CN115403322B - Glue-fixed earth-rock dam and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Glue-fixed earth-rock dam and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115403322B CN115403322B CN202211222742.XA CN202211222742A CN115403322B CN 115403322 B CN115403322 B CN 115403322B CN 202211222742 A CN202211222742 A CN 202211222742A CN 115403322 B CN115403322 B CN 115403322B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/16—Sulfur-containing compounds
- C04B24/161—Macromolecular compounds comprising sulfonate or sulfate groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/24—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B24/26—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B24/2688—Copolymers containing at least three different monomers
- C04B24/2694—Copolymers containing at least three different monomers containing polyether side chains
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/16—Sealings or joints
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B7/00—Barrages or weirs; Layout, construction, methods of, or devices for, making same
- E02B7/02—Fixed barrages
- E02B7/04—Dams across valleys
- E02B7/06—Earth-fill dams; Rock-fill dams
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/30—Water reducers, plasticisers, air-entrainers, flow improvers
- C04B2103/302—Water reducers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/30—Water reducers, plasticisers, air-entrainers, flow improvers
- C04B2103/304—Air-entrainers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/27—Water resistance, i.e. waterproof or water-repellent materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/29—Frost-thaw resistance
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Abstract
The application discloses a cement-fixed earth-rock dam and a construction method thereof, wherein the cement-fixed earth-rock dam comprises a dam body, a slurry-rich rolling cement-fixed earth-rock cushion layer and a slurry-rich vibrating cement-fixed earth-rock protective layer, wherein the slurry-rich rolling cement-fixed earth-rock cushion layer and the slurry-rich vibrating cement-fixed earth-rock protective layer are arranged at the bottom and two sides of the dam body; the dam body building materials comprise cement, fly ash, soil, mud-blocking water reducer and water; the construction materials of the slurry-rich rolling gel soil and stone cushion layer and the slurry-rich vibrating gel soil and stone protective layer comprise cement, fly ash, soil, broken stone, a mud-blocking water reducer, a mud-blocking air entraining agent and water. When the gel soil and stone dam is built, the dam body and the slurry-rich vibrating gel soil and stone protection layer are constructed simultaneously, and in the vibrating construction process, the places where the dam body cannot be rolled can be also vibrated together, so that the compaction of the whole dam body is facilitated; when a layer of slurry-rich vibrating and tamping earth and stone protective layer is constructed, the fresh mixture fills the part lower than the dam body, and the impermeable effect is enhanced after the mixture is closed. The application can fully utilize the site soil and gravel stones, thereby achieving the effects of green, environment-friendly and rapid construction of the dykes and dams.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of dam construction, and particularly relates to a gel soil and stone dam and a construction method thereof.
Background
The gel gravel dam is used as a novel dam construction technology and is widely applied to small and medium-sized hydraulic engineering at home and abroad. The dam building material of the gel gravel dam is characterized in that sand gravel on the engineering site is used, and a small amount of gel material is added for rolling or vibrating construction. The application range of the dam building material is further expanded in the concept of the gel-cured earth-rock dam, sand and gravel can be utilized, soil can be utilized, and the core idea of the material is to use cementing materials to enable the soil and the rock to be modified into a solidified body from original granular bodies after cementing, so that the engineering safety is essentially improved. Therefore, the definition of the gel soil and stone dam is more scientific, the material characteristics are reflected, and the application range of the gel soil and stone dam is wider.
The gel gravel dam has a plurality of engineering applications at home and abroad, but the engineering application of soil cementation to build the dam is not yet available at home. In engineering practice, there are many examples of encountering deep silt foundation covering layers, such as waste of silt, environmental protection, waste slag cost generation and the like, and soil resources are wasted in the current large construction environment with shortage of sand and aggregate, and the current guidelines for green low-carbon dam construction are not met.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the prior art, the application provides a gel soil-fixed stone dam and a construction method thereof, so as to realize the purpose of building the dam in green and low carbon.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the application is as follows: the method comprises the steps of providing a gel-cured earth-rock dam, wherein a slurry-rich rolling gel-cured earth-rock cushion layer and a slurry-rich vibrating gel-cured earth-rock protective layer are respectively paved at the bottom and two sides of the dam;
the construction material of the dam body comprises the following components in parts by mass:
50-70 parts of cement, 50-70 parts of fly ash, 1500-1600 parts of soil, 15-20 parts of mud-blocking water reducer and 300-320 parts of water;
the building material of the slurry-rich rolling gel soil-fixed stone cushion layer comprises the following components in parts by mass:
140-160 parts of cement, 130-170 parts of fly ash, 550-650 parts of soil, 1000-1300 parts of crushed stone, 20-25 parts of mud-blocking water reducer, 1-2 parts of mud-blocking air entraining agent and 150-250 parts of water;
the construction material of the slurry-rich vibrating and tamping earth-rock protective layer comprises the following components in parts by mass:
180-200 parts of cement, 180-200 parts of fly ash, 540-560 parts of soil, 1000-1200 parts of crushed stone, 18-22 parts of mud-blocking water reducer, 1-2 parts of mud-blocking air entraining agent and 150-250 parts of water.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the application can be improved as follows.
Further, the construction material of the dam body comprises the following components in parts by mass:
60 parts of cement, 60 parts of fly ash, 1520 parts of soil, 17.5 parts of mud-blocking water reducer and 304 parts of water;
the building material of the slurry-rich rolling gel soil-fixed stone cushion layer comprises the following components in parts by mass:
150 parts of cement, 150 parts of fly ash, 600 parts of soil, 1200 parts of broken stone, 21 parts of mud-blocking water reducer, 1.15 parts of mud-blocking air entraining agent and 180 parts of water;
the construction material of the slurry-rich vibrating and tamping earth-rock protective layer comprises the following components in parts by mass:
185 parts of cement, 185 parts of fly ash, 550 parts of soil, 1100 parts of broken stone, 20 parts of mud-blocking water reducer, 1.1 parts of mud-blocking air entraining agent and 190 parts of water.
Further, the soil is fine-grained soil; the particle size of the crushed stone is not more than 40mm; the fly ash is class II fly ash.
Further, the mud-resistant water reducer is prepared through the following steps:
s1: dissolving methyl alkenyl polyoxyethylene ether in water, and stirring for 30-45 min at 50-60 ℃ to obtain a base solution;
s2: adding graphene oxide and acrylamide into a base solution, stirring for 20-30 min, adding an oxidant, reacting for 30-45 min at room temperature, adding a reducing agent, reacting for 30-60 min at room temperature, heating to 60-70 ℃, and reacting for 4-6 h; the mass ratio of the added graphene oxide, acrylamide, oxidant and reducer to the methyl alkenyl polyoxyethylene ether is 5-15:3-6:2-5:4-8:100-150;
s3: adding acrylic acid into the system after the S2 reaction, stirring for 30-40 min, regulating the pH value of the system to 6-7, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the product.
Further, the oxidant is a mixture of ammonium persulfate and 30wt% hydrogen peroxide solution according to the feed-liquid ratio of 2g to 5 mL; the reducing agent is L-anti-cyclosanguinic acid.
Further, the mud-resistant air entraining agent is prepared through the following steps:
mixing rosin powder, triethanolamine, sulfuric acid, sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate, bisphenol A, pentaerythritol and water according to a mass ratio of 40-50:10-15:5-10:5-10:8-12:7-15:100-120, and then reacting at 80-100 ℃ for 45-60 min to obtain the traditional Chinese medicine.
Further, the thickness of the slurry-rich rolling gel soil and stone cushion layer and the slurry-rich vibrating gel soil and stone protective layer are both 80-120 cm.
Further, the cross section of the dam body is trapezoid, and the slope ratio of the side faces of the dam body is 1:1.
Further, the width of the top of the dam is 4m.
The application also discloses a construction method of the gel soil-rock dam, which comprises the following steps:
s1, determining the bottom width a of the cemented earth-rock dam according to a formula (1),
(1) Wherein h is the height of the dam body, b is the width of the top surface of the dam body, θ is the included angle between the dam body and the ground, and the value of the included angle is 45-60 degrees;
s2, paving the construction materials of the slurry-rich rolling gummy soil and stone cushion layers layer by layer to a gummy soil and stone dam construction site, wherein the paving width is a, the thickness of each layer of slurry-rich rolling gummy soil and stone cushion layer construction materials is 15-20 cm, and rolling is carried out once every 2-3 layers, and the rolling speed is 1-1.5 km/h until the slurry-rich rolling gummy soil and stone cushion layer reaches a preset thickness;
s3, paving dam building materials layer by layer on a slurry-rich rolling gel soil-rock cushion layer, wherein the paving width is reduced layer by layer, the paving thickness of each layer of dam building materials is 30-50 cm, rolling is carried out once every 2-3 layers are paved, and the rolling speed is 1-1.5 km/h; paving construction materials of the slurry-rich vibrating and tamping earth and stone protecting layer on two sides of a rolled dam body in a vibrating construction mode after rolling to form a slurry-rich vibrating and tamping earth and stone protecting layer; the top of the slurry-rich vibrating gel soil and stone protection layer formed each time is 3-5 cm away from the top of the dam body;
s4, repeating the step S3 until the cemented earth and rockfill dam reaches the required height.
The beneficial effects of the application are as follows:
1. the application discloses a cement earth-rock dam which consists of a dam body, a slurry-rich rolling cement earth-rock cushion layer and a slurry-rich vibrating cement earth-rock protective layer which are respectively distributed at the bottom and two sides of the dam body, wherein the slurry-rich rolling cement earth-rock cushion layer and the slurry-rich vibrating cement earth-rock protective layer wrap the dam body, and the stability of the dam body is improved, and meanwhile, the seepage resistance of the dam body is also obviously improved.
2. According to the application, the construction material of the dam body takes soil as a main raw material, so that not only can the site soil material be fully utilized and the construction cost of the dam be greatly reduced, but also the dam body is more compact in structure after rolling by being matched with components such as cement, fly ash, mud-resistant water reducer and the like, and the stability and the seepage resistance of the dam are ensured.
3. According to the application, the construction material of the slurry-rich rolling gel soil-fixed stone cushion layer takes gravels and soil as main raw materials, the gravels play a role in skeleton reinforcement, soil, cement, fly ash and the like are filled between the gravels, and the components such as the mud-blocking water reducer, the mud-blocking air entraining agent and the like are combined, so that the compactness of the slurry-rich rolling gel soil-fixed stone cushion layer can be effectively ensured, and good stability and seepage resistance can be generated.
4. The construction material of the slurry-rich vibrating and tamping earth-stone protective layer takes broken stone and soil as main raw materials, and the broken stone plays a role in skeleton reinforcement, so that the strength of the slurry-rich vibrating and tamping earth-stone protective layer can be improved, and the broken stone has larger friction force, so that the side edge of a dam body can be prevented from collapsing. Soil, cement, fly ash and the like are filled between the broken stones, and then the components such as the mud-blocking water reducer, the mud-blocking air entraining agent and the like are combined, so that the compactness of the slurry-rich vibrating rubber soil-stone protective layer can be effectively ensured, and good stability and seepage resistance can be generated.
5. The gel soil and stone dam made of the material has excellent compressive strength, impermeability and frost resistance. Wherein, the compressive strength of the slurry-rich rolling gel-cured earth and stone cushion 180d can reach 12.8MPa, the impermeability can reach W4, and the freezing resistance can reach F100; the compressive strength of the slurry-rich vibrating gel earth-rock protective layer 180d can reach 17.3MPa, the impermeability can reach W4, and the freezing resistance can reach F100.
6. When the rubber-reinforced earth-rock dam is constructed, the dam body and the slurry-enriched vibrating rubber-reinforced earth-rock protective layer are constructed simultaneously, the top of the slurry-enriched vibrating rubber-reinforced earth-rock protective layer formed each time is lower than the dam body, and in the vibrating construction process, the places where the dam body cannot be rolled can be also vibrated and constructed together, so that the compaction of the whole dam body is facilitated; when a layer of slurry-rich vibrating and tamping earth and stone protective layer is constructed, the fresh mixture fills the part lower than the dam body, and the impermeable effect is enhanced after the mixture is closed.
7. The application can fully utilize the site soil and gravel stones, thereby achieving the effects of green, environment-friendly and rapid construction of the dykes and dams.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a cemented earth-rock dam;
FIG. 2 is a schematic construction of a cemented earth-rock dam;
1, a dam body; 2. a slurry-rich rolling gel soil and stone cushion layer, 3, a slurry-rich vibrating gel soil and stone protection layer; a. the width of the bottom surface of the gel soil-rock dam; b. the width of the top surface of the gel soil-rock dam; h. the height of the gel-cured earth-rock dam; and theta, an included angle between the side wall of the gel-cured earth-rock dam and the ground.
Detailed Description
The application provides a gel soil and stone dam with a novel structure, which aims to solve the problems of high construction cost, poor stability and poor seepage resistance of a stone dam, and has the cross section shown in figure 1, and the gel soil and stone dam is in an isosceles trapezoid shape as a whole and comprises a dam body 1, wherein a slurry-rich rolling gel soil and stone cushion layer 2 and slurry-rich vibrating gel soil and stone protection layers 3 are respectively paved at the bottom and two sides of the dam body 1; the dam body building material comprises the following components in parts by mass:
50-70 parts of cement, 50-70 parts of fly ash, 1500-1600 parts of soil, 15-20 parts of mud-blocking water reducer and 300-320 parts of water;
the building material of the slurry-rich rolling gel soil-fixed stone cushion layer comprises the following components in parts by mass:
140-160 parts of cement, 130-170 parts of fly ash, 550-650 parts of soil, 1000-1300 parts of crushed stone, 20-25 parts of mud-blocking water reducer, 1-2 parts of mud-blocking air entraining agent and 150-250 parts of water;
the construction material of the slurry-rich vibrating and tamping earth-rock protective layer comprises the following components in parts by mass:
180-200 parts of cement, 180-200 parts of fly ash, 540-560 parts of soil, 1000-1200 parts of crushed stone, 18-22 parts of mud-blocking water reducer, 1-2 parts of mud-blocking air entraining agent and 150-250 parts of water.
The application also provides a construction method of the gel soil-rock dam, wherein a construction schematic diagram is shown in fig. 2, and the construction method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, surveying the topography of a soil-rock dam construction area, designing the shape of a dam body 1 to be constructed, and generally designing the cross section of the dam body 1 to be isosceles trapezoid; determining the overall height h of the dam body, the width b of the top surface of the dam body 1 and the inclination angle theta of the slope surface of the dam body 1, wherein the theta is controlled below a repose angle, preferably 45-60 degrees, in order to ensure that collapse cannot occur in the construction process; and finally, calculating the ground width a of the dam body 1 according to the integral height h of the dam body, the top surface width b of the dam body 1 and the inclined angle theta of the slope of the dam body 1, wherein the a is determined by the formula (1):
s2, after all data of the dam body are well determined, leveling the ground of a soil-rock dam building area, then spreading the slurry-rich rolling gummy soil-rock cushion building material layer by layer to a gummy soil-rock dam building site, wherein the paving width is a, the thickness of each layer of slurry-rich rolling gummy soil-rock cushion building material is 15-20 cm, and rolling is carried out once every 2-3 layers are paved, the rolling speed is 1-1.5 km/h, and the slurry-rich rolling gummy soil-rock cushion reaches a preset thickness;
s3, paving dam building materials layer by layer on a slurry-rich rolling gel soil-rock cushion layer, wherein the paving width is reduced layer by layer, the paving thickness of each layer of dam building materials is 30-50 cm, rolling is carried out once every 2-3 layers are paved, and the rolling speed is 1-1.5 km/h; paving construction materials of the slurry-rich vibrating and tamping earth and stone protecting layer on two sides of a rolled dam body in a vibrating construction mode after rolling to form a slurry-rich vibrating and tamping earth and stone protecting layer; the top of the slurry-rich vibrating gel soil and stone protection layer formed each time is 3-5 cm away from the top of the dam body;
s4, repeating the step S3 until the cemented earth and rockfill dam reaches the required height.
The following describes the present application in detail with reference to examples.
Example 1
The glued earth-rock dam is built in a river channel in Sichuan, the total height of the dam body is 12m, and the width of the top of the dam body is 4m; the cement earth-rock dam comprises a dam body 1, wherein the slope ratio of the side walls at the two sides of the dam body 1 is 1:1, and a slurry-rich rolling cement earth-rock cushion layer 2 with the thickness of 1m and a slurry-rich vibrating cement earth-rock protective layer 3 with the thickness of 1m are respectively paved at the bottom and the two sides of the dam body 1; the building material of the dam body 1 comprises the following components in parts by mass:
60 parts of common silicon 42.5 cement, 60 parts of class II fly ash, 1520 parts of fine soil, 17.5 parts of mud-blocking water reducer and 304 parts of water;
the building material of the slurry-rich rolling gel soil-rock cushion layer 2 comprises the following components in parts by mass:
150 parts of common silicon 42.5 cement, 150 parts of class II fly ash, 600 parts of fine soil, 1200 parts of crushed stone with the grain diameter not exceeding 40mm, 21 parts of mud-blocking water reducer, 1.15 parts of mud-blocking air entraining agent and 180 parts of water;
the construction material of the slurry-rich vibrating and tamping earth-rock protective layer 3 comprises the following components in parts by mass:
185 parts of common silicon 42.5 cement, 185 parts of class II fly ash, 550 parts of fine soil, 1100 parts of crushed stone with the grain diameter not exceeding 40mm, 20 parts of mud-blocking water reducer, 1.1 parts of mud-blocking air entraining agent and 190 parts of water.
1. The mud-resistant water reducer used in the embodiment is prepared through the following steps:
s1: dissolving methyl alkenyl polyoxyethylene ether in water, and stirring at 55deg.C for 40min to obtain a base solution;
s2: adding graphene oxide and acrylamide into a base solution, stirring for 25min, adding an oxidant, reacting at room temperature for 40min, adding a reducing agent, reacting at room temperature for 45min, heating to 65 ℃, and reacting for 5h; the mass ratio of the added graphene oxide, acrylamide, oxidant and reducer to the methyl alkenyl polyoxyethylene ether is 10:5:4:6:120; the oxidant is a mixture of ammonium persulfate and 30wt% hydrogen peroxide solution according to the feed-liquid ratio of 2g to 5mL, and the reducer is L-anti-cyclohaemagglutinin
S3: adding acrylic acid into the system after the S2 reaction, stirring for 35min, adjusting the pH value of the system to 7, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the product; the molar ratio of the added acrylic acid to the methyl alkenyl polyoxyethylene ether is 1:1.
2. The mud-blocking air entraining agent used in the embodiment is prepared through the following steps:
mixing rosin powder, triethanolamine, sulfuric acid, sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate, bisphenol A, pentaerythritol and water according to the mass ratio of 45:12:8:6:10:10:100, and then reacting for 50min at 85 ℃ to obtain the traditional Chinese medicine.
3. The construction method of the gel soil-rock dam in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
s1, determining the bottom width a of the cemented earth-rock dam according to a formula (1),
(1) Wherein h is the height of the dam body and is 12m; b is the width of the top surface of the dam body and is 4m; θ is the included angle between the dam body and the ground, and the value of θ is 45 degrees; the bottom width a of the cemented earth-rock dam is 28m through calculation;
s2, paving the construction materials of the slurry-rich rolling gummy soil and stone cushion layers layer by layer to a gummy soil and stone dam construction site, wherein the paving width is a, the thickness of each layer of slurry-rich rolling gummy soil and stone cushion layer construction materials is 20cm, rolling is carried out once every 2 layers of slurry-rich rolling gummy soil and stone cushion layers are paved, and the rolling speed is 1km/h until the slurry-rich rolling gummy soil and stone cushion layers reach a preset thickness;
s3, paving dam building materials layer by layer on a slurry-rich rolling gel soil-rock cushion layer, wherein the paving width is reduced layer by layer, the paving thickness of each layer of dam building materials is 40cm, 3 layers are rolled once every time, and the rolling speed is 1km/h; paving construction materials of the slurry-rich vibrating and tamping earth and stone protecting layer on two sides of a rolled dam body in a vibrating construction mode after rolling to form a slurry-rich vibrating and tamping earth and stone protecting layer; the top of the slurry-rich vibrating gel soil and stone protection layer formed each time is 4cm away from the top of the dam body;
s4, repeating the step S3 until the cemented earth and rockfill dam reaches the required height.
Example 2
The glued earth-rock dam is built in a river course in Guizhou, the total height of the dam body is 8m, and the width of the top of the dam body is 4m; the cement earth-rock dam comprises a dam body 1, wherein the slope ratio of the side walls at the two sides of the dam body 1 is 1:1, and a slurry-rich rolling cement earth-rock cushion layer 2 with the thickness of 1m and a slurry-rich vibrating cement earth-rock protective layer 3 with the thickness of 1m are respectively paved at the bottom and the two sides of the dam body 1; the building material of the dam body 1 comprises the following components in parts by mass:
50 parts of common silicon 42.5 cement, 70 parts of class II fly ash, 1500 parts of fine soil, 20 parts of mud-blocking water reducer and 300 parts of water;
the building material of the slurry-rich rolling gel soil-rock cushion layer 2 comprises the following components in parts by mass:
140 parts of common silicon 42.5 cement, 170 parts of class II fly ash, 550 parts of fine soil, 1300 parts of crushed stone with the grain diameter not exceeding 40mm, 20 parts of mud-blocking water reducer, 2 parts of mud-blocking air entraining agent and 250 parts of water;
the construction material of the slurry-rich vibrating and tamping earth-rock protective layer 3 comprises the following components in parts by mass:
180 parts of common silicon 42.5 cement, 200 parts of class II fly ash, 540 parts of fine soil, 1200 parts of crushed stone with the particle size not exceeding 40mm, 18 parts of mud-blocking water reducer, 2 parts of mud-blocking air entraining agent and 250 parts of water.
1. The mud-resistant water reducer used in the embodiment is prepared through the following steps:
s1: dissolving methyl alkenyl polyoxyethylene ether in water, and stirring at 50 ℃ for 45min to obtain a base solution;
s2: adding graphene oxide and acrylamide into a base solution, stirring for 20min, adding an oxidant, reacting for 30min at room temperature, adding a reducing agent, reacting for 60min at room temperature, heating to 70 ℃, and reacting for 4h; the mass ratio of the added graphene oxide, acrylamide, oxidant and reducer to the methyl alkenyl polyoxyethylene ether is 5:3:2:4:100; the oxidant is a mixture of ammonium persulfate and 30wt% hydrogen peroxide solution according to the feed-liquid ratio of 2g to 5mL, and the reducer is L-anti-cyclohaemagglutinin
S3: adding acrylic acid into the system after the S2 reaction, stirring for 30min, adjusting the pH value of the system to 6, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the product; the molar ratio of the added acrylic acid to the methyl alkenyl polyoxyethylene ether is 1:1.
2. The mud-blocking air entraining agent used in the embodiment is prepared through the following steps:
mixing rosin powder, triethanolamine, sulfuric acid, sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate, bisphenol A, pentaerythritol and water according to a mass ratio of 40:10:5:5:8:7:100, and then reacting at 80 ℃ for 60min to obtain the traditional Chinese medicine.
3. The construction method of the gel soil-rock dam in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
s1, determining the bottom width a of the cemented earth-rock dam according to a formula (1),
(1) Wherein h is the height of the dam body and is 8m; b is the width of the top surface of the dam body and is 4m; θ is the included angle between the dam body and the ground, and the value of θ is 45 degrees; the bottom width a of the cemented earth-rock dam is 20m through calculation;
s2, paving the construction materials of the slurry-rich rolling cemented earth and stone cushion layers layer by layer to a construction site of a cemented earth and stone dam, wherein the paving width is a, the thickness of each layer of slurry-rich rolling cemented earth and stone cushion layer construction materials is 15cm, and rolling is carried out once every 3 layers of slurry-rich rolling cemented earth and stone cushion layers are paved, and the rolling speed is 1.5km/h until the slurry-rich rolling cemented earth and stone cushion layers reach a preset thickness;
s3, paving dam building materials layer by layer on a slurry-rich rolling gel soil-rock cushion layer, wherein the paving width is reduced layer by layer, the paving thickness of each layer of dam building materials is 30cm, 3 layers are rolled once every time, and the rolling speed is 1.5km/h; paving construction materials of the slurry-rich vibrating and tamping earth and stone protecting layer on two sides of a rolled dam body in a vibrating construction mode after rolling to form a slurry-rich vibrating and tamping earth and stone protecting layer; the top of the slurry-rich vibrating gel soil and stone protection layer formed each time is 3cm away from the top of the dam body;
s4, repeating the step S3 until the cemented earth and rockfill dam reaches the required height.
Example 3
The glued earth-rock dam is built in a river course in the north of the river, the total height of the dam body is 10m, and the width of the top of the dam body is 4m; the cement earth-rock dam comprises a dam body 1, wherein the slope ratio of the side walls at the two sides of the dam body 1 is 1:1, and a slurry-rich rolling cement earth-rock cushion layer 2 with the thickness of 1m and a slurry-rich vibrating cement earth-rock protective layer 3 with the thickness of 1m are respectively paved at the bottom and the two sides of the dam body 1; the building material of the dam body 1 comprises the following components in parts by mass:
70 parts of common silicon 42.5 cement, 50 parts of class II fly ash, 1600 parts of fine soil, 15 parts of mud-blocking water reducer and 320 parts of water;
the building material of the slurry-rich rolling gel soil-rock cushion layer 2 comprises the following components in parts by mass:
160 parts of common silicon 42.5 cement, 130 parts of class II fly ash, 650 parts of fine soil, 1000 parts of crushed stone with the grain diameter not exceeding 40mm, 25 parts of mud-blocking water reducer, 1 part of mud-blocking air entraining agent and 150 parts of water;
the construction material of the slurry-rich vibrating and tamping earth-rock protective layer 3 comprises the following components in parts by mass:
200 parts of common silicon 42.5 cement, 180 parts of class II fly ash, 560 parts of fine soil, 1000 parts of crushed stone with the particle size not exceeding 40mm, 22 parts of mud-blocking water reducer, 12 parts of mud-blocking air entraining agent and 150 parts of water.
1. The mud-resistant water reducer used in the embodiment is prepared through the following steps:
s1: dissolving methyl alkenyl polyoxyethylene ether in water, and stirring at 60 ℃ for 30min to obtain a base solution;
s2: adding graphene oxide and acrylamide into a base solution, stirring for 30min, adding an oxidant, reacting for 45min at room temperature, adding a reducing agent, reacting for 30min at room temperature, heating to 60 ℃, and reacting for 6h; the mass ratio of the added graphene oxide, acrylamide, oxidant and reducer to the methyl alkenyl polyoxyethylene ether is 15:6:5:8:150; the oxidant is a mixture of ammonium persulfate and 30wt% hydrogen peroxide solution according to the feed-liquid ratio of 2g to 5mL, and the reducer is L-anti-cyclohaemagglutinin
S3: adding acrylic acid into the system after the S2 reaction, stirring for 40min, adjusting the pH value of the system to 7, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the product; the molar ratio of the added acrylic acid to the methyl alkenyl polyoxyethylene ether is 1:1.
2. The mud-blocking air entraining agent used in the embodiment is prepared through the following steps:
mixing rosin powder, triethanolamine, sulfuric acid, sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate, bisphenol A, pentaerythritol and water according to the mass ratio of 50:15:10:10:12:15:120, and then reacting for 45min at 100 ℃ to obtain the traditional Chinese medicine.
3. The construction method of the gel soil-rock dam in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
s1, determining the bottom width a of the cemented earth-rock dam according to a formula (1),
(1) Wherein h is the height of the dam body and is 10m; b is the width of the top surface of the dam body and is 4m; θ is the included angle between the dam body and the ground, and the value of θ is 45 degrees; the bottom width a of the cemented earth-rock dam is 24m through calculation;
s2, paving the construction materials of the slurry-rich rolling gummy soil and stone cushion layers layer by layer to a gummy soil and stone dam construction site, wherein the paving width is a, the thickness of each layer of slurry-rich rolling gummy soil and stone cushion layer construction materials is 20cm, and rolling is carried out once every 3 layers of slurry-rich rolling gummy soil and stone cushion layers are paved, and the rolling speed is 1km/h until the slurry-rich rolling gummy soil and stone cushion layers reach a preset thickness;
s3, paving dam building materials layer by layer on a slurry-rich rolling gel soil-rock cushion layer, wherein the paving width is reduced layer by layer, the paving thickness of each layer of dam building materials is 50cm, rolling is carried out once every 2 layers are paved, and the rolling speed is 1.5km/h; paving construction materials of the slurry-rich vibrating and tamping earth and stone protecting layer on two sides of a rolled dam body in a vibrating construction mode after rolling to form a slurry-rich vibrating and tamping earth and stone protecting layer; the top of the slurry-rich vibrating gel soil and stone protection layer formed each time is 5cm away from the top of the dam body;
s4, repeating the step S3 until the cemented earth and rockfill dam reaches the required height.
While specific embodiments of the application have been described in detail in connection with the examples, it should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the patent. Various modifications and variations which may be made by those skilled in the art without the creative effort are within the scope of the patent described in the claims.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a glued earth-rock dam which characterized in that: the dam comprises a dam body, wherein a slurry-rich rolling gel soil and stone cushion layer and a slurry-rich vibrating gel soil and stone protection layer are respectively paved at the bottom and two sides of the dam body;
the construction material of the dam body comprises the following components in parts by mass:
50-70 parts of cement, 50-70 parts of fly ash, 1500-1600 parts of soil, 15-20 parts of mud-blocking water reducer and 300-320 parts of water;
the construction material of the slurry-rich rolling gel-cured earth and stone cushion comprises the following components in parts by mass:
140-160 parts of cement, 130-170 parts of fly ash, 550-650 parts of soil, 1000-1300 parts of crushed stone, 20-25 parts of mud-blocking water reducer, 1-2 parts of mud-blocking air entraining agent and 150-250 parts of water;
the construction material of the slurry-rich vibrating gel soil and stone protection layer comprises the following components in parts by mass:
180-200 parts of cement, 180-200 parts of fly ash, 540-560 parts of soil, 1000-1200 parts of crushed stone, 18-22 parts of mud-blocking water reducer, 1-2 parts of mud-blocking air entraining agent and 150-250 parts of water;
the mud-resistant air entraining agent is prepared through the following steps:
mixing rosin powder, triethanolamine, sulfuric acid, sodium alkylbenzenesulfonate, bisphenol A, pentaerythritol and water according to a mass ratio of 40-50:10-15:5-10:5-10:8-12:7-15:100-120, and then reacting at 80-100 ℃ for 45-60 min to obtain the traditional Chinese medicine;
the thickness of the slurry-rich rolling gel soil and stone cushion layer and the thickness of the slurry-rich vibrating gel soil and stone protective layer are 80-120 cm; the total height of the dam body is 8-12 m;
the gel soil-rock dam is prepared through the following steps:
s1, determining the bottom width a of the cemented earth-rock dam according to a formula (1),
(1)
(1) Wherein h is the height of the dam body, b is the width of the top surface of the dam body, θ is the included angle between the dam body and the ground, and the value is 45 degrees;
s2, paving the construction materials of the slurry-rich rolling gummy earth and stone cushion layers layer by layer to a gummy earth and stone dam construction site, wherein the paving width is a, the thickness of each layer of slurry-rich rolling gummy earth and stone cushion layer construction materials is 15-20 cm, rolling is carried out once every 2-3 layers, and the rolling speed is 1-1.5 km/h until the slurry-rich rolling gummy earth and stone cushion layer reaches a preset thickness;
s3, paving dam building materials layer by layer on a slurry-rich rolling gel soil-rock cushion layer, wherein the paving width is reduced layer by layer, the paving thickness of each layer of dam building materials is 30-50 cm, rolling is carried out once every 2-3 layers are paved, and the rolling speed is 1-1.5 km/h; paving construction materials of the slurry-rich vibrating and tamping earth and stone protecting layer on two sides of a rolled dam body in a vibrating construction mode after rolling to form a slurry-rich vibrating and tamping earth and stone protecting layer; the top of the slurry-rich vibrating gel soil and stone protection layer formed each time is 3-5 cm away from the top of the dam body;
s4, repeating the step S3 until the cemented earth and rockfill dam reaches the required height.
2. A cemented earth-rock dam according to claim 1, characterized by:
the construction material of the dam body comprises the following components in parts by mass:
60 parts of cement, 60 parts of fly ash, 1520 parts of soil, 17.5 parts of mud-blocking water reducer and 304 parts of water;
the construction material of the slurry-rich rolling gel-cured earth and stone cushion comprises the following components in parts by mass:
150 parts of cement, 150 parts of fly ash, 600 parts of soil, 1200 parts of broken stone, 21 parts of mud-blocking water reducer, 1.15 parts of mud-blocking air entraining agent and 180 parts of water;
the construction material of the slurry-rich vibrating gel soil and stone protection layer comprises the following components in parts by mass:
185 parts of cement, 185 parts of fly ash, 550 parts of soil, 1100 parts of broken stone, 20 parts of mud-blocking water reducer, 1.1 parts of mud-blocking air entraining agent and 190 parts of water.
3. A cemented earth and rockfill dam according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the soil is fine-grained soil; the particle size of the crushed stone is not more than 40mm; the fly ash is class II fly ash.
4. A cemented earth-rock dam according to claim 1, characterized by: the section of the dam body is trapezoid, and the slope ratio of the side faces of the dam body is 1:1.
5. A cemented earth-rock dam according to claim 4, wherein: the width of the top of the dam body is 4m.
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