperature of 1500 Pa, casting ingot, rolling at the temperature of 1180 ℃, annealing at the temperature of 800 ℃ for 2.2h, carrying out alkaline boiling and pickling surface treatment, and drawing for 18 times to obtain the electrothermal alloy resistance wire with the diameter of 0.8mm and the electric life of 98.3h under the high-temperature electrified operation condition at the temperature of 1350 ℃.
Example 5
A Fe-Cr-Al electrothermal alloy material compositely added with rare earth elements comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
Figure BDA0002541554510000051
the respective alloying elements were added to Fe having a purity of 99.5% so that their final contents were as shown above. Except that the alloy element Cr is added in the form of Cr-Fe alloy, the other components are added in the form of simple substance.
At vacuum degree of less than or equal to 1 × 10-2Smelting in a smelting furnace at the temperature of Pa, 1550 ℃, casting ingots, rolling at the temperature of 1200 ℃, rolling for 2 hours at the temperature of 850 ℃, and adding alkaliPerforming boiling and pickling surface treatment, and drawing for 18 times to obtain the electrothermal alloy resistance wire with the diameter of 0.8mm and the electric service life of 96.2h under the high-temperature electrifying operation condition at 1350 ℃.
TABLE 1 results of electrical life test of Fe-Cr-Al alloy prepared in examples and comparative examples
Group of Diameter (mm) Operating temperature (. degree.C.) Electric life (h)
Example 1 0.8 1350 96.8
Example 2 0.8 1350 98.5
Example 3 0.8 1350 97.2
Example 4 0.8 1350 98.3
Example 5 0.8 1350 96.2
As can be seen from Table 1, the Fe-Cr-Al electrothermal alloy material has obvious advantages in electrical life performance, and particularly has an electrical life of over 96 hours under the condition of 1350 ℃ electrified operation.
The above description of the embodiments is only intended to facilitate the understanding of the method of the invention and its core idea. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make several improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: modifications and equivalents may be made to the embodiments of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is to be covered by the claims.

Claims (4)

1. An Fe-Cr-Al electrothermal alloy material is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass: la: 0.05-0.1%, Ce: 0.02-0.05%, Er: 0.01-0.02%, Cr: 23-26%, Al: 5-7%, Ti: 0.02-0.1%, less than or equal to 0.3% of Si, less than or equal to 0.4% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.03% of C + P + S, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurity elements.
2. An Fe-Cr-Al electrothermal alloy material according to claim 1, wherein the electrothermal alloy material comprises the following components in mass percent: la: 0.08-0.1%, Ce: 0.02-0.03%, Er: 0.01-0.02%, Cr: 24-25%, Al: 6-6.8%, Ti: 0.02-0.08 percent of Fe, less than or equal to 0.3 percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.4 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of C, P and S, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurity elements.
3. A method of producing an Fe-Cr-Al electrothermal alloy material according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the method comprises: the method comprises the following steps: smelting, rolling, annealing, surface treatment and drawing.
4. A method of making an Fe-Cr-Al electrocaloric alloy material of claim 3, comprising: the method comprises the following steps:
smelting: adding an alloy element into pure Fe with the purity of 99.5%, wherein the alloy element is added in the form of Cr-Fe alloy as an alloy element Cr; vacuum degree of less than or equal to 1 × 10-2Smelting in a smelting furnace with the smelting temperature of 1500 and 1550 ℃ under Pa, and casting ingots;
the rolling is performed at 1150-1200 ℃;
the annealing is carried out at the temperature of 800-850 ℃ for 2-2.5 h;
the surface treatment comprises alkaline boiling and pickling;
and the drawing is to draw the electrothermal alloy wire by 18 passes.
CN202010548342.2A 2020-06-16 2020-06-16 Fe-Cr-Al electrothermal alloy material with composite addition of rare earth elements Pending CN113802053A (en)

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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109536834A (en) * 2018-12-07 2019-03-29 安徽金月节能科技有限公司 A kind of heating watt high heat-intensity lectrothermal alloy wire and preparation method thereof
CN111057937A (en) * 2019-12-31 2020-04-24 江苏新华合金有限公司 Electrothermal alloy iron-chromium-aluminum wire material and preparation method thereof

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109536834A (en) * 2018-12-07 2019-03-29 安徽金月节能科技有限公司 A kind of heating watt high heat-intensity lectrothermal alloy wire and preparation method thereof
CN111057937A (en) * 2019-12-31 2020-04-24 江苏新华合金有限公司 Electrothermal alloy iron-chromium-aluminum wire material and preparation method thereof

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
余景生等: "《稀土处理钢手册》", vol. 1, 31 December 1993, 北京:冶金工业出版社, pages: 637 - 639 *

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